The fifteen chapters of this book are arranged in a logical progression. The text begins with the more fundamental material on stress and strain transformations with elasticity theory for plane and axially symmetric bodies, followed by a full treatment of the theories of bending and torsion. Coverage of moment distribution, shear flow, struts and energy methods precede a chapter on finite elements. Thereafter, the book presents yield and strength criteria, plasticity, collapse, creep, visco-elasticity, fatigue and fracture mechanics. Appended is material on the properties of areas, matrices and stress concentrations. Each topic is illustrated by worked examples and supported by numerous exercises drawn from the author's teaching experience and professional institution examinations (CEI). This edition includes new material and an extended exercise section for each of the fifteen chapters, as well as three appendices. The broad text ensures its suitability for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in which the mechanics of solids and structures form a part including: mechanical, aeronautical, civil, design and materials engineering.

High temperature superconducting theory drew controversy after the discovery of superconductors at close to room temperatures. However, a consistent microscopic theory of HT superconductivity based on bipolaron mechanism leads to a better understanding of microscopic and macroscopic description. By presenting aspects of superconductivity now joined in a strict theory rather than separate models this work is especially useful for graduate students.

Separation of the elements of classical mechanics into kinematics and dynamics is an uncommon tutorial approach, but the author uses it to advantage in this two-volume set. Students gain a mastery of kinematics first a" a solid foundation for the later study of the free-body formulation of the dynamics problem.

A key objective of these volumes, which present a vector treatment of the principles of mechanics, is to help the student gain confidence in transforming problems into appropriate mathematical language that may be manipulated to give useful physical conclusions or specific numerical results. In the first volume, the elements of vector calculus and the matrix algebra are reviewed in appendices. Unusual mathematical topics, such as singularity functions and some elements of tensor analysis, are introduced within the text. A logical and systematic building of well-known kinematic concepts, theorems, and formulas, illustrated by examples and problems, is presented offering insights into both fundamentals and applications. Problems amplify the material and pave the way for advanced study of topics in mechanical design analysis, advanced kinematics of mechanisms and analytical dynamics, mechanical vibrations and controls, and continuum mechanics of solids and fluids.

Volume I of Principles of Engineering Mechanics provides the basis for a stimulating and rewarding one-term course for advanced undergraduate and first-year graduate students specializing in mechanics, engineering science, engineering physics, applied mathematics, materials science, and mechanical, aerospace, and civil engineering. Professionals working in related fields of applied mathematics will findit a practical review and a quick reference for questions involving basic kinematics.

This volume contains 60 papres dealing with research results in the field of tubular structures. The following areas are covered: applications; static and fatigue behaviour of hollow section joints; beam-to-column connections; concrete-filled steel tubes; and optimum design.

Written by an international group of active researchers in the field, this volume presents innovative formulations and applied procedures for sensitivity analysis and structural design optimization. Eight chapters discuss subjects ranging from recent developments in the determination and application of topological gradients, to the use of evolutionary algorithms and meta-models to solve practical engineering problems. With such a comprehensive set of contributions, the book is a valuable source of information for graduate students and researchers entering or working in the matter.

A daring, original approach to understanding and predicting the mechanical behavior of materials

"Damage is an abstraction.... Strength is an observable, an independent variable that can be measured, with clear and familiar engineering definitions." (from the Preface to Damage Tolerance and Durability of Material Systems)

Long-term behavior is one of the most challenging and important aspects of material engineering. There is a great need for a useful conceptual or operational framework for measuring long-term behavior. As much a revolution in philosophy as an engineering text, Damage Tolerance and Durability of Material Systems postulates a new mechanistic philosophy and methodology for predicting the remaining strength and life of engineering material. This philosophy associates the local physical changes in material states and stress states caused by time-variable applied environments with global properties and performance.

There are three fundamental issues associated with the mechanical behavior of engineering materials and structures: their stiffness, strength, and life. Treating these issues from the standpoint of technical difficulty, time, and cost for characterization, and relationship to safety, reliability, liability, and economy, the authors explore such topics as:

• Damage tolerance and failure modes
• Factors that determine composite strength
• Micromechanical models of composite stiffness and strength
• Stiffness evolution
• Strength evolution during damage accumulation
• Non-uniform stress states
• Lifetime prediction

With a robust selection of example applications and case studies, this book takes a step toward the fulfillment of a vision of a future in which the prediction of physical properties from first principles will make possible the creation and application of new materials and material systems at a remarkable cost savings.

This book offers a new calculation procedure of the structural behavior of grouped layout of silos, easy to use and with satisfactory responses. Groups of reinforced concrete silos are structures commonly used in the food industry, where it is usually necessary to separate the storage of different types and sources of grain. The grouped layout of silos has numerous benefits when compared with single-cell silos in which the emphasis is on creating further space for silage, normally referred to as interstice - a space formed between the edges of the group's cells. This economic benefit, on the other hand, raises a structural problem for the designer of this type of building, which is to assess the magnitude of bending moments and hoop forces due to the structural continuity of the walls in the interstice region of the cells. Bending moments assume extreme values exactly when the interstice is loaded and the other cells in the group are empty. To develop the formulation of the proposed analysis models, a parametric study was carried out that allowed the adequate consideration of the variables involved. The idea is to help professionals, engineers, industrials and academics involved in this advanced interdisciplinary field as a comprehensive guide for courses offered at different levels of learning (undergraduate and postgraduate).

This textbook offers a strong introduction to the fundamental concepts of materials science. It conveys the quintessence of this interdisciplinary field, distinguishing it from merely solid-state physics and solid-state chemistry, using metals as model systems to elucidate the relation between microstructure and materials properties. Mittemeijer's Fundamentals of Materials Science provides a consistent treatment of the subject matter with a special focus on the microstructure-property relationship. Richly illustrated and thoroughly referenced, it is the ideal adoption for an entire undergraduate, and even graduate, course of study in materials science and engineering. It delivers a solid background against which more specialized texts can be studied, covering the necessary breadth of key topics such as crystallography, structure defects, phase equilibria and transformations, diffusion and kinetics, and mechanical properties. The success of the first edition has led to this updated and extended second edition, featuring detailed discussion of electron microscopy, supermicroscopy and diffraction methods, an extended treatment of diffusion in solids, and a separate chapter on phase transformation kinetics. "In a lucid and masterly manner, the ways in which the microstructure can affect a host of basic phenomena in metals are described.... By consistently staying with the postulated topic of the microstructure - property relationship, this book occupies a singular position within the broad spectrum of comparable materials science literature .... it will also be of permanent value as a reference book for background refreshing, not least because of its unique annotated intermezzi; an ambitious, remarkable work." G. Petzow in International Journal of Materials Research. "The biggest strength of the book is the discussion of the structure-property relationships, which the author has accomplished admirably.... In a nutshell, the book should not be looked at as a quick 'cook book' type text, but as a serious, critical treatise for some significant time to come." G.S. Upadhyaya in Science of Sintering. "The role of lattice defects in deformation processes is clearly illustrated using excellent diagrams . Included are many footnotes, 'Intermezzos', 'Epilogues' and asides within the text from the author's experience. This ..... soon becomes valued for the interesting insights into the subject and shows the human side of its history. Overall this book provides a refreshing treatment of this important subject and should prove a useful addition to the existing text books available to undergraduate and graduate students and researchers in the field of materials science." M. Davies in Materials World.

foundations of duct acoustics to the acoustic design of duct systems, through practical modeling, optimization and measurement techniques. Discover in-depth analyses of one- and three-dimensional models of sound generation, propagation and radiation, as techniques for assembling acoustic models of duct systems from simpler components are described. Identify the weaknesses of mathematical models in use and improve them by measurement when needed. Cope with challenges in acoustic design, and improve understanding of the underlying physics, by using the tools described. An essential reference for engineers and researchers who work on the acoustics of fluid machinery ductworks.

Solid Mechanics: A Variational Approach, Augmented Edition presents a lucid and thoroughly developed approach to solid mechanics for students engaged in the study of elastic structures not seen in other texts currently on the market. This work offers a clear and carefully prepared exposition of variational techniques as they are applied to solid mechanics. Unlike other books in this field, Dym and Shames treat all the necessary theory needed for the study of solid mechanics and include extensive applications. Of particular note is the variational approach used in developing consistent structural theories and in obtaining exact and approximate solutions for many problems. Based on both semester and year-long courses taught to undergraduate seniors and graduate students, this text is geared for programs in aeronautical, civil, and mechanical engineering, and in engineering science. The authors' objective is two-fold: first, to introduce the student to the theory of structures (one- and two-dimensional) as developed from the three-dimensional theory of elasticity; and second, to introduce the student to the strength and utility of variational principles and methods, including briefly making the connection to finite element methods. A complete set of homework problems is included.

This book combines a model reduction technique with an efficient parametrization scheme for the purpose of solving a class of complex and computationally expensive simulation-based problems involving finite element models. These problems, which have a wide range of important applications in several engineering fields, include reliability analysis, structural dynamic simulation, sensitivity analysis, reliability-based design optimization, Bayesian model validation, uncertainty quantification and propagation, etc. The solution of this type of problems requires a large number of dynamic re-analyses. To cope with this difficulty, a model reduction technique known as substructure coupling for dynamic analysis is considered. While the use of reduced order models alleviates part of the computational effort, their repetitive generation during the simulation processes can be computational expensive due to the substantial computational overhead that arises at the substructure level. In this regard, an efficient finite element model parametrization scheme is considered. When the division of the structural model is guided by such a parametrization scheme, the generation of a small number of reduced order models is sufficient to run the large number of dynamic re-analyses. Thus, a drastic reduction in computational effort is achieved without compromising the accuracy of the results. The capabilities of the developed procedures are demonstrated in a number of simulation-based problems involving uncertainty.

This book covers the impact of sustainable masonry on the environment, touting the many benefits of utilizing local and/or low embodied energy materials in the construction of sustainable buildings. .

This book provides a concise introduction to continuum mechanics, with a particular emphasis on fluid dynamics, suitable for upper undergraduate students in applied mathematics and related subjects. Starting with a preliminary chapter on tensors, the main topic of the book begins in earnest with the chapters on continuum kinematics and dynamics. Following chapters cover linear elasticity and both incompressible and compressible fluids. Special topics of note include nonlinear acoustics and the theory of motion of viscous thermal conducting compressible fluids. Based on an undergraduate course taught for over a decade, this textbook assumes only familiarity with multivariate calculus and linear algebra. It includes many exercises with solutions and can serve as textbook for lecture courses at the undergraduate and masters level.

This Brief deals with electrode design and placement, enhancement of both liquid and gas flow, vapor space condensation, in-tube condensation, falling film evaporation, correlations. It further provides a fundamental understanding of boiling and condensation, pool boiling, critical heat flux, convective vaporization, additives for single-phase liquids like solid particles, gas bubbles, suspensions in dilute polymer and surfactant solutions, solid additives and liquid additives for gases, additives for boiling, condensation and absorption, mass transfer resistance in gas phase (condensation with noncondensible gases, evaporation into air, dehumidifying finned tube heat exchangers, water film enhancement of finned tube exchanger), controlling resistance in liquid phase, and significant resistance in both phases. The volume is ideal for professionals and researchers dealing with thermal management in devices.

Excellent historical survey of the strength of materials with many references to the theories of elasticity and structure. 245 figures.

This volume gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of wind engineering, as presented by leading international researchers and engineers at the XV Conference of the Italian Association for Wind Engineering (IN-VENTO 2018), held in Naples, Italy on September 9-12, 2018. It covers highly diverse topics, including aeroelasticity, bluff-body aerodynamics, boundary layer wind tunnel testing, computational wind engineering, structural dynamics and reliability, wind-structure interaction, flow-induced vibrations, wind modeling and forecast, wind disaster mitigation, and wind climate assessment. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaboration among different specialists.

This book focuses on the development of a new simulation paradigm allowing for the solution of models that up to now have never been resolved and which result in spectacular CPU time savings (in the order of millions) that, combined with supercomputing, could revolutionize future ICT (information and communication technologies) at the heart of science and technology. The authors have recently proposed a new paradigm for simulation-based engineering sciences called Proper Generalized Decomposition, PGD, which has proved a tremendous potential in many aspects of forming process simulation. In this book a review of the basics of the technique is made, together with different examples of application.

This book introduces a trans-scale framework necessary for the physical understanding of breakdown behaviors and presents some new paradigm to clarify the mechanisms underlying the trans-scale processes. The book, which is based on the interaction of mechanics and statistical physics, will help to deepen the understanding of how microdamage induces disaster and benefit the forecasting of the occurrence of catastrophic rupture. It offers notes and problems in each part as interesting background and illustrative exercises. Readers of the book would be graduate students, researchers, engineers working on civil, mechanical and geo-engineering, etc. However, people with various background but interested in disaster reduction and forecasting, like applied physics, geophysics, seismology, etc., may also be interested in the book.

This book provides a concise discussion of fatigue crack growth (FCG) failure and lifing analysis methods for metallic aircraft structures and components. After a reasonably concise historical review, surveys are made of (i) the importance of fatigue for aircraft structural failures and the sources of fatigue nucleation and cracking, (ii) contemporary FCG lifing methods, and (iii) the Quantitative Fractography (QF) required for determining the actual FCG behaviour. These surveys are followed by the main part of the book, which is a discussion, using case histories, of the applicabilities of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) and non-LEFM methods for analysing service fatigue failures and full- and sub-scale test results. This discussion is derived primarily from the experiences of the Defence Science and Technology Group in Melbourne, Australia, and the Netherlands Aerospace Centre, Marknesse, the Netherlands.

This SpringerBrief covers the main scales of description of matter, starting at its finest level, the quantum scale, moving through ab-initio, molecular dynamics, coarse grained approaches, to finish at the scale of kinetic theory models that allows a nice compromise between the rich but expensive microscopic descriptions and the computationally cheap but sometimes too coarse macroscopic descriptions. The book addresses undergraduate and graduate students, as well as beginners in multi-scale modeling of materials.

Finite element methods have become ever more important to engineers as tools for design and optimization, now even for solving non-linear technological problems. However, several aspects must be considered for finite-element simulations which are specific for non-linear problems: These problems require the knowledge and the understanding of theoretical foundations and their finite-element discretization as well as algorithms for solving the non-linear equations.

This book provides the reader with the required knowledge covering the complete field of finite element analyses in solid mechanics. It is written for advanced students in engineering fields but serves also as an introduction into non-linear simulation for the practising engineer.

This book of recommendations presents an overview of High Frequency Mechanical Impact (HFMI) techniques existing today in the market and their proper procedures, quality assurance measures and documentation. Due to differences in HFMI tools and the wide variety of potential applications, certain details of proper treatments and quantitative quality control measures are presented generally. An example of procedure specification as a quality assurance measure is given in the Appendix. Moreover, the book presents procedures for the fatigue life assessment of HFMI-improved welded joints based on nominal stress, structural hot spot stress and effective notch stress. It also considers the extra benefit that has been experimentally observed for HFMI-treated high-strength steels. The recommendations offer proposals on the effect of loading conditions like high mean stress fatigue cycles, variable amplitude loading and large amplitude/low cycle fatigue cycles. Special considerations for low stress concentration welded joints are also given. In order to demonstrate the use of the guideline, the book provides several fatigue assessment examples.

This text presents the techniques for a wide set of applications, ranging from the problems of size and shape optimization (historically the first to be studied) to topology and material optimization. Structural models are considered that use both discrete and finite elements. Structural materials can be classical or new. Emerging methods are also addressed, such as automatic differentiation, intelligent structures optimization, integration of structural optimization in concurrent engineering environments, and multidisciplinary optimization. This text should be of interest to researchers and designers in industries such as aerospace, automotive, mechanical, civil, nuclear, naval and offshore. It provides a reference for advanced undergraduate or graduate courses on structural optimization and optimum design.

This Festschrift is dedicated to Professor Dr.-Ing. habil. Peter Wriggers on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Thanks to his high dedication to research, over the years Peter Wriggers has built an international network with renowned experts in the field of computational mechanics. This is proven by the large number of contributions from friends and collaborators as well as former PhD students from all over the world. The diversity of Peter Wriggers network is mirrored by the range of topics that are covered by this book. To name only a few, these include contact mechanics, finite & virtual element technologies, micromechanics, multiscale approaches, fracture mechanics, isogeometric analysis, stochastic methods, meshfree and particle methods. Applications of numerical simulation to specific problems, e.g. Biomechanics and Additive Manufacturing is also covered. The volume intends to present an overview of the state of the art and current trends in computational mechanics for academia and industry.

This primer discusses a numerical formulation of the theory of an elastic rod, known as a discrete elastic rod, that was recently developed in a series of papers by Miklos Bergou et al. Their novel formulation of discrete elastic rods represents an exciting new method to simulate and analyze the behavior of slender bodies that can be modeled using an elastic rod. The formulation has been extensively employed in computer graphics and is highly cited. In the primer, we provide relevant background from both discrete and classical differential geometry so a reader familiar with classic rod theories can appreciate, comprehend, and use Bergou et al.'s computational efficient formulation of a nonlinear rod theory. The level of coverage is suitable for graduate students in mechanics and engineering sciences.