Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI). It affects genital and oral mucosa and is associated with cellular lesions which can progress to cervical cancer and some head and neck cancers respectively. In this handbook, the authors present current research on the prevalence, detection and management of HPV. Topics include HPV in adolescents; clinical utility of HPV testing in cervical cancer screening; HPV epidemiology in females and risk for cervical cancer; HPV infection in pregnant women; immunogenicity of HPV vaccination; HPV in systemic rheumatic disorders; prevalence and distribution of HPV 16, 18 and 58 in Southeast Mexico; the triad of HPV-oral sex-and oral cancer; HPV related malignancies of the reproductive tract; in silico characterisation of major capsid protein L1 of HPV type 16 by molecular dynamics and determination of linear B-cell consensus epitopes; the role of HPV in non-small cell lung cancer; and the statistical aspects of HPV modelling in a quantitative manner.

Dermal fibroblasts are the most numerous cells within the dermal layer of skin. The main function of fibroblasts is to preserve the structural integrity of skin through constantly secreting extracellular matrix. Various factors diversely affect the secretion activities of fibroblasts and may lead to varying disease processes (eg: solar damage and wrinkles). This book gathers important cutting-edge research in the field of fibroblasts covering characterisation of fibroblasts and their roles in multiple disease processes such as hypertrophic scarring, ageing/photoaging, diabetic wound healing, cancer, and pachydermoperiostosis. In addition, the chapters also deal with the stem cell-like properties of fibroblasts, which sheds new light on the commonly used definition of fibroblasts and provides novel insights into many past studies performed with fibroblast preparations, since the reported effects might be greatly attributable to stem cell content within these fibroblasts. Additionally, this book features an introduction of the reprogramming of dermal fibroblasts into patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that can be converted into varying terminally differentiated cells. Application of iPSCs is a rapidly developing research field because reprogrammed iPSCs from dermal fibroblasts provides a great tool for studying molecular mechanisms of disease, development, and tissue regeneration. This book is certain to have broad appeal and should provide a useful resource for researchers, students, teachers, and physicians interested in the field.

In spite of tremendous advances in the field, the current understanding of pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) remains limited. Furthermore, the correct diagnosis and effective therapy of this heterogeneous group of clonal haematological disorders represent a common challenge in daily practice of haematology. This book provides a thorough, up-to-date, and comprehensive review of different aspects of MDS. Chapters are written by selected investigators and clinicians with specific expertise and track record of research in the field. Of particular interest, the clinical chapters provide a practical approach to the treatment of patients with different manifestations of the disease. This book would be a useful asset to researchers in the field as well as haematologists in practice. Other health care members such as haematology fellows in training, residents, medical students and nurses will also find this book helpful for better understanding of the disease and clinical management of patients with MDS.

Osteoporosis currently affects 25 million people in the United States, and as the baby boomers enter their fifties, this bone-weakening disease is poised to strike millions more. Because of this disease, many older people will suffer from a bone fracture at some point , and far too many of these fractures will result in permanent disability. The good news is that this devastating "silent epidemic" is entirely preventable, and in The Osteoporosis Book, readers of all ages will find everything they need to know to slow, stop, and even reverse the bone loss that causes this crippling disease. Written by Dr. Nancy E. Lane, a leading investigator and clinician in the field of osteoporosis, it is an indispensable guide to the exciting medical breakthroughs that have taken place in the past few years--in bone density measurement, in estrogen therapy, and in our knowledge of the bone cycle--that now allow doctors to predict who is at risk and to monitor these individuals in their fifties, before a fracture occurs. Readers learn to evaluate--and whenever possible, eliminate--the risk factors in their own lives. "What vitamins should I take? Is hormone replacement therapy right for me? And what about exercise?" The answers are here. And for those already affected by osteoporosis, Dr. Lane provides the most effective and up-to-date medical and practical advice available anywhere for coping with its aches and pains and safeguarding against further deterioration. Impeccably researched and reassuringly accessible, The Osteoporosis Book empowers readers to make informed healthcare choices that will enhance the quality of their lives for decades to come. It has been endorsed by the National Osteoporosis Foundation.

It is for the first time that experimentally induced generation and isolation of cancer stem cells (CSC), with the fusion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) in vivo, is contained as content in this book. This methodology can be extended to the use of stem cells of totipotent, pluripotent and even multipotent lineages. This book consists of important and novel reports that the stem cell scientific community should further undertake.

Do you or someone you know have Lupus? Researchers still don't know what exactly causes lupus or how to cure it. Lupus is difficult to diagnose because it is similar to many other diseases. There also doesn't seem to be any reason for someone to contract the disease except for that it is nine times more likely to attack women than it is to attack men. So what exactly is lupus? Lupus is a disease of the immune system. Once a patient has been diagnosed with Lupus, they will be wondering how to live a normal life, when everything they have read makes it seem like that won't be possible. Learn about the best things a person with Lupus can do to have a great life. Read about the causes of Lupus, the signs and symptoms to look for, the types of Lupus and much more.

National Hospital Discharge Survey Data indicate that 86,000 people with diabetes in the United States underwent one or more lower-extremity amputations in 1996. Diabetes is the leading cause of amputation of the lower limbs. Yet it is clear that as many as half of these amputations might be prevented through simple but effective foot care practices. The 1993 landmark study, the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, conclusively showed that keeping blood glucose, as measured by hemoglobin A1c, as close to normal as possible significantly slows the onset and progression of diabetic nerve and vascular complications, which can lead to lower extremity amputations. People who have diabetes are vulnerable to nerve and vascular damage that can result in loss of protective sensation in the feet, poor circulation, and poor healing of foot ulcers. All of these conditions contribute to the high amputation rate in people with diabetes. The absence of nerve and vascular symptoms, however, does not mean that a patient's feet are not at risk. Risk of ulceration cannot be assessed without careful examination of the patient's bare feet. Early identification of foot problems and early intervention to prevent problems from worsening can avert many amputations. Good foot care, therefore, is an essential part of diabetes management - for patients as well as for health care providers. This kit is designed for primary care and other health care providers who counsel people with diabetes about preventive health care practices, particularly foot care. "Feet Can Last a Lifetime" is designed to help you implement four basic steps for preventive foot care in your practice: Early identification of the high risk diabetic foot, Early diagnosis of foot problems, Early intervention to prevent further deterioration that may lead to amputation, and Patient education for proper care of the feet and footwear.

Wendy Lawson has an autism spectrum disorder. Considered to be intellectually disabled and "almost incapable of doing as she is told" at school, she was later misdiagnosed as schizophrenic - a label that stuck with her for more than 25 years.;Her sense of self was then non-existent, but Wendy is now a mother of four with two university degrees; she is a social worker and adult educator, and operates her own business. She is also a poet and writer, sharing her understanding of autism with others to help "build a bridge ...from my world to theirs". This book is part of that bridge.

Given that micro-organisms are everywhere, they naturally appear in plants and animals. A small percentage of these micro-organisms are pathogenic and, therefore, require control measures. It could be thought that finding a microbial etiological agent in a food could be very useful. But, maybe, the detection in foods of micro-organisms will only be tackled when an outbreak occurs. This book focuses on how to prevent and survive food-borne diseases.

An interactive text, Cases in Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, helps students better understand the clinical importance of the basic science concepts presented in medical microbiology or infectious disease courses. The cases are presented as "unknowns" and represent actual case presentations of patients the authors have encountered. Each case is accompanied by several questions to test knowledge in four broad areas including the organism's characteristics and laboratory diagnosis; pathogenesis and clinical characteristics of the infection; epidemiology; and prevention and, in some cases, drug resistance and treatment. This title is published by the American Society of Microbiology Press and distributed by Taylor and Francis in rest of world territories.

Low and middle income countries in Africa, Asia and Latin America bear a significant proportion of the global burden of chronic non-communicable diseases. This book synthesizes evidence across countries that share similar socio-economic, developmental and public health profiles, including rapid urbanization, globalization and poverty. Providing insights on successful and sustainable interventions and policies, it shows how to slow and reverse the rising burden of chronic diseases in resource-poor settings.

Plant-based foods such as fruit and vegetables, nuts, natural vegetable oils and whole grains are an important component of traditional diets in Mediterranean regions. A large and consistent body of scientific evidence has provided solid evidences about the role of plant food-based diet as a whole, in the prevention of degenerative diseases. This book provides an overview of the evidence describing the health-promoting benefits of the consumption of plant food-based diets, as well as an illustration of the possible mechanisms through which the protection is carried out.

Making Sense of Illness is a fascinating investigation into the social and clinical factors that determine what constitutes a "legitimate" illness in the twentieth century. By examining six case studies of diseases that have emerged within the past fifty years--from what we now consider to be "straightforward" diseases such as coronary heart disease, to the currently widely-debated Chronic Fatigue Syndrome--Aronowitz examines the historical and cultural factors that influence how doctors think about illness; how illnesses are recognized, named, classified, and finally, what they "mean" in an individual and social context. The choices that are available to the investigators, clinicians, patients and the processes by which change occurs are factors that all play a great role in "legitimizing" an illness, and these are the roles that are seldom examined. By juxtaposing the histories of each disease, Aronowitz shows how cultural and historical precedents have determined research programs, public health activities, clinical decisions, and even the patient's experience of illness. This is a must-read for anyone interested in public health and the history of medicine in the United States.

'Medical Palmistry in Practice' is an excellent guide to diagnosis of different physical and psychological disorders through analysis of nails, fingers, palm and different lines and signs of the hand. The link between 'palmistry and health' is an established fact. This book tries to present 'hand' as an indicator of health problems. The hand not only provides an early warning for forthcoming diseases, but it also serves as a guide for all physical and mental ailments. It is a work of immense diagnostic value in Medicine, equally important and helpful both for doctors and patients. It provides the useful Palmistic data for diagnosis of different physical and mental disorders. The data will have a special significance for practitioners and researchers in Medicine. A medical palmist can predict both the existing and advancing health problems, a person is facing or likely to face. 'Anything beyond normal is abnormal' is the logic used after providing a criterion for normal hand in the book. It is an important guide for all the people interested in hand-analysis from diagnostic point of view.

This authoritative and comprehensive 1996 publication looks in depth at a range of medical syndromes characterised by serious and unpredicted internal overheating of the body. These episodes may arise suddenly and unexpectedly in certain individuals, with life-threatening consequences, either as a result of heat stress, exceptional physical exertion or in response to certain common anaesthetics and some drugs, including ecstasy. The chapters focus on the full range of these syndromes, their metabolic and physiological basis, the important pre-disposing factors for the prediction of those at risk, and the medical management of these conditions. The volume includes important contributions from authors of international repute and incorporates a wealth of information from the Leeds malignant hyperthermia investigation unit. This compilation will be of interest to those wanting to understand these disorders.

One of the most important objectives of health psychology is to promote people's mental health. Mental health is a decisive factor in the daily well-being of the individual, improving their own quality of life as well as that of those in their direct social environment. Some of the important criteria of mental health include a high level of subjective well-being of the individual, adequate coping strategy, an ability to overcome tensions, an ability of self-expression and social support. The emergence of these abilities are in close relationship with socialisation of the individual in the family, the treatment the individual receives from their parents. A number of studies have been produced on the connections between parental attitudes and mental disturbances. Traumas experienced in childhood, ignorance on the side of the parents or inadequate parental attitudes play an important role in the emergence of psycho-pathological syndromes and dysfunctional behaviour in adulthood, especially if the effects of family socialisation are boosted by the genetic vulnerability of the individual. All these point to the necessity of being familiar with the psycho-social factors that constitute mental health and help in its preservation, as this knowledge is indispensable both for effective cure and effective prevention. The common objective of the studies summarising the research in health psychology and included in this volume is to survey the risk and protective factors related to mental health among non-clinical young people (college students). The factors discussed include, among others, family socialisation, parental attitudes and circumstances that threaten mental health as well as those that serve as protective and preventive elements for mental health.

This concise 1993 volume proposes a standardized approach to the investigation of infertility. The volume provides clear guidelines and a logical sequence of steps which will quickly lead the clinician or physician to an accurate diagnosis of the underlying cause of infertility. This standardized approach to the management of infertility will lead to more efficient, systematic and economic care for the infertile couple. The diagnostic charts, which may be photocopied, provide an unambiguous route to diagnosis of the underlying cause of infertility, whilst the text fully explains and describes the essential clinical tests. The volume summarizes the results gained from the study of more than 10,000 infertile couples, who were investigated as part of the WHO's programme to counter the widespread personal distress caused by infertility. It is hoped that the standardized approach presented here will go some way towards countering this major problem.

This is the first-ever collection of this noted sexologist's original clinical studies of gender identity and role in genetics, hormones, body morphology, brain, and social assimilation and learning.

'Billy Connolly says he's no idea who Parkinson was and just wishes he'd kept his disease to himself. He should read this book.' Jeremy Paxman Parkinson's disease is one of the most common forms of dementia, with 10,000 new cases each year in the UK alone, and yet few know anything about the man the disease is named after. In 1817 - exactly 200 years ago - James Parkinson (1755-1824) defined the disease so precisely that we still diagnose it today by recognising the symptoms he identified. The story of this remarkable man's contributions to the Age of the Enlightenment is told through his three passions - medicine, politics and fossils. As a political radical Parkinson was interrogated over a plot to kill King George III and revealed as the author of anti-government pamphlets, a crime for which many were transported to Australia; while helping Edward Jenner set up smallpox vaccination stations across London, he wrote the first scientific study of fossils in English, which led to fossil-hunting becoming the nation's latest craze - just a glimpse of his many achievements. Cherry Lewis restores this neglected pioneer to his rightful place in history, while creating a vivid and pungent portrait of life as an 'apothecary surgeon' in Georgian London.

Heart disease is an umbrella term for a number of different diseases affecting the heart. As of 2007, it is the leading cause of death in the United States,England, Canada and Wales, killing one person every 34 seconds in the United States alone. Heart disease is synonymous with cardiac disease but not with cardiovascular disease which is any disease of the heart or blood vessels. Among the many types of heart disease are, for example: Angina; Arrhythmia; Congenital heart disease; Coronary artery disease (CAD); Dilated cardiomyopathy; Heart attack (myocardial infarction); Heart failure; Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; Mitral regurgitation; Mitral valve prolapse; and Pulmonary stenosis. This book brings together important recent research on heart disease with a focus on women and heart disease.

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, collectively termed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are complex disorders because of their wide variations in clinical manifestations. These two disorders constitute multi-system diseases of idiopathic origin. Both are found world-wide and spare no socioeconomic group. Recent scientific and technological advances have, not only led to greater understanding of the pathogenesis underlying these disorders, but have also enabled us to make a correct diagnosis in the earlier stage and to use better and more efficacious medical therapies for these two diseases. Dr. Zheng from China has experience in the research and treatment environment for IBD at the University of Chicago in the U.S.A. He completed his doctoral work in Nutrition at Tufts University and has been an active gastroenterologist in the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal disease, in particular IBD, in China. Thus, he is well suited to the task of bringing together this information for IBD. In this handbook, a highly distinguished group of doctors and professors have been invited to present an updated knowledge of current status as related to the diagnosis and medical therapy of IBD. These articles highlight many advances to date with their clinical experiences. Thus, this handbook will greatly increase recognition of the complexity of these conditions in clinical practice, and enhance the experiences of management with IBD patients.

Heart disease is an umbrella term for a number of different diseases affecting the heart. As of 2007, it is the leading cause of death in the United States, England, Canada and Wales, killing one person every 34 seconds in the United States alone. Heart disease is synonymous with cardiac disease but not with cardiovascular disease which is any disease of the heart or blood vessels. Among the many types of heart disease are, for example: Angina; Arrhythmia; Congenital heart disease; Coronary artery disease (CAD); Dilated cardiomyopathy; Heart attack (myocardial infarction); Heart failure; Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; Mitral regurgitation; Mitral valve prolapse; and Pulmonary stenosis. This book brings together important recent research on heart disease with a focus on men and heart disease.

This book is a complete guide to oral diseases common in tropical environments. Divided into five main sections, the book begins with an overview of the epidemiology of health and disease in the tropics, followed by anthropological and environmental factors affecting oral health in these regions. The following section discusses the diagnosis and management of both infectious and non-infectious tropical diseases, including bacterial infections and their causes, and disorders due to poor nutrition, anaemia, and bleeding and endocrine problems. Section four covers oral and salivary gland neoplasms and the final chapters describe numerous other oral and dental diseases in the tropics. An appendices section provides advice to travellers visiting tropical regions and normal reference values for practitioners. Edited by an internationally recognised team of experts, predominantly from Australia, this comprehensive text is highly illustrated with more than 500 clinical images, diagrams and tables. Key Points Comprehensive guide to oral diseases in tropical environments Covers epidemiology, infectious and non-infectious tropical diseases, and neoplasms Internationally recognised editor team Highly illustrated with more than 500 clinical images, diagrams and tables

Millions of people are currently suffering from Lyme disease and Mold toxicity, as well as other infectious and toxic conditions, and are not being offered a diagnosis or any useful treatment. TOXIC is intended to help those patients (and the physicians working with them) to understand the causes of their illness and how to heal from those causes.