This book provides a comprehensive treatment of intensity dependent particle beam instabilities in accelerating rings. Written for researchers, the material is also suitable for use as a textbook in an advanced graduate course for students studying accelerator physics.The presentation starts with a brief review of the basic concept of wake potentials and coupling impedances in the vacuum chamber followed by a discussion on static and dynamic solutions of their effects on the particle beams. Special emphasis is placed separately on proton and electron machines. Other special topics of interest covered include Landau damping, Balakin-Novokhatsky-Smirnov damping, Sacherer's integral equations, Landau cavity, saw-tooth instability, Robinson stability criteria, beam loading, transition crossing, two-stream instabilities, and collective instability issues of isochronous rings. After the formulation of an instability, readers are provided a thorough description of one or more experimental observations together with a discussion of the cures for the instability.Although the book is theory oriented, the use of mathematics has been minimized. The presentation is intended to be rigorous and self-contained with nearly all the formulas and equations derived.

Hardbound. The proceedings of this workshop focus on recent developments in and research on heavy ion collisions. Furthermore it covers the physics which can be carried out by radioactive beams and with heavy ion storage rings. It contains review articles which examine in depth the latest research results and presents a state-of-art view of this fast exanding field. All the chapters are written by leading experts active in the field today.

Mesoporous silica has large-scale industrial applications such as catalysis, drug delivery and bio/chemical absorptions. This book is devoted to all aspects and types of this material, focusing synthesis of mesoporous silica with anionic amphiphilic molecules. Characterization, properties, and applications are also discussed, making the book an essential reference for material scientists, chemists, and chemical Engineer.

Experiments since 1911 prove that the distance between nuclear particles constituting atomic bodies is a hundred thousand times larger than the diameters of these particles. Hence the volumes of all atomic bodies including ourselves are space-like empty, a hundred times more empty than the volume of the solar system. Scores of experiments also prove that space contains electrons and positrons bound to each other by energies of a million electron volts per pair, and form a cubic lattice, named the epola.Based on the epola model of space, this book reveals the physical nature of inertia, gravitation, the spreading of electromagnetic and gravitational actions in space with the velocity of light, and derives their laws. The postulates of quantum and relativity theories are also derived and turned into explainable physical laws. Thus physics is restored as the natural science it had been before it was turned into a science of axiomatic statements and calculations.The book will appeal both to serious scientists and students as well as the general reader interested in scientific explanations of the physical world. Since as a natural science physics deals with the simplest and most basic natural phenomena, this book will be as accessible to the general public as biology books.

What on earth do bananas have to do with quantum mechanics? From a modern perspective, quantum mechanics is about strangely counterintuitive correlations between separated systems, which can be exploited in feats like quantum teleportation, unbreakable cryptographic schemes, and computers with enormously enhanced computing power. Schro?dinger coined the term "entanglement" to describe these bizarre correlations. Bananaworld - an imaginary island with "entangled" bananas - brings to life the fascinating discoveries of the new field of quantum information without the mathematical machinery of quantum mechanics. The connection with quantum correlations is fully explained in sections written for the non-physicist reader with a serious interest in understanding the mysteries of the quantum world. The result is a subversive but entertaining book that is accessible and interesting to a wide range of readers, with the novel thesis that quantum mechanics is about the structure of information. What we have discovered is that the possibilities for representing, manipulating, and communicating information are very different than we thought.

Nuclear Fusion by Inertial Confinement provides a comprehensive analysis of directly driven inertial confinement fusion. All important aspects of the process are covered, including scientific considerations that support the concept, lasers and particle beams as drivers, target fabrication, analytical and numerical calculations, and materials and engineering considerations. Authors from Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, Spain, and the U.S. have contributed to the volume, making it an internationally significant work for all scientists working in the Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) field, as well as for graduate students in engineering and physics with interest in ICF.

"This book contains overviews on technologically important classes of glasses, their treatment to achieve desired properties, theoretical approaches for the description of structure-property relationships, and new concepts in the theoretical treatment of crystallization in glass-forming systems. It contains overviews about the state of the art and about specific features for the analysis and application of important classes of glass-forming systems, and describes new developments in theoretical interpretation by well-known glass scientists. Thus, the book offers comprehensive and abundant information that is difficult to come by or has not yet been made public." Edgar Dutra Zanotto (Center for Research, Technology and Education in Vitreous Materials, Brazil) Glass, written by a team of renowned researchers and experienced book authors in the field, presents general features of glasses and glass transitions. Different classes of glassforming systems, such as silicate glasses, metallic glasses, and polymers, are exemplified. In addition, the wide field of phase formation processes and their effect on glasses and their properties is studied both from a theoretical and experimental point of view.

In the50years since the first volume of "Progress in Optics" was published, optics has become one of the most dynamic fields of science. The volumes in this series that have appeared up to now contain more than 300 review articles by distinguished research workers, which have become permanent records for many important developments, helping optical scientists and optical engineers stay abreast of their fields.
Comprehensive, in-depth reviewsEdited by the leading authority in the field"

Key features: Complete introductory overview of cosmic ray physics Covers the origins, acceleration, transport mechanisms and detection of these particles Mathematical and technical detail is kept separate from the main text

Key features: Supported by the latest research and based on the state-of-the-art computational methods in high-accuracy computational spectroscopy of molecules Authored by an authority in the field Accessible to both experts and non-experts working in the area of computational and experimental spectroscopy, in addition to graduate students

This is a commemoration volume to honor Professor M Veltman on the ocassion of his 60th birthday. It contains articles on Gauge field theories, a subject to which Prof. Veltman has made many important and seminal contributions. Some of the contributions are based on invited talks given at the Conference held in Ann Arbor, Michigan, May 16 - 18 1991. The articles in the book cover a wide range of topics from formal and phenomenological to the experimental aspects of Gauge theories.

The fundamental model of nuclear structure is the shell model. However, its application has been limited to light nuclei (up to the sd shell) or heavier nuclei with only a few valence nucleons outside closed shells. Its application beyond these limits has been prohibited so far by the large scale of the calculations involved. For the description of nuclei beyond the sd shell having several valence nucleons the introduction of collective models becomes necessary. The first comprehensive phenomenological model of nuclear structure was the geometric collective model of A. Bohr and B.R. Mottelson. An alternative approach was proposed in 1974 by A. Arima and F. Iachello, known as the Interacting Boson Model. This model, which uses group theoretical techniques in the description of nuclear collective properties, has the advantage of relative simplicity, allowing for detailed calculations of the properties of even medium and heavy nuclei which cannot be reached by the shell model yet. Several extensions and generalizations of the model have appeared over the last decade. Algebraic descriptions for the effects of clustering, permanent octupole deformation, and giant resonances have also been given. For the description of odd nuclei the Interacting Boson-Fermion Model has been introduced, and nuclear supersymmetries associated with it have been analysed. The present text is designed to provide physicists with an accessible introduction to the subject.

Knowledge of the dynamics of many-electron systems is of fundamental importance to all disciplines of condensed matter physics. A very effective access to electron dynamics is offered by inelastic X-ray scattering (IXS) spectroscopy. The double differential scattering cross section for IXS is directly related to the time-dependent two-particle density correlation function, and, for large momentum and energy transfer (Compton limit) to the electron momentum distribution. Moreover, resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) enables the study of electron dynamics via electronic excitations in a very selective manner (e.g. selectively spin, crystal momentum, or symmetry), so that other methods are efficaciously complemented. The progress of IXS spectroscopy is intimately related to the growing range of applications of synchrotron radiation. The aim of the book is to provide the growing community of researchers with accounts of experimental methods, instrumentation, and data analysis of IXS, with representative examples of successful applications, and with the theoretical framework for interpretations of the measurements.

Gas phase molecular spectroscopy is a powerful tool for obtaining information on the geometry and internal structure of isolated molecules as well as on the interactions that they undergo. It enables the study of fundamental parameters and processes and is also used for the sounding of gas media through optical techniques. It has been facing always renewed challenges, due to the considerable improvement of experimental techniques and the increasing demand for accuracy and scope of remote sensing applications.
In practice, the radiating molecule is usually not isolated but diluted in a mixture at significant total pressure. The collisions among the molecules composing the gas can have a large influence on the spectral shape, affecting all wavelength regions through various mechanisms. These must be taken into account for the correct analysis and prediction of the resulting spectra.
This book reviews our current experimental and theoretical knowledge and the practical consequences of collisional effects on molecular spectral shapes in neutral gases. General expressions are first given. They are formal of difficult use for practical calculations often but enable discussion of the approximations leading to simplified situations. The first case examined is that of isolated transitions, with the usual pressure broadening and shifting but also refined effects due to speed dependence and collision-induced velocity changes. Collisional line-mixing, which invalidates the notion of isolated transitions and has spectral consequences when lines are closely spaced, is then discussed within the impact approximation. Regions where the contributions of many distant lines overlap, such as troughsbetween transitions and band wings, are considered next. For a description of these far wings the finite duration of collisions and concomitant breakdown of the impact approximation must be taken into account. Finally, for long paths or elevated pressures, the dipole or polarizability induced by intermolecular interactions can make significant contributions. Specific models for the description of these collision induced absorption and light scattering processes are presented.
The above mentioned topics are reviewed and discussed from a threefold point of view: the various models, the available data, and the consequences for applications including heat transfer, remote sensing and optical sounding. The extensive bibliography and discussion of some remaining problems complete the text.
- State of the art on the subject
- A bibliography of nearly 1000 references
- Tools for practical calculations
- Consequences for other scientific fields
- Numerous illustrative examples
- Fulfilling a need since there is no equivalent monograph on the subject

Electron and Photon Impact Ionisation and Related Topics 2002 provides an overview of recent international research in the field of ionization by electron and photon impact. Emphasizing multi-particle coincidence studies, such as (e,2e), (e,3e), ionization-excitation, and double photo-ionization, the book contains 18 contributions of recent experimental, theoretical, and computational achievements in the realization, interpretation, and modeling of correlated processes that involve a wide range of targets, including atoms, molecules, and surfaces. It also covers nuclear reactions and interaction of electrons, photons, and ions with biological matter. This book is an essential reference for researchers working in atomic and molecular physics, surface science, chemistry, and biophysics.