A compilation of up to date reviews of topics in biotechnology and the medical field.

Despite advances in alternative materials, metals are still the biomaterial of choice for a number of clinical applications such as dental, orthopedic and cardiac implants. However, there are a number of intrinsic problems associated with implanting metal in the biological environment, such as wear, corrosion, biocompatibility and toxicity, which must be addressed. Modern technology has enabled scientists to modify metal surfaces or apply special coatings to metals to improve their performance safety. Surface Coating and Modification of Metallic Biomaterials will discuss the most important modification techniques and coatings for metals, first covering the fundamentals of metals as a biomaterial and then exploring surface modification techniques and coatings.

The Elsevier book-series "Advances in Planar Lipid Bilayers and Liposomes' (APLBL) provides a global platform for a broad community of experimental and theoretical researchers studying cell membranes, lipid model membranes and lipid self-assemblies from the micro- to the nanoscale. Planar lipid bilayers are widely studied due to their ubiquity in nature and find their application in the formulation of biomimetic model membranes and in the design of artificial dispersion of liposomes. Moreover, lipids self-assemble into a wide range of other structures including micelles and the liquid crystalline hexagonal and cubic phases. Consensus has been reached that curved membrane phases do play an important role in nature as well, especially in dynamic processes such as vesicles fusion and cell communication. Self-assembled lipid structures have enormous potential as dynamic materials ranging from artificial lipid membranes to cell membranes, from biosensing to controlled drug delivery, from pharmaceutical formulations to novel food products to mention a few. An assortment of chapters in APLBL represents both an original research as well as comprehensives reviews written by world leading experts and young researchers.

Statistics is a key characteristic that assists a wide variety of professions including business, government, and factual sciences. Companies need data calculation to make informed decisions that help maintain their relevance. Design of experiments (DOE) is a set of active techniques that provides a more efficient approach for industries to test their processes and form effective conclusions. Experimental design can be implemented into multiple professions, and it is a necessity to promote applicable research on this up-and-coming method. Design of Experiments for Chemical, Pharmaceutical, Food, and Industrial Applications is a pivotal reference source that seeks to increase the use of design of experiments to optimize and improve analytical methods and productive processes in order to use less resources and time. While highlighting topics such as multivariate methods, factorial experiments, and pharmaceutical research, this publication is ideally designed for industrial designers, research scientists, chemical engineers, managers, academicians, and students seeking current research on advanced and multivariate statistics.

The advances in microsystems offer new opportunities and capabilities to develop systems for biomedical applications, such as diagnostics and therapy. There is a need for a comprehensive treatment of microsystems and in particular for an understanding of performance limits associated with the shrinking scale of microsystems. The new edition of Microsystems for Bioelectronics addresses those needs and represents a major revision, expansion and advancement of the previous edition. This book considers physical principles and trends in extremely scaled autonomous microsystems such as integrated intelligent sensor systems, with a focus on energy minimization. It explores the implications of energy minimization on device and system architecture. It further details behavior of electronic components and its implications on system-level scaling and performance limits. In particular, fundamental scaling limits for energy sourcing, sensing, memory, computation and communication subsystems are developed and new applications such as optical, magnetic and mechanical sensors are presented. The new edition of this well-proven book with its unique focus and interdisciplinary approach shows the complexities of the next generation of nanoelectronic microsystems in a simple and illuminating view, and is aimed for a broad audience within the engineering and biomedical community.

Biomimetics is the idea of creating new technologies abstracted from what we find in biology. Ocean Innovation: Biomimetics Beneath the Waves seeks that technological inspiration from the rich biodiversity of marine organisms. Bringing both a biological and engineering perspective to the biomimetic potential of oceanic organisms, this richly illustrated book investigates questions such as: How can we mimic the sensory systems of sea creatures like sharks, sea turtles, and lobsters to improve our ability to navigate underwater? What can we do to afford humans the opportunity to go unnoticed by marine life? How can we diffuse oxygen from water to enable deep diving without the risk of decompression sickness? Each chapter explores an area where we, as divers and technologists, can benefit from understanding how animals survive in the sea, presenting case studies that demonstrate how natural solutions can be applied to mankind's engineering challenges.

Applied plant genomics and biotechnology reviews the recent advancements in the post-genomic era, discussing how different varieties respond to abiotic and biotic stresses, investigating epigenetic modifications and epigenetic memory through analysis of DNA methylation states, applicative uses of RNA silencing and RNA interference in plant physiology and in experimental transgenics, and plants modified to produce high-value pharmaceutical proteins. The book provides an overview of research advances in application of RNA silencing and RNA interference, through Virus-based transient gene expression systems, Virus induced gene complementation (VIGC), Virus induced gene silencing (Sir VIGS, Mr VIGS) Virus-based microRNA silencing (VbMS) and Virus-based RNA mobility assays (VRMA); RNA based vaccines and expression of virus proteins or RNA, and virus-like particles in plants, the potential of virus vaccines and therapeutics, and exploring plants as factories for useful products and pharmaceuticals are topics wholly deepened. The book reviews and discuss Plant Functional Genomic studies discussing the technologies supporting the genetic improvement of plants and the production of plant varieties more resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Several important crops are analysed providing a glimpse on the most up-to-date methods and topics of investigation. The book presents a review on current state of GMO, the cisgenesis-derived plants and novel plant products devoid of transgene elements, discuss their regulation and the production of desired traits such as resistance to viruses and disease also in fruit trees and wood trees with long vegetative periods. Several chapters cover aspects of plant physiology related to plant improvement: cytokinin metabolism and hormone signaling pathways are discussed in barley; PARP-domain proteins involved in Stress-Induced Morphogenetic Response, regulation of NAD signaling and ROS dependent synthesis of anthocyanins. Apple allergen isoforms and the various content in different varieties are discussed and approaches to reduce their presence. Euphorbiaceae, castor bean, cassava and Jathropa are discussed at genomic structure, their diseases and viruses, and methods of transformation. Rice genomics and agricultural traits are discussed, and biotechnology for engineering and improve rice varieties. Mango topics are presented with an overview of molecular methods for variety differentiation, and aspects of fruit improvement by traditional and biotechnology methods. Oilseed rape is presented, discussing the genetic diversity, quality traits, genetic maps, genomic selection and comparative genomics for improvement of varieties. Tomato studies are presented, with an overview on the knowledge of the regulatory networks involved in flowering, methods applied to study the tomato genome-wide DNA methylation, its regulation by small RNAs, microRNA-dependent control of transcription factors expression, the development and ripening processes in tomato, genomic studies and fruit modelling to establish fleshy fruit traits of interest; the gene reprogramming during fruit ripening, and the ethylene dependent and independent DNA methylation changes.

Tissue engineering involves seeding of cells on bio-mimicked scaffolds providing adhesive surfaces. Researchers though face a range of problems in generating tissue which can be circumvented by employing nanotechnology. It provides substrates for cell adhesion and proliferation and agents for cell growth and can be used to create nanostructures and nanoparticles to aid the engineering of different types of tissue. Written by renowned scientists from academia and industry, this book covers the recent developments, trends and innovations in the application of nanotechnologies in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. It provides information on methodologies for designing and using biomaterials to regenerate tissue, on novel nano-textured surface features of materials (nano-structured polymers and metals e.g.) as well as on theranostics, immunology and nano-toxicology aspects. In the book also explained are fabrication techniques for production of scaffolds to a series of tissue-specific applications of scaffolds in tissue engineering for specific biomaterials and several types of tissue (such as skin bone, cartilage, vascular, cardiac, bladder and brain tissue). Furthermore, developments in nano drug delivery, gene therapy and cancer nanotechonology are described. The book helps readers to gain a working knowledge about the nanotechnology aspects of tissue engineering and will be of great use to those involved in building specific tissue substitutes in reaching their objective in a more efficient way. It is aimed for R&D and academic scientists, lab engineers, lecturers and PhD students engaged in the fields of tissue engineering or more generally regenerative medicine, nanomedicine, medical devices, nanofabrication, biofabrication, nano- and biomaterials and biomedical engineering.

Uses the FPT to Solve the Quantification Problem in MRS An invaluable tool in non-invasive clinical oncology diagnostics Addressing the critical need in clinical oncology for robust and stable signal processing in magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), Signal Processing in Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy with Biomedical Applications explores cutting-edge theory-based innovations for obtaining reliable quantitative information from MR signals for cancer diagnostics. By defining the natural framework of signal processing using the well-established theory of quantum physics, the book illustrates how advances in signal processing can optimize MRS. The authors employ the fast Pade transform (FPT) as the unique polynomial quotient for the spectral analysis of MR time signals. They prove that residual spectra are necessary but not sufficient criteria to estimate the error invoked in quantification. Instead, they provide a more comprehensive strategy that monitors constancy of spectral parameters as one of the most reliable signatures of stability and robustness of quantification. The authors also use Froissart doublets to unequivocally distinguish between genuine and spurious resonances in both noise-free and noise-corrupted time signals, enabling the exact reconstruction of all the genuine spectral parameters. They show how the FPT resolves and quantifies tightly overlapped resonances that are abundantly seen in MR spectra generated using data from encoded time signals from the brain, breast, ovary, and prostate. Written by a mathematical physicist and a clinical scientist, this book captures the multidisciplinary nature of biomedicine. It examines the remarkable ability of the FPT to unambiguously quantify isolated, tightly overlapped, and nearly confluent resonances.

From disease marker identification to accelerated drug development, Protein Arrays, Biochips, and Proteomics offers a detailed overview of current and emerging trends in the field of array-based proteomics. This reference focuses on innovations in protein microarrays and biochips, mass spectrometry, high-throughput protein expression, protein-protein interactions, structural proteomics, and the proteomic marketplace for comprehensive understanding of past, present, and future proteomic research. Offering an abundance of figures and charts, the book compiles a wide variety of technologies and applications ranging from functionalized chip surfaces to strategies for protein expression.

From the laboratory to full-scale commercial production, this reference provides a clear and in-depth analysis of bioreactor design and operation and encompasses critical aspects of the biocatalytic manufacturing process. It clarifies principles in reaction and biochemical engineering, synthetic and biotransformation chemistry, and biocell and enzyme kinetics for successful applications of biocatalysis and bioprocess technologies in the food, chiral drug, vitamin, pharmaceutical, and animal feed industries. Studying reactions from small to supramolecules, this reference provides an abundant supply of end-of-chapter problems to sharpen understanding of key concepts presented in the text.

Worldwide energy and food crises are spotlighting the importance of bio-based products - an area many are calling on for solutions to these shortages. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology encapsulates the cutting-edge advances in the field with contributions from more than 50 international experts comprising sectors of academia, industry, and government research institutes, a virtual Who's Who among biocatalysis scientists. Created Under the Editorial Guidance of Leading Biotechnology Experts With the aid of numerous graphs and illustrations, this authoritative reference documents such important advances as: Cloning and characterization of Kennedy pathway acyltransferases Engineering of plants for industrial uses New approaches from acquired tolerance to the biotic and abiotic stress of economically important crops This comprehensive text also explores a variety of bio-based industrial products, including: The modification of enzyme character through gene manipulation The biocatalytic synthesis of chiral intermediates for drug development The use of Omega-3 phospholipid nano capsules as effective forms for transporting immune response modifiers Providing in-depth reviews of this ancient field and its modern-day advances, Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology is an invaluable lab reference for teachers, graduate students, and industrial scientists conducting research in the biosciences.

This new edition provides the most advanced research using bioprobes on the chemical control of 1) cell cycle and differentiation, 2) epigenetics, 3) apoptosis and autophagy, and 4) immune response. The "bioprobe", first proposed in the first edition, has become an indispensable tool for chemical biology and has substantially assisted in the investigation of complex biochemical processes of cells. New areas of investigation such as stem cell research, epigenetic research, and autophagy research have rapidly advanced in the past 10 years. Including these new findings, this second edition supplies up-to-date information on the biochemical tools called bioprobes. Data on each bioprobe, such as chemical structure, origin, function, and references, are presented as one item in this volume. Readers will easily find useful information and will be able to determine the appropriate bioprobes to investigate cell functions. The information on bioprobes and their use in research makes this book a valuable source for researchers in diverse fields. Not only scientists in academia but also in the pharmaceutical industries will discover the most important information about small molecules useful for drug discovery.

Biotechnology is expected, by many observers, to have a significant impact on the world dairy industry over the next decade. In this timely volume, Lovell Jarvis analyzes the potential effect of two biotechnologies-multiple ovulation and embryo transfers (MOET) and recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST-on the dairy industry around the world. According to Jarvis's research, the effects of these two technologies will vary greatly between the developed and developing nations. He predicts that the technologies will be most profitable for the developed nations, where their use will increase milk production and strengthen their positions in dairy export markets. Developing country dairy sectors will probably lose from the use of these two biotechnologies, as their own international trade position will be weakened, though their own consumers should benefit. Jarvis concludes his study with a look at alternative approaches that might improve the competitive position of developing countries in the dairy sector.

Nanotechnology can be used to address challenges faced by the food and bioprocessing industries for developing and implementing improved or novel systems that can produce safer, nutritious, healthier, sustainable, and environmental-friendly food products. This book overviews the most recent advances made on the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology that significantly influenced the food industry. Advances in Processing Technologies for Bio-Based Nanosystems in Food provides a multidisciplinary review of the complex mechanisms involved in the research, development, production and legislation of food containing nanostructures systems. Features: Presents the most recent advances made in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology as applied to the food industry Discusses innovative approaches and processing technologies Shows how nanotechnology can be used to produce safer, nutritious, healthier, sustainable and environmental-friendly food products Covers the complex mechanisms involved in the research, development, production and legislation of food containing nanostructures Selected examples of nanotechnology applications in food industry are shown, focusing on advanced aspects of food packaging, processing and preservation; followed by one contribution that presents the potential commercialization and the main challenges for scale-up. Comprised of 15 chapters, this book provides much-needed and up-to-date information on the use of emergent technologies in bio-based nanosystems for foods, and serves as an ideal reference for scientists, regulators, industrialists, and consumers that conduct research and development in the food processing industry.

Emergence of Pharmaceutical Industry Growth with Industrial IoT Approach uses an innovative approach to explore how the Internet of Things (IoT) and big data can improve approaches, create efficiencies and make discoveries. Rapid growth of the IoT has encouraged many companies in the manufacturing sector to make use of this technology to unlock its potential. Pharmaceutical manufacturing companies are no exception to this, as IoT has the potential to revolutionize aspects of the pharmaceutical manufacturing process, from drug discovery to manufacturing. Using clear, concise language and real world case studies, this book discusses systems level from both a human-factors point-of-view and the perspective of networking, databases, privacy and anti-spoofing. The wide variety of topics presented offers readers multiple perspectives on a how to integrate the Internet of Things into pharmaceutical manufacturing.

Therapeutic risk management of medicines is an authoritative and practical guide on developing, implementing and evaluating risk management plans for medicines globally. It explains how to assess risks and benefit-risk balance, design and roll out risk minimisation and pharmacovigilance activities, and interact effectively with key stakeholders.

A more systematic approach for managing the risks of medicines arose following a number of high-profile drug safety incidents and a need for better access to effective but potentially risky treatments. Regulatory requirements have evolved rapidly over the past decade. Risk management plans (RMPs) are mandatory for new medicinal products in the EU and a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) is needed for certain drugs in the US.

This book is an easy-to-read resource that complements current regulatory guidance, by exploring key areas and practical implications in greater detail. It is structured into chapters encompassing a background to therapeutic risk management, strategies for developing RMPs, implementation of RMPs, and the continuing evolution of the risk management field.The topic is of critical importance not only to the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries, but also regulators and healthcare policymakers.Some chapters feature contributions from selected industry experts.
An up-to-date practical guide on conceiving, designing, and implementing global therapeutic risk management plans for medicinesA number of useful frameworks are presented which add impact to RMPs (Risk Management Plans), together with regional specific information (European Union, United States, and Japan)Acomprehensive guide for performing risk management more effectively throughout a product s life-cycle"

"Biotechnology and Biology of Trichoderma" serves as a comprehensive reference on the chemistry and biochemistry of one of the most important microbial agents, Trichoderma, and its use in an increased number of industrial bioprocesses for the synthesis of many biochemicals such as pharmaceuticals and biofuels. This book provides individuals working in the field of Trichoderma, especially biochemical engineers, biochemists and biotechnologists, important information on how these valuable fungi can contribute to the production of a wide range of products of commercial and ecological interest.
Provides a detailed and comprehensive coverage of the chemistry, biochemistry and biotechnology of Trichoderma, fungi present in soil and plantsIncludes most important current and potential applications of Trichoderma in bioengineering, bioprocess technology including bioenergy & biofuels, biopharmaceuticals, secondary metabolites and protein engineeringIncludes the most recent research advancements made on Trichoderma applications in plant biotechnology and ecologyand environment"

Adenoviruses are double stranded DNA viruses that have been used to study the process of DNA replication. Studies of the mode of action of adenovirally produced tumors in rodents led to the discovery of tumour supressor genes. The adenoviral vector is now the most used vector in clinical gene therapy especially for some kinds of cancers. The chapters in this book focus on the most up-to-date developments in the therapeutic applications of adenoviruses. The intended audience is individuals in the Life Sciences interested in therapeutic applications of adenoviruses. This book reviews the life history and immune responses to adenoviruses and summarizes various therapies implemented with the use of adenoviruses.

Viral Nanotechnology presents an up-to-date overview of the rapidly developing field of viral nanotechnology in the areas of immunology, virology, microbiology, chemistry, physics, and mathematical modeling. Its chapters are by leading researchers and practitioners, making it both a comprehensive and indispensable resource for study and research. The field of viral nanotechnology is new and quickly expanding due to increasing demand of the applications already developed. The editors identify viral nanotechnology as a significant science that concerns itself with how to use the molecular modules that the distinctly different science of molecular engineering only constructs. The current potential applications of viral technology are manifold, with opportunities to revolutionize practices in photonics, catalysis, electronics, energy, biomedicine, health care, and public health. This book emphasizes using viral nanotechnology to improve health. A special emphasis is placed upon using viral nanotechnology for developing vaccines. In addition, it documents viral nanotechnology's use as a powerful tool for developing drugs and genetic therapies. There is also great potential in its use as a means for diagnostics, including the development of diagnostic reagents and novel imaging technologies for detecting disease and infectious agents. Viral nanotechnology's rapid and exciting growth is due to the need for new tools in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease. The contributors to this volume approach each chapter with the hope that their research and practices will contribute to an improvement in health and life on an unprecedented scale in human history.

This book focuses on cell- and molecule-based biosensors using micro/nano devices as transducers. After providing basic information on micro/nano cell- and molecule-based biosensors, it introduces readers to the basic structures and properties of micro/nano materials and their applications. The topics covered provide a comprehensive review of the current state of the art in micro/nano cell- and molecule-based biosensors as well as their future development trends, ensuring the book will be of great interest to the interdisciplinary community active in this area: researchers, engineers, biologists, medical scientists, and all those whose work involves related interdisciplinary research and applications. Dr. Ping Wang is a Professor in Department of Biomedical Engineering at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. Dr. Chunsheng Wu is a Professor in Medical School at Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China. Dr. Ning Hu is an Assistant researcher in Department of Biomedical Engineering at Zhejiang University and a Postdoctoral researcher in Medical School at Harvard University, Boston, USA. Dr. K. Jimmy Hsia is a Professor in Department of Biomedical Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA.

Single-cell Omics, Volume 2: Advances in Applications provides the latest single-cell omics applications in the field of biomedicine. The advent of omics technologies have enabled us to identify the differences between cell types and subpopulations at the level of the genome, proteome, transcriptome, epigenome, and in several other fields of omics. The book is divided into two sections: the first is dedicated to biomedical applications, such as cell diagnostics, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT), circulating tumor cells, breast cancer, gliomas, nervous systems and autoimmune disorders, and more. The second focuses on cell omics in plants, discussing micro algal and single cell omics, and more. This book is a valuable source for bioinformaticians, molecular diagnostic researchers, clinicians and several members of biomedical field interested in understanding more about single-cell omics and its potential for research and diagnosis.

This second edition volume expands on the previous edition by exploring the latest advancements in high throughput screening (HTS) in toxicity studies by using in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models. This volume also covers the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and data science to curate, manage, and use HTS data. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and thorough, High Throughput Screening Assays in Modern Toxicology, Second Edition is a valuable resource for scientists pursuing chemical toxicology research. This book will aid scientists and researchers in translating new HTS techniques into standardized chemical toxicology assessment tools that can refine, reduce, and replace animal testing.

The Core Model: A Collaborative Paradigm for the Pharmaceutical Industry and Global Health Care develops the innovative core model, an organizational research and design paradigm and economic theory that proposes a collaborative approach to resolving global health issues and improving the productivity of drug development. The model proposes that scientific collaboration does not occur in an unstructured manner, but actually takes place within a highly structured order where knowledge is transferred, integrated and finally translated into commercial products. An understanding of this model will help solve the global pharmaceutical industrys productivity problems and address important global health care and economic issues. This book is useful to researchers, advanced students, regulators, and management in pharmaceutical industries, as well as healthcare professionals, those working in health economics, and those interested in scientific innovation processes.

Single-Cell Omics: Volume 1: Technological Advances and Applications provides the latest technological developments and applications of single-cell technologies in the field of biomedicine. In the current era of precision medicine, the single-cell omics technology is highly promising due to its potential in diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics. Sections in the book cover single-cell omics research and applications, diverse technologies applied in the topic, such as pangenomics, metabolomics, and multi-omics of single cells, data analysis, and several applications of single-cell omics within the biomedical field, for example in cancer, metabolic and neuro diseases, immunology, pharmacogenomics, personalized medicine and reproductive health. This book is a valuable source for bioinformaticians, molecular diagnostic researchers, clinicians and members of the biomedical field who are interested in understanding more about single-cell omics and its potential for research and diagnosis.