Chemical Management in Textiles and Fashion helps readers understand current pressures on the textile industry surrounding the responsible management of chemicals. The book was written in response to industrial movements like Greenpeace's Detox Campaign and Zero Discharge of Hazardous Chemicals, which have both helped to motivate retailers, manufacturers and regulatory bodies on this issue. Chapters cover the entire supply chain, taking into account the use of chemicals in processing, manufacturing and recycling garments. In addition to environmental sustainability, this valuable resource covers all the main aspects of chemical management, including chemical risk assessments, chemical management systems, and lifecycle assessment. While providing a survey of the latest regulations and standards on chemical management, this book also examines emerging green alternatives to help readers find innovative solutions for sustainable chemical processes.

Heterogeneous Media: Local Fields, Effective Properties, and Wave Propagation outlines new computational methods for solving volume integral equation problems in heterogeneous media. The book starts by surveying the various numerical methods of analysis of static and dynamic fields in heterogeneous media, listing their strengths and weaknesses, before moving onto an introduction of static and dynamic green functions for homogeneous media. Volume and surface integral equations for fields in heterogenous media are discussed next, followed by an overview of explicit formulas for numerical calculations of volume and surface potentials. The book then segues into Gaussian functions for discretization of volume integral equations for fields in heterogenous media, static problems for a homogeneous host medium with heterogeneous inclusions, volume integral equations for scattering problems, and concludes with a chapter outlining solutions to homogenization problems and calculations of effective properties of heterogeneous media. The book concludes with multiple appendices that feature the texts of basic programs for solving volume integral equations as written in Mathematica.

Advanced Green Materials: Fabrication, Characterization and Applications of Biopolymers and Biocomposites looks at their extraction, purification, modification, and processing for various industrial, biomedical, pharmaceutical, and construction applications. The book comprehensively summarizes recent technical research accomplishments in natural materials and discusses various aspects of natural materials from a chemistry/engineering point of view. The book is unique with contributions from experts working on hybrid biopolymers and bio- composites, bioactive and biodegradable materials, bio-inert polymers and composites, natural polymer and composites, and metallic natural materials. The book will be a useful reference for scientists, academicians, research scholars, and biotechnologists. Advanced biocomposite materials continue to become increasingly popular and important for a broad range of different science and engineering applications. In the race to exploit the unique mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of these materials, researchers must also address new challenges to predict, understand, and manage the potentially adverse effects they could have on the environment and human lives. The book describes recent developments and applications of biopolymers and biocomposites for applications in various industrial fields. Chapters include original research and the latest reviews in similar fields. Biopolymers and biocomposites occupy an exceptional position in the exciting new world of novel biomaterials. Considering their sustainability, non-toxic properties, and their ability to have tailored properties and functions, they should be considered as a smart candidate in the advancement of biomaterials technology.

Tribology of Polymer Composites: Characterization, Properties, and Applications provides an exhaustive overview of the latest research, trends, applications and future directions of the tribology of polymer composites. Covering novel methods for the synthesis of polymer composites and their properties, the book starts by reviewing the fabrication techniques, wear and frictional properties of polymer composite materials. From there, it features chapters looking at the tribological behavior and properties of specific polymer composite materials such as synthetic fiber-reinforced, cellulose fiber-reinforced, wood fiber, synthetic fiber, mineral fiber-reinforced, and thermosetting composites. Final chapters cover the tribology of polymer nanocomposites and particulate polymer composites and their metal coatings. Applied examples spanning a wide range of industries are emphasized in each chapter.

An in-depth look at the luminescence of phosphor materials for applications in optical devices, sensors, and medical technologies. Optical Properties of Phosphate and Pyrophosphate Compounds gives a broad introduction to pyrophosphates and phosphate-based phosphors, including their fundamental properties, material composition, synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and applications in optical devices and technologies. The text describes the development of the materials' shape and size, as well as crucial characterization techniques for key applications. Additionally, it includes essential information about recently used single and mixed cations pyrophosphate and phosphate compounds. This book is suitable for researchers working in materials science, engineering, materials chemistry, and physics. It may also be helpful to engineers and chemists working in R&D for solid state lighting.

Vanadium: Extraction, Manufacturing and Applications offers systematic coverage of the state-of-the-art in research and development of vanadium. Five chapters cover the basic background of vanadium, including extraction, applications, and the development of vanadium in industry and manufacturing, with a focus on industrial Panzhihua in China, which has one of the largest reserves of vanadium in the world. Based on the author's 30+ years of experience in vanadium-based materials, including in industrial development, this book provides a solution for understanding the nature, sourcing, manufacture, and uses of vanadium in high-tech industry. Vanadium is critical to high-tech industry, and is used as a catalyst and as a functional material. It has applications including in high-stress alloys, batteries and supercapacitors, and catalysts. Research on vanadium has accelerated rapidly in scope and depth in recent years.

Aquananotechnology: Applications of Nanomaterials for Water Purification focuses on the impacts of, and opportunities for, the application of nanotechnology to enhance water quality and the societal concerns surrounding the widespread use of nanotechnology in the water arena. Sections cover the use of nano-sensors for the detection of water pollutants, the control of waterborne pathogens, and the use of nano-biochar coal fly composites for phytoremdtions wastewater pollutants. In addition, the book explores the uses of nanoadsorbents for heavy metals, dyes, Arsenic, pesticides, and water/wastewater remediation and decontamination of water from xenobiotics, bionanocomposites, metal oxides, silver, zinc nanoparticles, and carbon-based nanomaterials for wastewater treatment. In addition, the book covers the use of zerovalent iron nanomaterials and nanostructured mesoporous silica for water purification, along with nano-hydrogels to increase water efficiency and conservation. Finally, the socioeconomic impacts and risks of aquananotechnology in ecosystems are discussed. This book provides a detailed description of the ecological applications of nanomaterials in aquatic environments, offering a cogent analysis of both major applications and challenges.

Handbook of Low Carbon Concrete brings together the latest breakthroughs in the design, production, and application of low carbon concrete. In this handbook, the editors and contributors have paid extra attention to the emissions generated by coarse aggregates, emissions due to fine aggregates, and emissions due to cement, fly ash, GGBFS, and admixtures. In addition, the book provides expert coverage on emissions due to concrete batching, transport and placement, and emissions generated by typical commercially produced concretes.

Advances in Sustainable Polymer Composites reviews recent scientific findings on the production and use of sustainable polymers and composites as innovative new materials. The book discusses the importance of sustainable polymers in terms of current practices and how to address environmental and economic issues. Attention is focused on the physical, chemical and electrical properties of these composites. The book also looks at the lifecycle of both single and hybrid polymers and nanocomposites, with chapters covering the latest research findings on sustainable polymer composites with various filler loadings and their improvement on compatibility. From the viewpoint of polymer composites, this book covers not only well-known sustainable future trends in sustainable polymers and composites, but also advanced materials produced from micro, nano and pico-scale fillers that achieve better physical and mechanical results.

Handbook of Polymer Nanocomposites for Industrial Applications summarizes the properties of polymer nanocomposites, discusses their industrial scale fabrication methods, and presents their applications for various industrial sectors at both experimental and theoretical models scales. The book also addresses existing challenges for the use of polymer nanocomposites in major industrial sectors. Overall, the aim of this book is to summarize the recent advancements in the use of PNCs in a variety of industry sectors. Particular attention is paid to those approaches that enable green and sustainable industrial developments. The legal, economical and toxicity aspects of polymer nanocomposite are also presented in detail.

Rising consumer demand for low power consumption electronics has generated a need for scalable and reliable memory devices with low power consumption. At present, scaling memory devices and lowering their power consumption is becoming more difficult due to unresolved challenges, such as short channel effect, Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL), and sub-surface punch-through effect, all of which cause high leakage currents. As a result, the introduction of different memory architectures or materials is crucial. Nanomaterials-based Charge Trapping Memory Devices provides a detailed explanation of memory device operation and an in-depth analysis of the requirements of future scalable and low powered memory devices in terms of new materials properties. The book presents techniques to fabricate nanomaterials with the desired properties. Finally, the book highlights the effect of incorporating such nanomaterials in memory devices. This book is an important reference for materials scientists and engineers, who are looking to develop low-powered solutions to meet the growing demand for consumer electronic products and devices.

Behavior and Design of High-Strength Constructional Steel presents readers with extensive information on the behavior of high-strength constructional steels, providing them with the confidence they need to use them in a safe and economic manner to design and construct steel structures. The book includes detailed discussions on the mechanical properties of HHS while explaining the latest progress in research and design guidelines, including material properties at ambient and elevated temperatures. In addition, the book explains the behavior of elementary members subject to different types of loads and load combinations, and those that are integral to the design of bolted and welded connections. The hysteretic behavior of HHS materials and members are also discussed. This is critical for application and designs under earthquakes and fire conditions. The buckling behaviors of HSS box-section and H-section columns are included in terms of experimental and numerical investigations, along with the geometric imperfection induced by welding.

More often than not, it is difficult or even impossible to obtain directly the specific rock parameters of interest using in situ methods. The procedures for measuring most rock properties are also time consuming and expensive. Engineering Properties of Rocks, Second Edition, explores the use of typical values and/or empirical correlations of similar rocks to determine the specific parameters needed. The book is based on the author's extensive experience and offers a single source of information for the evaluation of rock properties. It systematically describes the classification and characterization of intact rock, rock discontinuities, and rock masses, and presents the various indirect methods for estimating the deformability, strength, and permeability of these components as well as the in situ rock stresses.

Metallurgy of Fracture: The Mechanics of Metal Failure looks at the origin of metal defects, their related mechanisms of failure, and the modification of casting procedures to eliminate these defects, clearly connecting the strength and durability of metals with their fabrication process. The book starts with a focus on the fracture of liquids, looking at topics such as homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation, entrainment processes in bifilms and bubbles, furling and unfurling, ingot casting, continuous casting, and more. From there it discusses fracture of liquid and solid state, focusing on topics such as externally and internally initiated tearing. The book then concludes with a section discussing fracture of solid metals covering concepts such as ductility and brittleness, dislocation mechanisms, the relationship between the microstructure and properties of metals, corrosion, hydrogen embrittlement, and more. Improved approaches to fabrication and casting processes that will help eliminate these defects are provided throughout.

Terahertz Biomedical and Healthcare Technologies: Materials to Devices reviews emerging advances in terahertz biomedical and healthcare technologies, including advances in fundamental materials science research, device design and fabrication, applications, and challenges and opportunities for improved performance. In addition, the improvement of materials, optical elements, and measuring techniques are also explored. Other sections cover the design and development of wide bandgap semiconductors for terahertz device applications, including their physics, device modeling, characterization and fabrication concepts. Finally, the book touches on potential defense, medical imaging, internet of things, and the machine learning applications of terahertz technologies.

3D Printing in Medicine and Surgery: Applications in Healthcare is an advanced book on surgical and enhanced medical applications that can be achieved with 3D printing. It is an essential handbook for medical practitioners, giving access to a range of practical methods, while also focusing on applied knowledge. This comprehensive resource features practical experiments and processes for preparing 3D printable materials. Early chapters cover foundational knowledge and background reading, while later chapters discuss and review the current technologies used to engineer specific tissue types, experiments and methods, medical approaches and the challenges that lie ahead for future research. The book is an indispensable reference guide to the various methods used by current medical practitioners working at the forefront of 3D printing applications in medicine.

Nuclear Corrosion: Research, Progress and Challenges, part of the "Green Book" series of the EFC, builds upon the foundations of the very first book published in this series in 1989 ("Number 1 - Corrosion in the Nuclear Industry"). This newest volume provides an overview on state-of-the-art research in some of the most important areas of nuclear corrosion. Chapters covered include aging phenomena in light water reactors, reprocessing plants, nuclear waste disposal, and supercritical water and liquid metal systems. This book will be a vital resource for both researchers and engineers working within the nuclear field in both academic and industrial environments.

Nano Plating (II): A Metallurgical Approach to Electrochemical Theory and Its Applications to Technology is the result of the author's 50 years of research. The author reviews the vast experimental results of electrochemical phenomena in light of metallurgical knowledge and proposes theories that can give new insights in electrochemical thermodynamics and predict many phenomena in this field. The book complements Tohru Watanabe's previous book on nano-plating published by Elsevier in 2004.

Polymer Materials for Energy and Electronic Applications is among the first books to systematically describe the recent developments in polymer materials and their electronic applications. It covers the synthesis, structures, and properties of polymers, along with their composites. In addition, the book introduces, and describes, four main kinds of electronic devices based on polymers, including energy harvesting devices, energy storage devices, light-emitting devices, and electrically driving sensors. Stretchable and wearable electronics based on polymers are a particular focus and main achievement of the book that concludes with the future developments and challenges of electronic polymers and devices.

Durability of Composite Systems meets the challenge of defining these precepts and requirements, from first principles, to applications in a diverse selection of technical fields selected to form a corpus of concepts and methodologies that define the field of durability in composite material systems as a modern discipline. That discipline includes not only the classical rigor of mechanics, physics and chemistry, but also the critical elements of thermodynamics, data analytics, and statistical uncertainty quantification as well as other requirements of the modern subject. This book provides a comprehensive summary of the field, suited to both reference and instructional use. It will be essential reading for academic and industrial researchers, materials scientists and engineers and all those working in the design, analysis and manufacture of composite material systems.

Nanoscale Processing outlines recent advances in processing techniques for a range of nanomaterial types. New developments in the processing of nanostructured materials are being applied in diverse fields. This book offers in-depth information and analysis of a range of processing techniques for nanostructures, and also covers nanocharacterization aspects thoroughly. Topics covered include zero dimensional nanostructures, nanostructured biomaterials, carbon-based nanostructures, polymeric and liposomal nanostructures, and quantum dots. This book is an important resource for materials scientists and engineers looking to learn more about a variety of processing techniques for various nanomaterial classes, for use in both the industrial and biomedical sectors.

Metal Halide Perovskites for Generation, Manipulation and Detection of Light covers the current state and future prospects of lead halide perovskite photonics and photon sources, both from an academic and industrial point-of-view. Advances in metal halide perovskite photon sources (lasers) based on thin films, microcrystals and nanocrystals are comprehensively reviewed, with leading experts contributing current advances in theory, fundamental concepts, fabrication techniques, experiments and other important research innovations. This book is suitable for graduate students, researchers, scientists and engineers in academia and R&D in industry working in the disciplines of materials science and engineering.