Mathematical inequalities are essential tools in mathematics, natural science and engineering. This book gives an overview on recent advances. Some generalizations and improvements for the classical and well-known inequalities are described. They will be applied and further developed in many fields. Applications of the inequalities to entropy theory and quantum physics are also included.

This work is dedicated to Wassiliy Leontief's concepts of Input-Output Analysis and to the algebraic properties of Piero Sraffa's seminal models described consequently by matrix algebra and the Perron-Frobenius Theorem. Detailed examples and visualizing graphs are presented for applications of various mathematical methods.

This book is part of Algebra and Geometry, a subject within the SCIENCES collection published by ISTE and Wiley, and the second of three volumes specifically focusing on algebra and its applications. Algebra and Applications 2 centers on the increasing role played by combinatorial algebra and Hopf algebras, including an overview of the basic theories on non-associative algebras, operads and (combinatorial) Hopf algebras. The chapters are written by recognized experts in the field, providing insight into new trends, as well as a comprehensive introduction to the theory. The book incorporates self-contained surveys with the main results, applications and perspectives. The chapters in this volume cover a wide variety of algebraic structures and their related topics. Alongside the focal topic of combinatorial algebra and Hopf algebras, non-associative algebraic structures in iterated integrals, chronological calculus, differential equations, numerical methods, control theory, non-commutative symmetric functions, Lie series, descent algebras, Butcher groups, chronological algebras, Magnus expansions and Rota-Baxter algebras are explored. Algebra and Applications 2 is of great interest to graduate students and researchers. Each chapter combines some of the features of both a graduate level textbook and of research level surveys.

This book features papers presented during a special session on algebra, functional analysis, complex analysis, and pluripotential theory. Research articles focus on topics such as slow convergence, spectral expansion, holomorphic extension, m-subharmonic functions, pseudo-Galilean group, involutive algebra, Log-integrable measurable functions, Gibbs measures, harmonic and analytic functions, local automorphisms, Lie algebras, and Leibniz algebras. Many of the papers address the theory of harmonic functions, and the book includes a number of extensive survey papers. Graduate and researchers interested in functional analysis, complex analysis, operator algebras and non-associative algebras will find this book relevant to their studies. The special session was part of the second USA-Uzbekistan Conference on Analysis and Mathematical Physics held on August 8-12, 2017 at Urgench State University (Uzbekistan). The conference encouraged communication and future collaboration among U.S. mathematicians and their counterparts in Uzbekistan and other countries. Main themes included algebra and functional analysis, dynamical systems, mathematical physics and partial differential equations, probability theory and mathematical statistics, and pluripotential theory. A number of significant, recently established results were disseminated at the conference's scheduled plenary talks, while invited talks presented a broad spectrum of findings in several sessions. Based on a different session from the conference, Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems is also published in the Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics Series.

This book presents a systematic exposition of the various applications of closure operations in commutative and noncommutative algebra. In addition to further advancing multiplicative ideal theory, the book opens doors to the various uses of closure operations in the study of rings and modules, with emphasis on commutative rings and ideals. Several examples, counterexamples, and exercises further enrich the discussion and lend additional flexibility to the way in which the book is used, i.e., monograph or textbook for advanced topics courses.

This book describes the efficient implementation of public-key cryptography (PKC) to address the security challenges of massive amounts of information generated by the vast network of connected devices, ranging from tiny Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags to powerful desktop computers. It investigates implementation aspects of post quantum PKC and homomorphic encryption schemes whose security is based on the hardness of the ring-learning with error (LWE) problem. The work includes designing an FPGA-based accelerator to speed up computation on encrypted data in the cloud computer. It also proposes a more practical scheme that uses a special module called recryption box to assist homomorphic function evaluation, roughly 20 times faster than the implementation without this module.

COLLEGE ALGEBRA AND CALCULUS: AN APPLIED APPROACH, 2E, International Edition provides a comprehensive resource for college algebra and applied calculus courses. The mathematical concepts and applications are consistently presented in the same tone and pedagogy to promote confidence and a smooth transition from one course to the next. The consolidation of content for two courses in a single text saves instructors time in their course-and saves students the cost of an extra textbook.

Covers determinants, linear spaces, systems of linear equations, linear functions of a vector argument, coordinate transformations, the canonical form of the matrix of a linear operator, bilinear and quadratic forms, Euclidean spaces, unitary spaces, quadratic forms in Euclidean and unitary spaces, finite-dimensional space. Problems with hints and answers.

An engaging collection of intriguing problems that shows you how to think like a mathematical physicist Paul Nahin is a master at explaining odd phenomena through straightforward mathematics. In this collection of twenty-six intriguing problems, he explores how mathematical physicists think. Always entertaining, the problems range from ancient catapult conundrums to the puzzling physics of a very peculiar material called NASTYGLASS-and from dodging trucks to why raindrops fall slower than the rate of gravity. The questions raised may seem impossible to answer at first and may require an unexpected twist in reasoning, but sometimes their solutions are surprisingly simple. Nahin's goal, however, is always to guide readers-who will need only to have studied advanced high school math and physics-in expanding their mathematical thinking to make sense of the curiosities of the physical world. The problems are in the first part of the book and the solutions are in the second, so that readers may challenge themselves to solve the questions on their own before looking at the explanations. The problems show how mathematics-including algebra, trigonometry, geometry, and calculus-can be united with physical laws to solve both real and theoretical problems. Historical anecdotes woven throughout the book bring alive the circumstances and people involved in some amazing discoveries and achievements. More than a puzzle book, this work will immerse you in the delights of scientific history while honing your math skills.

This book introduces mathematicians, physicists, and philosophers to a new, coherent approach to theory and interpretation of quantum physics, in which classical and quantum thinking live peacefully side by side and jointly fertilize the intuition. The formal, mathematical core of quantum physics is cleanly separated from the interpretation issues. The book demonstrates that the universe can be rationally and objectively understood from the smallest to the largest levels of modeling. The thermal interpretation featured in this book succeeds without any change in the theory. It involves one radical step, the reinterpretation of an assumption that was virtually never questioned before - the traditional eigenvalue link between theory and observation is replaced by a q-expectation link: Objective properties are given by q-expectations of products of quantum fields and what is computable from these. Averaging over macroscopic spacetime regions produces macroscopic quantities with negligible uncertainty, and leads to classical physics. - Reflects the actual practice of quantum physics. - Models the quantum-classical interface through coherent spaces. - Interprets both quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. - Eliminates probability and measurement from the foundations. - Proposes a novel solution of the measurement problem.

The definitive guide to the game theoretic and probabilistic underpinning for Bitcoin's security model. Discusses, how Bitcoin works, includes an overview of probability and game theory and provides a quantitative analysis for Bitcoin security under attack modes. Explains, possible attacks on Bitcoin as its influence grows and includes breakdown of how the how the block reward schedule and adoption will affect the vulnerability of the network.

A Thorough Presentation of the Theory of Algebraic Numbers and Functions Built on a presentation of algebraic foundations Topics in (algebraic) number theory are presented in a systematic, unified and often in a original manner. Many of the topics covered are not contained in books or in accessible surveys.

For courses in Differential Equations and Linear Algebra. The right balance between concepts, visualisation, applications, and skills Differential Equations and Linear Algebra provides the conceptual development and geometric visualisation of a modern differential equations and linear algebra course that is essential to science and engineering students. It balances traditional manual methods with the new, computer-based methods that illuminate qualitative phenomena - a comprehensive approach that makes accessible a wider range of more realistic applications. The book combines core topics in elementary differential equations with concepts and methods of elementary linear algebra. It starts and ends with discussions of mathematical modeling of real-world phenomena, evident in figures, examples, problems, and applications throughout.

Extending the well-known connection between classical linear potential theory and probability theory (through the interplay between harmonic functions and martingales) to the nonlinear case of tug-of-war games and their related partial differential equations, this unique book collects several results in this direction and puts them in an elementary perspective in a lucid and self-contained fashion.

This book describes recent findings in the domain of Boolean logic and Boolean algebra, covering application domains in circuit and system design, but also basic research in mathematics and theoretical computer science. Content includes invited chapters and a selection of the best papers presented at the 13th annual International Workshop on Boolean Problems. Provides a single-source reference to the state-of-the-art research in the field of logic synthesis and Boolean techniques; Includes a selection of the best papers presented at the 13th annual International Workshop on Boolean Problems; Covers Boolean algebras, Boolean logic, Boolean modeling, Combinatorial Search, Boolean and bitwise arithmetic, Software and tools for the solution of Boolean problems, Applications of Boolean logic and algebras, Applications to real-world problems, Boolean constraint solving, and Extensions of Boolean logic.

This two-volume work introduces the theory and applications of Schur-convex functions. The second volume mainly focuses on the application of Schur-convex functions in sequences inequalities, integral inequalities, mean value inequalities for two variables, mean value inequalities for multi-variables, and in geometric inequalities.

Now in its fifth edition, this book offers a detailed yet concise introduction to the growing field of statistical applications in finance. The reader will learn the basic methods for evaluating option contracts, analyzing financial time series, selecting portfolios and managing risks based on realistic assumptions about market behavior. The focus is both on the fundamentals of mathematical finance and financial time series analysis, and on applications to specific problems concerning financial markets, thus making the book the ideal basis for lectures, seminars and crash courses on the topic. All numerical calculations are transparent and reproducible using quantlets. For this new edition the book has been updated and extensively revised and now includes several new aspects such as neural networks, deep learning, and crypto-currencies. Both R and Matlab code, together with the data, can be downloaded from the book's product page and the Quantlet platform. The Quantlet platform quantlet.de, quantlet.com, quantlet.org is an integrated QuantNet environment consisting of different types of statistics-related documents and program codes. Its goal is to promote reproducibility and offer a platform for sharing validated knowledge native to the social web. QuantNet and the corresponding Data-Driven Documents-based visualization allow readers to reproduce the tables, pictures and calculations inside this Springer book. "This book provides an excellent introduction to the tools from probability and statistics necessary to analyze financial data. Clearly written and accessible, it will be very useful to students and practitioners alike." Yacine Ait-Sahalia, Otto Hack 1903 Professor of Finance and Economics, Princeton University

This two-volume work introduces the theory and applications of Schur-convex functions. The first volume introduces concepts and properties of Schur-convex functions, including Schur-geometrically convex functions, Schur-harmonically convex functions, Schur-power convex functions, etc. and also discusses applications of Schur-convex functions in symmetric function inequalities.

In 1917, Johann Radon published his fundamental work, where he introduced what is now called the Radon transform. Including important contributions by several experts, this book reports on ground-breaking developments related to the Radon transform throughout these years, and also discusses novel mathematical research topics and applications for the next century.

This book is intended as a teacher's manual and as an independent-study handbook for students and mathematical competitors. Based on a traditional teaching philosophy and a non-traditional writing approach (the stair-step method), this book consists of new problems with solutions created by the authors. The main idea of this approach is to start from relatively easy problems and "step-by-step" increase the level of difficulty toward effectively maximizing students' learning potential. In addition to providing solutions, a separate table of answers is also given at the end of the book. A broad view of mathematics is covered, well beyond the typical elementary level, by providing more in depth treatment of Geometry and Trigonometry, Number Theory, Algebra, Calculus, and Combinatorics.

This book discusses the latest advances in algorithms for symbolic summation, factorization, symbolic-numeric linear algebra and linear functional equations. It presents a collection of papers on original research topics from the Waterloo Workshop on Computer Algebra (WWCA-2016), a satellite workshop of the International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation (ISSAC'2016), which was held at Wilfrid Laurier University (Waterloo, Ontario, Canada) on July 23-24, 2016. This workshop and the resulting book celebrate the 70th birthday of Sergei Abramov (Dorodnicyn Computing Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow), whose highly regarded and inspirational contributions to symbolic methods have become a crucial benchmark of computer algebra and have been broadly adopted by many Computer Algebra systems.

This book is an introduction to singularities for graduate students and researchers. Algebraic geometry is said to have originated in the seventeenth century with the famous work Discours de la methode pour bien conduire sa raison, et chercher la verite dans les sciences by Descartes. In that book he introduced coordinates to the study of geometry. After its publication, research on algebraic varieties developed steadily. Many beautiful results emerged in mathematicians' works. First, mostly non-singular varieties were studied. In the past three decades, however, it has become clear that singularities are necessary for us to have a good description of the framework of varieties. For example, it is impossible to formulate minimal model theory for higher-dimensional cases without singularities. A remarkable fact is that the study of singularities is developing and people are beginning to see that singularities are interesting and can be handled by human beings. This book is a handy introduction to singularities for anyone interested in singularities. The focus is on an isolated singularity in an algebraic variety. After preparation of varieties, sheaves, and homological algebra, some known results about 2-dimensional isolated singularities are introduced. Then a classification of higher-dimensional isolated singularities is shown according to plurigenera and the behavior of singularities under a deformation is studied. In the second edition, brief descriptions about recent remarkable developments of the researches are added as the last chapter.

This book originated from a Discussion Group (Teaching Linear Algebra) that was held at the 13th International Conference on Mathematics Education (ICME-13). The aim was to consider and highlight current efforts regarding research and instruction on teaching and learning linear algebra from around the world, and to spark new collaborations. As the outcome of the two-day discussion at ICME-13, this book focuses on the pedagogy of linear algebra with a particular emphasis on tasks that are productive for learning. The main themes addressed include: theoretical perspectives on the teaching and learning of linear algebra; empirical analyses related to learning particular content in linear algebra; the use of technology and dynamic geometry software; and pedagogical discussions of challenging linear algebra tasks. Drawing on the expertise of mathematics education researchers and research mathematicians with experience in teaching linear algebra, this book gathers work from nine countries: Austria, Germany, Israel, Ireland, Mexico, Slovenia, Turkey, the USA and Zimbabwe.