Due to the competitive edge it confers on students, educational institutions, and non-English speaking nations in a globalized economy, English as a medium of instruction (EMI) has been gaining popularity in tertiary education in non-native English-speaking (NNES) countries. Institute-wide EMI implementation has often been imposed by top-down decisions, in combination with the optimistic view that the horse should always be placed before the cart. However, emerging evidence suggests that the delivery of such programs to NNES students has led to new pedagogical challenges and learning problems that go beyond the scope of language learning and teaching and deserve immediate attention. For example, how would an instructor respond to situations in which students' learning of content is compromised by their limited language proficiency? This book draws on the current practice of EMI in diverse disciplines and university settings and examines how these new pedagogical and learning issues can be addressed. The discussion also involves a reflection on the essence of EMI in relation to the use of the first language (L1) as the medium of instruction in tertiary education. In addition, the book includes discussion about how to ensure and maintain the quality of EMI programs and assess the readiness of stakeholders for such programs, which include administrators, teachers, and students. The discussion is led by exemplars in Hong Kong and Taiwan, where the majority of students are native Chinese speakers, in the hope of developing critical perspectives and practical guidelines as references for EMI in other NNES settings. "The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/e/ISBN, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

This book is about the challenges that come with initiatives to develop a more humanized, intersectional and negotiable landscape for English Language Teaching (ELT). It sets out to problematize ingrown and ingrained practices in English teaching, weaving together obscured practices, undisclosed agendas and ideologically motivated (inter)actions to expose the unspoken agendas at work. Drawing on his own experience of being part of an English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) programme at an urban Japanese university, the author presents a case for rethinking language education in Japan. This book will be of interest to applied linguists, language teachers and teacher trainers, cultural anthropologists, and anyone interested in the cultural politics of education, especially language education.

Understanding and Improving how K-12 Multilinguals are Taught: Supporting Multilinguals details instructional strategies that can be used to better assess multilingual learners which are more improved than the existing evaluations. The author argues that assessments for multilingual learners need to be improved due to inequities within the public-school systems, and that assessments for students in K12 schools are not equitable. The author also discusses strategies for welcoming and supporting multilingual learners in the classroom. The instructional strategies outlined for K12 educators includes offering students multiple test-taking options, ensuring that assessments are translated into students' respective languages, and allowing multilingual learners to take assessments in groups or pairs. These improvement strategies have been developed by using feedback from dual-language teachers in the K12 public school system. The assessment issues that will be addressed include inequity within assessments administered to multilingual learners, the way assessments are structured and developed at the district and school level, the consideration of the immigrant experience as these assessments are being developed, the roles of school boards in considering immigrant experiences while creating these assessments, the role of the teachers of multilingual learners, assessment strategies to support multilingual learners, and strategies that are effective in creating inclusive classrooms for native and multilingual English speakers.

In the last 20 years dual language education programs have increased in number and expanded in range. Whereas once they were predominantly focused at the elementary level, they now span from pre-K through to high school. This book examines the key attributes of successful dual language programs, as well as the challenges and opportunities involved in extending the dual language instructional model to pre-K and secondary settings. Chapter authors, who are themselves both researchers and practitioners, explore the latest research and policy implications for implementation of dual language in three different contexts; within a school, a dual language school and a dual language district. This book will be of interest to teachers, teacher educators, professional development specialists, policymakers, administrators, and researchers.

* Features/Benefits o The first book to comprehensively and systematically review corpus analytic research methods to understand/examine second language acquisition (L2 use, processing, development, and pedagogy). o Discusses recent empirical studies that employ these techniques to apply corpus linguistic methods across diverse areas of SLA and theoretical orientations, and highlights the contributions that corpus methods have made to the studies' results. o Discusses how new and emerging corpus linguistic methods can be fruitfully used in future SLA research. * Demand/Audience o The field of Second Language Acquisition has had a marked increase in studies on and interest in corpus- and usage-based approaches. This book serves that audience in both courses and personal research use with a comprehensive, up-to-date, how-to volume on corpus-based research methodology. o A unique resource for students and researchers of SLA and applied linguistics, corpus linguistics, second language pedagogy, bi- and multilingualism, and language teaching. * Competition o No real competition. Extant books in this area fail to cover corpus linguistics methods for SLA comprehensively as this book does; they either report findings from a specific research study or focus on a single theoretical perspective/particular area of SLA. o Many of the books in this area are edited volumes, which lack the unified authoritative voice of a single author that this book will have.

This book examines semiotics, meaning-making and the co-construction of relations in transmodal communications. Through the lens of transpositioning - the multiple and interwoven layers of emplacements and positionings that are entailed in communications which cross and transcend the boundaries that have historically shaped our thinking about the world and its inhabitants - the chapters interrogate digital languaging and literacies, and how transmodal communications shape identities, belongings and relationships, with particular attention paid to issues of equity and social justice. The chapter authors consider both transmodalities and critical cosmopolitanism as they analyze empirical data from youth, adults and researchers participating in a project that digitally connects youth to share their lives across diverse and under-resourced global communities. In offering this multi-perspectival, multi-voiced volume, the authors portray and address methodological issues in researching transglobal transmodal communications.

A manual for teaching Young Adult Literature, this textbook presents perspectives and methods on how to organize and teach literature in engaging and inclusive ways that meet specific educational and programmatic goals. Each chapter is written by an expert and offers a rich and nuanced approach to teaching YA Literature through a distinct lens. The effective and creative ways to construct a course explored in this book include multimodal, historical, social justice, place-based approaches, and more. The broad spectrum of topics covered in the text gives pre-service teachers and students a toolbox to select and apply methods of their choosing that support effective reading and writing instruction in their own contexts, motivate students, and foster meaningful conversations in the classroom. Chapters feature consistent sections for theory and practice, course structure, suggestions for activities and assessments, and takeaways for further discussion to facilitate easy implementation in the classroom. This book is an essential text for pre-service teachers of English as well as professors and scholars of Young Adult Literature.

This practical guide introduces "Teacher Talk," an easy-to-use tool for teachers to help improve elementary students' vocabulary. When students are exposed to extensive vocabularies, they are better prepared to build their receptive and productive language and succeed academically. Through many inviting examples and real-world guidance, Rowe and Haase explain how to be reflective and intentional about the language you use and how to use elevated or substitutionary language to model different registers of speech for elementary students. The various "Teacher Talk" strategies in this book cover key topics, including disciplinary vocabulary, modelling academic discourse, addressing state and national standards, and meeting individual student needs across grades K-6. With many charts, activities, and tools that are ready for use, this book equips teachers with many methods for bolstering students' academic language in the classroom and beyond.

Increasingly, children grow up hearing two languages from birth. This introductory textbook shows how children learn to understand and speak those languages against the backdrop of their language learning environments. A narrative around the bilingual development of four young children with different language profiles helps to explain the latest research findings in a lively and accessible manner. The narrative describes how bilingually raised children learn to understand and use sounds, words and sentences in two languages, and how they are able to use each of their languages in socially appropriate ways. Positive attitudes towards bilingual development from the people in bilingual children's environments and their recognition that child bilingualism is not monolingualism-times-two are the main ingredients ensuring that children grow up to be happy and expert speakers of two languages.

Essays reappraising the relationship between the various languages of late medieval Britain. The languages of later medieval Britain are here seen as no longerseparate or separable, but as needing to be treated and studied together to discover the linguistic reality of medieval Britain and make a meaningful assessment ofthe relationship between the languages, and the role, status, function or subsequent history of any of them. This theme emerges from all the articles collected here from leading international experts in their fields, dealing withlaw, language, Welsh history, sociolinguistics and historical lexicography. The documents and texts studied include a Vatican register of miracles in fourteenth-century Hereford, medical treatises, municipal records from York, teaching manuals, gild registers, and an account of work done on the bridges of the river Thames. Contributors: PAUL BRAND, BEGON CRESPO GARCIA, TONY HUNT, LUIS IGLESIAS-RABADE, LISA JEFFERSON, ANDRES M. KRISTOL, FRANKWALTMOHREN, MICHAEL RICHTER, WILLIAM ROTHWELL, HERBERT SCHENDL, LLINOS BEVERLEY SMITH, D.A. TROTTER, EDMUIND WEINER, LAURA WRIGHT Professor D.A. TROTTER is Professor of French and Head of Department of European Languages at the University of Wales, Aberystwyth.

Shortlisted for the 2020 BAAL Book Prize This book brings together empirical studies from around the world to help readers gain a better understanding of multilinguals, ranging from small children to elderly people, and their lives. The chapters focus on the multilingual subjects' identities and the ways in which they are discursively and/or visually constructed, and are split into sections looking specifically at the multilingual self, the multilingual learner and multilingual teacher education. The studies draw on rich visual data, which is analysed for content and/or form and often complemented with other types of data, to investigate how multilinguals make sense of their use and knowledge of more than one language in their specific context. The topic of multilingualism is addressed as subjectively experienced and the book unites the current multilingual, narrative and visual turns in Applied Language Studies. It will be of interest to students and researchers working in the areas of language learning and teaching, teacher education and bi/multilingualism, as well as to those interested in using visual methods and narratives as a means of academic research.

This book examines the racial and socio-linguistic dynamics of Jamaica, a majority black nation where the dominant ideology continues to look to white countries as models, yet which continues to defy the odds. The authors trace the history of how a nation of less than three million people has come to be at the centre of cultural, racial and linguistic influence globally; producing a culture than has transformed the way that the world listens to music, and a dialect that has formed the lingua franca for a generation of young people. The book will be of particular interest to students and scholars of Caribbean linguistics, Africana studies, diaspora studies, sociology of language and sociolinguistics more broadly.

In this book, authors Murphy and O'Neill propose a new way forward, moving away from high-stakes, test-based writing assessment and the curriculum it generates and toward an approach to assessment that centers on student learning and success. Reviewing the landscape of writing assessment and existing research-based theories on writing, the authors demonstrate how a test-based approach to accountability and current practices have undermined effective teaching and learning of writing. This book bridges the gap between real-world writing that takes place in schools, college, and careers and the writing that students are asked to do in standardized writing assessments to offer a new ecological approach to writing assessment. Murphy and O'Neill's new way forward turns accountability inside out to help teachers understand the role of formative assessments and assessment as inquiry. It also brings the outside in, by bridging the gap between authentic writing and writing assessment. Through these two strands, readers learn how assessment systems can be restructured to become better aligned with contemporary understandings of writing and with best practices in teaching. With examples of assessments from elementary school through college, chapters include guidance on designing assessments to address multiple kinds of writing, integrate reading with writing, and incorporate digital technology and multimodality. Emphasizing the central role that teachers play in systemic reform, the authors offer sample assessments developed with intensive teacher involvement that support learning and provide information for the evaluation of programs and schools. This book is an essential resource for graduate students, instructors, scholars and policymakers in writing assessment, composition, and English education.

Global migration continues to increase, and with it comes increasing linguistic diversity. This presents obvious challenges for both healthcare provider and patient, and the chapters in this volume represent a range of international perspectives on language barriers in health care. A variety of factors influence the best ways of approaching and overcoming these language barriers, including cultural, geographical, political and practical considerations, and as a result a range of approaches and solutions are suggested and discussed. The authors in this volume discuss a wide range of countries and languages, and cover issues that will be familiar to all healthcare practitioners, including the role of informal interpreters, interpreting in a clinical setting, bilingual healthcare practitioners and working with languages with comparatively small numbers of speakers.

This collection bridges disciplinary scholarship from critical language studies, Latinx critical communication, and media studies scholarship for a comprehensive exploration of Spanish-English bilingualism in the US and in turn, elucidating, more broadly, our understanding of bilingualism in a post-digital society. Chapters offer a state-of-the-art on research at the intersection of language, communication, and media, with a focus on key debates in Spanish-English bilingualism research. The volume provides a truly interdisciplinary perspective, synthesizing a wide range of approaches to promote greater dialogue between these fields and examining different communicative bilingual spaces. These include ideological spaces, political spaces, publicity and advertising spaces, digital and social media spaces, entertainment and TV spaces, and school and family spaces. This book will be of interest to students and scholars in bilingualism, language and communication, language and media, and Latin American and Chicano/a studies.

* This volume is a standalone volume rather than companion or revision to existing Handbooks on second language teaching and learning * All contributors are leading authorities in their areas of expertise, and the volume editor is a star in the field * Covers all major, established, and emerging topics in TESOL * Serves as a student- and teacher-oriented compendium of current topic areas geared to in-service and preservice teachers, experienced and novice instructors, advanced and not-so-advanced graduate students, and faculty

This volume details the Yew Chung Approach and the Twelve Values that exemplify the approach as a unique contribution to the field of early childhood education. The Yew Chung Education Foundation (YCEF) in Hong Kong is a nonprofit organization and a high-quality early childhood program that promotes a global lens and multilingualism through an emergent curriculum. This book explores the Twelve Values that exemplify the approach, including relationships, the emergent curriculum, inquiry-based pedagogy, and the multilingual and multicultural approach. Grounding these values in daily classroom practice and the broader sociocultural context of Hong Kong, it shows how the Yew Chung Approach effectively supports additional language learning through a progressive emergent curriculum with a high degree of child agency. It also explores the unique history of Hong Kong as an incubator and setting for the Yew Chung Approach and considers the relationships between the colonial history of the city, Hong Kong's current status as a global city, and the mission of Yew Chung to provide children with a global lens. An important study which exemplifies and investigates a unique program and perspective within the field, this book will benefit scholarly and practitioner audiences within the global early childhood community, as well as appealing to academics, researchers and postgraduates working within early childhood education, comparative education, and bilingual education.

This timely collection explores the role of digital technology in language education and assessment during the COVID-19 pandemic. It recognises the unique pressures which the COVID-19 pandemic placed on assessment in language education, and examines the forced shift in assessment strategies to go online, the existing shortfalls, as well as unique affordances of technology-assisted L2 assessment. By showcasing international examples of successful digital and computer-assisted proficiency and skills testing, the volume addresses theoretical and practical concerns relating to test validity, reliability, ethics, and student experience in a range of testing contexts. Particular attention is given to identifying lessons and implications for future research and practice, and the challenges of implementing unplanned computer-assisted language assessment during a crisis. Insightfully unpacking the 'lessons learned' from COVID and its impact on the acceleration of the shift towards online course and assessment delivery, it offers important guidelines for navigating assessment in different instructional settings in times of crisis. It will appeal to scholars, researchers, educators, and faculty with interests in educational measurement, digital education and technology, and language assessment and testing.

This book is an authoritative text that explores best classroom practices for engaging adult learners in beginner-level foreign language courses. Built around a diverse range of international research studies and conceptual articles, the book covers four key issues in teaching language to novice students: development of linguistic skills, communicative and intercultural competence, evaluation and assessment, and the use of technology. Each chapter includes teaching insights that are supported by critical research and can be practically applied across languages to enhance instructional strategies and curriculum designs. The text also aims to build intercultural competence, harness technology, and design assessment to stimulate effective learning in formal instructional settings, including colleges, universities, and specialist language schools. With its broad coverage of language pedagogy at the novice level, this book is a must read for graduate students, scholars, researchers, and practitioners in the fields of language education, second language acquisition, language teaching and learning, and applied linguistics.

The book sets a new critical sociolinguistic agenda for the field of CLIL. It originally discusses the forces and practices of CLIL implementation in various contexts of Asia, Australia, Europe and Latin America. It makes visible issues, processes and actors regularly overlooked in CLIL scholarship, exploring inequities in policy and implementation. It illuminates the impact of CLIL in contemporary multilingual education.

This book is a powerful narrative of how six women experienced their lives alongside their desire to overcome the challenging and empowering nature of the English language. The volume shares who they are as transnational and mobile women living in the midst of linguistic privilege and marginalization. It is one outcome of a research project and the lived experiences which surround and influence (and were influenced by) it. The author documents how she and her research partners began studying what had drawn them to US TESOL programs, and how English was and is a symbol of power and privilege, a symbol of educational access and a pursuit of equity, yet, at times, is also a symbol of linguistic marginalization.

* Features/Benefits o The first book to comprehensively and systematically review corpus analytic research methods to understand/examine second language acquisition (L2 use, processing, development, and pedagogy). o Discusses recent empirical studies that employ these techniques to apply corpus linguistic methods across diverse areas of SLA and theoretical orientations, and highlights the contributions that corpus methods have made to the studies' results. o Discusses how new and emerging corpus linguistic methods can be fruitfully used in future SLA research. * Demand/Audience o The field of Second Language Acquisition has had a marked increase in studies on and interest in corpus- and usage-based approaches. This book serves that audience in both courses and personal research use with a comprehensive, up-to-date, how-to volume on corpus-based research methodology. o A unique resource for students and researchers of SLA and applied linguistics, corpus linguistics, second language pedagogy, bi- and multilingualism, and language teaching. * Competition o No real competition. Extant books in this area fail to cover corpus linguistics methods for SLA comprehensively as this book does; they either report findings from a specific research study or focus on a single theoretical perspective/particular area of SLA. o Many of the books in this area are edited volumes, which lack the unified authoritative voice of a single author that this book will have.

This illuminating book critically examines multicultural language politics and policymaking in the Andean-Amazonian countries of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia, demonstrating how issues of language and power throw light on the relationship between Indigenous peoples and the state. Based on the author's research in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia over several decades, Howard draws comparisons over time and space. With due attention to history, the book's focus is situated in the years following the turn of the millennium, a period in which ideological shifts have affected continuity in official policy delivery even as processes of language shift from Indigenous languages such as Aymara and Quechua, to Spanish, have accelerated. The book combines in-depth description and analysis of state-level activity with ethnographic description of responses to policy on the ground. The author works with concepts of technologies of power and language regimentation to draw out the hegemonic workings of power as exercised through language policy creation at multiple scales. This book will be key reading for students and scholars of critical sociolinguistic ethnography, the history, society and politics of the Andean region, and linguistic anthropology, language policy and planning, and Latin American studies more broadly.

This book presents one possible pathway towards the advancement of translanguaging pedagogies: teacher-researcher partnerships. Although the existing literature alludes to the value of such partnerships, there is a lack of research that explicitly describes the complex processes of designing and implementing translanguaging pedagogies in primary and secondary school settings (K-12) across various international contexts. Through an expanded focus on teacher-researcher collaboration and the negotiation process, the book unpacks the opportunities and challenges of engaging in contextualised translanguaging designs with reference to broader ideological discourses and systemic structures. By promoting and highlighting teacher-researcher partnerships as one avenue for improvement and transparency, the chapters in this book demonstrate the potential of translanguaging pedagogies in classrooms and further resist the linguistic hierarchies that exist in educational institutions today.

This book examines the benefits of multilingual education that puts children's needs and interests above the individual languages involved. It advocates flexible multilingual education, which builds upon children's actual home resources and provides access to both the local and global languages that students need for their educational and professional success. It argues that, as more and more children grow up multilingually in our globalised world, there is a need for more nuanced multilingual solutions in language-in-education policies. The case studies reveal that flexible multilingual education - rather than mother tongue education - is the most promising way of moving towards the elusive goal of educational equity in today's world of globalisation, migration and superdiversity.