Mobile phones are revolutionised the communication process and becoming all-in-one magical device for anytime and anywhere communication. The last decade has seen a flourish in the number of mobile based agro-advisory service initiatives in the developing countries and more are added regularly in some part of the world. Services that started with farmers help-lines accessed through landlines and messages (SMS) have evolved slowly to multimodal and multimedia based delivery of advisory and to m-agriculture applications for smartphones. In this rapidly changing m-Agriculture scenario, this book is an attempt to document the evolution of mobile phone based agro-advisory services around the world. The content of the book comprises of country s on mobile phone applications for agricultural extension from Asia, Africa, Latin America and Europe along with s on global review on m-agriculture initiatives, content generation process and socio-economic impact of mobile phone based agro-advisory services. This book delves into the development of mobile phone based agro-advisory and their content, delivery mode, business model and utility and provides an insight into the evolution of mobile phones as an extension tool in different countries across the globe. The book will provide valuable insights on m-agriculture initiatives for agricultural extension around the world to agricultural students, extension professionals, researchers and policy makers across the globe both for understanding them and working on them. The lessons from the m-agriculture initiatives can guide the mode of implementation and evolution of mobile based advisory services in agriculture.

Wireless sensor networks have gained significant attention industrially and academically due to their wide range of uses in various fields. Because of their vast amount of applications, wireless sensor networks are vulnerable to a variety of security attacks. The protection of wireless sensor networks remains a challenge due to their resource-constrained nature, which is why researchers have begun applying several branches of artificial intelligence to advance the security of these networks. Research is needed on the development of security practices in wireless sensor networks by using smart technologies. Deep Learning Strategies for Security Enhancement in Wireless Sensor Networks provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical advancements of security protocols in wireless sensor networks using artificial intelligence-based techniques. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as clustering protocols, intrusion detection, and energy harvesting, this book is ideally designed for researchers, developers, IT professionals, educators, policymakers, practitioners, scientists, theorists, engineers, academicians, and students seeking current research on integrating intelligent techniques into sensor networks for more reliable security practices.

Microwave and Millimeter-wave Antenna Design for 5G Smartphone Applications In-depth and practical coverage of design considerations for 5G antennas In Microwave and Millimeter-wave Antenna Design for 5G Smartphone Applications, two distinguished researchers deliver a holistic, multidisciplinary approach to antenna design methodologies. The book covers approaches ranging from sub-6GHz microwave to the millimeter-wave spectrum, explaining how microwave and millimeter-wave 5G antennas coexist and function, both independently and collaboratively. The book offers coverage of key considerations for designing millimeter-wave 5G antennas within space-constrained mobile devices, as well as practical concerns, like cost, fabrication yield, and heat dissipation. Readers will also find explorations of the likely future directions of 5G antenna evolution, as well as: A thorough introduction to basic concepts in 5G FR1 Band mobile antenna design, including discussions of antenna placement, element design, and topologies Comprehensive explorations of antenna feeding mechanisms and impedance matching, including chassis considerations and effects Practical discussions of frequency tunable millimeter-wave 5G antenna-in-package Fulsome treatments of compact millimeter-wave 5G antenna solutions and millimeter-wave antenna-on-display technologies for 5G mobile devices Perfect for antenna, microwave, communications, and radio-frequency engineers, Microwave and Millimeter-wave Antenna Design for 5G Smartphone Applications will also benefit graduate students, policymakers, regulators, and researchers with an interest in communications and antennas.

A fibre Bragg grating (FBG) is a type of distributed Bragg reflector constructed in a short segment of optical fibre that reflects particular wavelengths of light and transmits all the others. As such, FBGs can be used as inline optical filters to block certain wavelengths, or as wavelength-specific reflectors. Applications include optical fibre communications, sensors and fibre lasers. This book addresses the critical challenge of developing Fibre Bragg Gratings (FBGs) for applications as sensors in harsh and space environment. Coverage ranges from the basic principles through design, fabrication, and testing to their industrial implementation. A thorough review includes the in-depth examination of the FBGs properties and the most important developments in devices and applications. A particular emphasis is given to the applications of fibre optic sensors in the space environment, which is characterized mainly by vacuum, high thermal gradients, mechanical vibrations and various types of cosmic radiation. The book concludes with a summary and overview of challenges faced by FBG technology. The book is supplemented by an extensive survey of published papers, books and conference reports. As an added benefit, the book is structured in such a way as to provide useful and in-depth training and skills development to graduate/undergraduate students, specialised engineers, and academic/industrial experts.

With near-universal internet access and ever-advancing electronic devices, the ability to facilitate interactions between various hardware and software provides endless possibilities. Though internet of things (IoT) technology is becoming more popular among individual users and companies, more potential applications of this technology are being sought every day. There is a need for studies and reviews that discuss the methodologies, concepts, and possible problems of a technology that requires little or no human interaction between systems. The Handbook of Research on the Internet of Things Applications in Robotics and Automation is a pivotal reference source on the methods and uses of advancing IoT technology. While highlighting topics including traffic information systems, home security, and automatic parking, this book is ideally designed for network analysts, telecommunication system designers, engineers, academicians, technology specialists, practitioners, researchers, students, and software developers seeking current research on the trends and functions of this life-changing technology.

This book explores new methods, architectures, tools, and algorithms for Artificial Intelligence Hardware Accelerators. The authors have structured the material to simplify readers’ journey toward understanding the aspects of designing hardware accelerators, complex AI algorithms, and their computational requirements, along with the multifaceted applications. Coverage focuses broadly on the hardware aspects of training, inference, mobile devices, and autonomous vehicles (AVs) based AI accelerators

Location-aware computing is a technology that uses the location (provides granular geographical information) of people and objects to derive contextual information. Today, one can obtain this location information free of cost through smartphones. Smartphones with location enabled applications have revolutionized the ways in which people perform their activities and get benefits from the automated services. It especially helps to get details of services in less time; wherever the user may be and whenever they want. The need for smartphones and location enabled applications has been growing year after year. Nowadays no one can leave without their phone; the phone seemingly becomes one of the parts of the human body. The individual can now be predicted by their phone and the identity of the phone becomes the person's identity. Though there is a tremendous need for location-enabled applications with smartphones, the debate on privacy and security related to location data has also been growing. Privacy and Security Challenges in Location Aware Computing provides the latest research on privacy enhanced location-based applications development and exposes the necessity of location privacy preservation, as well as issues and challenges related to protecting the location data. It also suggests solutions for enhancing the protection of location privacy and therefore users' privacy as well. The chapters highlight important topic areas such as video surveillance in human tracking/detection, geographical information system design, cyberspace attacks and warfare, and location aware security systems. The culmination of these topics creates a book that is ideal for security analysts, mobile application developers, practitioners, academicians, students, and researchers.

In recent years, modern society has experienced an increased use of online discourse. Due to continuous advances in technology, the ongoing transition away from face-to-face communications has steadily caused the communication gap to widen. Solutions for High-Touch Communications in a High-Tech World is a pivotal source of research for identifying new approaches for face-to-face communication, opportunities to create social bonding and social capital, and taking advantage of the full communication cycle. Featuring extensive coverage across a range of relevant perspectives and topics, such as social networking theory, conflict resolution, and interpersonal communications, this book is ideally designed for professionals, managers, researchers, students and academicians interested in perspectives on communication in the digital age.

Knowledge Management is the process by which an organization identifies, creates, manages and delivers information to enhance workforce performance.KM is a discipline that promotes an integrated approach to identifying, capturing, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing all of an enterprise's information assets. These assets may include databases, documents, policies, procedures, and previously un-captured expertise and experience in individual workers. All these issues are covered in thirty three s in the book broadly divided into the following five sections. Fundamentals of Knowledge Management, Latest Tools and Techniques for Knowledge Management, Databases, Data mining, Knowledge Discovery in Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Data mining and Knowledge Discovery in Agriculture and Allied Fields, Indigenous Knowledge Protection and IPR Issues The book contains original research and case studies by academic and research contributors on strategies, tools, techniques and technologies for Knowledge Management. The focus of this book is on the identification of innovative KM strategies and the application of theoretical concepts to real-world situations. This first serves as a complete introduction to the concepts and principles of KM, starting with basics of data, information, knowledge and wisdom. Clarified differences among Explicit, Implicit and Tacit Knowledge. The book also covers traditional KM approaches as well as emerging topics such as cloud computing, Semantic Web, Rough Computing, Fuzzy logic, Artificial intelligence, Machine learning, social networks, Tools and Techniques for Geo Spatial Data Knowledge Discovery. The focus of the book is on how KM impacts organizations and individuals and steps that should be taken to maximize benefits, including directions for how to select, develop, and evaluate KM systems.

Smart City and sensing platforms are considered some of the most significant topics in the Internet of Things (IoT). Sensors are at the heart of the IoT, and their development is a key issue if such concepts are to achieve their full potential. This book addresses the major challenges in realizing smart city and sensing platforms in the era of the IoT and the Cloud. Challenges vary from cost and energy efficiency to availability and service quality. To tackle these challenges, sensors must meet certain expectations and requirements such as size constraints, manufacturing costs and resistance to environmental factors. This book focuses on both the design and implementation aspects for smart city and sensing applications that are enabled and supported by IoT paradigms. Attention is also given to data delivery approaches and performance aspects.

The integration of sliding mode in engineering systems has been a focus of research for many years. However, the use of this method in non-engineering systems still requires a better understanding. Sliding Mode in Intellectual Control and Communication: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a pivotal reference source that intends to fill the gap of available knowledge on characteristics of sliding mode in non-engineering contexts. Highlighting a range of pertinent topics such as information processing, intelligent agents, and virtual communications, this book is ideally designed for researchers, academics, students, and professionals interested in the latest developments in sliding mode techniques and applications.