ConieD is the biannual Congress on Computers in Education, organised by the Spanish Association for the Development of Computers in Education (ADIE). The last Congress, held in Puertollano (Ciudad Real), brought together researchers in different areas, ranging from web applications, educational environments, or Human-Computer Interaction to Artificial Intelligence in Education. The common leitmotiv of the major part of the lectures was the World Wide Web. In particular, the focus was on the real possibilities that this media presents in order to make the access of students to educational resources possible anywhere and anytime. This fact was highlighted in the Conclusions of the Congress following this Preface as the Introduction. From the full 92 papers presented to the Programme Committee we have selected the best 24 papers that we are presenting in this book. The selection of papers was a very difficult process, taking into account that the papers presented in the Congress (60) were all good enough to appear in this book. Only the restrictions of the extension of this book have limited the number of papers to 24. These papers represent the current high-quality contributions of Spanish research groups in Computers in Education. Manuel Ortega Cantero Jose Bravo Rodriguez Editors xiii Introduction ConieD'99 (1st National Congress on Computers in Education) has brought together a very important group of Spanish and Latin American researchers devoted to studying the application and use of computers in education."

This book analyzes the nature and requirements of workplace e-learning based on relevant theories such as adult learning, community of practice, organizational learning, and the systems thinking. By integrating considerations on organization, pedagogy and technology, a performance-oriented e-learning framework is then presented, where performance measurement is used to: 1) clarify and link organizational goals and individual learning needs, 2) direct learning towards work performance; and 3) support social communication and knowledge sharing and management in the workplace. E-learning and related emerging technologies have been increasingly used by organizations to enhance the skills and performance of knowledge workers. However, most of the efforts tend to focus on the technology, ignoring the organizational context and relevant pedagogies of workplace learning. Many e-learning projects in the workplace settings fail to connect learning with work performance and align organizational goals and individual needs in a systemic way. Moreover, there is insufficient effort on externalizing and transferring tacit knowledge embedded in practices and expertise, based on which to maintain and expand knowledge assets for sustainable development. The book presents a systemic theoretical framework, design principles, and implementation methods, together with a case study to demonstrate the use and effectiveness of the performance-oriented approach to workplace e-learning, in which organizational, social and individual perspectives are integrated in a systemic way. The performance-oriented approach to workplace e-learning enables self-regulated and socially constructed learning activities to be clearly motivated and driven towards the goal of performance improvement, and makes learning at the organizational, social and individual levels integrated in a systemic way. The effects of individual and social learning support and organizational learning environment on employees' motivation to use performance-oriented e-learning are also investigated.

Although a few books are available on the use of computers in the school office, this book is the first one addressing the topic of computer-assisted school information systems (SISs) for an international audience, based on both practical and scientific international collaborative research. This book: analyzes the nature of SISs, their intended benefits and history; presents the development strategies and the characteristics of three SISs that are widely used in various parts of the world; reviews what has been learned from the research over the last decade to inform successful design and implementation of SISs; presents exciting perspectives on the future of SISs from experts, vendors, and users; and reflects on what needs to be done to promote the full utilization of SISs by clerical and managerial school staff through better system design, user support, and continuing research. The book has been written for an international audience of students, researchers, system designers and implementers, practitioners and policy-makers in developing as well as in developed countries. It will also be of benefit to professionals in the field of school administration and school management to help them promote better use of SIS in their own context by learning from the experience of others.

This volume sheds light on debates about personalised learning in teacher education by exploring the popular emergence of personalising learning in education and hence its significance in teacher education in the 21st century. It examines personalising learning theory and explores the tenets of this theory and its recent trends in international settings. The theory is explored in relation to both general and higher education pedagogy, and in a range of examples within a teacher education context. The examples from practice provide insights into maximising the potential for personalising learning theory to enhance teaching, learning and assessment in teacher education. The book includes case studies involving pre-service teachers working in communities of practice with one another, with schools and with the wider community. Examples of technology for personalising learning are also described. All the case studies demonstrate how the learner is made central to the teaching and assessment approaches adopted and contributes to a lifelong learning continuum. Providing insights into a new pedagogy for teacher education that leads to an enriched student experience, the book presents a model for personalising learning in teacher education that offers support for 21st century teacher educators.

These proceedings derive from an international conference on the history of computing and education. This conference is the third of hopefully a series of conferences that will take place within the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and hence, we describe it as the "Third IFIP Conference on the History of Computing and Education" or simply "History of Computing and Education 3" (HCE3). This volume consists of a collection of articles presented at the HCE3 conference held in association with the IFIP 2008 World Computer Congress in Milano, Italy. Articles range from a wide variety of computing perspectives and they represent activities from six continents. The HCE3 conference is an event of the IFIP Working Group 9.7 on the History of Computing, a working group of IFIP' s Technical Committee 9 (TC9) on the Relationship between Computers and Society. In addition, it is in cooperation with the IFIP Technical Committee 3 (TC3) on Education. The HCE3 conference brings to light a broad spectrum of issues. It illustrates topics in computing as they occurred in the "early days" of computing whose ramifications or overtones remain with us today. Indeed, many of the early challenges remain part of our educational tapestry; most likely, many will evolve into future challenges. Therefore, these proceedings provide additional value to the reader as it will reflect in part the future development of computing and education to stimulate new ideas and models in educational development.

This book considers several aspects of providing quality education at a distance: Quality of systems that support online learning, quality support infrastructure, quality of technical access and support, materials distribution; issues in each of these areas are considered. It contains the papers presented at the working conference of Working Group 3.6 (Distance Education) of the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP Geelong, Australia, Feb. 2003).

With the emergence of innovative technologies, the digital nature of learning environments has changed the face of education. The integration of these technologies into classroom instruction is essential for promoting student learning. Literacy Enrichment and Technology Integration in Pre-Service Teacher Education examines the various strategies to resolve the challenges of technology integrations for teachers while offering best practices for transforming education. Focusing on the future of technology integration in education; this book is an essential tool for administrators, technology leaders, faculty, teachers, technology staff, and other educational technology stakeholders in various education-related disciplines.

This handbook enables readers to gain a deep understanding of past, current, and forthcoming research and applications in the field of educational technology. Readers develop an in-depth understanding of complex theories, strategies, concepts, and methods underlying the design, development, implementation, and evaluation of educational technologies. Discussing both the current state-of-the-art as well as emerging technologies, the handbook serves as a comprehensive guide for researchers and practitioners working in education and training. This Second Edition features completely revised and updated chapters that reflect the latest developments in the field.

The Design, Experience and Practice of Networked Learning

Edited by: Vivien Hodgson, Maarten de Laat, David McConnell and Thomas Ryberg

"This book brings together a wealth of new research that opens up the meaning of connectivity as embodied and promised in the term networked learning . Chapters explore how contexts, groups and environments can be connected rather than just learners; how messy, unexpected and emergent connections can be made rather than structured and predefined ones; and how technology connects us to learning and each other, but also shapes our identity. These exciting new perspectives ask us to look again at what we are connecting and to revel in new and emergent possibilities arising from the interplay of social actors, contexts, technologies, and learning."

"Caroline Haythornthwaite, University of British Columbia"

"Despite creating fundamentally new educational economics and greatly increasing access - teaching and learning in networks is a tricky business. These chapters illuminate the complex interactions amongst tools, pedagogy, educational institutions and personal net presences helping us design and redesign our own networks. In the process, they take (or extract) network theory from the practice of real teaching and learning contexts, making this collection an important contribution to Networked Learning."

"Terry Anderson, Athabasca University"

"What kinds of learning can social networking platforms really enable? Digging well beneath the hype, this book provides a timely, incisive analysis of why and how learning emerges (or fails to) in networked spaces. The editors do a fine job in guiding the reader through the rich array of theories and methods for tackling this question, and the diverse contexts in which networked learning is now being studied. This is a book for reflective practitioners as well as academics: the book's close attention to the political, pedagogical and organisational complexity of effective practice, and the lived experience of educators and learners, helps explain why networked learning has such disruptive potential but equally, why it draws resistance from the establishment."

"Simon Buckingham Shum, The Open University"

"The networked learning conference, a biannual institution since 1998, celebrates its 14th year in this volume. Here a range of studies, reflecting networked learning experiments across Europe and other global contexts, show important shifts away from a conservative tradition of e-learning research and unpeel dilemmas of promoting learning as an elusive practice in virtual environments. The authors point towards important futures in online learning research, where notions of knowledge, connectivity and community become increasingly elastic, and engagements slide across material and virtual domains in new practices whose emergence is increasingly difficult to apprehend."

""

"Tara Fenwick University of Stirling."

The chapters in this volume explore new and innovative ways of thinking about the nature of networked learning and its pedagogical values and beliefs. They pose a challenge to us to reflect on what we thought networked learning was 15 year ago, where it is today and where it is likely to be headed.

Each chapter brings a particular perspective to the themes of design, experience and practice of networked learning, the chosen focus of the book. The chapters in the book embrace a wide field of educational areas including those of higher education, informal learning, work-based learning, continuing professional development, academic staff development, and management learning.

The Design, Experience and Practice of Networked Learning will prove indispensable reading for researchers, teachers, consultants, and instructional designers in higher and continuing education; for those involved in staff and educational development, and for those studying post graduate qualifications in learning and teaching.

This, the second volume in the Springer Book Series on Researching Networked Learning, is based on a selection of papers presented at the 2012 Networked Learning Conference held in Maastricht, The Netherlands."

Instruction tailored to the individual student, learning and teaching outside the limits of time and space-ideas that were once considered science fiction are now educational reality, with the prospect of an intelligent Web 3.0 not far distant. Alongside these innovations exists an emerging set of critical-thinking challenges, as Internet users create content and learners (and teachers) take increased responsibility in their work. Learning and Instruction in the Digital Age nimbly balances the technological and pedagogical aspects of these rapid changes, gathering papers from noted researchers on a wealth of topics relating to cognitive approaches to learning and teaching, mental models, online learning, communications, and innovative educational technologies, among them:

• Cognition and student-centered, Web-based learning,
• The progression of mental models throughout a course of instruction,
• Experiencing education with 3D virtual worlds,
• Expanding educational boundaries through multi-school collaboration,
• Adapting e-learning to different learning styles,
• The student blog as reflective diary.

With its blend of timely ideas and forward thinking, Learning and Instruction in the Digital Age will enrich the work of researchers in educational psychology, educational technology, and cognitive science.

This book includes instructional design and practice of how immersive technology is integrated in discipline-based and interdisciplinary curriculum design. It focuses on pedagogical models and learning outcomes of immersive learning experiences and demonstrates how immersive learning can be applied in industries. This book brings scholars, researchers and educators together around an international and interdisciplinary consolidation and reflection on learning through immersion. The originality lies in how advanced technology and contemporary pedagogical models can integrate to enhance student engagement and learning effectiveness in higher education.

This book reviews a blend of artificial intelligence (AI) approaches that can take e-learning to the next level by adding value through customization. It investigates three methods: crowdsourcing via social networks; user profiling through machine learning techniques, and personal learning portfolios using learning analytics. Technology and education have drawn closer together over the years as they complement each other within the domain of e-learning, and different generations of online education reflect the evolution of new technologies as researcher and developers continuously seek to optimize the electronic medium to enhance the effectiveness of e-learning. Artificial intelligence (AI) for e-learning promises personalized online education through a combination of different intelligent techniques that are grounded in established learning theories while at the same time addressing a number of common e-learning issues. This book is intended for education technologists and e-learning researchers as well as for a general readership interested in the evolution of online education based on techniques like machine learning, crowdsourcing, and learner profiling that can be merged to characterize the future of personalized e-learning.

This book provides an overview of the design and development of learning games using examples from those created by the authors over last decade. It provides lessons learned about processes, successful approaches, and pitfalls that befall developers of learning games and educational transmedia experiences. The book includes stories from the authors' lives that give context to why and how they built these products to help the reader understand whether or not building a learning game is right for them and what challenges they might face. It also gives a framework for thinking ethically about design and research when it comes to designing complex digital systems like educational games.

Chinese language edition The purpose of this practical guide is to facilitate college students' academic success by fostering self-regulated learning skills or learning to learn through the use of Integrative Learning Technologies (ILT). It enables the college instructor, online instructor, instructional developer, or educator to envision, plan for, and implement customised instructional and curricular designs that foster learning to learn and motivate students to take ownership of their own learning. Specifically, this book demonstrates how college faculty who use Learning Management Systems (LMS) as well as emerging technologies such as Web 2.0 applications and social software can design learning tasks and course assignments that support and promote student: goal setting use of effective task strategies self-monitoring and self-evaluation time management help seeking motivation and affect Given the emphasis on retention of freshmen as a measure of institutional effectiveness, the focus on student success, and the increasing use of ILT in higher education, this book fulfils a dire need in the literature on the integration of technology and self-regulated learning.

The Race To The Top program strongly advocates the use of computer technology in assessments. It dramatically promotes computer-based testing, linear or adaptive, in K-12 state assessment programs. Moreover, assessment requirements driven by this federal initiative exponentially increase the complexity in assessment design and test development. This book provides readers with a review of the history and basics of computer-based tests. It also offers a macro perspective for designing such assessment systems in the K-12 setting as well as a micro perspective on new challenges such as innovative items, scoring of such items, cognitive diagnosis, and vertical scaling for growth modelling and value added approaches to assessment. The editors' goal is to provide readers with necessary information to create a smarter computer-based testing system by following the advice and experience of experts from education as well as other industries. This book is based on a conference (http://marces.org/workshop.htm) held by the Maryland Assessment Research Centre for Education Success. It presents multiple perspectives including test vendors and state departments of education, in designing and implementing a computer-based test in the K-12 setting. The design and implementation of such a system requires deliberate planning and thorough considerations. The advice and experiences presented in this book serve as a guide to practitioners and as a good source of information for quality control. The technical issues discussed in this book are relatively new and unique to K-12 large-scale computer-based testing programs, especially due to the recent federal policy. Several chapters provide possible solutions to psychometricians dealing with the technical challenges related to innovative items, cognitive diagnosis, and growth modelling in computer-based linear or adaptive tests in the K-12 setting.

Hardbound. This book examines how the higher education environment is being shaped by new information technologies, with a particular focus on technologies based in the Internet. The work will illustrate a vision of how virtual universities and their elements are emerging, and of how they can be shaped to the needs of knowledge-based societies. It will also examine what requirements and policies are necessary to effect the worldwide transformation of educational systems, especially given the disparate needs and capabilities across countries.

This book fills the need for a text that integrates Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) into English for Specific Purposes (ESP). It offers insights on current methodological principles in ESP in both academic and professional contexts, drawing on authentic teaching and learning situations, and analyses best practice guidelines. Part I begins with ESP pedagogical principles and technological practice in order to focus on its two main branches: English for Academic Purposes, which includes linguistic skills and students' needs, and English for Occupational Purposes, specifically looking at Business, Medical and Translators courses. This book is a great resource for ESP researchers, educators and students, because it provides case studies of how ICTs can be used in English for multiple purposes. Authors present their experiences of integrating tools into their instructions, with each chapter contributing unique pedagogical implications.

Selected Styles in Web-Based Educational Research is concerned with the most common research styles in Web-based teaching or learning. It is intended for practitioners, educators and students, who wish to learn how to conduct research in online teaching and learning, and helps define style in educational research methodology. To enhance understanding, the writing style is conversational with detailed learning objectives, activities, procedures and illustrations to help the reader understand several common research styles.

Advancing technologies are rapidly modifying the current state of business and society causing an expansion of possible career opportunities. In order to stay competitive, institutions of education must provide an emphasis on the wide-range of skills and experiences needed to contribute to a 21st century workforce. As new technologies emerge and even disrupt, there will be a demand for new forms of education and deeper learning. Disruptive and Emerging Technology Trends Across Education and the Workplace is a collection of innovative research on the latest instructive methods being utilized in classrooms and organizations as well as the benefits and challenges of adopting these technologies. While highlighting topics including mobile learning, augmented reality, and cryptocurrencies, this book is ideally designed for developers, professionals, educators, managers, researchers, scientists, stakeholders, strategists, practitioners, and students seeking current research on new forms of educational techniques in relation to the continued application of new technologies in the workplace.

An all-encompassing guide to the business, engineering, and regulatory factors shaping the growth of the distance learning industry. This book examines potential providers, users, applications, and problem solutions, and includes actual case studies. An outstanding reference for educators, network service providers, public policy makers, and graduate level engineering students specializing in telecommunications.

This book combines information communication technology (ICT) with the creative interdisciplinary teaching approach known as STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics). It introduces STEM and Creative Education and shows (through examples and creative activities) the importance and impact that ICT has for STEM and modern education. The book describes the audio visual classroom, the use of the Internet, Social Networking and STEM and provides STEM lessons for both the real and virtual worlds. Instructors will find this unique textbook to be very useful with students, of various ages, in creative education and engineering classes. This special book offers something for everyone. It serves as a guide for teachers in charge of science fairs and creative classes, especially those which require STEM education. It also includes activities to help develop creative thinking and problem-solving skills and prepares students who plan to become teachers and mentors of the future. Readers in general can simultaneously enjoy and learn about ICT's impact on STEM and modern education. In addition, e-learning designers and administrators who want to introduce e-learning systems into their organizations can refer to this book as a reference and a resource. The book complements most e-learning and ICT education books which generally focus too much on technical issues.

In this book we outline an optimistic, aspirational and unashamedly ambitious agenda for schooling. We make cautious use of the concept of 'future proofing' to signal the commitment of the various authors to re-thinking the purposes, content and processes of schooling with a view to ensuring that all children, from all backgrounds are prepared by their education to make a positive contribution to the futures that are ahead of them. The book focuses on issues relating to technology and social justice to re-examine the traditional relationship between schools and technology, between schools and diverse learners, and between schools, children and knowledge. Drawing from examples from around the world, the book explores practical ways that diverse schools have worked to celebrate diverse understandings of what it means to be a learner, a citizen, a worker in these changed and changing times and the ways different technologies can support this agenda.

Most of the chapters in this book are extended papers from Research Learning in Virtual Environments (reLIVE08), an international conference held by the UK Open University in Milton Keynes in November 2008. Authors of the best papers and presentations from the conferences were invited to contribute to Research Learning in Virtual Worlds, the first book to specifically address research methods and related issues for education in virtual worlds.

The book covers a range of research undertaken in virtual worlds. It opens with an accessible introduction both to the book and to the subject area, making it an ideal springboard for those who are new to research in this area. The subsequent ten chapters present work covering a range of research methodologies across a broad discipline base, providing essential reading for advanced undergraduate or postgraduate researchers working in education in virtual worlds, and engaging background material for researchers in similar and related disciplines.

Implementing and Researching Technological Innovation in Language Teaching takes a case study approach to investigate the integration of the interactive whiteboard (IWB) into the teaching of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in French schools. The study highlights the advantages of collaborative action research for stimulating and supporting language teachers in innovative experimentation, and seeks to enhance our understanding of the challenges and opportunities inherent in this process. Utilising a framework which can inform further research into innovative practices with other interactive technologies, this book offers a research design and instruments suitable for assessing classroom adoption of the IWB. In this way, the study provides insights into general processes of technological innovation in language teaching and learning which is of relevance to further research and teacher development in today's new learning environments.