Titanium for Consumer Applications is the first book to tie together the metallurgical advantages of titanium in consumer applications. The book begins with a discussion of the metallurgy and properties of titanium that is followed by six distinct sections that look at the use of titanium in consumer products, the sports industry, buildings and architecture design, arts field, aerospace, automotive, and medical applications. This book is useful for individuals involved in the manufacturing of titanium components, as well as those looking to define new applications for this versatile metal.

Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning: Methods for Assessment and Verification of Cleanliness of Surfaces and Characterization of Surface Contaminants, Volume Twelve, the latest release in the Developments in Surface Contamination and Cleaning series, provides best practices on determining surface cleanliness. Chapters include an introduction to the nature and size of particles, a discussion of cleanliness levels, detailed coverage of measurement methods, characterization methods and analytical methods for evaluating surfaces, and an overview of analysis methods for various contaminants. As a whole, the series creates a unique and comprehensive knowledge base for those in research and development in a variety of industries. Manufacturing, quality control and procurement specification professionals in the aerospace, automotive, biomedical, defense, energy, manufacturing, microelectronics, optics and xerography industries will find this book to be very helpful. In addition, researchers in an academic setting will also find these volumes excellent source books.

Perovskite Metal Oxides: Synthesis, Properties and Applications provides an overview on the topic, including the synthesis of various types of perovskites, their properties, characterization and application. The book reviews the applications of this category of materials for photovoltaics, electronics, biomedical, fuel cell, photocatalyst, sensor, energy storage and catalysis, along with processing techniques of perovskite metal oxides with a focus on low-cost and high-efficiency methods, including various properties and probable applications in academia and industry. Other sections discuss strategies to improve the functionality of perovskite metal oxide materials, including chemical methods and controlling the size, shape and structure of the materials. Finally, applications of perovskite metal oxides in energy conversion and storage, sensing and electronics are covered.

Exposure to Engineered Nanomaterials in the Environment provide a new, holistic framework for testing and evaluating the potential benefits and risks of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), including their potential socioeconomic impacts, ethical issues and consumers' expectations and fears. The book covers nanomaterial presence in various environments, agroecosystems and other areas within the human sphere of actions. The book includes sections on (i) Chemical, physical and biological properties, (ii) Presence and diffusion of ENMs in human environments, agriculture, food and drug products, (iii) ENMs as a pillar in biological and medical research, and (iv) Social and regulatory issues emerging from years of application. The book is designed to increase awareness to key end-users and stakeholders, including food producers and processors, industry, representatives of society and consumers, and those looking to implement an accurate and effective risk analysis procedure that promotes the sustainable use of nanotechnology.

Metals for Biomedical Devices, Second Edition, has been fully updated and builds upon the success of its first edition, discussing the latest techniques in metal processing methods and the behavior of this important material. Initial chapters review the current status and selection of metals for biomedical devices. Subsequent chapters cover mechanical behavior, degradation and testing, corrosion, wear testing and biocompatibility, the processing of metals for biomedical applications, including topics such as forging metals and alloys, surface treatment, coatings and sterilization. Chapters in the final section discuss the clinical applications of metals, such as cardiovascular, orthopedic and new generation biomaterials. With its distinguished editor and team of expert contributors, this book is a standard reference for materials scientists, researchers and engineers working in the medical devices industry and academia.

Hydrogels Based on Natural Polymers presents the latest research on natural polymer-based hydrogels, covering fundamentals, preparation methods, synthetic pathways, advanced properties, major application areas, and novel characterization techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of each natural polymer-based hydrogel are also discussed, enabling preparation tactics for specific properties and applications. Sections cover fundamentals, development, characteristics, structures and properties. Additional chapters cover presentation methods and properties based on natural polymers, including physical and chemical properties, stimuli-responsive properties, self-healing properties, and biological properties. The final section presents major applications areas, including the biomedical field, agriculture, water treatments, and the food industry. This is a highly valuable resource for academic researchers, scientists and advanced students working with hydrogels and natural polymers, as well as across the fields of polymer science, polymer chemistry, plastics engineering, biopolymers and biomaterials. The detailed information will also be of great interest to scientists and R&D professionals, product designers, technicians and engineers across industries.

Nanomedicine is a developing field, which includes different disciplines such as material science, chemistry, engineering and medicine devoted to the design, synthesis and construction of high-tech nanostructures. The ability of these structures to have their chemical and physical properties tuned by structural modification, has allowed their use in drug delivery systems, gene therapy delivery, and various types of theranostic approaches. Colloidal noble metal nanoparticles and other nanostructures have many therapeutic and diagnostic applications. The concept of drug targeting as a magic bullet has led to much research in chemical modification to design and optimize the binding to targeted receptors. It is important to understand the precise relationship between the drug and the carrier and its ability to target specific tissues, and pathogens to make an efficient drug delivery system. This book covers advances based on different drug delivery systems: polymeric and hyper branched nanomaterials, carbon-based nanomaterials, nature-inspired nanomaterials, and pathogen-based carriers.

Biobased Polymers: Properties and Applications in Packaging looks at how biopolymers may be used in packaging as a potential green solution. The book addresses bio-based feedstocks, production processes, packaging types, recent trends in packaging, the environmental impact of bio-based polymers, and legislative demands for food contact packaging materials. Chapters explore opportunities for biopolymers in key end-use sectors, the penetration of biopolymer based concepts in the packaging market, and barriers to widespread commercialization. As the development of bio-based material is an important factor for sustainably growing the packaging industry, these recent trends in consumer markets are extremely important as we move towards greener packaging. Hence, this resource is an invaluable addition on the topic.

Liquid Metal Corrosion: Fundamental Theory and Applications is designed to help scientists, engineers and students working on liquid metal (sodium, lead, lead-bismuth) to fundamentally understand liquid metal corrosion. Coverage includes a discussion of corrosion mechanisms, fundamental corrosion processes, and corrosion products' behaviors as well as methods on how to calculate corrosion rates. The book concludes with models designed to predict the corrosion/precipitation distribution in a primary corrosion loop. This book will be a useful resource for researchers in their efforts to determine appropriate materials selection and reactor design.

An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilisation, Third Edition examines nuclear waste issues, including natural levels of radionuclides in the environment, the geological disposal of waste-forms, and their long-term behavior. It covers all-important aspects of processing and immobilization, including nuclear decay, regulations, new technologies and methods. The book has been updated to include a discussion of the disposal of nuclear waste from non-energy sources, also adding a chapter on the nuclear fuel cycle. Significant focus is given to the analysis of the various matrices used, especially cement and glass, with further discussion of other matrices, such as bitumen. The book's final chapter concentrates on the performance assessment of immobilizing materials and safety of disposal, providing a full range of resources needed to understand and correctly immobilize nuclear waste.

Introduction to Heterostructured Materials provides updates on the historical perspective of the development of these materials, which is followed by a review of the basic background on mechanical behaviors and properties of metals and alloys. Next, both the definition and the fundamental principles and deformation behavior of heterostructured materials are covered, as well as their processing and properties and various design principles. The book supports graduate students and researchers entering this field, senior scientists who are already working in this field, engineers in the manufacturing industry, and professors who are teaching advanced materials and technologies. Heterostructured materials not only possess superior mechanical and/or physical properties that are not accessible to their conventional homogeneous counterparts, but they are also conducive to large-scale industrial production at low cost.

Functional Nanostructured Interfaces for Environmental and Biomedical Applications provides an overview on the characteristics of nanostructured interfaces and their processing technologies for a wide range of applications in the sensing, photocatalytic and bioengineering areas. The book focuses on the fundamentals of multifunctional nanostructured interfaces and their associated technologies, including versatile technologies, such as colloidal lithography, scanning probe techniques and laser nanostructuring, which can be used to obtain multifunctional 2D and 3D nanotextured interfaces. The book provides multidisciplinary chapters, summarizes the current status of the field, and covers important scientific and technological developments made over past decades. As such, it is an invaluable reference to those working in the design of novel nanostructured materials.

Graphene: Important Results and Applications provides an overview on the latest research in graphene production and applications. The most advanced methods of production, including chemical vapor deposition, reduction of graphene oxide, and detonation reaction are explored, as is current research results on the unique nature of graphene and its types, including morphology and thickness, mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, elastic properties of 2D and 3D structures, and more. Chapters covering the dispersion of graphene into the polymer matrix and chemical modifications and their potential applications are also featured. The book concludes with sections focusing on current and future applications.

Size Effects in Plasticity: From Macro to Nano provides concise explanations of all available methods in this area, from atomistic simulation, to non-local continuum models to capture size effects. It then compares their applicability to a wide range of research scenarios. This essential guide addresses basic principles, numerical issues and computation, applications and provides code which readers can use in their own modeling projects. Researchers in the fields of computational mechanics, materials science and engineering will find this to be an ideal resource when they address the size effects observed in deformation mechanisms and strengths of various materials.

Semiconductors and Modern Electronics is a brief introduction to the physics behind semiconductor technologies. Chuck Winrich, a physics professor at Babson College, explores the topic of semiconductors from a qualitative approach to understanding the theories and models used to explain semiconductor devices. Applications of semiconductors are explored and understood through the models developed in the book. The qualitative approach in this book is intended to bring the advanced ideas behind semiconductors to the broader audience of students who will not major in physics. Much of the inspiration for this book comes from Dr. Winrich's experience teaching a general electronics course to students majoring in business. The goal of that class, and this book, is to bring forward the science behind semiconductors, and then to look at how that science affects the lives of people.

Radiation Technology for Advanced Materials presents a range of radiation technology applications for advanced materials. The book aims to bridge the gap between researchers and industry, describing current uses and future prospects. It describes the mature radiation processing technology used in preparing heat shrinkable materials and in wire and cable materials, giving commercial cases. In addition, the book illustrates future applications, including high-performance fibers, special self-lubricating materials, special ultra-fine powder materials, civil fibers, natural polymeric materials, battery separator membranes, special filtration materials and metallic nanomaterials. Chapters cover radiation technology in high-performance fiber and functional textiles, radiation crosslinking and typical applications, radiation crosslinking for polymer foaming material, radiation degradation and application, radiation emulsion polymerization, radiation effects of ionic liquids, radiation technology in advanced new materials, and future prospects.

Modified Clay and Zeolite Nanocomposite Materials: Environmental and Pharmaceutical Applications retraces the most important knowledge gaps that the scientific community is facing, including a drawback of real-world applications. This valuable resource explores the novel applications of this group of nanomaterials that can be suitably surface-modified to obtain properties that can be applied in environmental and pharmaceutical fields. For example, modification with surfactants has given new motivation to the study of these materials by producing an inversion in the ion exchange behavior from cationic to anionic. This strategy has paved the way for new uses highlighted in this timely resource.

Structural Health Monitoring of Biocomposites, Fibre-Reinforced Composites and Hybrid Composites provides detailed information on failure analysis, mechanical and physical properties, structural health monitoring, durability and life prediction, modelling of damage processes of natural fiber, synthetic fibers, and natural/natural, and natural/synthetic fiber hybrid composites. It provides a comprehensive review of both established and promising new technologies currently under development in the emerging area of structural health monitoring in aerospace, construction and automotive structures. In addition, it describes SHM methods and sensors related to specific composites and how advantages and limitations of various sensors and methods can help make informed choices. Written by leading experts in the field, and covering composite materials developed from different natural fibers and their hybridization with synthetic fibers, the book's chapters provide cutting-edge, up-to-date research on the characterization, analysis and modelling of composite materials.

Use of Recycled Plastics in Eco-efficient Concrete looks at the processing of plastic waste, including techniques for separation, the production of plastic aggregates, the production of concrete with recycled plastic as an aggregate or binder, the fresh properties of concrete with plastic aggregates, the shrinkage of concrete with plastic aggregates, the mechanical properties of concrete with plastic aggregates, toughness of concrete with plastic aggregates, modulus of elasticity of concrete with plastic aggregates, durability of concrete with plastic aggregates, concrete plastic waste powder with enhanced neutron radiation shielding, and more, thus making it a valuable reference for academics and industrial researchers.

A Quantum Approach to Alloy Design: An Exploration of Material Design and Development Based Upon Alloy Design Theory and Atomization Energy Method presents a molecular orbital approach to alloy design that is based on electronic structure calculations using the DV-X alpha cluster method and new alloying parameters obtained from these calculations. Topics discussed include alloy properties, such as corrosion resistance, shape memory effect and super-elasticity that are treated by using alloying parameters in biomedical titanium alloys. This book covers various topics of not only metals and alloys, but also metal oxides, hydrides and even hydrocarbons. In addition, important alloy properties, such as strength, corrosion resistance, hydrogen storage and catalysis are treated in view of electron theory.