Despite the rise of 'new' security threats like terrorism, cyber-war and piracy, the terrible destructive power of nuclear weapons still hangs over the world. Discussion on further strategic nuclear arms reduction has tended to be dominated by the analysis of possible trade-offs between the US and Russia. But as the prospect of further cuts below 'New START' levels is contemplated, increasing attention needs to be paid to the possible shape of a new, multi-power approach to nuclear restraint. While restraint at low numbers goes with the grain of thinking in most nuclear states, correct sequencing will be vital. Using the New START framework, attention could initially be focused on incremental decreases in US and Russian stocks of the most dangerous weapons. Thereafter, the other nuclear powers would need to take steps to limit the size and capabilities of their own arsenals in a process of mutual reductions. If successful, the benefits would be wide ranging: successful restraint amongst existing nuclear-armed states could engender trust, as well as provide mechanisms for reducing the risks of rapid escalation in the event of limited conflict. Less is Better considers the various challenges and opportunities for ensuring restraint at low numbers in today's complicated web of bilateral nuclear relationships and in the context of the debate on 'Global Zero'.

Issues of leisure and dying are not often discussed in depth by those in recreation or thanatology. However, Recreation, Leisure, and Chronic Illness bridges the gap between leisure and thanatology. Professionals know that when illness, disability, stress, or poverty threaten the quantity and quality of a person's life, leisure takes on great meaning. Readers will find in this truly unique book how leisure can be a positive counterforce to the physical and mental diminishments that erode health and work.Contributors to Recreation, Leisure and Chronic Illness explore the philosophy of leisure and how freedom, enjoyment, self-determination, and breaking the set patterns of daily life are central to true leisure, for persons in all walks of life. These authors illustrate the need for leisure in a wide variety of settings and in the face of multiple threats to both the quantity and the quality of life. Readers will find chapters filled with expert theories on how to help clients with limiting conditions realize the fulfillment of their leisure desires, the problem of groups left at the margins of the current health care policy who are also poorly served by the leisure professions, and the inevitable funding dilemma. Specific chapters focus on: improving leisure lifestyles as a crucial first step in rehabilitation the role and importance of recreation in lives of persons with AIDS benefits of recreation programs in senior centers and care centers community-based recreation programs that emphasize preserving existing coping patterns and maintaining daily functioning the ability of recreation to sustain hope for psychiatric patients relationships between leisure education and death education how creative activities--music, dance, art, and creative writing--are used to promote physical mental healthWhile the chapters in Recreation, Leisure and Chronic Illness range from policy issues to specific recreation programs, as a whole they show the healing power of leisure. Professionals and students in both recreation and thanatology fields will find this volume an enlightening approach to promoting healing in those suffering from life-threatening conditions--medical, social, economic, or environmental.

This first full length treatment of the role of morality in tourism examines how the tourism encounter is also fundamentally a moral encounter. Drawing upon interdisciplinary perspectives, leading and new authors in the field address topics that range from volunteer tourism to fertility tourism to reveal new insights into the ways tourism encounters are implicated in, and contribute to, broader moral reconfigurations in Western and non-Western contexts. Illustrating the role of power and power relations in tourism encounters within different political, economic, environmental and cultural contexts, the authors in this anthology analyse, theoretically and empirically, the implications of the privileging of some moralities at the expense of others. Key themes include the moral consumption of tourism experiences, embodiment in tourism encounters, environmental moralities as well as methodological aspects of morality in tourism research. Crossing disciplinary and chronological boundaries, Moral Encounters in Tourism provides a much-anticipated overview of this new interdisciplinary terrain and offers possible routes for new research on the intersection of morality and tourism studies.

Tourism looks set to replace oil as the most important global industry. James Elliot explores the ways in which governments of both developed and developing countries manage this increasingly diverse and volatile industry, providing a historic and economic overview as well as the reasons why and how governments are involved in tourism management. Using case studies from the UK, Australia and the Third World this wide ranging book covers: policy-making and planning; local governments; airlines and airports; and environmental control and sustainable development. Detailed information boxes and excerpts of official documents illustrate government management of the tourism system and provide critieria for evaluation

How do we re-theorize tourism? By drawing less on the Foucauldian notion of 'tourism as gazing' and instead focusing on the social construction of meaning in the landscape, this insightful book provides an innovative and compelling new approach to tourist studies. Arguing that in any view of the landscape and in tourism generally there is a multiplicity of insider and outsider meanings, the book grounds tourism studies within the framework of social theory, and particularly in the social theoretic approaches to landscape. Bringing together specialists in tourism and landscape studies to discuss the relationships between the two, it finds that issues of identity are a common thread and are raised with regard to the social construction of landscape and its portrayal through tourism. The international studies range in scale from regional to national, personal to political, and from local residents to international tourists, highlighting the multiplicity of interpretations and meanings between these scales.

A nation's heritage is one of the most potent forces for generating tourism: the Tower of London is the greatest 'visitor attraction' in Britain. But it is pushed into insignificance by comparison with the visitors travelling to Disneyland, Epcot and the other entertainment complexes in the USA; and it will be dwarfed by Euro-Disneyland east of Paris. So how should heritage attractions respond: should they find their own specific audiences and resources? This book, written by a leading hertage specialist, is essential reading for all those concerned both with heritage and leisure managment. International in scope, it examines successfgul examples of heritage management for tourism, and equally some failures. It aims to lay some useful ground rules which should underpin all heritage developments designed to attract tourism on a major scale.

'Tourism and Hospitality in the 21st Century' is a collection of essays which consider the future of tourism and hospitality. The international team of contributors represent a wide range of interests involved in tourism and hospitality. Divided into three parts, this book analyses: * Global dimensions, patterns and trends -demographic, social, economic and technical * Regional development of such areas as Africa, Asia, Europe and America, among others * The future of various sectors within the industries - such as transport, tourist attractions, coastal resorts and timesharing. 'Tourism and Hospitality in the 21st Century' is suitable for: senior personnel in private and public sector tourism and hospitality operations; international and national official tourism bodies and other organizations; universities and other higher education institutions; universitties and other higher education institutions; consultancy; finance, construction and supply industries; and as a reference point for students.

Sport and Tourism: Globalization, Mobility and Identity marks a new era in sport tourism texts. Written by global experts whose previous collaborations have been integral to the development of the field, the book applies key social science concepts and issues relevant to the academic study of sport and tourism. This is a ground-breaking text, which: Critically explores the wider manifestations of sport-related tourism and mobility Addresses key themes such as globalization, mobility and identity Explores the unique interrelationship that exists in a sport tourism context between activity, people and place Includes case studies written by a range of leading scholars from around the world Set to be the an essential text for any student or academic in the field, this book cements and advances previous studies by building upon existing literature, while extending the field by exploring avenues of study that are yet to be comprehensively addressed. The latest collaboration by internationally renowned authors applies new theoretical perspectives for the advancement of sport tourism.

Culinary Taste: Consumer Behaviour in the International Restaurant Sector looks at the factors that influence our culinary tastes and dining behaviour, illustrating how they can translate into successful business in industry. With a foreword from Prue Leith, restaurateur, author, teacher, and prolific cookery writer and novelist, and a list of well-known and respected international contributors from the UK, France, Australia and Hong Kong, this text discusses the issues involved from a multitude of angles.

Over recent years, unforeseen global risks have placed the future of a growing tourism industry in jeopardy. From lethal virus outbreaks to multiple accounts of international violence, policymakers and specialists have acknowledged the importance of working on an agenda that balances the stability of international tourist destinations. Impact of Risk Perception Theory and Terrorism on Tourism Security: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a collection of innovative research on the methods and applications of tourism crisis management that takes an anthropological approach to tourism safety and security. While highlighting topics including disaster potential, political instability, and virtual terrorism, this book is ideally designed for policymakers, law enforcement, tour developers, hotel managers, event planners, event coordinators, travel agencies, government officials, researchers, and professionals in the hospitality and tourism industry.

Travel to exotic places is fascinating, and equally so are infections and other dangers of exotic travel. Moreover, one need not be traveling to suffer these maladies; sometimes they travel to you. The enormous global mobility demands a public health response. The result is the concept of 'travel medicine' as a separate discipline. This book describes the evolution of travel medicine, travel vaccines, malaria prophylaxis and infections of adventure and leisure. This book is unique and different to the standard textbooks on travel medicine. It provides rare insights into many of the behind-the-scenes in travel medicine, personal stories of failures and successes of travel medicine practitioners, the 'real life' tales that unravel the science behind travel medicine. We believe that the best lessons are learned from personal stories. Not every travel is fun. Some travel is for a cause, be it religious or humanitarian, or be it to escape certain political systems. We have added stories on the tragedies of so-called 'undocumented refugees', and stories written by colleagues who were involved in humanitarian care. Pilgrimages attract large number of 'travelers' and yet we know so little about these pilgrimages. Chapters on the Muslim, Hindu, Buddhist, and Christian pilgrimages aim to correct this. Diseases also travel. The spread of global diseases and pandemics is fascinating. This book provides an overview of the pandemics, in particular that of cholera, yellow fever, severe acute respiratory syndrome and influenza. Globalization, migration and health lead to a history of disease and disparity in the global village - our world. And what about the revised International Health Regulations- what do we need to know about them in the context of travel medicine? In the next millennium, our world will have inherited further global movement. It may even include travel to aerospace. The 'Epilogue' awakes some of our old dreams - the last frontier, space travel... Annelies Wilder-Smith has lived in China, Papua New Guinea, Nepal, New Zealand, and Switzerland. She is currently based in Singapore from where she continues to travel extensively throughout Asia. She is the Head of the Travellers Health ' Vaccination Centre in Singapore, one of the largest travel clinics in Asia. She was in a unique position to do research on W135 meningococcal disease in Hajj pilgrims during the outbreak. She 'lived through' the SARS epidemic in Singapore. Eli Schwartz is the Director of the Center for Geographic Medicine and Tropical Diseases at Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. Eli is a 'real' tropical medicine specialist. He obtained all his experience in the field, including Nepal, Tibet, and numerous adventure travels to Africa where he prefers to do his studies on the sides of the Omo River. Marc Shaw is a passionate traveler, doctor, actor and observer of fine humor. His favorite pastime is to be an expedition doctor. This has taken him to exotic places such as Namibia, Mongolia, Pitcairn Islands, and to the Amazon. He is the Director of WORLDWIDE Travellers' Health Centres in New Zealand.

Big or small, islands and their inhabitant communities have long been the focus of intellectual enquiry, but in recent years a whole host of new academic institutes, journals, and conferences have devoted themselves to their study and research. And while early scholarly work mostly originated from those working in the natural sciences, and in Physical and Human Geography, Anthropology, and Archaeology, in the last twenty years or so serious research has also burgeoned under the rubric of, for example, Cultural Geography, Regional Development, Environmental Studies, Tourism, and Identity Studies. This new four-volume collection from Routledge meets the need for a comprehensive reference work to allow users to make better sense of this voluminous scholarly and practical literature. Indeed, the sheer scale-and range-of the research output makes this title especially welcome. Island Studies is fully indexed and has a comprehensive introduction, newly written by the editors, which places the material in its intellectual context. It is an essential work of reference and is destined to be valued by scholars, advanced students, and policy-makers as a vital one-stop research resource.

Providing a unique analysis of current multidisciplinary research on the complex relationships between tourism and the imaginaries of tourist destinations, this book traces the links between tourism imaginaries and their religious (heaven) and political (utopia) antecedents. The substantive chapters are organised into three main thematic sections, the first explores the touristic production and consumption of place imaginaries, the second analyses the way places are practiced through imaginaries and the role imaginaries play in the tourist experience and the final section explores the way images and the media participate in the creation of tourism imaginaries.

International Hospitality Business: Management and Operations will introduce hospitality managers to the most up-to-date developments in hospitality to prepare you for the rapidly changing world of international hospitality. This book is a compilation of the most current research in global operations. It examines new developments, new management concepts, and new corporate mergers. International Hospitality Business analyzes and discusses the complexity of the political, economic, financial, commercial, and cultural environment within which international business takes place to help you become a productive global manager. Through International Hospitality Business, you will learn how an effective global hospitality manager must have a broad trans-disciplinary perspective that includes studies in politics, culture, and geography to better prepare for the complexity of international operations. Expand your knowledge of how to deal with the issues that confront hospitality firms and managers in international development and operations by: understanding the great demand for competent managers to oversee operations in foreign countries because of the explosive growth of the international hospitality industry exploring the complex issues faced by hospitality managers when they are assigned to work overseas gaining insight into international hospitality firms'policies regarding developmental strategy, organizational structure, marketing, finance, accounting, and human resource management recognizing the international hospitality industry as an integral part of the service import and export business to help students gain a better understanding of managerial rolesWith The International Hospitality Business, you will examine world travel patterns, major hotel chains, and foodservice companies in different regions of the world to expand your knowledge and help you face the dynamic changing world of international hospitality. While this volume provides you with important, comprehensive knowledge that will help you manage the your overseas hospitality operations in a way that keeps the most important person in any business--the customer--contented.

Tourism based on natural environments is a huge international industry and this industry needs access to land with scenery, native plants and wildlife. In turn, land managers need money to maintain their land and its natural resources. This book looks at the economic, social and environmental consequences of nature-based tourism. It discusses the importance of links and partnerships, as well as the conflicts, between commercial tourism interests and land management agencies. Born from the Fenner conference on Nature Tourism and the Environment, held in Canberra, Australia, 2001, the book includes selected proceedings which have been refereed and substantially revised.

Food and Wine Festivals and Events Around the World is a pioneering text that recognises the importance of this rapidly growing aspect of the tourism industry. Food and wine festivals and events play a significant role in rural and urban development and regeneration and the impacts of these events can be far ranging at a social, political, economic and environmental level. This innovative book recognises the development of food and wine festivals as a part of regional and national tourism strategies and uses international case studies to illustrate practice and contextualise theory. Bringing together an international contributor team of experts, this is the first book to study this profitable and expanding area of the tourism industry and provides a unique resource for those studying in the fields of tourism, event management and culinary arts.

Innovation and Best Practices in Hospitality and Tourism Research contains 71 accepted papers from the Hospitality and Tourism Conference (HTC 2015, Melaka, Malaysia, 2-3 November, 2015). The book presents the "up-and-coming" paradigms and innovative practices within the hospitality and tourism industries, and covers the following topics: Management in Hospitality, Tourism, Foodservice and Gastronomy, Hospitality, Tourism and Foodservice Environment: Trends, New Concepts, and Developments, Education and Industry Linkages, Corporate Social Responsibility and Business Ethics in Hospitality and Tourism Industry, Economic / Social / Environmental / Cultural Impact of Tourism, Global Perspectives on Business, Hospitality and Tourism. Marketing Channels, Issues and Transformations in Hospitality and Tourism Industry, Information and Communication Technologies in Hospitality and Tourism Industry, Marketing Approaches/ Strategies in Hospitality and Tourism Industry, Consumer Behaviour in Hospitality and Tourism Industry, Human Resource Management in Hospitality and Tourism, Health and Wellness Tourism, Gastronomic Tourism, Sports Tourism, Islamic/Halal Tourism and Hospitality Management, Tourism Security and Safety, Tourism Development and Planning, Green Technology and Strategies in Hospitality and Tourism, Food Safety, Quality and Innovations, Research and Knowledge Transfer, International Tourism and Management of Crisis, Infrastructure, Development and Sustainability in Hospitality and Tourism Industry, Trends in Entrepreneurial Activity in Business and Hospitality, Trends in Accommodation, Food and Beverage, Transportation, Leisure and Events, and Hospitality Training and Development. The contributions on diverse topics present new ideas and information on the "stateof-the-art" research into hospitality and tourism. Innovation and Best Practices in Hospitality and Tourism Research will indeed be a useful reference for academics, postgraduate students as well as professionals involved in the fields of hospitality and tourism.

*Please note the 2015 paperback is a reprint of the original 2008 hardback* In an increasingly urbanized world more and more people are turning to our forests and woodland for recreation and tourism. Planning and providing for this growing demand poses challenges that need to be addressed by managers and designers alike. Based on a study of forest recreation from across Europe, the editors bring together the expertise of more than eighty leading professionals and academics to provide a clear and concise guide to best practice. Case studies and careful research give a detailed insight into the issues that forest recreation raises, from strategic planning to integration into the existing rural economy. Essential reading for tourism planners, landscape designers and countryside managers delivering forest recreation and tourism.

eTourism Case Studies bridges the gap in contemporary literature by carefully examining marketing and management issues of many international companies that have successfully implemented eTourism solutions. Divided into six sections this book explores the newest developments in this field, introducing and discussing emerging trends, approaches, models and paradigms, providing visions for the future of eTourism and supporting discussion and elaboration with the help of thorough pedagogic aids. With contributions from leading global experts both from the industry and academia, each case follows a rigid structure, with features such as bulleted summaries and review questions, as well as each section having its own thorough introduction and conclusion written by the editors, highlighting the key issues and theories. This is the first book of its kind to bring together cases highlighting best practice and methods for exploiting ICT in the tourism industry, from international market leaders.

The spa industry is currently the fastest growing segment of the hospitality and leisure industry with revenues exceeding those from amusement parks, box office receipts, vacation ownership gross sales and ski resort ticket sales. Understanding the Global Spa Industry is the first book to examine management practices in this industry and offers a groundbreaking and comprehensive approach to global spa management, covering everything from the beginnings of the industry through to contemporary management and social and ethical issues. With contributions from internationally renowned business leaders, practitioners and academics, this unique book is packed with case studies, examples and advice for all those working in, and studying, the international spa industry. Understanding the Global Spa Industry brings an analytic lens to the spa movement, examining past, current and future trends and the potential for shaping wellness and health services in the 21st century.

The promulgation of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism by the General Assembly of the World Tourism Organization in 1999 underscored the growing importance of tourism ethics as a significant domain of research and study. Following the lead of other applied fields-like environmental ethics, business ethics, and medical ethics-scholars working in tourism ethics provide theoretical guidance to any number of pressing real-world problems and issues. As work in tourism ethics continues to flourish, this new title from Routledge meets the need for an authoritative reference work to make sense of a vast and dispersed body of literature. Edited by David A. Fennell, Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Ecotourism, Tourism Ethics is a four-volume collection of classic and contemporary contributions. It brings together material drawn from a plethora of journals, as well as excerpts from key books and difficult-to-find sources. The first volume of the set covers the main theories of ethics and collects materials that explore why ethics is so important to tourism. Volume II emphasizes the applied nature of ethics in tourism. Codes of ethics, corporate social responsibility, and environmental ethics are examples of this applied work. The third volume, meanwhile, is devoted to how ethics have been used in specific types of tourism. Ecotourism is well represented here, as well as notions of 'responsible tourism', 'fair trade', and the troubling relationship between poverty and tourism. Volume IV of the collection accentuates the value of building ethics into the structure of educational programmes. The major works gathered here include those that examine the relationship between the academy and the practice of tourism. With a comprehensive introduction, newly written by the editor, which places the collected materials in their historical and intellectual context, Tourism Ethics is an essential work of reference and is sure to be welcomed by scholars, students, and practitioners as a vital one-stop resource.

By 2030, China will be the world's largest tourism destination, holidays in Outer Space will be the ultimate luxury experience, extreme Swedish ironing will be an Olympic Sport, embedded technologies will be the norm in future tourists and skiing in the Alps will be no more. These are some of the changes that will occur between now and 2030 that will change world tourism. Tomorrows Tourist: Scenarios & Trends enables readers to imagine what a future tourist might be, where they will go and what they will do. This is the most comprehensive analysis of how world tourism is changing and what it means for destinations. Each chapter consists of a scenario about a future tourist, which is then is backed up with evidence and trends plus a number of assumptions about the future. The book is accompanied by its own website at http://www.tomorrowstourist.com which is owned and regularly updated by the author.

Now in its second edition, the successful 'Development and Management of Visitor Attractions' has been fully revised and updated to cover the latest issues in this ever-changing area of tourism.

New features/topics include:

* The Millennium Dome

* National Lottery funded projects

* International case studies

* Updated statistics and examples

The author examines the factors that contribute to the success of visitor attractions. 'The Development and Management of Visitor Attractions' 2nd Edition, covers every aspect of the process of developing and managing different kinds of attractions. Theories explored throughout the text are illustrated through a range of examples and case studies drawn from a number of countries.

Table of Contents

Preface; The context - Introduction; The role of visitor attractions in tourism; The visitor attraction product; The visitor attraction market; The business environment and visitor attractions; The development of visitor attractions - The development process and the role of feasibility studies; Factors influencing the success of visitor attractions; Financing visitor attraction projects; Designing visitor attractions; Project management; The management of visitor attractions - The role of the manager and management styles; The marketing concept; Strategic marketing planning; The implementation of marketing strategies; Human resource management; Financial management; Operations management; Management and the 'greening' of attractions; Managing quality; Managing change and planning for the future; Case studies; The future of visitor attractions; Bibliography and further reading; Index.

This proceedings volume contains papers presented at the 2015 International Conference on Management and Technology in Knowledge, Service, Tourism & Hospitality (SERVE 2015), covering a wide range of topics in the fields of knowledge and service management, web intelligence, tourism and hospitality. This overview of current state of affairs and anticipated developments will be of interest to researchers, entrepreneurs and students alike.

Tourism has become increasingly shaped by neoliberal policies, yet the consequences of this neoliberalisation are relatively under-explored. This book provides a wide-ranging inquiry into the particular manifestations of different variants of neoliberalism, highlighting its uneven geographical development and the changing dynamics of neoliberal policies in order to explain and evaluate the effects of neoliberal processes on tourism. Covering a variety of different aspects of neoliberalism and tourism, the chapters investigate how different types of tourism are used as part of more general neoliberalisation agendas, how neoliberalism differs according to the geographic context, the importance of discourse in shaping neoliberal practices and the different approaches of putting the neoliberal ideology into practice. Aiming to initiate debates about the connections between neoliberalism and tourism and advance further research avenues, this book makes a timely contribution which discusses the relationships between markets, nation-states and societies from a social science perspective. Neoliberalism is considered as a political-economic ideology, as variants of the global neoliberal project, as discourse and practices through which neoliberalism is enacted.