Aneuploidy is an abnormal number of chromosomes, and is a type of chromosome abnormality. An extra or missing chromosome is a common cause of genetic disorders. Some cancer cells also have abnormal numbers of chromosomes. Aneuploidy occurs during cell division when the chromosomes do not separate properly between the two cells. Chromosome abnormalities occur in 1 of 160 live births. In this book, the authors present topical research in the study of the etiology, disorders and risk factors of aneuploidy, including the role of environmental pollutants as a mechanism of aneuploidy; ploidy in mitosis and meiosis; the spindle assembly checkpoint and aneuploidy; cohesions, genomic stability and cancer and aneuploidy in cultured human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells.

Ticks and tick-borne diseases are among the major stumbling blocks to the development of livestock industry and entail heavy economic loses particularly in the tropics and subtropics. Ticks serve as vectors of several diseases and pose health hazards to animals and humans throughout the world. Attempts to control ticks and tick-borne diseases using different methods have been going on for several generations; however, ticks still cause insurmountable problems to the livestock industry and human and animal health. This book enlightens the reader on research and field experiences obtained from different parts of the world on the various chemical and biological approaches used in the control of ticks and tick-borne diseases. This book would serve as a valuable reference and guide for students, and researchers in biological and biomedical sciences and tick control authorities aimed at devising a sound tick control strategy.

Multiple sclerosis is the most common neurological cause of debilitation in young people; it affects approximately 85,000 people in the UK, 400,000 people in the US and approximately 2.5 million people worldwide. The disease commonly manifests in the second or third decade of life, and in most cases it leads to progressive disability, which explains its enormous impact on the economy (estimated at around GBP1.4 billion annually). The disease is incurable and the precise causes are still unknown. Part of the Oxford Neurology Library series, this practical pocketbook summarises the latest understanding of what might cause the disease, the methods of diagnosis and assessment, and current management techniques. The book also includes chapters on variants of multiple sclerosis, on childhood-onset disease and future therapies. This pocketbook will serve as an invaluable reference for trainee neurologists, consultants needing rapid access to core facts, interested general practitioners and specialist MS nurses.

This book presents scientific literature on treatment adherence and empirical research, as well as factors that influence it, both in Anglo-Saxon culture and Iberoamerican countries. This work summarises the updating of analysis and research works carried out by a group of researchers, composed by related psychologists and health professionals from eight Iberoamerican countries: Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Spain, United States of America, Mexico, Puerto Rico and Venezuela. All of them are professionally experienced in the health field in their respective countries of origin.

Quality of life assessment involves a class of measurements fundamental to many aspects of health care planning and outcomes research. It is relevant for associating symptoms, adverse reactions of treatment, disease progression, satisfaction with care, quality of support services unmet needs and appraisal of health and health care options. Quality of life measures that do not consistently distinguish between groups are often only weakly related to objective criteria and show little convergence across measurements perspectives. Differences in quality of life appraisal are part of human adaptation and inherent in all quality of life measurements. This book presents current research in health-related quality of life, with a particular focus on disease and drugs.

Dr. Gigi Siton's intention in writing this second book in the trilogy of Your Body Is A Self-Healing Machine: Understanding The Anatomy Of Epigenetics is to understand the anatomy that is actively involved in epigenetics' physiology. It is essential to know precisely where in your body epigenetics happens. You need to get familiar with your basic cell anatomy. Why your cell is necessary, what is made of, how it works, and its role in epigenetics. What you do affects each cell in your body. Also, Dr. Siton proposes a new immune multi-system concept. It is so important to know all four systems to achieve very efficient self-healing capabilities. Understanding your gut's digestion basics is like knowing how your body's engine works. And finally, you will learn to appreciate your body's guest workers - your microbiota. You are more microbes than human cells. The author would like to see both epigenetics and applied epigenetics incorporated in all levels of health education. It will become a required course in all degrees of educational curriculum from elementary up to doctoral level. After reading Book 1: Understanding Epigenetics: Why It Is Important to Know; and reading this Understanding The Anatomy Of Epigenetics, the Dr. Siton sincerely hopes that she has given enough information to inspire you to get passionate and practice applied epigenetics by reading Book 3: Understanding How Epigenetics Heals You. Experience how simple it can be to apply your body's self-healing tools in your daily life with this book!

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is a disease that only affects males, with an incidence of around 1 in 3500 new-born baby boys. Its relentless progress is charterized by loss of the ability to walk by around the age of 10 or 11, leading to a wheelchair life, and dealth from cardiac and respiratory problems usually around the late teens or early twenties.
Edward Meryon was the first person to give a full and detailed clinical description of what later research knows as Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. His research identified many facets of the condition which we now take for granted, for example that it only affects males, that it is an inherited condition carried in female genes, that it is a disease of the muscle system, and its causes. Until recently, Meryon has not been given credit for his contribution to the subject. In this book, the history of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy is traced in detail, and is interwoven with a commentary of Meryon's research which has led to our current understanding of the disease, will full refences and informative, historically relevant illustrations.
This book concludes with a summary of the current position regarding diagnosis, prevention through counselling and prenatal diagnosis, and new encouraging approaches to treatment through molecular genetics.

The statistics are alarming-the incidence of diabetes in the general population and pregnancy in particular is on the rise. As a result, the need for effective treatments to control the blood glucose level in pregnant diabetic women is likely to grow. James Bernasko, OB/GYN, is one of the few physicians in the United States who is board-certified in treating diabetic pregnant women. He relies on his professional experience to provide a practical guide for healthcare practitioners and insulin pump users that illustrates a protocol for insulin pump therapy during pregnancy. With the goal of achieving good blood glucose control to ensure an excellent short- and long-term outcome for both baby and expectant mother, Dr. Bernasko extensively covers a wide array of topics such as: Components of pre-conception care for diabetic women Action of insulin during pregnancy Value of choosing the right insulin pump Advantages of rapid-acting insulin analogs over regular insulin Employing effective strategies for controlling blood glucose levels before, during, and after pregnancy are essential to diabetic women's care. A Practical Guide to Insulin Pump Therapy for Pregnancy provides valuable information that will minimize complications and enhance a pregnant woman's life.

Despite great advances in prevention and in improving outcomes, heart disease remains a major source of morbidity and mortality in the Western world and, increasingly, in developing countries. The emotional impact of a diagnosis of heart disease can be significant, often increasing cardiac symptoms such as chest pain or palpitations. This addition to The Facts series stresses the importance and feasibility of primary prevention by appropriate life-style changes, whilst helping the reader to understand and cope with existing heart disease. The book is structured to provide information on topics ranging from basic cardiovascular anatomy and physiology - as needed to understand the various pathologies discussed - to symptoms, clinical situations, investigations and available treatments. Beside medical information, the reader will find practical advice on how to communicate with the cardiologist, and how to prepare for certain tests. A glossary with commonly encountered medical terms is also included. Although targeted mainly at cardiac patients with heart disease and their families, this book will also be useful for paramedics, specialist nurses, support groups, GPs and all those involved in treating heart patients in the community.

The Diseases of the Digestive System chart is a detailed overview of digestive system issues. The main graphic shows the system with labeled organs and cut-away views showing internal diseases such as ulcerative colitis and polyps. Heavy gauge 3ml lamination with sealed edges and two metal eyelets for hanging makes chart highly durable. Write-on/wipe-off with dry erase marker (not included).

In the United States alone, roughly 300,000 children suffer from some form of arthritis or rheumatic disease, and millions more are at risk of developing one of these diseases. In this marvelously down-to-earth guide, Thomas Lehman--the head of one of the leading pediatric rheumatology programs in the world--offers a gold mine of expert advice invaluable for pediatricians who want to become more proficient in understanding, diagnosing, and treating rheumatic disease in children. Dr. Lehman helps pediatricians interpret their patients' complaints and determine whether and what type of medical attention is needed, explaining what symptoms to look for, what questions to ask, what tests to run, and what to expect when treatment begins. Using illustrative anecdotes, this book sheds light on a wide range of rheumatic disorders--including juvenile arthritis, Lyme disease, lupus, Kawasaki disease, fibromyalgia, and chronic fatigue syndrome--and it addresses such crucial topics as drug safety, genetic considerations, the potential risks to children posed by medications, the difficulty of family life when a child has a chronic disease, and much more.
A Clinician's Guide to Rheumatic Diseases in Children captures the expertise of a dedicated physician with over thirty years of hands-on experience helping children lead normal, happy lives. It will help pediatricians make sure that patients achieve the best possible outcome.

Smoking is a greater cause of death and disability than any single disease, says the World Health Organisation. According to their figures, it is responsible for approximately five million deaths world-wide every year. Tobacco smoking is a known or probable cause of approximately 25 diseases including cancer, heart attacks and strokes. The WHO says that its impact on world health is still not fully assessed. This book offers leading edge research from around the globe with a focus on smoking cessation and the effects of passive smoking on health.

Malaria is an infectious disease that is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions. It infects between 300 and 500 million people every year and causes between one and three million deaths annually, mostly among young children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria is not just a disease commonly associated with poverty, but is also a cause of poverty and a major hindrance to economic development. Malaria is one of the most common infectious diseases and an enormous public-health problem. Malaria is one of the most common infectious diseases and an enormous public-health problem. The disease is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium. The most serious forms of the disease are caused by Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, but other related species (Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae) can also infect humans. This group of human-pathogenic Plasmodium species are usually referred to as malaria parasites. Malaria parasites are transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes. The parasites multiply within red blood cells, causing symptoms that include fever, anaemia, chills, flu-like illness, and in severe cases, coma and death. Malaria transmission can be reduced by preventing mosquito bites with mosquito nets and insect repellents, or by mosquito control by spraying insecticides inside houses and draining standing water where mosquitoes lay their eggs. One of the most important recent advances in malaria research is the mapping of the Plasmodium falciparum genome. For the next five to ten years, until an effective vaccine is developed, malaria control will largely be dependent on vector control measures such as improvements in housing construction, source reduction, impregnated bednets, and residual insecticide treatment. This book presents leading-edge research in this field.

This title includes proceedings of the 3rd European Congress on Obesity, Nice, France, 1991.

The Gunner Goggles Series is the first exam prep resource written by a high-scoring peer group of medical students, ensuring the most practical and efficient study guidance. It organizes topics around the USMLE and NBME content outlines for the required shelf exams and features state-of-the-art Augmented Reality (AR) mobile application to extend learning beyond the book. This innovative series features AR opportunities throughout the text for an integrated print-mobile experience that maximizes learning and test preparation. The Gunner Goggle function allows you to scan pages for integrated AR links, unlocking animations, visuals, and 3D models that clarify complex anatomy, conditions, and concepts in a remarkably effective and unique manner. Gunner Goggles Series: Medicine is one of seven authoritative exam preparation guides that use cutting-edge AR technology to fully prepare you for the NBME clinical shelf exams, the USMLE Step 2 Clinical Knowledge (CK) exam, and successful clinical rotations. Topics are organized around the USMLE and NBME content outlines for specific shelf exams, and information is presented in a highly templated, concise manner. The Augmented Reality application allows you to efficiently study and learn using an integrated print-mobile approach. In addition to unlocking animations and other visuals, AR app access also includes additional content, links to provide feedback to the authors, community pages, and more. All test topics are covered in just enough detail to help you hone in on key points you must know for exam success. Unique! Every disease is described by its stem clues (buzzwords that appear in question stems) and prophylactic measures (PPx), mechanism (MoD), diagnostic tests (Dx) and treatment/management principles (Tx/Mgmt) - the four "Physician Tasks" that the NBME requires students to know about each disease. You'll also get real-world tips for your clinical rotations from your peers - information that won't show up on the shelf exam but is ideal for maximum impact when on rounds (knowing the prognosis for a specific disease, for example). Plus . effective study techniques, sample study schedules, tips and tricks to better retain information learned from review questions, and methods to self-generate mnemonics. Edited, written, and crowdsourced by high-performing medical students and residents and reviewed by experts in the field to ensure accuracy, relevancy, and accessibility. Titles in the Gunner Goggles series: Family Medicine . Print ISBN: 978-0-323-51034-9 . e-Book ISBN: 978-0-323-52756-9 Medicine . Print ISBN: 978-0-323-51035-6 . e-Book ISBN: 978-0-323-52758-3 Neurology . Print ISBN: 978-0-323-51036-3 . e-Book ISBN: 978-0-323-52760-6 Ob-Gyn . Print ISBN: 978-0-323-51037-0 . e-Book ISBN: 978-0-323-52768-2 Pediatrics . Print ISBN: 978-0-323-51038-7 . e-Book ISBN: 978-0-323-52763-7 Psychiatry . Print ISBN: 978-0-323-51039-4 e-Book ISBN: 978-0-323-52765-1 Surgery . Print ISBN: 978-0-323-51040-0 . e-Book ISBN: 978-0-323-52767-5

The Oxford Textbook of Medicine is the foremost international textbook of medicine. Unrivalled in its coverage of the scientific aspects and clinical practice of internal medicine and its subspecialties, it is a fixture in the offices and wards of physicians around the world, as well as being a key resource for medico-legal practitioners. Accessible digitally with regular updates, as well as in print, readers are provided with multiple avenues of access depending on their need and preference. More comprehensive, more authoritative, and more international than any other textbook; Oxford Textbook of Medicine focuses on offering both perspective and practical guidance on clinical management and prevention of disease. Introductory sections focus on the patient experience, medical ethics and clinical decision making, outlining a philosophy which has always characterized the Oxford Textbook of Medicine. It is humane, thought-provoking, and aims to instill in readers an understanding of the role of medicine in society and the contribution it can make to the health of populations, and it does not shy away from discussion of controversial aspects of modern medicine. As always, there is detailed coverage of all areas of internal medicine by the world's very best authors. The Oxford Textbook of Medicine seeks to embody advances in understanding and practice that have arisen through scientific research. The integration of basic science and clinical practice is unparalleled, and throughout the book the implications of research for medical practice are explained. The core clinical medicine sections offer in-depth coverage of the traditional specialty areas. The Oxford Textbook of Medicine has unsurpassed detail on infectious diseases: the most comprehensive coverage to be found in any textbook of medicine. Other sections of note include stem cells and regenerative medicine; inequalities in health; medical aspects of pollution and climate change; travel and expedition medicine; bioterrorism and forensic medicine; pain; medical disorders in pregnancy; nutrition; and psychiatry and drug related problems in general medical practice. The section on acute medicine is designed to give rapid access to information when it is needed quickly. In response to ongoing user feedback there have been substantial changes to ensure that the Oxford Textbook of Medicine continues to meet the needs of its readers. Chapter essentials give accessible overviews of the content and a new design ensures that the textbook is easy to read and navigate. The evidence-base and references continue to be at the forefront of research. New to this edition is that purchasers of the print version of the Oxford Textbook of Medicine sixth edition will have free access on Oxford Medicine Online to all the content plus regular updates for the life of the edition.

Why do racial and ethnic controversies become attached, as they often do, to discussions of modern genetics? How do theories about genetic difference become entangled with political debates about cultural and group differences in America? Such issues are a conspicuous part of the histories of three hereditary diseases: Tay-Sachs, commonly identified with Jewish Americans; cystic fibrosis, often labeled a "Caucasian" disease; and sickle cell disease, widely associated with African Americans.

In this captivating account, historians Keith Wailoo and Stephen Pemberton reveal how these diseases -- fraught with ethnic and racial meanings for many Americans -- became objects of biological fascination and crucibles of social debate. Peering behind the headlines of breakthrough treatments and coming cures, they tell a complex story: about different kinds of suffering and faith, about unequal access to the promises and perils of modern medicine, and about how Americans consume innovation and how they come to believe in, or resist, the notion of imminent medical breakthroughs.

With Tay-Sachs, cystic fibrosis, and sickle cell disease as a powerful backdrop, the authors provide a glimpse into a diverse America where racial ideologies, cultural politics, and conflicting beliefs about the power of genetics shape disparate health care expectations and experiences.

This ground-breaking book brings together scholars from the humanities and social and physical sciences to address the question of how recent work in the genetics, zoology, and epidemiology of plague's causative organism (Yersinia pestis) can allow a rethinking of the Black Death pandemic and its larger historical significance. This book is available as Open Access.

Consultants and nurses in palliative medicine who do not have a background in oncology need to know about the different types of cancer to be able to deal with palliation in these patients. The new edition of this popular book continues to provide comprehensive coverage of cancer management aimed at palliative care professionals. To aid understanding in the specialty, the format of the book has been thoroughly revised to include numerous tables, figures, algorithms, case histories and key points to ensure that it will prove an invaluable, practical guide to oncology for all health care professionals involved in the care of patients with malignant disease.

The book provides a comprehensive overview of the management of malignant disease from the perspective of palliative medicine. The pathology, diagnosis and management of individual tumour sites are described with an emphasis on the symptoms produced in advanced disease and the place of oncological treatment in their management. Introductory chapters present the principles of oncological management and later chapters address specific symptoms from the viewpoint of their pathophysiology and management. Each chapter is enhanced by typical case histories and patient journeys.

"The Metabolic Syndrome" is a valuable reference text, covering all aspects of the metabolic syndrome and its constituent diseases including inflammation, oxidation and adipocytokines. This book explains the aetiology, pathogenesis and clinical treatment of all risk factors as well as the relationship with diabetes, non alcoholic fatty liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome and coronary heart disease.

"The Metabolic Syndrome" has been further improved from the 1st edition that was highly commended in 2006 Annual British Medical Association medical books competition. All chapters from the first edition are fully updated and this new edition contains an increase in international contributions and five new chapters on: Childhood obesity and metabolic syndromeBariatric surgery for obesityFitnessBrain insulin resistance and appetiteThe nature of the insulin resistance seen in metabolic syndrome.

This brand new edition of "The Metabolic Syndrome" will be an indispensable resource for all clinical researchers, physicians and scientists requiring detailed up-to-date information on the metabolic syndrome to further their own research or to treat and manage the syndrome and its complications. Specifically, the text will be of particular relevance to those involved and working in the fields of diabetes, endocrinology, obesity, cardiology, vascular disease and hepatology.

Stroke is a major cause of death and the major cause of adult neurological disability in most of the world. Despite its importance on a population basis, research into the genetics of stroke has lagged behind that of many other disorders. However, the situation is now changing. An increasing number of single gene disorders causing stroke are being described, and there is growing evidence that polygenic factors are important in the risk of apparently "sporadic" stroke.

Stroke Genetics provides an up-to-date review of the area, suitable for clinicians treating stroke patients, and both clinical and non-clinical researchers in the field of cerebrovascular disease. The full range of monogenic stroke disorders causing cerebrovascular disease, including ischaemic stroke, intracerebral haemorrhage, aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations, are covered. For each, clinical features, diagnosis, and genetics are described. Increasing evidence suggest that genetic factors are also important for the much more common multifactorial stroke; this evidence is reviewed along with the results of genetic studies in this area. Optimal and novel strategies for investigating multifactorial stroke, including the use of intermediate phenotypes such as intima-media thickness and MRI detected small vessel disease are reviewed. The book concludes by describing a practical approach to investigating patients with stroke for underlying genetic disorders. Also included is a list of useful websites.

Subcortical Stroke is a new and fully revised edition of Lacunar and Other Subcortical Infarctions (OUP, 1995).

Stroke is one of the most common causes of death and subcortical stroke accounts for 20-30% of all cerebrovascular infarctions. Our understanding of stroke processes in general, and subcortical stroke in particular, has advanced considerably in recent years. Research findings from the fields of neurochemistry, imaging and genetics have provided insight and input to our understanding of this condition, and this new edition provides an opportunity to describe these advances, and to relate the findings to the clinical expression, neural mechanism, prognosis and treatment of subcortical stroke. In addition, new subcortical syndromes such as CADASIL are covered, as is subcortical haemorrhage.

This book presents a comprehensive and authoritative review of the field with contributions from the leading international experts.

Subcortical Stroke is for stroke physicians, neurologists and those researching cerebrovascular diseases.

Infectious disease pandemics are a rising threat in our globalizing world. This agenda-setting collection provides international analysis of the pressing sociological concerns they confront us with, from cross-border coordination of public health governance to geopolitical issues of development and social equity. * Focuses on vital sociological issues raised by resurgent disease pandemics * Detailed analysis of case studies as well as broader, systemic factors * Contributions from North America, Europe and Asia provide international perspective * Bold, agenda-setting treatment of a high-profile topic

The importance of appropriate and effective management of patient with long term chronic conditions cannot be underestimated, and both the Department of Health and the public are expecting much from the improvements and changes outlined in the recently published review by Lord Darzi.
"Case Management of Long Term Conditions" aims to provide all appropriate practitioners across all the professions (nurses, pharmacists, physiotherapists including social care practitioners) who might be involved in delivery of proactive case management with a practical understanding of how their knowledge and skills can be utilised to improve outcomes for people with Chronic Long Term Conditions. The text contains some broad reflections on care and service delivery based on reviews of evidence and views from clinicians in the use of these skills and competencies to deliver improved outcomes for these clients.