Closed Nuclear Fuel Cycle with Fast Reactors: Handbook of Russian Nuclear Power provides unique insights into research and practical activities from leading Russian experts. It presents readers with unprecedented insight and essential knowledge surrounding nuclear fast reactor technologies, as well as novel methods to close the nuclear fuel cycle to achieve cleaner, more environmentally friendly, and more efficient nuclear power. Using the Proryv Project as a framework, the book's contributors provide detailed descriptions of technologies in development in Russia, allowing readers from around the globe to gain a thorough understanding which they can then apply to their own research and practice. Nuclear engineers and technologists of fast reactors, advanced reactors and fuel cycles will use this book as a guide to inform new technology development. They will be able to use the experiences from the Proryv Project to drive fast reactor development with closed fuel cycles for the future.

Flexible operation and related power changes can have a direct impact on fuel integrity through pellet–cladding interaction/stress corrosion cracking (PCI/SCC) phenomena, which could lead to fuel failures in certain conditions. For some anticipated operational occurrences that affect fuel with small PCI/SCC margins, the fuel failures caused by PCI/SCC cannot be assumed to be benign, and a significant radiological source term may be generated. This publication provides an overview of PCI/SCC studies and reports on the progress made since the early 2000s, based on presentations and discussions at a related IAEA technical meeting held in October 2019.

Handbook of Artificial Intelligence Techniques in Photovoltaic Systems: Modelling, Control, Optimization, Forecasting and Fault Diagnosis provides readers with a comprehensive and detailed overview of the role of artificial intelligence in PV systems. Covering up-to-date research and methods on how, when and why to use and apply AI techniques in solving most photovoltaic problems, this book will serve as a complete reference in applying intelligent techniques and algorithms to increase PV system efficiency. Sections cover problem-solving data for challenges, including optimization, advanced control, output power forecasting, fault detection identification and localization, and more. Supported by the use of MATLAB and Simulink examples, this comprehensive illustration of AI-techniques and their applications in photovoltaic systems will provide valuable guidance for scientists and researchers working in this area.

Internal hazards have to be considered in the design of items important to safety in a nuclear power plant. The objective is to provide appropriate features to prevent internal hazards and mitigate their effects to ensure that safety is not compromised. This Safety Guide provides recommendations to regulatory bodies, nuclear power plant designers and licensees on hazard assessment (including for combinations of hazards) and design concepts for protection against internal hazards in nuclear power plants, in order to meet the requirements established in IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSR 2/1 (Rev. 1), Safety of Nuclear Power Plants: Design. The following internal hazards are reviewed in this Safety Guide: fires, explosions, missiles, pipe breaks, flooding, collapse of structures and falling objects with a focus on heavy load drop, electromagnetic interference and release of hazardous substances originating from within the site boundary.

Geomechanics of Sand Production and Control delivers a convenient resource for both academia and professionals to gain understanding and results surrounding sand production. Packed with rock mechanic fundamentals and field case studies, this reference offers theoretical knowledge, field and laboratory data, and operational methodologies. Gaining knowledge on better sand control production improves environmental impact, preventing corrosion of pipes, damage to surface production facilities, and disposal of produced sands, among other considerations. Sections are supported by field case studies, lab tests and modeling studies to explain the most environmentally supportive wellbore stability step-by-step methods. Authored by a very experienced professor, this reference helps engineers learn how to solve sand problems in various types of energy wells. Production engineers in oil and gas utilize sand production and sand control equipment in many completion methods, with a growing interest to expand these methods in wells for CO2 sequestration and geothermal areas, but knowledge on these methods is fragmented and lacks a bridge to support energy transition. This book provides the coverage needed to address this advancing field.

Utilization of Thermal Potential of Abandoned Wells: Fundamentals, Applications and Research is a lucid treatment of the fundamental concepts related to the energy harvesting of abandoned wells. The book provides a journey through recent technological developments to harvest energy from abandoned geothermal wells and allows the reader to view the process from a thermodynamic and numerical modeling perspective. Various applications and future prospects are also discussed to help inform reader's future work and research. Students, researchers and engineers will gain a thorough understanding on how to harvest energy from abandoned geothermal wells, particularly to make sound thermodynamic and economic evaluations. System designers and others engaged in the energy sector will understand how to design and choose the most appropriate technology, how to determine its efficiency, monitor the facility, and how to make informed physical and economical decisions for necessary improvements and environmental assessments.

Applied Power Quality: Analysis, Modelling, Design and Implementation of Power Quality Monitoring Systems is a systematic account of the modern field of power quality as it transforms to reflect changes in generation, loads, management techniques and improvements in monitoring devices and systems. It examines the management of power quality (including those which are emerging) including system planning levels, the emission allocation process and equipment immunity. The work reviews power quality disturbances and their impacts on equipment. It comprehensively assesses current power quality emission and allocation standards, including their application and deficiencies for power quality disturbances across steady state voltage; voltage unbalance; harmonics; voltage fluctuations, flicker and rapid voltage change; and voltage sags. The work reviews how readers may design and implement power quality monitoring schemes including: monitoring instruments; monitoring methodologies; data storage; data analysis and indices; reporting methods including benchmarking; and monitoring standards. It concludes with surveys of the electrical performance of modern equipment including renewable energy devices as it pertains to power quality. In all cases, the book draws on reliable sources of power quality data, measurements and studies (both laboratory and field) that have been undertaken by the Australian Power Quality and Reliability Centre over the past 20 years.

Challenges and Recent Advances in Sustainable Oil and Gas Recovery and Transportation delivers a critical tool for today’s petroleum and reservoir engineers to learn the latest research in EOR and solutions toward more SDG-supported practices. Packed with methods and case studies, the reference starts with the latest advances such as EOR with polymers and EOR with CCS. Advances in shale recovery and methane production are also covered before layering on sustainability methods on critical topics such as oilfield produced water. Supported by a diverse group of contributors, this book gives engineers a go-to source for the future of oil and gas. The oil and gas industry are utilizing enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods frequently, but the industry is also tasked with making more sustainable decisions in their future operations.

Renewable Energy Production and Distribution: Recent Developments covers critical research and industry developments on renewable energy, including technological, production, conversion, storage and management. This updated volume provides recent developments in solar energy systems (thermal and photovoltaic), wind energy, hydropower, geothermal energy, bioenergy production and hydrogen production, with the addition of fuel cell technology for this new release. Technology advancements include resources assessment and deployment, materials performance improvement, system optimization and sizing, instrumentation and control, modeling and simulation, and regulations and policies. Each chapter examines advances in specific renewable energy systems, providing theoretical and applied aspects of system optimization, control and management. Global case studies demonstrate practical applications and economical and environmental aspects through lifecycle analysis. The book will be of interest to engineering graduates, researchers, professors and industry professionals involved in the renewable energy sector and advanced engineering courses dealing with renewable energy, sources, thermal and electrical energy production and sustainability.

Machinery and Energy Systems for the Hydrogen Economy covers all major machinery and heat engine types, designs and requirements for the hydrogen economy, from production through storage, distribution and consumption. Topics such as hydrogen in pipeline transport, for energy storage, and as a power plant fuel are covered in detail. Hydrogen machinery applications, their selection criteria, economics, safety aspects and operational limitations in different sectors of the hydrogen economy are also discussed. Although the book covers the hydrogen economy as a whole, its primary focus is on machinery and heat engine design and implementation within various production, transport, storage and usage applications. An invaluable resource for industry, academia and government, this book provides engineers, scientists and technical leaders with the knowledge they need to design and build the infrastructure of a hydrogen economy.

Semiconductor Memories and Systems provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of semiconductor memory at the technology and system levels. After an introduction on market trends and memory applications, the book focuses on mainstream technologies, illustrating their current status, challenges and opportunities, with special attention paid to scalability paths. Technologies discussed include static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), non-volatile memory (NVM), and NAND flash memory. Embedded memory and requirements and system level needs for storage class memory are also addressed. Each chapter covers physical operating mechanisms, fabrication technologies, and the main challenges to scalability. Finally, the work reviews the emerging trends for storage class memory, mainly focusing on the advantages and opportunities of phase change based memory technologies.

Circular Bioeconomy: Technologies for Waste Remediation covers information about the strategies and approaches facilitating the integration of technologies for wastewater and solid waste remediation. The book highlights the models developed to valorize wastes to produce biobased products. Various chapters presented in the book put a focus on sustainability approaches as a central theme in order to facilitate industries and policymakers to adopt circular economy goals. Since the principal idea of a circular bioeconomy is to transition from a linear economy, it involves advanced technological and designing breakthroughs to reduce waste with a closed looped system.

3rd Generation Biofuels: Disruptive Technologies to Enable Commercial Production is a comprehensive volume on all aspects of algal biofuels, offering the latest advances on commercial implementation. In addition to the fundamentals, the book discusses all applied aspects of 3rd generation biofuels production, including design approaches, unit operations of the upstream and downstream biomass processing, and every potential microalgae-based energy product, including microbial fuel cells. Policy, economic, environmental, and regulatory issues are addressed in a dedicated section. Finally, the book presents pilot and demonstration-scale projects for 3rd generation biofuels production in the format of a white paper. Each chapter reviews the state of the art, discusses the disruptive technological approaches that will potentially enable large-scale production, and concludes with specific recommendations on how to achieve commercial competitiveness. The book provides readers with an invaluable reference for researchers, graduates, and practitioners working in the areas of renewable energy, bioenergy and alternative fuels, and biotechnology.

Biofuels and Biorefining: Volume Two: Intensified Processes and Biorefineries considers intensification and optimization processes for biofuels and biomass-derived products in single and biorefinery schemes. Chapters cover production processes for liquid biofuels, introducing all feasible intensification alternatives for each process, process intensification methods for the production of value-added products, the importance of detailed CFD-based studies, controllability studies, strategies for risk analysis in intensified processes, the concept of biorefinery for the co-production of biofuels/biomass derived value-added products, and the importance of process intensification in the biorefinery scheme. Final chapters discuss how to ensure the sustainability of the intensified process and minimize the societal impact of biorefineries through various strategies, including supply chain optimization and lifecycle analysis. Each chapter is supported by industry case studies that address key aspects and impacts of intensification and optimization processes.

Biofuels and Biorefining: Volume One: Current Technologies for Biomass Conversion considers the conventional processes for biofuels and biomass-derived products in single and biorefinery schemes. Sections address the fundamentals of the transformation of biomass into fuels and products, including a discussion of current and future scenarios, potential raw materials that can be used, the main processing technologies and their commercial potential, and a description of the concept of biorefinery and the opportunities offered by this approach. Each chapter is supported by industry case studies covering the development of each product, fuel type, and biorefinery. This book provides an integrated approach to biofuels production and process intensification that will be useful to researchers involved in all aspects of bioenergy, particularly those interested in cost reduction, environmental impact and enhanced production.

Sustainable Energy Systems on Ships is a comprehensive technical reference for all aspects of energy efficient shipping. The book discusses the technology options to make shipping energy consumption greener, focusing on the smarter integration of energy streams, the introduction of renewable resources and the improvement of control and operability. Chapters not only describe each technology individually, but also analyze their interconnections when implemented onboard, and compare them in terms of suitability for different vessels and economic viability. Readers of Sustainable Energy Systems on Ships will find an invaluable reference suitable for researchers, professionals, and managers involved in the shipping industry and those working on related energy efficiency technologies, fuel cells, and in the transport industry generally. Students of maritime engineering will also be well served by this reference.

Plant Intelligent Automation and Digital Transformation: Process and Factory Automation is an expansive four volume collection reviewing every major aspect of the intelligent automation and digital transformation of power, process and manufacturing plants, from the specific control and automation systems pertinent to various power process plants through manufacturing and factory automation systems. This volume introduces the foundations of automation control theory, networking practices and communication for power, process and manufacturing plants considered as integrated digital systems. In addition, it discusses Distributed control System (DCS) for Closed loop controls system (CLCS) and PLC based systems for Open loop control systems (OLCS) and factory automation. This book provides in-depth guidance on functional and design details pertinent to each of the control types referenced above, along with the installation and commissioning of control systems.

Power Transformer Online Monitoring using Electromagnetic Waves explores how to use electromagnetic wave technology and remote monitoring systems to predict and localize costly mechanical defects and partial discharge challenges in high voltage transformer windings. This innovative approach brings several potential benefits compared with conventional techniques such as frequency response analysis, including impermeability to ambient noise, and online implementation capability. This book reviews both fundamental and state-of-the-art information about all key aspects of condition monitoring using electromagnetic waves. It addresses the simulation of power transformers in CST environment while also explaining the theoretical background of boundary conditions used. Chapters review how to achieve practical online implementation, reliable diagnosis, asset management and remnant life estimation. Partial discharge detection is also discussed.

Thermoacoustic Combustion Instability Control: Engineering Applications and Computer Codes provides a unique opportunity for researchers, students and engineers to access recent developments from technical, theoretical and engineering perspectives. The book is a compendium of the most recent advances in theoretical and computational modeling and the thermoacoustic instability phenomena associated with multi-dimensional computing methods and recent developments in signal-processing techniques. These include, but are not restricted to a real-time observer, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), dynamic mode decomposition, Galerkin expansion, empirical mode decomposition, the Lattice Boltzmann method, and associated numerical and analytical approaches. The fundamental physics of thermoacoustic instability occurs in both macro- and micro-scale combustors. Practical methods for alleviating common problems are presented in the book with an analytical approach to arm readers with the tools they need to apply in their own industrial or research setting. Readers will benefit from practicing the worked examples and the training provided on computer coding for combustion technology to achieve useful results and simulations that advance their knowledge and research.

To optimise the efficiency of electric drives it is necessary to consider the components; the power electronic converter, the electric machine and the gearbox, together. Integrated systems can be smaller and have better flexibility and thermal management. Integrated motor drives (IMDs) specifically offer advantages including lower cost of installation and higher power density. This integration concept has been adopted in various electrical machine drive systems as well as electric vehicles. Integrated Motor Drives presents the state of research and future trends in integrated electrical motor drive technology and helps readers fill gaps in their knowledge. Chapters cover electrical machines, power converters and control techniques, adoption of wide bandgap semiconductor switching devices, thermal management, passive devices, gearboxes, research prototypes and commercial products, as well as emerging technologies and needs. This book for electrical motor drive engineers and researchers in academia and industry, as well as advanced students and experts, is systematically written by members from leading working groups. Close collaboration between chapter authors improves cohesion and usability for advanced students.

With more than 75 years of combined working experience in the area of reactor physics and safety, the intention of the authors of this monograph is to provide a practical book on reactor physics, particularly for the safe operation of aged CANDU reactors, with minimal mathematics or equations. The book gives a glimpse of first principles and their engineering application in reactor physics, for those who are interested in or are working in the Canadian nuclear industry. The book is also ideal as a reference for physicists, operators, regulatory staff, and for those who need to interact with reactor physicists at CANDU sites, nuclear laboratories, institutes, universities, or engineering companies.

Micro and Nano Thermal Transport Research: Characterization, Measurement and Mechanism is a complete and reliable reference on thermal measurement methods and mechanisms of micro and nanoscale materials. The book has a strong focus on applications and simulation, providing clear guidance on how to measure thermal properties in a systematic way. Sections cover the fundamentals of thermal properties before introducing tools to help readers identify and analyze thermal characteristics of these materials. The thermal transport properties are then further explored by means of simulation which reflect the internal mechanisms used to generate such thermal properties. Readers will gain a clear understanding of thermophysical measurement methods and the representative thermal transport characteristics of micro/nanoscale materials with different structures and are guided through a decision-making process to choose the most effective method to master thermal analysis. The book is particularly suitable for those engaged in the design and development of thermal property measurement instruments, as well as researchers of thermal transport at the micro and nanoscale.

Oil and gas assets are under constant pressure and engineers and managers need integrity management training and strategies to ensure their operations are safe. Gaining practical guidance is not trained ahead of time and learned on the job. Asset Integrity Management of Offshore and Onshore Structures delivers a critical training tool for engineers to prepare and mitigate safety risk. Starting with a transitional introductory chapter, the reference dives into integrity management approaches including codes and standards. Inspection, assessment, and repair methods are covered for offshore, FPSO, onshore and pipelines. Suggested proactive approaches and modeling risk-based inspection are also included. Supported with case studies, detailed discussions, and practical applications, Asset Integrity Management of Offshore and Onshore Structures gives oil and gas managers a reference to extend asset life, reduce costs, and minimalize impact to personnel and environment.

Advances in Bioenergy, Volume Seven, the latest release in the series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters written by an international board of authors. Specific chapters in this new release include Arrested Anaerobic Digestion, PHA Production from Renewable Sources, Copolymers, Odor control for anaerobic digestion, and Lignin Biorefinery.