This book explains the theory and application of evolutionary computer vision, a new paradigm where challenging vision problems can be approached using the techniques of evolutionary computing. This methodology achieves excellent results for defining fitness functions and representations for problems by merging evolutionary computation with mathematical optimization to produce automatic creation of emerging visual behaviors. In the first part of the book the author surveys the literature in concise form, defines the relevant terminology, and offers historical and philosophical motivations for the key research problems in the field. For researchers from the computer vision community, he offers a simple introduction to the evolutionary computing paradigm. The second part of the book focuses on implementing evolutionary algorithms that solve given problems using working programs in the major fields of low-, intermediate- and high-level computer vision. This book will be of value to researchers, engineers, and students in the fields of computer vision, evolutionary computing, robotics, biologically inspired mechatronics, electronics engineering, control, and artificial intelligence.

Automating Linguistics offers an in-depth study of the history of the mathematisation and automation of the sciences of language. In the wake of the first mathematisation of the 1930s, two waves followed: machine translation in the 1950s and the development of computational linguistics and natural language processing in the 1960s. These waves were pivotal given the work of large computerised corpora in the 1990s and the unprecedented technological development of computers and software.Early machine translation was devised as a war technology originating in the sciences of war, amidst the amalgamate of mathematics, physics, logics, neurosciences, acoustics, and emerging sciences such as cybernetics and information theory. Machine translation was intended to provide mass translations for strategic purposes during the Cold War. Linguistics, in turn, did not belong to the sciences of war, and played a minor role in the pioneering projects of machine translation.Comparing the two trends, the present book reveals how the sciences of language gradually integrated the technologies of computing and software, resulting in the second-wave mathematisation of the study of language, which may be called mathematisation-automation. The integration took on various shapes contingent upon cultural and linguistic traditions (USA, ex-USSR, Great Britain and France). By contrast, working with large corpora in the 1990s, though enabled by unprecedented development of computing and software, was primarily a continuation of traditional approaches in the sciences of language sciences, such as the study of spoken and written texts, lexicography, and statistical studies of vocabulary.

This book includes a selection of reviewed papers presented at the 9th China Academic Conference on Printing and Packaging, which was held in November 2018 in Shandong, China. The conference was jointly organized by the China Academy of Printing Technology and Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences). With 8 keynote talks and over 200 presented papers on graphic communication and packaging technologies, the conference attracted more than 300 scientists.The proceedings cover the recent findings in color science and technology, image processing technology, digital media technology, mechanical engineering and numerical control, materials and detection, digital process management technology in printing and packaging, and other technologies. As such, the book is of interest to university researchers, R&D engineers and graduate students in the field of graphic arts, packaging, color science, image science, material science, computer science, digital media, and network technology.

The field of computer graphics combines display hardware, software, and interactive techniques in order to display and interact with data generated by applications. Visualization is concerned with exploring data and information graphically in such a way as to gain information from the data and determine significance. Visual analytics is the science of analytical reasoning facilitated by interactive visual interfaces.

Expanding the Frontiers of Visual Analytics and Visualization provides a review of the state of the art in computer graphics, visualization, and visual analytics by researchers and developers who are closely involved in pioneering the latest advances in the field. It is a unique presentation of multi-disciplinary aspects in visualization and visual analytics, architecture and displays, augmented reality, the use of color, user interfaces and cognitive aspects, and technology transfer. It provides readers with insights into the latest developments in areas such as new displays and new display processors, new collaboration technologies, the role of visual, multimedia, and multimodal user interfaces, visual analysis at extreme scale, and adaptive visualization.

Phishing Detection Using Content-Based Image Classification is an invaluable resource for any deep learning and cybersecurity professional and scholar trying to solve various cybersecurity tasks using new age technologies like Deep Learning and Computer Vision. With various rule-based phishing detection techniques at play which can be bypassed by phishers, this book provides a step-by-step approach to solve this problem using Computer Vision and Deep Learning techniques with significant accuracy. The book offers comprehensive coverage of the most essential topics, including: Programmatically reading and manipulating image data Extracting relevant features from images Building statistical models using image features Using state-of-the-art Deep Learning models for feature extraction Build a robust phishing detection tool even with less data Dimensionality reduction techniques Class imbalance treatment Feature Fusion techniques Building performance metrics for multi-class classification task Another unique aspect of this book is it comes with a completely reproducible code base developed by the author and shared via python notebooks for quick launch and running capabilities. They can be leveraged for further enhancing the provided models using new advancement in the field of computer vision and more advanced algorithms.

Despite the fact that images constitute the main objects in computer vision and image analysis, there is remarkably little concern about their actual definition. In this book a complete account of image structure is proposed in terms of rigorously defined machine concepts, using basic tools from algebra, analysis, and differential geometry. Machine technicalities such as discretisation and quantisation details are de-emphasised, and robustness with respect to noise is manifest. From the foreword by Jan Koenderink: It is my hope that the book will find a wide audience, including physicists - who still are largely unaware of the general importance and power of scale space theory, mathematicians - who will find in it a principled and formally tight exposition of a topic awaiting further development, and computer scientists - who will find here a unified and conceptually well founded framework for many apparently unrelated and largely historically motivated methods they already know and love. The book is suited for self-study and graduate courses, the carefully formulated exercises are designed to get to grips with the subject matter and prepare the reader for original research.'

1. This book focuses on providing a detailed description of the utilization of IoT with computer vision and its underlying technologies in critical application areas, such as smart grids, emergency departments, intelligent traffic cams, insurance, and the automotive industry. It provides a detailed description to the readers with practical ideas of using IoT with computer vision (motion based object data) to deal with human dynamics, challenges involved in surpassing diversified architecture, communications, integrity, and security aspects 2. Over the last few years, Internet of Things (IoT) and computer vision, have become challenging research areas where everyday motion based objects can be equipped with identifying, sensing, networking (wired or wireless), and processing the capabilities that allow communication among themselves and with other devices over Internet Protocol. Hence there will be a demand for the book in the market. 3. This book provides an overview of basic concept from rising of machines and communication to IoT with computer vision, critical applications domains, technologies, medical imaging and solutions to handle relevant challenges. The book will provide a detailed description to the readers with practical ideas of using IoT with computer vision (motion based object data) to deals with human dynamics, and challenges unlike the competition in the market.

Integrating Graphics and Vision for Object Recognition serves as a reference for electrical engineers and computer scientists researching computer vision or computer graphics. Computer graphics and computer vision can be viewed as different sides of the same coin. In graphics, algorithms are given knowledge about the world in the form of models, cameras, lighting, etc., and infer (or render) an image of a scene. In vision, the process is the exact opposite: algorithms are presented with an image, and infer (or interpret) the configuration of the world. This work focuses on using computer graphics to interpret camera images: using iterative rendering to predict what should be visible by the camera and then testing and refining that hypothesis. Features of the book include: Many illustrations to supplement the text; A novel approach to the integration of graphics and vision; Genetic algorithms for vision; Innovations in closed loop object recognition. Integrating Graphics and Vision for Object Recognition will be of interest to research scientists and practitioners working in fields related to the topic. It may also be used as an advanced-level graduate text.

This book provides a view of low-rank and sparse computing, especially approximation, recovery, representation, scaling, coding, embedding and learning among unconstrained visual data. The book includes chapters covering multiple emerging topics in this new field. It links multiple popular research fields in Human-Centered Computing, Social Media, Image Classification, Pattern Recognition, Computer Vision, Big Data, and Human-Computer Interaction. Contains an overview of the low-rank and sparse modeling techniques for visual analysis by examining both theoretical analysis and real-world applications.

This book gives a comprehensive view of the developed procrustes models, including the isotropic, the generalized and the anisotropic variants. These represent original tools to perform, among others, the bundle block adjustment and the global registration of multiple 3D LiDAR point clouds. Moreover, the book also reports the recently derived total least squares solution of the anisotropic Procrustes model, together with its practical application in solving the exterior orientation of one image. The book is aimed at all those interested in discovering valuable innovative algorithms for solving various photogrammetric computer vision problems. In this context, where functional models are non-linear, Procrustean methods prove to be powerful since they do not require any linearization nor approximated values of the unknown parameters, furnishing at the same time results comparable in terms of accuracy with those given by the state-of-the-art methods.

This book presents a collection of high-quality research by leading experts in computer vision and its applications. Each of the 16 chapters can be read independently and discusses the principles of a specific topic, reviews up-to-date techniques, presents outcomes, and highlights the challenges and future directions. As such the book explores the latest trends in fashion creative processes, facial features detection, visual odometry, transfer learning, face recognition, feature description, plankton and scene classification, video face alignment, video searching, and object segmentation. It is intended for postgraduate students, researchers, scholars and developers who are interested in computer vision and connected research disciplines, and is also suitable for senior undergraduate students who are taking advanced courses in related topics. However, it is also provides a valuable reference resource for practitioners from industry who want to keep abreast of recent developments in this dynamic, exciting and profitable research field.

This special compendium introduces the basic principles, typical methods and practical techniques of 2D computer vision. The volume comprehensively covers the introductory content of computer vision and the materials are selected based on courses conducted in the past 20 years.The useful textbook provides numerous examples and self-test questions (including hints and answers) through intuitive explanations to help readers understand abstract concepts.This unique reference text provides the first computer vision course service for undergraduates of related majors in university and colleges. It also allows teachers to carry out online courses and strengthen teacher-student interaction when teaching.

This book explores mathematics in a wide variety of applications, ranging from problems in electronics, energy and the environment, to mechanics and mechatronics. The book gathers 81 contributions submitted to the 20th European Conference on Mathematics for Industry, ECMI 2018, which was held in Budapest, Hungary in June 2018. The application areas include: Applied Physics, Biology and Medicine, Cybersecurity, Data Science, Economics, Finance and Insurance, Energy, Production Systems, Social Challenges, and Vehicles and Transportation. In turn, the mathematical technologies discussed include: Combinatorial Optimization, Cooperative Games, Delay Differential Equations, Finite Elements, Hamilton-Jacobi Equations, Impulsive Control, Information Theory and Statistics, Inverse Problems, Machine Learning, Point Processes, Reaction-Diffusion Equations, Risk Processes, Scheduling Theory, Semidefinite Programming, Stochastic Approximation, Spatial Processes, System Identification, and Wavelets. The goal of the European Consortium for Mathematics in Industry (ECMI) conference series is to promote interaction between academia and industry, leading to innovations in both fields. These events have attracted leading experts from business, science and academia, and have promoted the application of novel mathematical technologies to industry. They have also encouraged industrial sectors to share challenging problems where mathematicians can provide fresh insights and perspectives. Lastly, the ECMI conferences are one of the main forums in which significant advances in industrial mathematics are presented, bringing together prominent figures from business, science and academia to promote the use of innovative mathematics in industry.

Complex illumination and meteorological conditions can significantly limit the robustness of robotic vision systems. This book focuses on image pre-processing for robot vision in complex illumination and dynamic weather conditions. It systematically covers cutting-edge models and algorithms, approaching them from a novel viewpoint based on studying the atmospheric physics and imaging mechanism. It provides valuable insights and practical methods such as illumination calculations, scattering modeling, shadow/highlight detection and removal, intrinsic image derivation, and rain/snow/fog removal technologies that will enable robots to be effective in diverse lighting and weather conditions, i.e., ensure their all-weather operating capacity. As such, the book offers a valuable resource for researchers, graduate students and engineers in the fields of robot engineering and computer science.

This book collects a number of papers presented at the International Conference on Sensing and Imaging, which was held at Chengdu University of Information Technology on June 5-7, 2017. Sensing and imaging is an interdisciplinary field covering a variety of sciences and techniques such as optics, electricity, magnetism, heat, sound, mathematics, and computing technology. The field has diverse applications of interest such as sensing techniques, imaging, and image processing techniques. This book will appeal to professionals and researchers within the field.

The material included in this book provides selected presentations given at the international symposium MEIS2014. The book aims to provide a unique venue where various issues in computer graphics (CG) application fields are discussed by mathematicians as well as CG researchers and practitioners. The target audience is not limited to researchers in academia but also those in industries with a strong interest in digital media creation, scientific visualization and visual engineering.

Shape perception has always been important in vision research, yet it is now attracting more interest than ever before, fueling the need for an interdisciplinary approach that bridges the fields of computer vision and human vision.

This comprehensive and authoritative text/reference presents a unique, multidisciplinary perspective on "Shape Perception in Human and Computer Vision." Rather than focusing purely on the state of the art, the book provides viewpoints from world-class researchers reflecting broadly on the issues that have shaped the field. Drawing upon many years of experience, each contributor discusses the trends followed and the progress made, in addition to identifying the major challenges that still lie ahead.

Topics and features: presents 33 contributions from an international selection of pre-eminent researchers from both the computer vision and human vision communities; examines each topic from a range of viewpoints, rather than promoting a specific paradigm; discusses topics on contours, shape hierarchies, shape grammars, shape priors, and 3D shape inference; reviews issues relating to surfaces, invariants, parts, multiple views, learning, simplicity, shape constancy and shape illusions; addresses concepts from the historically separate disciplines of computer vision and human vision using the same language and methods.

This interdisciplinary collection is essential reading for students and researchers seeking to understand the broader landscape of the problem in order to build their expertise on a firm foundation.

Deep learning algorithms have brought a revolution to the computer vision community by introducing non-traditional and efficient solutions to several image-related problems that had long remained unsolved or partially addressed. This book presents a collection of eleven chapters where each individual chapter explains the deep learning principles of a specific topic, introduces reviews of up-to-date techniques, and presents research findings to the computer vision community. The book covers a broad scope of topics in deep learning concepts and applications such as accelerating the convolutional neural network inference on field-programmable gate arrays, fire detection in surveillance applications, face recognition, action and activity recognition, semantic segmentation for autonomous driving, aerial imagery registration, robot vision, tumor detection, and skin lesion segmentation as well as skin melanoma classification. The content of this book has been organized such that each chapter can be read independently from the others. The book is a valuable companion for researchers, for postgraduate and possibly senior undergraduate students who are taking an advanced course in related topics, and for those who are interested in deep learning with applications in computer vision, image processing, and pattern recognition.

Recently, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of sensors in the non-visible bands. As a result, there is a need for existing computer vision methods and algorithms to be adapted for use with non-visible sensors, or for the development of completely new methods and systems. Computer Vision Beyond the Visible Spectrum is the first book to bring together state-of-the-art work in this area. It presents new & pioneering research across the electromagnetic spectrum in the military, commercial, and medical domains. By providing a detailed examination of each of these areas, it focuses on the development of state-of-the-art algorithms and looks at how they can be used to solve existing & new challenges within computer vision. Essential reading for academics & industrial researchers working in the area of computer vision, image processing, and medical imaging, it will also be useful background reading for advanced undergraduate & postgraduate students.

This book proposes tools for analysis of multidimensional and metric data, by establishing a state-of-the-art of the existing solutions and developing new ones. It mainly focuses on visual exploration of these data by a human analyst, relying on a 2D or 3D scatter plot display obtained through Dimensionality Reduction. Performing diagnosis of an energy system requires identifying relations between observed monitoring variables and the associated internal state of the system. Dimensionality reduction, which allows to represent visually a multidimensional dataset, constitutes a promising tool to help domain experts to analyse these relations. This book reviews existing techniques for visual data exploration and dimensionality reduction such as tSNE and Isomap, and proposes new solutions to challenges in that field. In particular, it presents the new unsupervised technique ASKI and the supervised methods ClassNeRV and ClassJSE. Moreover, MING, a new approach for local map quality evaluation is also introduced. These methods are then applied to the representation of expert-designed fault indicators for smart-buildings, I-V curves for photovoltaic systems and acoustic signals for Li-ion batteries.

Image processing and machine vision are fields of renewed interest in the commercial market. People in industry, managers, and technical engineers are looking for new technologies to move into the market. Many of the most promising developments are taking place in the field of image processing and its applications. The book offers a broad coverage of advances in a range of topics in image processing and machine vision.

As a graduate student at Ohio State in the mid-1970s, I inherited a unique c- puter vision laboratory from the doctoral research of previous students. They had designed and built an early frame-grabber to deliver digitized color video from a (very large) electronic video camera on a tripod to a mini-computer (sic) with a (huge ) disk drive-about the size of four washing machines. They had also - signed a binary image array processor and programming language, complete with a user's guide, to facilitate designing software for this one-of-a-kindprocessor. The overall system enabled programmable real-time image processing at video rate for many operations. I had the whole lab to myself. I designed software that detected an object in the eldofview, trackeditsmovementsinrealtime, anddisplayedarunningdescription of the events in English. For example: "An object has appeared in the upper right corner...Itismovingdownandtotheleft...Nowtheobjectisgettingcloser...The object moved out of sight to the left"-about like that. The algorithms were simple, relying on a suf cient image intensity difference to separate the object from the background (a plain wall). From computer vision papers I had read, I knew that vision in general imaging conditions is much more sophisticated. But it worked, it was great fun, and I was hooked.