Linguistic Planets of Belief presents a way for people to notice, examine, and question the role language plays in identifying, recognizing, and understanding those around them. This book introduces the metaphor of 'planets of belief' as a framework for understanding both the connections of language and identity, and the reasons we hold these perceptions so dear. It explains why we make up our minds about who people are and what they are like, even if they have only spoken a few words to us, as well as how language can dictate what we think of others as a whole. In doing so, it: Takes a large survey of linguistic research in the field of perceptual dialectology and assesses hundreds of accounts of people and their speech from hundreds of respondents. Uses maps at the state, regional, and national level in the US to expose how our linguistic perceptions of geographical regions cluster into planets of belief. Challenges readers to critically assess these assumptions and empowers readers to shift the way they think about language and to understand why they stereotype others based on speech. Equipped with such a large data set, Linguistic Planets of Belief explains the patterns that labels from perceptual maps show us and will make you consciously aware of the interaction between language use, perceptions, and stereotypes. It is essential interdisciplinary reading for students of English language, linguistics, and sociolinguistics, and will also be of interest to anyone concerned with the ways that language, ideology, and discrimination intersect.

In this timely and innovative book, Tamar Katriel takes a language and discourse-centred approach to the subject of peace activism in Israel-Palestine, one of the most significant political issues of our time, while also posing more general questions about the role played by language in activist movements - how activists themselves conceptualize their speech and its relationship to action. Viewing activism as a globalized cultural formation that gives shape and meaning to grassroots organizations' struggles for political change, this book explores the relations between the cultural categories of speech and action as constructed and evaluated in activist contexts. It focuses on the specific empirical field of defiant discourse associated with the soldierly role in Israeli culture, using it to offer an in-depth exploration of the cultural underpinnings of defiant speech. Katriel interrogates discourse-centered activism as part of social movements' action repertoires on the one hand, and of the local cultural construction of speech cultures on the other. This is critical reading for all students and scholars studying activism and social movements within linguistics, Middle Eastern studies, peace studies, and communication studies.

Although the Japanese language is one of the most quoted examples in politeness research, extant publications focus on particular areas of politeness, and very few of them enquire into the varied aspects of Japanese politeness. In this book, Yasuko Obana provides an integrated account of what signifies Japanese politeness. By examining how far previous assumptions can apply to Japanese, Obana exposes a variety of characteristics of Japanese politeness. By taking a diachronic approach, she probes into what constitutes politeness, extracts key elements of the term 'polite' in Japanese, and demonstrates how modern honorifics' apparent diverse, divergent uses and effects can be integrated into a systematic matrix. Furthermore, by quoting traditional Japanese language scholars' (kokugo gakusha) studies, Obana brings different views into the open. She also carves out politeness strategies in Japanese that have not been adequately explored to date, and which often conform to the way in which honorifi cs behave because they refl ect social indexicality. This book is a good reference for scholars in pragmatics, particularly for those who are working on politeness. It is useful for Japanese language teachers who want to know how to teach Japanese politeness to non-native learners. Postgraduate students of Japanese or pragmatics may also find this book useful for self-study.

The Peoplea (TM)s Republic of China (PRC) is a growing, developing, dynamic society that is moving to take its place as a major world power. Having the worlda (TM)s largest population, it is estimated that sometime in the next 10 years, Chinaa (TM)s economy will become the worlda (TM)s largest. This development has led a number of language experts to predict that as this power and influence grows, so too will the spread of the Chinese language, with some suggesting that it will surpass English as the worlda (TM)s most common lingua franca.

However, for the Chinese language to grow in power and influence, a number of hurdles must be overcome, in particular the challenges of technology. The barriers to growth and spread of the Chinese language are very different for spoken and written Chinese, and this monograph focuses on the written variety. It traces the language policy and planning related developments for Chinese characters, with particular emphasis on post-1950 period in the Peoplea (TM)s Republic of China (PRC) and the more recent challenges that technology, and particularly the World Wide Web, have posed for the language.

While Chinese language policy and planning developments can generally be characterized as evolutionary, currently there are forces, both reactionary, i.e. elements of traditional language and cultural purism, and revolutionary, i.e. a ~alphabetica (TM) or radical simplification schemes, at work in the PRC. The volume examines this linguistic, cultural, political, economic debate, the outcome of which could determine whether Chinese reaches its international language potential, and explores some possible language policy and planning directions for thefuture.

Given the importance of China and potential of the Chinese language, understanding of these issues is critical for not only our understanding of China, but also for second language policy as it relates to Chinese around the world.

This book evaluates a project where formal classroom learning of a second language was supplemented with informal, natural interactions with older native speakers of the target language, delivering a number of pedagogical and societal benefits. The authors introduce a model of intergenerational, intercultural encounters which aims to promote the use of community language resources; enrich the experiences of young learners; foster greater understanding between generations; break down cultural stereotypes; encourage appreciation of different cultures and enhance the quality of life and community engagement of older people with a bi/multilingual background. It draws on theories of language acquisition, discourse analysis and psychosocial perspectives to propose a model of language learning for students that can be used for any language or locality. It is therefore an essential resource for graduate students, researchers and language teachers as well as for education, aged and youth care policy makers, practitioners and community services workers who are interested in innovative language pedagogy.

This book reveals how 'double-voicing' is an inherent and routine part of spoken interactions within institutional contexts. Baxter's research shows that women use double-voicing more than men as a means of gaining acceptance and approval in the workplace. Double-voicing thus involves an interplay between power, gender and linguistic expertise.

Language Diversity in the Sinophone World offers interdisciplinary insights into social, cultural, and linguistic aspects of multilingualism in the Sinophone world, highlighting language diversity and opening up the burgeoning field of Sinophone studies to new perspectives from sociolinguistics. The book begins by charting historical trajectories in Sinophone multilingualism, beginning with late imperial China through to the emergence of English in the mid-19th century. The volume uses this foundation as a jumping off point from which to provide an in-depth comparison of modern language planning and policies throughout the Sinophone world, with the final section examining multilingual practices not readily captured by planning frameworks and the ideologies, identities, repertoires, and competences intertwined within these different multilingual configurations. Taken together, the collection makes a unique sociolinguistic-focused intervention into emerging research in Sinophone studies and will be of interest to students and scholars within the discipline.

De-Gendering Gendered Occupations brings together contributions from researchers on language and gender studies and workplace discourse to unpack and challenge hegemonic gendered norms encoded in what are traditionally considered female occupations. The volume integrates a range of theoretical frameworks, including conversation analysis, pragmatics, and interactional sociolinguistics, to analyse data from such professions as primary education, healthcare, and speech and language therapy across various geographic contexts. Through this lens, the first part of the book examines men's linguistic practices with the second part offering a comparative analysis of 'male' and 'female' discourse. The settings discussed here allow readers to gain insights into the ways in which cultural, professional, and gendered identity intersect for practitioners in these professions and in turn, future implications for discourse around gendered professions more generally. This book will be key reading for students and researchers in sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, gender studies, cultural studies, and professional discourse.

This book presents a sociolinguistic ethnography of the linguistic landscape of Chinatown in Washington, DC. The book sheds a unique light on the impact of urban development on traditionally ethnic neighbourhoods and discusses the various historical, social and cultural factors that contribute to this area's shifting linguistic landscape. Based on fieldwork, interviews with residents and visitors and analysis of community meetings and public policies, it provides an in-depth study of the production and consumption of linguistic landscape as a cultural text. Following a geosemiotic analysis of shop signs, it traces the multiple historical trajectories of discourse which shaped the bilingual landscape of the neighbourhood. Turning to the spatial contexts, it then compares and contrasts the situated meaning of the linguistic landscape for residents, community organisers and urban planners.

Slavs in the Making takes a fresh look at archaeological evidence from parts of Slavic-speaking Europe north of the Lower Danube, including the present-day territories of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, and Russia. Nothing is known about what the inhabitants of those remote lands called themselves during the sixth century, or whether they spoke a Slavic language. The book engages critically with the archaeological evidence from these regions, and questions its association with the "Slavs" that has often been taken for granted. It also deals with the linguistic evidence-primarily names of rivers and other bodies of water-that has been used to identify the primordial homeland of the Slavs, and from which their migration towards the Lower Danube is believed to have started. It is precisely in this area that sociolinguistics can offer a serious alternative to the language tree model currently favoured in linguistic paleontology. The question of how best to explain the spread of Slavic remains a controversial issue. This book attempts to provide an answer, and not just a critique of the method of linguistic paleontology upon which the theory of the Slavic migration and homeland relies. The book proposes a model of interpretation that builds upon the idea that (Common) Slavic cannot possibly be the result of Slavic migration. It addresses the question of migration in the archaeology of early medieval Eastern Europe, and makes a strong case for a more nuanced interpretation of the archaeological evidence of mobility. It will appeal to scholars and students interested in medieval history, migration, and the history of Eastern and Central Europe.

Shortlisted for the 2020 ESSE Book Award in English Language and Linguistics This monograph is the first comprehensive study of topicalization in Asian second-language varieties of English and provides an in-depth analysis of the forms, functions, and frequencies of topicalization in four Asian Englishes. Topicalization, that is, the sentence-initial placement of constituents other than the subject, has been found to occur frequently in the English spoken by many Asians, but so far the possible reasons for this have never been scrutinized. This book closes this research gap by taking into account the structures of the major contact languages, the roles of second-language acquisition and politeness as well as other factors in order to explain why topicalization is highly frequent in some varieties such as Indian English and much less frequent in other varieties such as Hong Kong English. In addition to exploring major and minor forces involved in explaining the frequency of topicalization, the forms and functions of the feature are assessed. Central questions addressed in this regard are the following: Which syntactic constituents tend to be topicalized the most and the least frequently? Which discourse effects does topicalization achieve? How can we approach topicalization methodologically? And, lastly, which influence do language processing and production have on topicalization?

This volume examines the notion of criticality in language studies. Drawing on the work of the Frankfurt School - Adorno, Habermas, Horkheimer, and Marcuse, among others - the chapters in the volume examine a variety of linguistic contexts: from gender activism to web journalism, from the classroom to the open streets. It also presents theoretical and methodological guidelines to researchers interested in * Expanding their critical outlook for meaning brought on by the notion of criticality in contemporary language studies. * Understanding criticality in languages through historical, political, and social perspectives. * Using linguistics and language studies as tools to dissect and disclose social injustices. This book will be of great interest to scholars and researchers of language studies and linguistics, philosophy, politics, and sociology and social policy.

This volume focuses on the everyday legalities and practicalities of naturalization including governmental processes, the language of citizenship tests and classes, the labelling and lived experiences of immigrants/outsiders and the media's interpretation of this process. The book brings together scholars from a wide range of specialities who accentuate language and raise issues that often remain unarticulated or masked in the media. The contributors highlight how governmental policies and practices affect native-born citizens and residents differently on the basis of legal status. Furthermore, the authors observe that many issues that are typically seen as affecting immigrants (such as language policies, nationalist identities and feelings of belonging) also impact first-generation native-born citizens who are seen as, or see themselves as, outsiders.

A lot of what we know about "exotic languages" is owed to the linguistic activities of missionaries. They had the languages put into writing, described their grammar and lexicon, and worked towards a standardization, which often came with Eurocentric manipulation. Colonial missionary work as intellectual (religious) conquest formed part of the Europeans' political colonial rule, although it sometimes went against the specific objectives of the official administration. In most cases, it did not help to stop (or even reinforced) the displacement and discrimination of those languages, despite oftentimes providing their very first (sometimes remarkable, sometimes incorrect) descriptions. This volume presents exemplary studies on Catholic and Protestant missionary linguistics, in the framework of the respective colonial situation and policies under Spanish, German, or British rule. The contributions cover colonial contexts in Latin America, Africa, and Asia across the centuries. They demonstrate how missionaries dealing with linguistic analyses and descriptions cooperated with colonial institutions and how their linguistic knowledge contributed to European domination.

The highlanders of New Guinea are renowned for their elaborate systems of ceremonial exchange. Although much has been written about them, previous accounts have concentrated far less on the conduct of exchange events than on the structure of exchange systems. This 1991 book deals centrally with the conduct of particular exchange events, and shows through examination of them how larger social structures are reproduced and transformed. As part of the emphasis on exchange as social action, the book closely examines the oratory that plays a crucial part in the events. Basing their study on original fieldwork carried out in the Nebilyer Valley, Francesca Merlan and Alan Rumsey focus on an inter related set of large-scale compensation payments which arose out of an episode of warfare. This book furthers our understanding of the interaction between social structures and historical events; and particularly of the crucial role of talk. It will be of special interest to anthropologists and linguists.

This book advances the growing area of language policy and planning (LPP) by examining the epistemological and theoretical foundations that engendered and sustain the field, drawing on insights and approaches from anthropology, linguistics, economics, political science, and education to create an accessible and inter-disciplinary overview of LPP as a coherent discipline. Throughout the book, the authors address LPP from different perspectives, exploring the interface between planning in theory and its practical problems in implementation. This volume will be of interest to students and scholars with an interest in LPP in particular, and educational, social, and public policy more broadly.

This book explores the extent to which self-praise is acceptable in both offline and online contexts, across different genres, platforms, and cultural backgrounds. The data analyzed encompass both naturally occurring (daily conversation as well as institutional talk) and elicited (experiments and interviews) types, and are explored at both quantitative and qualitative levels to offer a relatively systematic and comprehensive inquiry into self-praise as social (inter)action. Contributors to this book not only draw on traditional politeness theories but are also informed by social psychology, interactional sociolinguistics, CMC, and (multimodal) discourse analysis. They are inspired by pragmatics but also go beyond to ground their studies within locally situated cultural contexts, most of which are under-presented in the current academic world. Their efforts substantiate the fact that self-praise is most worthy of intensive analytic attention. This book appeals to students and researchers in the field and contributes to the way communication is facilitated through different ways of deploying linguistic and interactional resources.

Statistics in Language Research gives a non-technical but more or less complete treatment of Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for language researchers. ANOVA is the most frequently used technique when handling the outcomes of research designs with more than two treatments or groups. This technique is used in all parts of linguistics which deal with observations obtained in survey studies and in (quasi-)experimental research, like applied linguistics, psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics, language and speech pathology and phonetics. Most statistical textbooks in the social sciences take examples typical of their own field and, in addition, omit subjects which are particularly relevant for language researchers, like power analysis, quasi F, F1, F2 and minF'. This book offers a thorough introduction to the basic principles of analysis of variance, based on examples taken from language research, and goes beyond the conventional topics treated in introductory textbooks, as it covers topics like 'violations of assumptions', 'missing data', 'problems in repeated measures designs', 'alternatives to analysis of variance' (such as randomization tests and multilevel analysis). Each chapter consists of four sections: treatment of the subject under discussion, a summary of relevant terms and concepts, a section devoted to reporting statistics, and finally an exercise section. After the first introductory chapter, in which fundamental concepts like 'variables', 'cases' and SPSS data formats are presented, the book continues with two 'refreshment' chapters, in which the principles of statistical testing are revised, focusing on the well-known t test. These chapters also deal with the essential, but often neglected concepts of 'statistical power' and 'sample size'. In every chapter examples of SPSS input and output are given.

This book examines language, nation and identity from a gendered perspective and investigates to what extent women use Catalan in their everyday social practices to construct gendered and national identities. Drawing on a unique body of oral history interviews, the focus of the study is three female generations, covering 50 years of historical change from the 1960s to the present. What the Women Have to Say analyses the preservation of the Catalan language during Francos regime; how the emergence of a feminist movement and discourse, and changing patterns of migration, have transformed the relationship between gender and national identity in Catalonia; and the role that Catalan plays today in defining womens identities and as a nation-building tool. Additional analysis of a corpus of social media data explores the online Catalan discourses of nationalism and its gendered dimensions. A central interpretative tool is the concept of intersectionality, emphasising genders inter-connectedness with categories of class and ethnicity. An intergenerational approach, and a focus on the local using a case study of a Catalan village outside the regions capital, opens new perspectives on the Catalan issue. By bringing together approaches from sociocultural linguistics and oral history, What the Women Have to Say provides important linkages between the economic, political and social circumstances pertaining today as they impact on the issue of nationalism in particular and in the wider discourses of nationalism, identity and migration in twenty-first century Europe. Published in association with the Canada Blanch Centre for Contemporary Spanish Studies

Este libro reune contribuciones de destacados investigadores de la linguistica hispanica para ofrecer un panorama integral de los castellanos del Peru, incluidos algunos que han sido tradicionalmente objeto de discriminacion, como el castellano andino, el amazonico y el afroperuano. Los capitulos se concentran en diferentes variedades habladas en el Peru desde distintos enfoques teoricos y metodologicos, atendiendo a su formacion, su contexto social e historico y los fenomenos de contacto que las caracterizan. De este modo, aunque el volumen tiene un foco regional muy especifico, los problemas que aborda son de interes y relevancia para el estudio de otras variedades del espanol, para el tratamiento de otros problemas derivados del contacto linguistico y para la dialectologia e historia de los castellanos latinoamericanos en general. Escrito en castellano, este volumen sera de interes para estudiantes graduados en linguistica hispanica e investigadores dedicados a la dialectologia, la sociolinguistica y la linguistica del contacto.

Language and Migration provides a lively introduction to the relationship between language and migration. Drawing on real-world case studies from Africa, the Americas, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and New Zealand, this book investigates the language and literacy practices which sustain, extend, or curb different forms of migration. Individual trajectories, family networks, and societal level policy are examined through an interdisciplinary perspective on empires and colonialism, transnationalism, and globalization. Exploring the linguistic diversity which has resulted from voluntary and forced migration, this book covers theories from migration studies, applied linguistics, sociolinguistics, sociology, and education studies, and offers broad coverage of different contexts of migration across the globe. It provides students and teachers with: Migration theories to interrogate current thinking on human mobility. Concepts from applied linguistics combined with other disciplines to explore complex migration experiences in countries of origin and destination. A critical understanding of language and power in economic migration and forced migration. An introduction to the role of language in broader debates about the impact of migration on national and international policies such as international development, global security, and education. Practical guidance on using discourse analysis to identify how migrant identities are constructed in the media and how this affects our understandings of asylum, immigration, and social cohesion. Featuring a range of activities and case studies in each chapter, Language and Migration is essential reading for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students studying this topic.

Emmaus movement transnational movement ideas in different socio-political, economic, historical and linguistic contexts. sociolinguistics, linguistic anthropology, discourse studies, cultural studies, and sociology.

Centered on the narratives from ethnically and racially diverse scholars of color with experience studying and working in predominantly White institutions in the United States, this volume offers critical reflection on common assumptions, policies, and practices which limit or preclude racial diversity and inclusion in various types of educational contexts and settings. Scholars at different stages of their careers and from varied sociocultural backgrounds offer powerful critiques of contemporary experiences of disproportionality, mis/labelling, and exploitation, among others. Exploring both personal and professional repercussions of these lived inequalities, the candid insights of racialized challenges and imbalances are linked to the schooling experiences of minoritized K-12 learners and their families. This book proposes solutions to promote equitable and inclusive environments for faculty and scholars from racialized backgrounds in higher education with a specific focus on universities with education programs. Students, scholars, and researchers across a broad number of fields including Educational Leadership, Ethnic Studies, Teacher Education, Higher Education may benefit from the discussions provided in this work.

The Routledge Handbook of Arabic and Identity offers a comprehensive and up-to-date account of studies that relate the Arabic language in its entirety to identity. This handbook offers new trajectories in understanding language and identity more generally and Arabic and identity in particular. Split into three parts, covering 'Identity and Variation', 'Identity and Politics' and 'Identity Globalisation and Diversity', it is the first of its kind to offer such a perspective on identity, linking the social world to identity construction and including issues pertaining to our current political and social context, including Arabic in the diaspora, Arabic as a minority language, pidgin and creoles, Arabic in the global age, Arabic and new media, Arabic and political discourse. Scholars and students will find essential theories and methods that relate language to identity in this handbook. It is particularly of interest to scholars and students whose work is related to the Arab world, political science, modern political thought, Islam and social sciences including: general linguistics, sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, anthropological linguistics, anthropology, political science, sociology, psychology, literature media studies and Islamic studies.

This book investigates the maintenance of multilingualism and minority languages in 12 different minority communities across Europe, all of which are underrepresented in international minority language studies. The book presents a number of case studies covering a broad range of highly diverse minorities and languages with different historical and socio-political backgrounds. Despite current legislation and institutional and educational support, the authors surmise there is no guarantee for the maintenance of minority languages, suggesting changes in attitudes and language ideologies are the key to promoting true multilingualism. The book also introduces a new tool, the European Language Vitality Barometer, for assessing the maintenance of minority languages on the basis of survey data. The book is based on the European Language Diversity for All (ELDIA) research project which was funded by the European Commission (7th framework programme, 2010-2013).