Fuelled by advances in computer technology, model-based approaches to the control of industrial processes are now widespread. While there is an enormous literature on modelling, the difficult first step of selecting an appropriate model structure has received almost no attention. This book fills the gap, providing practical insight into model selection for chemical processes and emphasizing structures suitable for control system design.

Bioelectrochemical Systems (BESs) are innovative and sustainable devices. They combine biological and electrochemical processes to engineer sensors, treat wastewater and/or produce electricity, fuel or high-value chemicals. In BESs, scientists have managed to incorporate biological catalysts, i.e. enzymes and/or microorganisms, and make them work in advanced electrochemical cells. BESs operate under mild conditions - at close to ambient temperature and pressure and at circumneutral pH - and represent a sustainable alternative to precious metal-based systems. Incorporating biological catalysts into devices while maintaining their activity and achieving electrical communication with electrode surfaces is a critical challenge when trying to advance the field of BESs.From implantable enzymatic biosensors to microbial electrosynthesis, and from laboratory-scale systems and fundamental studies to marketed devices, this book provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances related to functional electrodes for BESs. Suitable for researchers and graduate students of chemistry, biochemistry, materials science and environmental science and technology.

There is hardly any technical library in the world in which the volumes of the Chemical Formulary (Volumes 1-34) do not occupy a prominent place. Chemists both experienced and beginner, continually refer to them. It does not duplicate any of the formulas included in previous volumes, but lists a wide array of modern and salable products from all branches of the chemical industries. An excellent reference for formulation problems. -CONTENTS - I. Introduction - II. Beverages and Foods - III. Coatings - IV. Cosmetics - V. Drug Products - VI. Detergents and Sanitizers - VII. Elastomers and Plastics - VIII. Metals - IX. Polishes - X. Textile Specialties - XI. Miscellaneous - Appendix - Index - PREFACE - Chemistry, as taught in our schools and colleges, concerns chiefly synthesis, analysis, and engineering-and properly so. It is part of the right foundation for the education of the chemist. Many a chemist entering an Industry soon finds that most of the products manufactured by his concern are not synthetic or definite complex compounds, but are mixtures, blends, or highly complex compounds of which he knows little or nothing. The literature in this field, if any, may be meager, scattered, or obsolete. Even chemists with years of experience In one or more Industries spend considerable time and effort in acquainting themselves with any new field which they may enter. Consulting chemists similarly have to solve problems brought to them from industries foreign to them. There was a definite need for an up-to-date compilation of formulae for chemical compounding and treatment. Since the fields to be covered are many and varied, an editorial board of chemists and engineers engaged in many industries was formed. Many publications, laboratories, manufacturing firms, and Individuals have been consulted to obtain the latest and best information. It is felt that the formulas given in this volume will save chemists and allied workers much time and effort. Manufacturers and sellers of chemicals will find, In these formulae, new uses for their products. Non-chemical executives, professional men, and Interested laymen will make through this volume a "speaking acquaintance" with products which they may be using, trying or selling. It often happens that two Individuals using the same Ingredients in the same formula get different results. This may be due to slight deviations in the raw materials or unfamiliarity with the intricacies of a new technique. Accordingly, repeated experiments may be necessary to get the best results. Although many of the formulas given are being used commercially, many have been taken from the literature and may be subject to various errors and omissions. This should be taken into consideration. Wherever possible, it is advisable to consult with other chemists or technical workers regarding commercial production.

Dieses Buch basiert auf grundlegenden Techniken und jungsten industriellen Erfahrungen und eroertert die zahlreichen Entwicklungen bei der Prozessintensivierung und -integration. Es konzentriert sich auf die Steigerung der Nachhaltigkeit uber verschiedene ubergreifende Themen wie nachhaltige Fertigung, energiesparende Technologien sowie Techniken zur Ressourcenschonung und Vermeidung von Umweltverschmutzung. Process Intensification and Integration for Sustainable Design behandelt: Schiefergas als Option fur die Herstellung von Chemikalien und Herausforderungen fur die Prozessintensivierung; das Design und die technooekonomische Analyse von Trenneinheiten zur Bewaltigung der Variabilitat der Rohstoffe bei der Schiefergasbehandlung; RO-PRO Entsalzung; und technooekonomische und umweltbezogene Bewertung ultradunner Polysulfonmembranen fur die sauerstoffangereicherte Verbrennung. Als nachstes wird die Prozessintensivierung membranbasierter Systeme fur Wasser-, Energie- und Umweltanwendungen untersucht, sowie das Design einer intern warmeintegrierten Destillationskolonne (HIDiC); und grafische Analyse und Integration von Warmetauschernetzen mit Warmepumpen. Die Zersetzung und Implementierung einer grossflachigen Warmeintegration zwischen Anlagen sowie die Synthese von Kraft-Warme-Kopplungsnetzen (CHAMENs) mit erneuerbaren Energien werden behandelt. Das Buch behandelt auch Optimierungsstrategien zur Integration und Intensivierung von Wohnkomplexen; eine Bewertung des nachhaltigen Prozesses zur Umwandlung von Biomasse; und mehr. * Deckt die vielen Fortschritte und AEnderungen bei der Intensivierung und Integration von Prozessen ab * Behandelt grundlegende Techniken und aktuelle industrielle Erfahrungen, um die Praktiker in ihren eigenen Prozessen anzuleiten * Bietet umfassende Diskussion zu Themen, die unter anderem fur die Prozessindustrie, Bioraffinerien und das Energiemanagement von Anlagen relevant sind * Bietet eine aufschlussreiche Analyse und Integration des Reaktor- und Warmetauschernetzwerks * Behandelt die Optimierung integrierter Wasser- und Multi-Regenerator-Membransysteme mit Multi-Kontaminationen Process Intensification and Integration for Sustainable Design ist ein ideales Buch fur Verfahrenstechniker, Chemieingenieure, Ingenieurwissenschaftler, Ingenieurburos und Chemiker.

There are very few parts of biology that remain free from the influence of Genetic Engineering developed in the early 1970s. Disciplines as wide apart as Brewing, Forensic Science and Population Genetics have all been affected in some way. The major impact, however, has been to create a new science of Biotechnology - a part of which is the production of proteins in a variety of cellular systems. Initially, bacterial systems such as E. coli were used but it soon became apparent that this prokaryotic host was not suitable for the preparation of more complicated proteins. In December 1988, a Symposium sponsored by the Biological Council organised by Dr Chris Hentschel and myself was held at the Middlesex in London to discuss alternative methods of Hospital Medical School protein production and to review some ofthe applications of the proteins so produced. The presentations at this meeting form the substance ofthis book. The theme is apparent from the first part where the expression of proteins and their domains in yeast is described and compared to other fungal and bacterial systems, such as Aspergillus and Bacillus subtilis. The successful use of recombinant yeast to produce hepatitis B surface antigen for vaccine purposes is particularly pertinent.

The Springer Handbook of Enzymes provides concise data on some 5,000 enzymes sufficiently well characterized and here is the second, updated edition. Their application in analytical, synthetic and biotechnology processes as well as in food industry, and for medicinal treatments is added. Data sheets are arranged in their EC-Number sequence. The new edition reflects considerable progress in enzymology: the total material has more than doubled, and the complete 2nd edition consists of 39 volumes plus Synonym Index. Starting in 2009, all newly classified enzymes are treated in Supplement Volumes.

Two large international conferences on Advances in Engineering Sciences were held in Hong Kong, March 18-20, 2015, under the International MultiConference of Engineers and Computer Scientists (IMECS 2015), and in London, UK, 1-3 July, 2015, under the World Congress on Engineering (WCE 2015) respectively. This volume contains 35 revised and extended research articles written by prominent researchers participating in the conferences. Topics covered include engineering mathematics, computer science, electrical engineering, manufacturing engineering, industrial engineering, and industrial applications. The book offers state-of-the-art advances in engineering sciences and also serves as an excellent reference work for researchers and graduate students working with/on engineering sciences.

There is hardly a technical library in the world in which the volumes of the Chemical Formulary (Volumes 1-34) do not occupy a prominent place. It does not duplicate any of the formulas included in previous volumes, but lists a wide array of modern and salable products from all branches of the chemical industries. An excellent reference for formulation problems. - CONTENTS - I. Introduction - II. Adhesives - III. Beverages and Food - IV. Cosmetics - V. Coatings - VI. Detergents and Disinfectants - VII. Drugs - VIII. Polishes, Abrasives - IX. Miscellaneous - Appendix - Trademark Chemicals - Trademark Chemicals Suppliers - Index - PREFACE - Chemistry, as taught in our schools and colleges, concerns chiefly synthesis, analysis, and engineering-and properly so. It is part of the right foundation for the education of the chemist. Many a chemist entering an Industry soon finds that most of the products manufactured by his concern are not synthetic or definite complex compounds, but are mixtures, blends, or highly complex compounds of which he knows little or nothing. The literature in this field, if any, may be meager, scattered, or obsolete. Even chemists with years of experience In one or more Industries spend conslderable time and effort in acquainting themselves with any new field which they may enter. Consulting chemists similarly have to solve problems brought to them from industries foreign to them. There was a definite need for an up-to-date compilation of formulae for chemical compounding and treatment. Since the fields to be covered are many and varied, an editorial board of chemists and engineers engaged in many industries was formed. Many publications, laboratories, manufacturing firms, and Individuals have been consulted to obtain the latest and best information. It is felt that the formulas given in this volume will save chemists and allied workers much time and effort.

This book covers the general engineering knowledge required by candidates for the Department of Transport's Certificates of Competency in Marine Engineering, Class One and Class Two. The text is updated throughout in this third edition, and new chapters have been added on production of fresh water and on noise and vibration. Reference is also provided to up-to-date papers and official publications on specialized topics. These updates ensure that this little volume will continue to be a useful pre-examination and revision text. - Marine Engineers Review, January 1992

This book presents a complete picture of the current state-of-the-art in alternative and green solvents used for laboratory and industrial natural product extraction in terms of the latest innovations, original methods and safe products. It provides the necessary theoretical background and details on extraction, techniques, mechanisms, protocols, industrial applications, safety precautions and environmental impacts. This book is aimed at professionals from industry, academicians engaged in extraction engineering or natural product chemistry research, and graduate level students. The individual chapters complement one another, were written by respected international researchers and recognized professionals from the industry, and address the latest efforts in the field. It is also the first sourcebook to focus on the rapid developments in this field.

By providing an applied and modern approach, this volume will help readers understand the value and relevance of studying chemical physics and technology to all areas of applied chemical engineering, and gives them the depth of coverage they need to develop a solid understanding of the key principles in the field. Presenting a wide-ranging view of current developments in applied methodologies in chemical and biochemical physics research, the papers in this collection, all written by highly regarded experts in the field, examine various aspects of chemical and biochemical physics and experimentation. The book: * Highlights applications of chemical physics to subjects that chemical engineering students will see in graduate courses * Introduces the types of challenges and real problems that are encountered in industry and graduate research * Provides short chapters that introduce students to the subject in more bite-sized pieces * Presents biochemical examples and applications * Focuses on concepts above formal experimental techniques and theoretical methods The book is ideal for upper-level research students in chemistry, chemical engineering, and polymers. The book assumes a working knowledge of calculus, physics, and chemistry, but no prior knowledge of polymers.

Written by a highly regarded author with industrial and academic experience, this new edition of an established bestselling book provides practical guidance for students, researchers, and those in chemical engineering. The book includes a new section on sustainable energy, with sections on carbon capture and sequestration, as a result of increasing environmental awareness; and a companion website that includes problems, worked solutions, and Excel spreadsheets to enable students to carry out complex calculations.

This book presents the chemical properties of lignocellulosic fibers, knowledge of which is essential for innovation and sustainable development of their transformation. Thermochemical transformation of wood and other lignocellulosics is presented to highlight its volatile, liquid and solid products and their novel applications. Forest biorefinery is described to emphasize the new products from lignocellulosic constituents, both structural (cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignins) and those extraneous to cell walls-extractives. New developments in cellulose technology related to nanocellulose are discussed in relation to new applications. Industrial lignins are presented in detail, both in terms of extraction procedures from spent liquors and structural characterization of the isolated lignins. Application of lignocellulosic biopolymers in new composite materials, or in biomaterials for medicinal purposes, and in solid wood preservation, are described. The example of an industrial biorefinery installed in southwestern France more than 40 years ago is presented.

New materials hold the key to fundamental advances in energy conversion and storage, both of which are vital in order to meet the challenge of global warming and the finite nature of fossil fuels. Nanomaterials in particular offer unique properties or combinations of properties as electrodes and electrolytes in a range of energy devices. Supercapacitors have been widely acknowledged to be promising devices for energy storage. This book describes the latest progress in the discovery and development of nanoelectrolytes and nanoelectrodes for supercapacitor applications.

Algae presents a viable biofuel alternative because the production of algae for fuel, unlike other agro-based biofuels, does not compete with food production. This book covers algae-based biofuel options and discusses the design and economic viability of algal bioenergy co-production concepts.

Assessing Engineering Designs for Environmental, Economic, and Social ImpactEngineers will play a central role in addressing one of the twenty-first century's key challenges: the development of new technologies that address societal needs and wants within the constraints imposed by limited natural resources and the need to protect environmental systems. To create tomorrow's sustainable products, engineers must carefully consider environmental, economic, and social factors in evaluating their designs. Fortunately, quantitative tools for incorporating sustainability concepts into engineering designs and performance metrics are now emerging. "Sustainable Engineering "introduces these tools and shows how to apply them. Building on widely accepted principles they first introduced in "Green Engineering, "David T. Allen and David R. Shonnard discuss key aspects of designing sustainable systems in any engineering discipline. Their powerful, unified approach integrates essential engineering and quantitative design skills, industry perspectives, and case studies, enabling engineering professionals, educators, and students to incorporate sustainability throughout their work. Coverage includes A concise review of the natural resource and environmental challenges engineers face when designing for sustainabilityAnalysis and legislative frameworks for addressing environmental issues and sustainability Methods for identifying green and sustainable materials Principles for improving the sustainability of engineering designs Tools for evaluating sustainable designs and monetizing their benefits

The demand for more durable fasteners to extend the life of equipment such as fishing vessels makes this illustrated introduction to hot-dip galvanizing an invaluable addition to the bookshelves of works managers, engineers, government officials and field project officers. Hot-dip galvanizing is a cost-effective method of protecting cast iron or steel components from corrosion by coating them in zinc, thereby increasing the life of nuts, bolts and other items normally exposed to the elements. The first section of this book describes wet, dry and 'old dry' processes of hot-dip galvanizing, including health and safety, principles and benefits, equipment, materials, power supply, maintenance and quality control. The processes are illustrated with flow diagrams and there are tables to compare the relative benefits of the different options. The second section covers the specification and costing for a galvanizing plant once the market requirements have been established and the best method has been selected.

The book presents a unique view of failure analysis of high technology devices. It describes capabilities and limitations of many analytical techniques and testing paths and decisions best followed in example failure analysis studies.

Bioethanol and Natural Resources: Substrates, Chemistry and Engineered Systems provides a comprehensive review of feedstocks, physiochemical and biological pretreatments, molecular substrates, cellulolytic and ligninolytic enzymes, and advanced technologies for producing bioethanol. Although this book provides a review of first-generation bioethanol feedstocks, chemistry, and processes, there is an emphasis on second-generation "cellulosic" ethanol production. With rapid advances in biofuels technologies and the continued global dependency on unsustainable extraction of fossil fuels, this text is timely. Although it is intended to be used as a supplemental text for advanced undergraduate or graduate level courses, the book is accessible to a non-academic audience. This book provides a unique opportunity to understand bioethanol production from the basic concepts and processes to the most cutting-edge technologies under development.

The study of environmental interfaces and environmental catalysis is central to finding more effective solutions to air pollution and in understanding of how pollution impacts the natural environment. Encompassing concepts, techniques, and methods, Environmental Catalysis provides a mix of theory, computation, analysis, and synthesis to support the latest applications in biocatalysis, green chemistry, environmental remediation and our understanding of the interaction of pollutants with natural systems. The book focuses on several aspects of environmental catalysis. Surface catalysis of airborne particles - including ice, trace atmospheric gases, aerosolized soot nanoparticles, and mineral dust surfaces - as well as particles in contact with ground water and their role in surface adsorption, surface catalysis, hydrolysis, dissolution, precipitation, oxidation and ozone decomposition is explored. It continues by presenting catalysis as the key technology for treating emissions and reducing waste by-products. The authors review the theory behind catalytic converters and discuss the effectiveness of several catalysts, including zeolites and nanoparticles, in treating emissions, aromatic hydrocarbons, and chemical warfare agents. They also survey the use of biocatalysis in environmental remediation, and industrial processes, particularly in the production of transportation fuels, fine chemicals, and pharmaceuticals. Then the authors explain how enzymes can remove chlorinated organics and metals and how microbes can metabolize toxic chemicals from groundwater. Lastly, they discuss the principles of green chemistry, including the use of environmentally benign solvents, biphasic catalysts, and other alternative solvents to recover and recycle catalysts based on heavy metals. With increasing ground water pollution, increasing particulates in the atmosphere, and the increasing need to remove pollutants from industrial and automotive sources, Environmental Catal

In recent years the use of liquid—liquid extraction equipment has attracted widespread interest from all major chemical engineering, petroleum and pharmaceutical companies as well as university-based scientists and engineers. Liquid—Liquid Extraction Equipment presents :

• a critical analysis of all available information, including practical recommendations
• new ideas on performance enhancement and equipment selection
• an up-to-date review of research results on equipment performance
• illustrations of present understanding using well-known equipment
• a concise survey of past, present and forthcoming procedures

First published in 1993, Coagulation and Flocculation is a practical reference for the researchers in the field of the stabilization and destabilization of fine solid dispersions. By omitting chapters that remained unchanged from the first edition, the editors of this second edition completely update, rewrite, and expand upon all chapters to reflect a decade of the latest advances in both theoretical and application aspects of the field. The authors provide expanded material that includes dissociation from a solid surface with independent sites; improvements to the Gouy-Chapman model; electrical double layer, surface ionization, and surface heterogeneity; thin liquid films and modeling of a semi-batch process using microprocesses probabilities; and clay mineral intracrystalline reactions, applications, and gelation. New chapters cover homopolymers and their effect on colloid stability, including never before published figures and equations; the stability of suspensions in the presence of surfactants, polymers, and mixtures; and the flocculation and dewatering of fine-particle suspensions, emphasizing floc formation, growth, structure, and applications. The second edition of Coagulation and Flocculation effectively captures both the theoretical and application aspects of the latest advances in the evolving field of solid dispersions, suspensions, and mixtures.

Almost all the major accident investigations--Texas City, Piper Alpha, the Phillips 66 explosion, Feyzin, Mexico City--show human error as the principal cause, either in design, operations, maintenance, or the management of safety. This book provides practical advice that can substantially reduce human error at all levels. In eight chapters--packed with case studies and examples of simple and advanced techniques for new and existing systems--the book challenges the assumption that human error is "unavoidable." Instead, it suggests a systems perspective. This view sees error as a consequence of a mismatch between human capabilities and demands and inappropriate organizational culture. This makes error a manageable factor and, therefore, avoidable.