This book focuses on the analysis of cancer dynamics and the mathematically based synthesis of anticancer therapy. It summarizes the current state-of-the-art in this field and clarifies common misconceptions about mathematical modeling in cancer. Additionally, it encourages closer cooperation between engineers, physicians and mathematicians by showing the clear benefits of this without stating unrealistic goals. Development of therapy protocols is realized from an engineering point of view, such as the search for a solution to a specific control-optimization problem. Since in the case of cancer patients, consecutive measurements providing information about the current state of the disease are not available, the control laws are derived for an open loop structure. Different forms of therapy are incorporated into the models, from chemotherapy and antiangiogenic therapy to immunotherapy and gene therapy, but the class of models introduced is broad enough to incorporate other forms of therapy as well. The book begins with an analysis of cell cycle control, moving on to control effects on cell population and structured models and finally the signaling pathways involved in carcinogenesis and their influence on therapy outcome. It also discusses the incorporation of intracellular processes using signaling pathway models, since the successful treatment of cancer based on analysis of intracellular processes, might soon be a reality. It brings together various aspects of modeling anticancer therapies, which until now have been distributed over a wide range of literature. Written for researchers and graduate students interested in the use of mathematical and engineering tools in biomedicine with special emphasis on applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment, this self-contained book can be easily understood with only a minimal basic knowledge of control and system engineering methods as well as the biology of cancer. Its interdisciplinary character and the authors' extensive experience in cooperating with clinicians and biologists make it interesting reading for researchers from control and system engineering looking for applications of their knowledge. Systems and molecular biologists as well as clinicians will also find new inspiration for their research.

Medical treatment guidelines are written from a clinical perspective, to guide clinical care. The review criteria that will be included in this issue of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics are evidence based and are developed by practicing physicians and advisors who work in physical medicine and rehabilitation. Health care providers are expected to be familiar with the guidelines and follow the recommendations. Good medical judgment is important in deciding how to use and interpret this information.

Food Allergy and Gluten-Free Weight Loss gives definitive answers to the question, "Why is it so hard to lose weight?" It is because we have missed or ignored the most important pieces in the puzzle of how our bodies determine whether to store or burn fat. Those puzzle pieces are hormones such as insulin, cortisol, leptin, and others. Individuals with food allergies or gluten intolerance face additional weight-loss challenges such as inflammation due to allergies or a diet too high in rice. This book explains how to put your body chemistry and hormones to work for you rather than against you, reduce inflammation which inhibits the action of your master weight control hormone, leptin, and flip your fat switch from "store" to "burn." It includes a flexible healthy eating plan that eliminates hunger, promotes the burning of fat, and reduces inflammation and tells how to customize the plan so it fits you, your allergies or intolerances, and your need for pleasure in what you eat. Information about cooking for special diets, 175 recipes, a list of sources for special foods, and extensive appendix and reference sections are also included.

Childhood obesity has become a central concern in many countries and a range of policies have been proposed or implemented to address it. This co-authored book is the first to focus on the complex set of ethical and policy issues that childhood obesity raises. Throughout the book, authors Kristin Voigt, Stuart G. Nicholls, and Garrath Williams emphasize that childhood obesity is a multi-faceted phenomenon, and just one of many issues that parents, schools and societies face. They argue that it is important to acknowledge the resulting complexities and not to think in terms "single-issue" policies. After first reviewing some of the factual uncertainties about childhood obesity, the authors explore central ethical questions. What priority should be given to preventing obesity? To what extent are parents responsible? How should we think about questions of stigma and inequality? In the second part of the book, the authors consider key policy issues, including the concept of the aobesogenic environment,a debates about taxation and marketing, and the role that schools can play in obesity prevention. The authors argue that political debate is needed to decide the importance given to childhood obesity and how to divide responsibilities for action. These debates have no simple answers. Nonetheless, the authors argue that there are reasons for hope. There are a wide range of opportunities for action. Many of these options also promise wider social benefits. "This book provides a welcome re-appraisal of commonly-held beliefs about child obesity and misconceptions about what needs to be done. The authors expose the futility of holding parents responsible for children's unhealthy behaviour, they challenge the assumption that education and family support will solve the problem, and they condemn the prejudice and stigma which surround the narrative of blame. The book shows convincingly how the causes of obesity - and the range of associated diseases - lie in the fabric of the modern market economy: in the food supply which shapes our diets, the social and physical environment which encourages sedentary behaviour, and in the media which promote ever greater consumption. Obesity is not the problem: it is the symptom of a more complex social and economic malaise encouraging poor health. The case for interventions by governments to promote health and wellbeing above crude economic growth is comprehensively proven." - Dr. Tim Lobstein, Director of Policy and Programmes, The International Association for the Study of Obesity and The International Obesity Task Force A well-researched, highly critical, but carefully balanced examination of everyday assumptions about childhood obesity and its prevention from an intensely moral perspective. Although the authors demonstrate that no intervention is without ethical complications or effective entirely on its own, they call for immediate actions to reduce the stigma of childhood obesity, support parents, and create food environments healthier for children, adults, and the environment.- Marion Nestle, Paulette Goddard Professor of Nutrition, Food Studies, and Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development

This issue of Immunology and Allergy Clinics, devoted to Obesity and Asthma, is edited by Dr. Anurag Agrawal. Articles in this issue include: Clinical Implications of the Obese Asthma Phenotypes; Childhood Obesity and the Risk of Allergy; Metabolic Asthma: Is there a link between obesity, asthma, and diabetes?; Role of Weight Management in Obese-Asthma Control; Obesity and Airway Disease: A Bioenergetic Problem?; Nutrition, Obesity, and Asthma: Exploring Epigenetic Programming; Obesity and Asthma: The Role of Environmental Pollutants; Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Adult Obese Asthmatics; and From ADMA to Asthma.

As bariatric procedures become more commonplace, the safety and quality of bariatric surgery continues to rise. Risk factors remain inconsistent from hospital to hospital and procedure to procedure, however, highlighting the necessity for comprehensive education on the prevention and management of their resulting complications. In response to this need, Prevention and Management of Complications in Bariatric Surgery is the first book to compile the most up-to-date prevention and management strategies in this field. Edited by leading experts, it provides sound recommendations for collecting, monitoring, and analyzing outcomes, with an emphasis on quality and process improvement. Its scope is tremendously comprehensive, covering everything from common complications, such as leaks, bleeding, wound infections, and venous thromboembolism; to rare-but-deadly complications, such as Wernicke's encephalopathy and rhabdomyolsis as well as the emergency management of various life-threatening complications, including internal hernia, gastric nectrosis from banding, pulmonary embolus, and bleeding. Readers also learn about early-day, late-day, and intraoperative complications, for which the authors provide evidence-based recommendations for swift and accurate diagnosis, preventive strategies, and best practices in medical and surgical management. Comprehensive and accessible, this book is a valuable resource for bariatric surgeons and surgical trainees, physicians, and nurses who participate in the perioperative care of the bariatric patient.

Over the past decade, significant efforts have been made to develop stem cell-based therapies for difficult to treat diseases. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), appear to hold great promise in regards to a regenerative cell-based therapy for the treatment of these diseases. Currently, more than 200 clinical trials are underway worldwide exploring the use of MSCs for the treatment of a wide range of disorders including bone, cartilage and tendon damage, myocardial infarction, graft-versus-host disease, Crohn s disease, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, critical limb ischemia and many others.

MSCs were first identified by Friendenstein and colleagues as an adherent stromal cell population within the bone marrow with the ability to form clonogenic colonies "in vitro. "In regards to the basic biology associated with MSCs, there has been tremendous progress towards understanding this cell population s phenotype and function from a range of tissue sources. Despite enormous progress and an overall increased understanding of MSCs at the molecular and cellular level, several critical questions remain to be answered in regards to the use of these cells in therapeutic applications. Clinically, both autologous and allogenic approaches for the transplantation of MSCs are being explored. Several of the processing steps needed for the clinical application of MSCs, including isolation from various tissues, scalable "in vitro "expansion, cell banking, dose preparation, quality control parameters, delivery methods and numerous others are being extensively studied. Despite a significant number of ongoing clinical trials, none of the current therapeutic approaches have, at this point, become a standard of care treatment. Although exceptionally promising, the clinical translation of MSC-based therapies is still a work in progress.

The extensive number of ongoing clinical trials is expected to provide a clearer path forward for the realization and implementation of MSCs in regenerative medicine. Towards this end, reviews of current clinical trial results and discussions of relevant topics association with the clinical application of MSCs are compiled in this book from some of the leading researchers in this exciting and rapidly advancing field. Although not absolutely all-inclusive, we hope the chapters within this book can promote and enable a better understanding of the translation of MSCs from bench-to-bedside and inspire researchers to further explore this promising and quickly evolving field.

Cell Press Reviews: Cancer Therapeutics informs, inspires, and connects cancer researchers at all stages in their careers with timely, comprehensive reviews written by leaders in the field and curated by Cell Press editors. The publicatio offers a broad view of some of the most compelling topics in cancer therapeutics including: Genetic approaches for personal oncologyTargeting epigenetic dysregulation and protein interaction networksVaccines and antibodies in cancer immunotherapyTumor heterogeneity and chemotherapy resistanceTumor associated macrophages in anticancer treatment

Contributions come from leading voices in the field, including: - Daniel A. Haber, Director of Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Professor at Harvard Medical School - Tony Kouzarides, Professor at the University of Cambridge, Deputy Director of the Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, and a founder of the cancer drug discovery company Chroma Therapeutics - Charles L. Sawyers, Chair of the Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, President of the American Association for Cancer Research, member of the presidentially appointed National Cancer Advisory Board, and recipient of the 2013 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences

Cell Press Reviews: Cancer Therapeutics is part of the Cell Press Reviewsseries, which features reviews published in "Cell Press" primary research and "Trends" reviews journals.
Provides timely, comprehensive articles on a wide range of topics in cancer therapeutics
Offers insight from experts on genetic, molecular, and cellular aspects of cancer therapy
Features reviews on basic science advances translated into drug discovery and therapeutic approaches
Includes articles originally published in "Cell, Cancer Cell, Trends in Genetics, Trends in Molecular Medicine," and "Trends in Pharmacological Sciences""

First published in 1943, "Vitamins and Hormones" is the longest-running serial published by Academic Press. The Editorial Board now reflects expertise in the field of hormone action, vitamin action, X-ray crystal structure, physiology and enzyme mechanisms.

Under the capable and qualified editorial leadership of Dr. Gerald Litwack, "Vitamins and Hormones" continues to publish cutting-edge reviews of interest to endocrinologists, biochemists, nutritionists, pharmacologists, cell biologists and molecular biologists. Others interested in the structure and function of biologically active molecules like hormones and vitamins will, as always, turn to this series for comprehensive reviews by leading contributors to this and related disciplines.

This volume focuses on obesity.

Key features:

* Contributions from leading authorities * Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field

As technology becomes an increasingly vital aspect of modern social interaction, the field of disability informatics and web accessibility has made significant progress in consolidating theoretical approaches and exploring new application domains for those with motor and cognitive disabilities. Disability Informatics and Web Accessibility for Motor Limitations explores the principles, methods, and advanced technological solutions in the use of assistive technologies to enable users with motor limitations. This book is essential for academia, industry, and various professionals in fields such as web application designers, rehabilitation scientists, ergonomists, and teachers in inclusive and special education. This publication is integrated with its pair book Assistive Technologies and Computer Access for Motor Disabilities.

Obesity is an epidemic with enormous health, economic and social burdens. Current drugs for obesity treatment are far from ideal in terms of efficacy and side effects. Reviews in this volume of Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science summarize current status in studies of a number of G protein-coupled receptors that were shown to be promising targets for obesity treatments. Some of these receptors also cause monogenic obesity in humans.
Subject matter: obesity is an epidemic and G protein-coupled receptors are promising drug targets, with significant potential as new anti-obesity drugs.

Chapters are written by leading experts.

Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is the first FDA approved cellular photoimmunotherapy for cancer, namely cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and has demonstrated efficacy in various diseases that have a suspected involvement of pathogenic T-cells including prevention and treatment of acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease, organ transplant rejection, selected autoimmune diseases and Sezary syndrome. In ECP, patient's blood mononuclear cells are collected, exposed to ultraviolet light in the presence of extracorporeally administered liquid 8-methoxypsoralen and reinfused. Besides its considerable efficacy ECP has an exceptional safety profile, does not cause general immunosuppression and thus, does not increase risk of infectious complications and relapse of malignant disease. Exciting preclinical data and clinical observations provide insight into the mechanisms of action of ECP and support its immunomodulatory role. This book will provide an overview on the historical development of ECP, technical aspects for its use in various patient populations including children and adults, novel research findings both in preclinical models and in various patient cohorts and will stimulate further research in organ, tissue and cell transplantation and autoimmune disorders.

Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease has been proving itself in the classroom for nearly 10 years and is praised as being accessible, applicable and a valuable textbook. It focuses specifically on the relationship between disease and nutrition, an area of ever increasing interest and concern as health care costs and availability continue to be an issue worldwide. Now reaching beyond just the individual healthcare concern, the potential for nutritional interventions to improve health status is also of heightened interest to public health professionals who are faced with an aging, obese, at-risk-of-diabetes population who may or may not have access to insurance. This textbook is the foundation of understanding how nutrition can be used to improve health status.

New to this edition:

100% overall new material. 26 new authors or co-authors and all chapters have been completed updated

4 completely new chapters: "

Surgery for Severe Obesity

Snacking and Energy Balance in Humans

Phytochemicals in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity and Its Related Cancers

Bioavailability and Metabolism of Bioactive Compounds from Foods "

New section on "Dietary Bioactive Compounds for Health" explores bioactive components present in edible plants of particular interest for the prevention of disease

New to the obesity section is a chapter on the management of patients who have undergone surgical treatment for obesity
Selected for inclusion in Doody's Core Titles 2013, an essential collection development tool for health sciences librariesIntegration of food issues with nutrition provides a unique perspective to disease prevention/controlMaterial in the book is up-to-date with current researchIndividual sections of the book can be used for mini-courses or in-depth studyDiversity of material makes this text useful for nutritional scientists and also for upper division nutrition course work

This brand new book is the first of its kind dedicated to exercise and fitness training after stroke. It aims to provide health and exercise professionals, and other suitably qualified individuals, with the necessary information to design and evaluate exercise and fitness programmes for stroke survivors that are safe and effective. The content is based on current evidence and aligned with national clinical guidelines and service frameworks, highlighting the importance of physical activity in self-management after stroke. The book has also been written for stroke survivors and carers who may be interested in physical activity after stroke. Exercise and Fitness Training After Stroke comprehensively discusses the manifestations of stroke and how stroke is managed, the evidence for exercise and fitness training after stroke, how to design, deliver, adapt and evaluate exercise, as well as how to set up exercise services and specialist fitness training programmes for stroke survivors. Includes detailed background in stroke pathology, stroke management and how post-stroke problems may affect the ability to participate in exercise Dedicated to evidence-based exercise prescription with special considerations, cautions and therapy-based strategies for safe practice Covers issues of a professional nature, including national occupational standards, exercise referral pathways, as well as risk assessment and management related to stroke survivors Quality content from a highly qualifi ed, experienced and respected multidisciplinary team

This volume of Methods in Enzymology looks at Gene Transfer Vectors for Clinical Application. The chapters providean invaluable resource for academics, researchers and students alike. With an international board of authors, this volume covers such topics as General principles of retrovirus vector design, Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), Gene therapy for blindness, and Retrovirus genetic strategy and vector design.
Chapters provide an invaluable resource for academics, researchers and students alikeInternational board of authorsThis volume covers such topics as general principles of retrovirus vector design, chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), gene therapy for blindness, and retrovirus genetic strategy and vector design"

Sleep Loss and Obesity: Intersecting Epidemics represents a major contribution to the field of sleep medicine. It is a comprehensive review of the neurobiology of sleep, circadian timing and obesity, the deleterious effects of sleep loss and obesity on health, and the worrisome associated social and medical costs in a range of patient populations and overall to society. The number of individuals who are obese has reached alarming levels. As a result, the incidence of Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, heart disease, and kidney failure have also increased. The surgeon general estimates that the total annual cost of obesity in the US is about $117 billion. This cost is expected to escalate significantly because the number of overweight and obese children is increasing rapidly. Indeed, the new generation is expected to have a shorter life-span then their parents. In addition, sleep loss is emerging as an important contributing factor to obesity. People who sleep less or are sleep deprived tend to eat more, especially carbohydrates, and have a higher body mass index. Increased weight restricts the upper airway, causing obstructive sleep apnea and further sleep loss. In the end there is a vicious cycle of weight gain and sleep loss. In the past few years there has been a tremendous growth in our understanding of brain mechanisms controlling energy metabolism. Interestingly the neurons regulating waking also regulate feeding. There is also a mechanism that regulates the timing of feeding and sleep. In shift-workers this system is likely to be disturbed, and this has an adverse impact on both feeding and sleep. Sleep Loss and Obesity: Intersecting Epidemics is the first title to clearly examine how obesity and sleep loss are interacting epidemics. This fascinating title makes the link between energy metabolism, sleep and circadian timing; identifies poor sleep as a risk-factor for obesity in children and adults and offers treatment strategies for obstructive sleep apnea and obesity. This book will be a vital source of information for all physicians interested in sleep disorders and obesity. It will also be of value to neuroscientists, health system administrators, and policy makers.

This volume of Methods in Enzymology looks at Protein Engineering for Therapeutics. The chapters providean invaluable resource for academics, researchers and students alike. With an international board of authors, this volume is split into sections that cover subjects such asPeptides, and Scaffolds
Chapters providean invaluable resource for academics, researchers and students alike Iinternational board of authorsThis volume is split into sections that cover subjects such aspeptides, and scaffolds"

Drs. Vos and Barlow have assembled an impressive list of authors to provide a very comprehensive review of the current status and challenges facing the treatment of pediatric obesity. The issue begins with a look at the prevalence and etiology of childhood obesity.? Next, comorbidities are discussed, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, NAFLD, sleep, and psychologic complications. The remainder of the issue focuses on prevention and therapies, including portion size, increased consumption of vegetables, the role of sugar in obesity, the effect of artificial sweetners, the role of dietary fats, physical activity and obesity, and the effect of social media, texting, or any "screen time? on obesity. The issue concludes with an important article devoted to policies to support the prevention of obesity.

Obesity has become a worldwide epidemic that is also driving the marked increase in Type 2 diabetes across the globe.? While it is easily recognizable clinically, and readily measurable in the United States, a feature that is not well recognized is the central adiposity that may be the only or primary feature in South East Asian communities.? Thus it is imperative for clinicians to be brought up do date in order for preventative or therapeutic modalities are introduced early in the disease process.
This issue of Medical Clinics of North America covers numerous clinical aspects of obesity including metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, the link with cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.? Several treatment modalities are covered including diet, exercise, cognitive and behavioral approaches, medications, and surgery.

Serpins are a group of proteins with similar structures that were first identified as a set of proteins able to inhibit proteases. This volume in the "Methods in Enzymology" series comprehensively covers this topic. With an international board of authors, this volume covers subjects such asCrystallography of serpins and serpin complexes, Serpins as hormone transporters, and Production of serpins using cell free systems.

This volume in the "Methods in Enzymology" series comprehensively covers the topic of serpins

With an international board of authors, this volume covers subjects such asCrystallography of serpins and serpin complexes, Serpins as hormone transporters, and Production of serpins using cell free systems"

This first comprehensive guide to the novel field of gene therapy in the skin provides insight into the basic principles and methods of gene transfer into the skin and its applications. It enables the understanding of possibilities and implications such as immunization and treatment as well as safety aspects. Gene therapy in dermatology is the avantgarde of a new field in science with a great future for human health.