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Books > Science & Mathematics > Chemistry > Organic chemistry > Polymer chemistry
Over the past four decades polymers containing imide groups
(usually as build ing blocks of the polymer backbone) have
attracted increasing interest of sci entists engaged in fundamental
research as well as that of companies looking into their
application and commercialization. This situation will apparently
continue in the future and justifies that from time to time reviews
be published which sum up the current state of knowledge in this
field. Imide groups may impart a variety of useful properties to
pol~'mers, e. g. , thermal stability chain stiffness,
crystallinity, mesogenic properties, photoreactivity etc. These
lead to a broad variety of potential applications. This broad and
somewhat heteroge neous field is difficult to cover in one single
review or monograph. A rather com prehensive monograph was edited
four years ago by K. Mittal, mainly concen trating on procedures
and properties of technical interest. Most reviews presented in
this volume of Advances in Polymer Science focus on fundamen tal
research and touch topics not intensively discussed in the
monograph by K. Mittal. Therefore, the editor of this work hopes
that the reader will appreci ate finding complementary information.
Finally I wish to thank all the contributors who made this work
possible and I would like to thank Dr. Gert Schwarz for the
revision of the manuscripts of the contributions 3 and 4. Hamburg,
September 1998 Hans R. Kricheldorf Contents Nanoporous Polyimides
J. L. Hedrick, K. R. Carter, l. W. Labadie, R. D. Miller, W.
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Theories and Mechanism of Phase Transitions, Heterophase Polymerizations, Homopolymerization, Addition Polymerization
(Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1994)
J. Barton, K. Binder, F. Candau, M. V. Dimonie, J. Guillot, …
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This volume includes 58 contributions to the 11th International
Conference on Surface and Colloid Science, a highly successful
conference sponsored by the International Association of Colloid
and Interface Scientists and held in Iguassu Falls, Brazil, in
September 2003. Topics covered are the following: Biocolloids and
Biological Applications, Charged Particles and Interfaces, Colloid
Stability, Colloidal Dispersions, Environmental Colloidal Science,
Interfaces and Adsorption, Nanostructures and Nanotechnology,
Self-Assembly and Structured Fluids, Surfactants and Polymers,
Technology and Applications, Colloids and Surfaces in Oil
Production. Surface and colloid science has acquired great momentum
during the past twenty years and this volume is a good display of
new results and new directions in this important area.
A. Grosberg, S. Nechaev Polymer Topology H.-W. Kammer, J. Kressler,
C. Kummerloewe Phase Behavior of Polymer Blends - Effects of
Thermodynamics and Rheology B. Hammouda Sans from Homogeneous
Polymer Mixtures: A Unified Overview E.T. Kang, K.G. Neoh, K.L. Tan
X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic Studies of Electroactive Polymers
The broad field of conformational motion disorder in crystals is
described with particular attention to the separation from the well
known mesophases of liquid crystals and plastic crystals.
Structure, thermodynamics and motion of a larger number of small
and large molecules are discussed. Of special interest are the
borderlines between smectic and high viscosity liquid crystals and
condis crystals and between plastic crystals and condis crystals as
complicated by pseudorotation, jumping between symmetry-related
states and hindered rotation. This paper illustrates the wide
distribution of conformational disorder in nature. Condis crystals
and glasses ("Con"formational "Dis"order) can be found in small and
large molecule systems made of organic, inorganic and biological
compounds. The condis state was newly discovered only four years
ago. In this article over 100 examples are discussed as example of
the condis state. In many cases the condis state was suggested for
the first time. Motion in the Condensed State, Condis Crystals and
their Relation to Plastic Crystals, Condis Crystals of Flexible
Macromolecules, Condis Crystals and their Relation to Liquid
Crystals, Condis Crystals of Stiff Macromolecules.
How did life begin on the Earth? The units of life are cells, which
can be defined as bounded systems of molecules that capture energy
and nutrients from the environment -- systems that expand,
reproduce, and evolve over time, often into more complex systems.
This book is the proceedings of a unique meeting, sponsored by NATO
and held in Maratea, Italy, that brought together for the first
time an international group of investigators who share an interest
in how molecules self-assemble into supramolecular structures, and
how those structures may have contributed to the origin of life.
The book is written at a moderately technical level, appropriate
for use by researchers and by students in upper-level undergraduate
and graduate courses in biochemistry and molecular biology. The
overall interest of its subject matter provides an excellent
introduction for students who wish to understand how the
foundational knowledge of chemistry and physics can be applied to
one of the most fundamental questions now facing the scientific
community. The editors are pioneers in defining what we mean by the
living state, particularly the manner in which simple molecular
systems can assume complex associations and functions, including
the ability to reproduce. Each chapter of the book presents an
up-to-date report of highly significant research. Two of the
authors received medals from the National Academy of Science USA in
1994, and other research reported in the book has been featured in
internationally recognized journals such Scientific American, Time,
and Discover.
In many cases rheological measurements are carried out in the
simplest of geometries, but the interpretation involved in
obtaining the rheological parameters of the test fluids from these
measurements is surprisingly complex. The purpose of this book is
to emphasise the points on which most workers in the field agree,
and to let the authors deal with the contentious points according
to their own beliefs and experience. This work represents a summary
of the current thought on rheological meas urement by experts in
the various techniques. When making measurements and obtaining from
them parameters that describe the flow behaviour of the test
fluids, it is essential that the experimentalist understands the
underlying theory and shortcomings of the measurement technique,
that he is aware of the likely microstructure of the fluid, and
that from this he can appreciate how the fluid and the measuring
system will interact with each other. It is this interaction that
gives both the required rheological parameters of the fluids and
the artefacts that confuse the issue. This book covers the main
rheological measurement techniques from capillary, slit and
stretching flows to rotational and oscillatory rheometry in various
geometries including sliding plate measurements. These topics are
backed up by chapters on more practical aspects, such as commercial
instruments, and on computer control and data acquisition. The
chapters deal with the basic methods, how the measurements are
taken, and what assumptions and interpretations are made to obtain
valid data on the test fluids."
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