This is the second, completely revised and expanded edition of the author's first book, covering numerous new topics and recent developments in ultrametric summability theory. Ultrametric analysis has emerged as an important branch of mathematics in recent years. This book presents a brief survey of the research to date in ultrametric summability theory, which is a fusion of a classical branch of mathematics (summability theory) with a modern branch of analysis (ultrametric analysis). Several mathematicians have contributed to summability theory as well as functional analysis. The book will appeal to both young researchers and more experienced mathematicians who are looking to explore new areas in analysis. The book is also useful as a text for those who wish to specialize in ultrametric summability theory.

the recent IWOTA meetings, IWOTA 2006 was focused on a few special themes, without loss of the general IWOTA mission. Our special interest areas were Hilbert/Krein space operator theory; Complex function theory related to Hilbert space operators; Systems theory related to Hilbert space operators. This volume contains 16 contributions, which re?ect the recent development in operator theory and applications. The organizers gratefully acknowledge the support of the following institutions: KRF (Korea Research Foundation); Department of Mathematics, Seoul National University; Research Institute of Mathematics, Seoul National University. Tsuyoshi Ando, Raul ' Curto Il Bong Jung, Woo Young Lee (Editors) OperatorTheory: Advances andApplications,Vol.187, 1-16 c 2008Birkh. auserVerlagBasel/Switzerland AConnectionbetweenSzegoandNehari SequencesintheMatrix-valuedCase Daniel Alpay and Israel Gohberg Abstract. One can associate to a rational function which is moreover strictly positive on the unit circle two sequences of numbers in the open unit disk, called the Szeg. o sequence and the Nehari sequence. In the scalar case, they coincide up to multiplication by?1. We study the corresponding result in the matrix-valued case. Mathematics Subject Classi?cation (2000). Primary: 34A55, 49N45, 70G30; Secondary: 93B15, 47B35. Keywords. Inverse problems, scattering matrix, Schurparameters, state space method, extension problems. 1. Introduction Letw(z) be a scalar rational function strictly positive on the unit circle. One can associate to it an in?nite sequence of numbers in the open unit disk, called in [1] a Szeg. o sequence. This sequence characterizes in a unique wayw(z)providedsome normalization is chosen; we will take 2? 1 it w(e )dt=1.

This monograph presents teaching material in the field of differential equations while addressing applications and topics in electrical and biomedical engineering primarily. The book contains problems with varying levels of difficulty, including Matlab simulations. The target audience comprises advanced undergraduate and graduate students as well as lecturers, but the book may also be beneficial for practicing engineers alike.

This volume presents original papers ranging from an experimental study on cavitation jets to an up-to-date mathematical analysis of the Navier-Stokes equations for free boundary problems, reflecting topics featured at the International Conference on Mathematical Fluid Dynamics, Present and Future, held 11-14 November 2014 at Waseda University in Tokyo. The contributions address subjects in one- and two-phase fluid flows, including cavitation, liquid crystal flows, plasma flows, and blood flows. Written by internationally respected experts, these papers highlight the connections between mathematical, experimental, and computational fluid dynamics. The book is aimed at a wide readership in mathematics and engineering, including researchers and graduate students interested in mathematical fluid dynamics.

The focus of these conference proceedings is on research, development, and applications in the fields of numerical geometry, scientific computing and numerical simulation, particularly in mesh generation and related problems. In addition, this year's special focus is on Voronoi diagrams and their applications, celebrating the 150th birthday of G.F. Voronoi. In terms of content, the book strikes a balance between engineering algorithms and mathematical foundations. It presents an overview of recent advances in numerical geometry, grid generation and adaptation in terms of mathematical foundations, algorithm and software development and applications. The specific topics covered include: quasi-conformal and quasi-isometric mappings, hyperelastic deformations, multidimensional generalisations of the equidistribution principle, discrete differential geometry, spatial and metric encodings, Voronoi-Delaunay theory for tilings and partitions, duality in mathematical programming and numerical geometry, mesh-based optimisation and optimal control methods. Further aspects examined include iterative solvers for variational problems and algorithm and software development. The applications of the methods discussed are multidisciplinary and include problems from mathematics, physics, biology, chemistry, material science, and engineering.

As long as algebra and geometry proceeded along separate paths, their advance was slow and their applications limited. But when these sciences joined company they drew from each other fresh vitality and thenceforward marched on at rapid pace towards perfection Joseph L. Lagrange The theory of differential equations is one of the largest elds within mathematics and probably most graduates in mathematics have attended at least one course on differentialequations. But differentialequationsare also offundamentalimportance in most applied sciences; whenever a continuous process is modelled mathem- ically, chances are high that differential equations appear. So it does not surprise that many textbooks exist on both ordinary and partial differential equations. But the huge majority of these books makes an implicit assumption on the structure of the equations: either one deals with scalar equations or with normal systems, i. e. with systems in Cauchy-Kovalevskaya form. The main topic of this book is what happens, if this popular assumption is dropped. This is not just an academic exercise; non-normal systems are ubiquitous in - plications. Classical examples include the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations of uid dynamics, Maxwell's equations of electrodynamics, the Yang-Mills eq- tions of the fundamental gauge theories in modern particle physics or Einstein's equations of general relativity. But also the simulation and control of multibody systems, electrical circuits or chemical reactions lead to non-normal systems of - dinary differential equations, often called differential algebraic equations. In fact, most of the differentialequationsnowadaysencounteredby engineersand scientists are probably not normal.

This book proves that Feynman's original definition of the path integral actually converges to the fundamental solution of the Schroedinger equation at least in the short term if the potential is differentiable sufficiently many times and its derivatives of order equal to or higher than two are bounded. The semi-classical asymptotic formula up to the second term of the fundamental solution is also proved by a method different from that of Birkhoff. A bound of the remainder term is also proved.The Feynman path integral is a method of quantization using the Lagrangian function, whereas Schroedinger's quantization uses the Hamiltonian function. These two methods are believed to be equivalent. But equivalence is not fully proved mathematically, because, compared with Schroedinger's method, there is still much to be done concerning rigorous mathematical treatment of Feynman's method. Feynman himself defined a path integral as the limit of a sequence of integrals over finite-dimensional spaces which is obtained by dividing the time interval into small pieces. This method is called the time slicing approximation method or the time slicing method.This book consists of two parts. Part I is the main part. The time slicing method is performed step by step in detail in Part I. The time interval is divided into small pieces. Corresponding to each division a finite-dimensional integral is constructed following Feynman's famous paper. This finite-dimensional integral is not absolutely convergent. Owing to the assumption of the potential, it is an oscillatory integral. The oscillatory integral techniques developed in the theory of partial differential equations are applied to it. It turns out that the finite-dimensional integral gives a finite definite value. The stationary phase method is applied to it. Basic properties of oscillatory integrals and the stationary phase method are explained in the book in detail.Those finite-dimensional integrals form a sequence of approximation of the Feynman path integral when the division goes finer and finer. A careful discussion is required to prove the convergence of the approximate sequence as the length of each of the small subintervals tends to 0. For that purpose the book uses the stationary phase method of oscillatory integrals over a space of large dimension, of which the detailed proof is given in Part II of the book. By virtue of this method, the approximate sequence converges to the limit. This proves that the Feynman path integral converges. It turns out that the convergence occurs in a very strong topology. The fact that the limit is the fundamental solution of the Schroedinger equation is proved also by the stationary phase method. The semi-classical asymptotic formula naturally follows from the above discussion.A prerequisite for readers of this book is standard knowledge of functional analysis. Mathematical techniques required here are explained and proved from scratch in Part II, which occupies a large part of the book, because they are considerably different from techniques usually used in treating the Schroedinger equation.

This volume, which is dedicated to Heinz Langer, includes biographical material and carefully selected papers. Heinz Langer has made fundamental contributions to operator theory. In particular, he has studied the domains of operator pencils and nonlinear eigenvalue problems, the theory of indefinite inner product spaces, operator theory in Pontryagin and Krein spaces, and applications to mathematical physics. His works include studies on and applications of Schur analysis in the indefinite setting, where the factorization theorems put forward by Krein and Langer for generalized Schur functions, and by Dijksma-Langer-Luger-Shondin, play a key role. The contributions in this volume reflect Heinz Langer's chief research interests and will appeal to a broad readership whose work involves operator theory.

Chapter 1 introduces elementary classical special functions. Gamma, beta, psi, zeta functions, hypergeometric functions and the associated special functions, generalizations to Meijer's G and Fox's H-functions are examined here. Discussion is confined to basic properties and selected applications. Introduction to statistical distribution theory is provided. Some recent extensions of Dirichlet integrals and Dirichlet densities are discussed. A glimpse into multivariable special functions such as Appell's functions and Lauricella functions is part of Chapter 1. Special functions as solutions of differential equations are examined. Chapter 2 is devoted to fractional calculus. Fractional integrals and fractional derivatives are discussed. Their applications to reaction-diffusion problems in physics, input-output analysis, and Mittag-Leffler stochastic processes are developed. Chapter 3 deals with q-hyper-geometric or basic hypergeometric functions. Chapter 4 covers basic hypergeometric functions and Ramanujan's work on elliptic and theta functions. Chapter 5 examines the topic of special functions and Lie groups. Chapters 6 to 9 are devoted to applications of special functions. Applications to stochastic processes, geometric infinite divisibility of random variables, Mittag-Leffler processes, alpha-Laplace processes, density estimation, order statistics and astrophysics problems, are dealt with in Chapters 6 to 9. Chapter 10 is devoted to wavelet analysis. An introduction to wavelet analysis is given. Chapter 11 deals with the Jacobians of matrix transformations. Various types of matrix transformations and the associated Jacobians are provided. Chapter 12 is devoted to the discussion offunctions of matrix argument in the real case. Functions of matrix argument and the pathway models along with their applications are discussed.

Formed of presented papers this volume contains research from the 40th International Conference on Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods, recognised as THE international forum for the latest advances in these techniques and their applications in science and engineering. The ongoing success of this series is a result of the strength of research being carried out all over the world and the coverage has continually evolved in line with the latest developments in the field. The books originating from this conference series constitute a record of the development of BEM/MRM, running from the initial successful development of boundary integral techniques into the boundary element method, a technique that eliminates the need for an internal mesh, to the recent and most sophisticated Mesh Reduction and even Meshless Methods. Since these methods are used in many engineering and scientific fields the 2017 book, Boundary Elements and other Mesh Reduction Methods, like the series before, will be of great interest to those working within the areas of numerical analysis, boundary elements and meshless methods. The research papers included in this volume cover: Advanced formulations; Advanced meshless and mesh reduction methods; Structural mechanics applications; Solid mechanics; Heat and mass transfer; Electrical engineering and electromagnetics; Computational methods; Fluid flow modelling; Damage mechanics and fracture; Dynamics and vibrations; Engineering applications; Interfacing with other methods; Coupling with design and manufacturing; Solution of large systems of equations.

This book presents the mathematical theory of vector variational inequalities and their relations with vector optimization problems. It is the first-ever book to introduce well-posedness and sensitivity analysis for vector equilibrium problems. The first chapter provides basic notations and results from the areas of convex analysis, functional analysis, set-valued analysis and fixed-point theory for set-valued maps, as well as a brief introduction to variational inequalities and equilibrium problems. Chapter 2 presents an overview of analysis over cones, including continuity and convexity of vector-valued functions. The book then shifts its focus to solution concepts and classical methods in vector optimization. It describes the formulation of vector variational inequalities and their applications to vector optimization, followed by separate chapters on linear scalarization, nonsmooth and generalized vector variational inequalities. Lastly, the book introduces readers to vector equilibrium problems and generalized vector equilibrium problems. Written in an illustrative and reader-friendly way, the book offers a valuable resource for all researchers whose work involves optimization and vector optimization.

Banach algebras is a multilayered area in mathematics with many ramifications. With a diverse coverage of different schools working on the subject, this proceedings volume reflects recent achievements in areas such as Banach algebras over groups, abstract harmonic analysis, group actions, amenability, topological homology, Arens irregularity, C*-algebras and dynamical systems, operator theory, operator spaces, and locally compact quantum groups.

A memorial conference for Leon Ehrenpreis was held at Temple University, November 15-16, 2010. In the spirit of Ehrenpreis's contribution to mathematics, the papers in this volume, written by prominent mathematicians, represent the wide breadth of subjects that Ehrenpreis traversed in his career, including partial differential equations, combinatorics, number theory, complex analysis and a bit of applied mathematics. With the exception of one survey article, the papers in this volume are all new results in the various fields in which Ehrenpreis worked . There are papers in pure analysis, papers in number theory, papers in what may be called applied mathematics such as population biology and parallel refractors and papers in partial differential equations. The mature mathematician will find new mathematics and the advanced graduate student will find many new ideas to explore. A biographical sketch of Leon Ehrenpreis by his daughter, a professional journalist, enhances the memorial tribute and gives the reader a glimpse into the life and career of a great mathematician."

The ISAAC Group in Pseudo-Differential Operators (IGPDO) met at the Fifth ISAAC Congress held at Universita di Catania in Italy in July, 2005. This volume consists of papers based on lectures given at the special session on pseudodifferential operators and invited papers that bear on the themes of IGPDO. Nineteen peer-reviewed papers represent modern trends in pseudo-differential operators. Diverse topics related to pseudo-differential operators are covered.

In this book, Denis Serre begins by providing a clean and concise introduction to the basic theory of matrices. He then goes on to give many interesting applications of matrices to different aspects of mathematics and also other areas of science and engineering. With forty percent new material, this second edition is significantly different from the first edition. Newly added topics include: * Dunford decomposition, * tensor and exterior calculus, polynomial identities, * regularity of eigenvalues for complex matrices, * functional calculus and the Dunford-Taylor formula, * numerical range, * Weyl's and von Neumann's inequalities, and * Jacobi method with random choice. The book mixes together algebra, analysis, complexity theory and numerical analysis. As such, this book will provide many scientists, not just mathematicians, with a useful and reliable reference. It is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students with either applied or theoretical goals. This book is based on a course given by the author at the Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon.

This work gathers a selection of outstanding papers presented at the 25th Conference on Differential Equations and Applications / 15th Conference on Applied Mathematics, held in Cartagena, Spain, in June 2017. It supports further research into both ordinary and partial differential equations, numerical analysis, dynamical systems, control and optimization, trending topics in numerical linear algebra, and the applications of mathematics to industry. The book includes 14 peer-reviewed contributions and mainly addresses researchers interested in the applications of mathematics, especially in science and engineering. It will also greatly benefit PhD students in applied mathematics, engineering and physics.

This book is a systematic presentation of the solution of one of the fundamental problems of the theory of random dynamical systems - the problem of topological classification and structural stability of linear hyperbolic random dynamical systems. As a relatively new and fast expanding field of research, this theory attracts the attention of researchers from various fields of science. It unites and develops the classical deterministic theory of dynamical systems and probability theory, hence finds many applications in a very wide range of disciplines from physics to biology to engineering, finance and economics. Recent developments call for a systematic presentation of the theory. Mathematicians working in the theory of dynamical systems, stochastic dynamics as well as those interested in applications of mathematical systems with random noise will find this timely book a valuable reference and rich source of modern mathematical methods and results.

'I never heard of "Ugli?cation," Alice ventured to say. 'What is it?'' Lewis Carroll, "Alice in Wonderland" Subject and motivation. The present book is devoted to a theory of m- tipliers in spaces of di?erentiable functions and its applications to analysis, partial di?erential and integral equations. By a multiplier acting from one functionspaceS intoanotherS, wemeanafunctionwhichde?nesabounded 1 2 linear mapping ofS intoS by pointwise multiplication. Thus with any pair 1 2 of spacesS, S we associate a third one, the space of multipliersM(S?S ) 1 2 1 2 endowed with the norm of the operator of multiplication. In what follows, the role of the spacesS andS is played by Sobolev spaces, Bessel potential 1 2 spaces, Besov spaces, and the like. The Fourier multipliers are not dealt with in this book. In order to emp- size the di?erence between them and the multipliers under consideration, we attach Sobolev's name to the latter. By coining the term Sobolev multipliers we just hint at various spaces of di?erentiable functions of Sobolev's type, being fully aware that Sobolev never worked on multipliers. After all, Fourier never did either.

Precise dynamic models of processes are required for many applications, ranging from control engineering to the natural sciences and economics. Frequently, such precise models cannot be derived using theoretical considerations alone. Therefore, they must be determined experimentally. This book treats the determination of dynamic models based on measurements taken at the process, which is known as system identification or process identification. Both offline and online methods are presented, i.e. methods that post-process the measured data as well as methods that provide models during the measurement. The book is theory-oriented and application-oriented and most methods covered have been used successfully in practical applications for many different processes. Illustrative examples in this book with real measured data range from hydraulic and electric actuators up to combustion engines. Real experimental data is also provided on the Springer webpage, allowing readers to gather their first experience with the methods presented in this book. Among others, the book covers the following subjects: determination of the non-parametric frequency response, (fast) Fourier transform, correlation analysis, parameter estimation with a focus on the method of Least Squares and modifications, identification of time-variant processes, identification in closed-loop, identification of continuous time processes, and subspace methods. Some methods for nonlinear system identification are also considered, such as the Extended Kalman filter and neural networks. The different methods are compared by using a real three-mass oscillator process, a model of a drive train. For many identification methods, hints for the practical implementation and application are provided. The book is intended to meet the needs of students and practicing engineers working in research and development, design and manufacturing.

This unique book provides a collection of more than 200 mathematical problems and their detailed solutions, which contain very useful tips and skills in real analysis. Each chapter has an introduction, in which some fundamental definitions and propositions are prepared. This also contains many brief historical comments on some significant mathematical results in real analysis together with useful references.Problems and Solutions in Real Analysis may be used as advanced exercises by undergraduate students during or after courses in calculus and linear algebra. It is also useful for graduate students who are interested in analytic number theory. Readers will also be able to completely grasp a simple and elementary proof of the prime number theorem through several exercises. The book is also suitable for non-experts who wish to understand mathematical analysis.

GA1/4nter Lumer was an outstanding mathematician whose work has great influence on the research community in mathematical analysis and evolution equations. He was at the origin of the breath-taking development the theory of semigroups saw after the pioneering book of Hille and Phillips of 1957. This volume contains invited contributions presenting the state of the art of these topics and reflecting the broad interests of GA1/4nter Lumer.

This book covers high order finite difference methods for time dependent PDE. It gives an overview of the basic theory and construction principles by using model examples. The book also contains a general presentation of the techniques and results for well-posedness and stability, with inclusion of the three fundamental methods of analysis both for PDE in its original and discretized form: the Fourier transform, the eneregy method and the Laplace transform.

This edited volume highlights the scientific contributions of Volker Mehrmann, a leading expert in the area of numerical (linear) algebra, matrix theory, differential-algebraic equations and control theory. These mathematical research areas are strongly related and often occur in the same real-world applications. The main areas where such applications emerge are computational engineering and sciences, but increasingly also social sciences and economics. This book also reflects some of Volker Mehrmann's major career stages. Starting out working in the areas of numerical linear algebra (his first full professorship at TU Chemnitz was in "Numerical Algebra," hence the title of the book) and matrix theory, Volker Mehrmann has made significant contributions to these areas ever since. The highlights of these are discussed in Parts I and II of the present book. Often the development of new algorithms in numerical linear algebra is motivated by problems in system and control theory. These and his later major work on differential-algebraic equations, to which he together with Peter Kunkel made many groundbreaking contributions, are the topic of the chapters in Part III. Besides providing a scientific discussion of Volker Mehrmann's work and its impact on the development of several areas of applied mathematics, the individual chapters stand on their own as reference works for selected topics in the fields of numerical (linear) algebra, matrix theory, differential-algebraic equations and control theory.

Fractional-order calculus dates to the 19th century but has been resurrected as a prevalent research subject due to its provision of more adequate and realistic descriptions of physical aspects within the science and engineering fields. What was once a classical form of mathematics is currently being reintroduced as a new modeling technique that engineers and scientists are finding modern uses for. There is a need for research on all facets of these fractional-order systems and studies of its potential applications. Advanced Applications of Fractional Differential Operators to Science and Technology provides emerging research exploring the theoretical and practical aspects of novel fractional modeling and related dynamical behaviors as well as its applications within the fields of physical sciences and engineering. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as chaotic dynamics, ecological models, and bifurcation control, this book is ideally designed for engineering professionals, mathematicians, physicists, analysts, researchers, educators, and students seeking current research on fractional calculus and other applied mathematical modeling techniques.