Cancer is the second leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, ranking just after cardiovascular diseases. In the central nervous system, gliomas constitute the most frequent type of tumors. According to the definition, oligodendrogliomas are diffusely infiltrating glial tumors, composed of neoplastic oligodendroglial cells, typically found in cerebral hemispheres in adult population, although not uncommon in children. They encompass a range of tumours, from well-differentiated to frankly malignant neoplasms. In the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification of tumors of the central nervous system, covering a four-tiered WHO grading scheme, oligodendrogliomas are recognised as grade WHO II and WHO III by the degree of malignancy. They may be either well differentiated, composed of neoplastic cells that morphologically resemble oligodendroglia, or may harbor focal or diffuse features of malignancy, respectively. Their prognosis is in this case less favorable. This book provides current research on the diagnosis, outcomes and prognosis of oligodendrogliomas. Chapter one examines the pathology, molecular mechanisms and clinical references of ODs. Chapter two discusses the ODs and the problematic diagnostic markers. Chapter three examines the histopathologic features of oligodendrogliomas and of an assortment of other central nervous system neoplasms that can resemble them and reviews features that allow one to sort through these histopathologic differential diagnoses. The final chapter reviews speech mapping in oligodendroglioma operations and provides data regarding patient outcomes with these methods.

When her new-born daughter Charlotte was diagnosed with a rare and deadly leukaemia, Pia de Jong and her husband made a momentous decision: they rejected chemotherapy and instead choose to "wait for what will come". As the following year unfolded, they entered a disorienting world of doctors, medical procedures, and a cast of neighbours and protectors in Amsterdam. de Jong's house became her inner sanctum, where she gave Charlotte the unfiltered love and strength she needed. Their decision, now known as "watchful waiting", has become the standard medical protocol for Charlotte's type of leukaemia. This deeply felt memoir reveals the galvanizing impact one child can have on a family, a neighbourhood and a worldwide medical community. Vivid and immersive, Saving Charlotte is also a portrait of a woman's brave voyage of love, hope and, in its inspiring climax, self-discovery.

MRI provides the best means of imaging the bone marrow directly and of non-invasively assessing its composition. Normal age-related bone marrow changes, alterations related to red marrow reconversion, and pathological bone marrow processes generally conform to certain patterns that reflect the underlying marrow changes and can be clearly recognized on MR images. In addition to conventional pulse sequences, advanced MRI techniques such as Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI and Diffusion-Weighted Imaging depict marrow changes at the microvascular and cellular level respectively. This book provides radiologists with in-depth information on the MRI appearances of normal, abnormal and treated marrow following a structured, pattern-based approach. MRI findings for various diseases that affect the bone marrow, particularly those of a malignant nature, are presented in detail. MRI pattern recognition not only offers a systematic approach to image interpretation and diagnosis but also has prognostic implications with regard to some disease entities. Each chapter includes a wealth of high-quality images, together with Key Points summarizing the most important information. In addition to radiologists, practitioners with an interest in hematology and oncology will find this textbook-atlas to be a valuable resource for the latest, clinically relevant advances in bone marrow imaging.

This book offers essential information on basic and translational research in gastric cancer, while also illustrating potential opportunities for its application in clinical practice. Gastric cancer is the fourth-most-common cancer globally and the second-leading cause of cancer deaths. It is known to be a heterogeneous disease with varied responses to "one-size-fits-all" treatments. Expanding our knowledge of cancer cell genetics may help us to explore more effective treatments in gastric cancer. The research on molecular mechanisms and its clinical applications, both presented here, will help readers gain an in-depth understanding of gastric cancer and its effective treatment. The book's four sections cover personalized medicine, precise regional therapy, immunotherapy and nanomedicine in gastric cancer. Each part presents the state of art, recent advances and the authors' experiences. Moreover, several interesting cases are described to demonstrate how gastric cancer patients benefit from translational research. This informative and attractively presented book on precision treatment in gastric cancer, including experimental findings and clinical treatment options, offers a valuable resource for oncologists and graduate students working in the field of gastric cancer.

This book covers almost all fields of cancer genetics and genomics for personalized medicine. Targeted therapy, or precision medicine, or personalized medicine is becoming a standard treatment for many diseases, including cancer. However, how much do we know about the personalized medicine approach? This lucid book helps undergraduate and graduate students, professional researchers, and clinicians to better understand the key concept of personalized medicine. The most up-to-date topics on personalized medicine in this book cover the recent trends in and updates on lung, gastric, liver, breast, and other types of cancers. Circulating tumor cell, cell-free circulating DNA, and microRNAs are discussed as new diagnostic and prognostic markers for cancer. The avatar mouse model is also discussed for maximizing treatment efficacy and prognosis prediction, and so is microenvironment as a drug resistance mechanism. With classical and new pathological approaches, the book provides a systemic overview of personalized immunotherapies and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, followed by new emerging fields of hereditary cancer, thereby equipping readers to eventually contribute in developing more advanced tools and therapies for curing cancer.

This book explores in detail the primary liver cancers of hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma examining the pathogenesis of disease along with diagnosis and current management options together with exploration of future treatment strategies and areas of controversy. Furthermore, the book highlights management of the common secondary malignancies and touches on benign liver tumours and how to best manage these. Written in a clear and didactic style, this volume includes summaries of the key learning points and questions so that the reader can gauge their knowledge and understanding. This book is aimed to broaden the knowledge base of primary care physicians, general physicians along with specialists in hepatology, oncology and hepato-biliary surgery

Divided into two volumes the work offers a so far unmatched broad and at the same time deep knowledge on molecular and cellular mechanisms of carcinogenesis and offers comprehensive insight into clinical, therapeutic and technological aspects. This 1st Volume presents tumor entities of the ocular system, the thyroid organ, the oesophagus, gliomas, non-glial brain tumors, head and neck as well as lung cancer. In addition it also discusses in-depth potential novel molecular players and the role of stem cells as well as the endocannabinoid system in carcinogenesis, it furthermore explains tumor metabolism components and signaling pathways. Each of the chapters discusses potential therapeutic strategies and novel drug targets. The book addresses basic scientists and medical researchers interested in translational cancer research.

"Precision/personalized or stratified medicine" refers to the tailoring of medical treatment or drug administration to the individual characteristics of each patient treatment. It does not literally mean that a pharmaceutical company makes a drug for an individual patient for consumption and treatment but rather means the ability to stratify (or classify) individuals into sub-populations that differ in their responsiveness to a specific drug. A marker that provides information on the likely response to therapy, i.e., either in terms of tumor shrinkage or survival of the patient is termed "predictive biomarker". Despite their promise in precision medicine and the explosion of knowledge in this area, there is not a single source on this subject that puts all this evidence together in a concise or richly illustrated and easy to understand manner. This book provides a collection of ingeniously organized, well-illustrated and up-to-date authoritative chapters divided into five sections that are clear and easy to understand. Section one provides an overview of biomarkers, introduces the basic terminologies, definitions, technologies, tools and concepts associated with this subject in the form of illustrations/graphics, photographs and concise texts. Several recent biomarker endeavors that have been initiated and funded by the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, FDA and other International organizations are presented. Section two involves the signaling pathways controlling cell growth and differentiation altered in cancer. This section analyzes how predictive biomarkers are altered (expressed or amplified) across cancer types. Section three explores how predictive biomarkers play a role in patient stratification and tailored treatment in relationship to specific cancers. In addition, it includes discussion on the various precision medicine initiatives that are going on across the globe (e.g. TARGET, NCI-MATCH, BATTLE, SHIVA, etc.). Section four discusses: (a) how pharmaceutical companies validate predictive biomarker assays and accompanying companion diagnostics either internally or externally with partner companies such as central laboratories or clinical research organizations, and (b) how predictive biomarker tests fall under the oversight of US FDA, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and state laws. Section five wraps up novel agents and targets that are being used as targets for cancer therapeutics. The biomarkers associated with these protocols will also be presented. Throughout the book, sidebars, special interest boxes and illustrations are used to explain terms that are either newly introduced, uncommon, or specialized. Predictive Biomarkers in Oncology will serve as a definitive guide for practicing pathologists, oncologists, basic researchers, and personnel in the pharmaceutical or diagnostic industry interested in learning how "predictive biomarkers" are used in precision cancer therapy.

Besides surgery, radiation therapy, endocrine therapy or chemotherapy, which were widely used in cancer patients for decades, the 21st century has seen the emergence of "targeted" therapy, resulting from the identification of molecular pathways in cells and their alterations in tumors. An increasing number of compounds targeting specific molecules or cancer cells have been developed and, for some of them, approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as well as other regulators in EU and Japan Additional new and more efficient types of compounds, are still in clinical trials, but are expected to gain future approval. More than eighty FDA-approved targeted therapies are described here, along with about eighty other promising compounds. These drugs are members of various therapy classes, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors; serine/threonine kinase inhibitors; dual specificity kinase inhibitors; lipid kinase inhibitors; poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors; monoclonal antibodies; microtubule targeting agents; histone deacetylase inhibitors; proteasome inhibitors; antimetabolites; immunomodulatory agents; DNA methyltransferase inhibitors; hedgehog pathway inhibitors; enzymes; protein translation inhibitors; vaccines, oncolytic viruses; chimeric antigen receptor T-cells (CAR-T); and so on. A series of "companion" diagnostics intended to be used as an indication for specific therapies, and approved to this aim are also mentioned. The book aims to present the broad landscape of compounds and companion diagnostics that are expected to pave the way towards a future of hope for cancer patients.

Typically, manuals of pediatric hematology-oncology are written by specialists from high-income countries, and usually target an audience with a sub-specialist level of training, often assisted by cutting-edge diagnostic and treatment facilities. However, approximately 80% of new cases of cancer in children appear in mid- and low-income countries. Almost invariably, general practitioners or general pediatricians without special training in oncology will look after children with malignancies who enter the health care system in these countries. The diagnostic facilities are usually limited, as are the treatment options. The survival figures in these conditions are somewhere below 20%, while in high-income countries they are in the range of 80% for many childhood cancers. Pediatric Hematology-Oncology in Countries with Limited Resources is the only book of its kind to provide specific guidance applicable to limited resource settings and builds up from the foundation of general practitioner or general pediatrician competence. Written and edited by leaders in the field, this manual educates physicians on the essential components of the discipline, filtered through the experience of specialists from developing countries, with immediate applicability in the specific healthcare environment in these countries.

Interventional oncology has emerged as an important specialty within cancer care, providing targeted therapy and palliative benefits without the side effects of chemotherapy, surgery and radiation. Covering the principles of current and emerging interventional oncology techniques and detailed diagnosis, staging and treatment algorithms, this book outlines the ways in which these image-guided therapies can inform cancer management strategies. Access to the most current information is vital in this rapidly growing and evolving area of practice. This new edition reflects the most recent clinical data on interventional oncology procedures. Chapters on image guidance and targeting, tumor ablation, embolotherapy, and response assessment have been updated to reflect major technological advances, and new material on microwave ablation and irreversible electroporation has been added. This invaluable resource for interventional radiologists provides essential education and guidance on the full range of minimally invasive image-guided procedures and their integration into comprehensive cancer care.

When neurobiologist Elizabeth M. Adler was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma almost twenty years ago, she learned everything she could about the disease, both to cope with the emotional stress of her diagnosis and to make the best possible decisions for her treatment. In Living with Lymphoma, she combines her scientific expertise and personal knowledge with a desire to help other people who have lymphoma manage this complex and often baffling disease. With the availability of more effective treatment regimens, many people with lymphoma are living longer; in fact, there are more than 700,000 lymphoma survivors in the United States alone. Given this change in the lymphoma landscape, the second edition of this book places a greater emphasis on survivorship. The new edition includes the latest information on lymphoma diagnosis, treatment, and incidence and describes the most recent update to the WHO system of lymphoma classification and staging. Adler discusses new targeted therapies like ibrutinib and idelalisib and describes how other treatments, including radiation therapy and stem cell transplants, have been modified while others have been discontinued. She also addresses new developments, such as the possible role of lack of sunlight and vitamin D in the pathogenesis of lymphoma, and the use of medical marijuana. The book includes suggestions for further reading, including the latest material available online.

The first book on clinical guide to transplantation in lymphoma to present cutting edge knowledge on how to integrate, transplantation and novel therapies in patients with lymphoid malignancies * Provides practical management guidance on how to integrate, transplantation and novel therapies in patients with lymphoid malignancies * Covers an overview of transplantation in lymphoma, and management of the lymphoid malignancies * Discusses organizational aspects of transplant patients and managing a transplant program * Appendices provide practical quick-reference information on follow-up after autologous and allogenic stem cell transplantation in lymphoma

There's no other OCN Exam review resource like it! The Core Curriculum for Oncology Nursing, 5th Edition is the only review book for the OCN Examination developed in collaboration with Oncology Nursing Society (ONS). Based on the latest test blueprint for the OCN Exam, this book covers the entire scope of practice for oncology nursing - in an outline format that emphasizes important information and streamlines your review. Edited by Joanne Itano, a certified oncology nurse, The Core Curriculum is recognized as the definitive review tool for the OCN exam. Whether you're preparing for your initial OCN certification or getting recertified, you cannot do without this resource! Definitive preparation guide for the OCN Examination is developed in collaboration with, and endorsed by, the Oncology Nursing Society, the parent organization of the Oncology Nursing Certification Corporation (ONCC), which administers the OCN Examination. Coverage of the entire scope of oncology care includes quality of life, protective mechanisms, gastrointestinal and urinary function, cardiopulmonary function, oncologic emergencies, the scientific basis for practice, health promotion, and professional performance. Nearly 60 colorful illustrations and more than 150 summary tables explain complex concepts in oncology nursing, including up-to-date cancer staging information. Coverage of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions includes both traditional and alternative therapies. Outline format provides a quick-reference review that begins with theory and continues through the steps of the nursing process. NEW! Revised and updated content reflects the latest OCN Examination test blueprint. NEW! Updates on cancer treatment and related nursing care include the most current and accurate information, preparing you for exams and for clinical practice. NEW! Emphasis on QSEN competencies is designed to reduce errors in oncology nursing practice with a focus on safety and evidence-based practice, including a Safety Alert icon and a High-Alert Medications icon for cancer chemotherapy drugs. NEW! Coverage of application of the nursing process is streamlined to emphasize collaborative problems, goal setting, interventions, and evaluation.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in the UK and US and the second most common worldwide. The ABC of Prostate Cancer provides fully illustrated guidance on the treatment and management of prostate cancer. It covers the biology, anatomy, and pathology of prostate cancer, screening, and active surveillance and monitoring. It presents an assessment of treatment options including prostatectomy, bracytherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy, along with modern diagnostic tests and an overview of new approaches to prostate cancer. With an international author team, the ABC of Prostate Cancer is ideal for general practitioners, family physicians, specialist nurses, junior doctors, medical students and others working with prostate cancer patients and their families.

"ACSM's Guide to Exercise and Cancer Survivorship" presents the science behind the benefits of exercise for cancer survival and survivorship as well as the application of that science to the design or adaptation of exercise programs for cancer patients and survivors. Developed by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), this authoritative reference offers the most current information for health and fitness professionals working with survivors of many types of cancers.

Dr. Melinda L. Irwin has assembled a team of the most respected experts in the field of exercise and cancer survivorship. With an emphasis on practical application, the text discusses the following:

- Incidence and prevalence of the most common cancers

- Common cancer treatments and side effects

- Benefits of exercise after a diagnosis of cancer

- Exercise testing, prescription, and programming

- Nutrition and weight management

- Counseling for health behavior change

- Injury prevention

- Program administration

This guide presents evidence-based information to assist health, fitness, and medical professionals in using exercise to help cancer survivors with recovery, rehabilitation, and reducing the risk of recurrence. Throughout the text, readers will find quick-reference Take-Home Messages that highlight key information and how it can be applied in practice. Chapters also include reproducible forms and questionnaires to facilitate the implementation of an exercise program with a new client or patient, such as physician's permission forms, medical and cancer treatment history forms, weekly logs of exercise and energy levels, medication listings, and nutrition and goal-setting questionnaires.

In addition, "ACSM's Guide to Exercise and Cancer Survivorship" discusses all of the job task analysis points tested in the ACSM/ACS Certified Cancer Exercise Trainer (CET) exam, making this the most complete resource available for health and fitness professionals studying to attain CET certification. Each chapter begins with a list of the CET exam points discussed in that chapter. A complete listing is also included in the appendix. As both an essential preparation text for certification and a practical reference, "ACSM's Guide to Exercise and Cancer Survivorship" will increase health and fitness professionals' knowledge of the benefits of exercise after a cancer diagnosis as well as the specifics of developing and adapting exercise programs to meet the unique needs of cancer survivors.

Evidence has shown that physical activity has numerous health benefits for cancer patients and survivors. More clinicians and oncologists are recommending exercise as a strategy for reducing the side effects of treatment, speeding recovery, and improving overall quality of life. In turn, cancer survivors are seeking health and fitness professionals with knowledge and experience to help them learn how to exercise safely within their capabilities. With "ACSM's Guide to Exercise and Cancer Survivorship," health and fitness professionals can provide safe exercise programs to help cancer survivors improve their health, take proactive steps toward preventing recurrences, and enhance their quality of life.

The definitive state-of-the-art guide on laryngeal cancer treatment from world-renowned experts Ongoing advances in innovative technologies have improved the diagnosis and treatment of laryngeal cancer, resulting in more optimal oncologic and functional patient outcomes. Laryngeal Cancer: Clinical Case-Based Approaches, by distinguished head and neck surgeon Rogerio R. Dedivitis and internationally recognized coeditors, is a comprehensive reference that presents multiple options for similar lesions. Contributions from a diverse group of globally renowned subspecialists reflect the multidisciplinary treatment of laryngeal cancer. The book focuses on diverse primary subsites of laryngeal cancer; local, early-stage, and advanced disease stages; and current available treatment modalities for each type. Case study chapters include insightful discussion of several potential approaches, rationale for surgical decision making, radiographic findings, pearls, and pitfalls. Key Features Diverse approaches to glottic cancer including radiotherapy, transoral laser surgery, supracricoid laryngectomy (SCL), vertical laryngectomy, transoral laser microsurgery, chemoradiotherapy, and combined SCL and cricohyoidoepiglottopexy. Treatment modalities for supraglottic cancers such as transoral laser microsurgery, radiation therapy, and horizontal supraglottic laryngectomy. Salvage surgery, preservation protocol, and reconstructive flap techniques including pectoralis major myocutaneous flap, latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap, and antebrachial flap. High-quality images accompanying each case enhance clinical understanding of underlying pathologies and surgical approaches. Otolaryngologist-head and neck surgeons, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, pathologists, radiologists, speech pathologists, and all clinicians who treat laryngeal disorders will benefit from this highly informative resource. This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.

In this book, a group of internationally distinguished lymphoma experts provide a comprehensive review of the most important advances in the biology, diagnosis, and therapy of T cell and NK cell malignancies. In particular, it demonstrates in detail how advances in our understanding of the tumor microenvironment and molecular biology have helped to elucidate the pathogenesis of these lymphomas, improve diagnostic and prognostic accuracy, and develop novel therapies that promise improved patient outcomes. Individual chapters are devoted to particular tumor types and subtypes, and all aspects of transplantation for patients with T cell and NK cell lymphomas are discussed. As such, the book offers a valuable resource for hematologists, oncologists, hematopathologists, and all those seeking an up-to-date overview of how new, targeted therapies are delivering better disease control and improved quality of life.

This book examines the latest indications and techniques for various endoscopic and surgical colorectal cancer treatments, discussing not only on the standard lymph node dissection technique, but also on laparoscopic and robotic surgery. It particularly focuses on the treatment of rectal cancer, with chapters on radiation therapy and sphincter preservation, which is analyzed from Asian perspectives that differ from those of Western treatment. Further, it presents the results of combining chemotherapy and oral drugs, as well as the treatment of hereditary cancer using next-generation sequencing for genetic diagnosis. Edited by surgeons who have pioneered the research and treatment of colorectal cancer, Recent Advances in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer presents extensive information for clinicians such as endoscopic surgeons, colorectal surgeons, as well as oncologists and researchers specializing in this field. Providing a foundation for new ideas, it enables advanced surgeons to further develop their skills and offers thought-provoking, instructive and informative reading for residents, students and medical staff.

This third edition is the product of the author's 25 years of experience with flow cytometry; although it covers the wide spectrum of hematopoietic tumors, the focus remains on most important clinical diagnoses, such as acute promyelocytic leukemia, identification of blasts, identification of clonal B-cell population, differentiating mature versus immature T-cell proliferations, deferential diagnosis between hematogones and B-ALL or distinction between chronic and acute monocytic proliferations. All hematopathologists and neoplastic hematologists will find this an important resource for keeping up to date with developments in clinical practice.

This is the second edition of a well-received book reflecting the state of the art in oncologic imaging research and promoting mutual understanding and collaboration between radiologists and clinical oncologists. It presents all currently available imaging modalities and covers a broad spectrum of oncologic diseases for most organ systems. Today, oncologic imaging faces the challenge of improving and refining concepts for precise tumor delineation and biologic/functional tumor characterization, as well as for purposes of creating individual treatment plans. The concept of radiomics has further advanced the conversion of images into mineable data and subsequent analysis of said data for decision-making support. Since the release of the book's first edition, radiomics has been introduced in oncology studies and can be performed with tomographic images from CT, MRI and PET/CT studies. The combination of radiomic data with genomic features is known as radiogenomics, and can potentially offer additional decision-making support. This book will be of interest to clinical oncologists with regard to the diagnosis, staging, treatment and follow-up on various tumors affecting the CNS, chest, abdomen, urogenital and musculoskeletal systems.

Recent global cancer statistical data has clearly indicated that prostate cancer is currently the second most frequently diagnosed cancer (at 15% of all male cancers) and globally the sixth leading cause of cancer death in males. This book is a summary of prostate cancer, covering its incidence, epidemiology, and current treatment options. It also serves as an up-to-date review of the status of currently available alternative and complementary medicines for treating prostate cancer, including various plant extracts, herbal formulations, natural products, yoga, acupuncture, Ayurveda, homeopathy, and Siddha medicines used in prostate cancer therapy.

This book provides a concise overview of the state of the art in the biology and treatment of plasma cell malignancies, a heterogeneous group of diseases primarily characterized by the presence of clonal plasma cells within the bone marrow or extramedullary sites. The plasma cell dyscrasias investigated include monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), multiple myeloma, plasmacytoma, immunoglobulin deposition diseases (primary amyloidosis and systemic light and heavy chain deposition diseases), and Waldenstroem's macroglobulinemia. In the case of multiple myeloma, the coverage ranges from genomic aberrations and microRNAs to treatment for different patient groups, upcoming novel therapies, immunotherapy, and transplantation. The book reflects the significant research advances achieved in this field during the past few years, which have enhanced our understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the pathogenesis of plasma cell dyscrasias.

This practical atlas describes the use of dermoscopy in the clinic, a technique that is increasingly used by the clinical dermatologist. It revolves around the use of clinical cases, simulating what happens in the clinic when the dermatologist is presented with a patient who has pigmented lesions. Dermatologists perform diagnoses based on what they see on the skin and with these images recognize different diseases. This whole spectrum of forms and shapes is reflected in colour. Dermoscopy opens a new and very wide field of structures and colors that can not be seen with the naked eye and, with appropriate training and the use of this book, improves our clinical diagnosis. Comprehensive Atlas of Dermatoscopy Cases teaches the technique through specially selected clinical cases that cover the entire field of dermoscopy, providing the reader a thorough understanding of the techniques and methodologies associated with diagnosis using dermatoscopy. It is of great use to the trainee dermatologist and any practicing dermatologist seeking to expand their skills with this important diagnostic tool.

Electron microscopy made possible the observation of the cellular/subcellular behaviour of tumour cells in metastasis. The marked progress in molecular biology has enabled the identification of the molecules involved in metastasis. Cellular diversity of metastatic tumour cells and host cells is extremely important not only in understanding the irregular metastatic behaviour of malignant tumour cells but also in elucidating why such populations may display different responses to therapy. There have been advances in research showing that clinical cancer metastasis will eventually be conquered, at least in part. This is evident from the fact that pathologists are now able to report the primary site of a metastatic tumour to clinicians. Hopefully, this book will enlighten people in the medical and research field regarding new research in cancer and the interested reader as well.