Bridging the gap between research and clinical application, Biosensors and Molecular Technologies for Cancer Diagnostics explores the use of biosensors as effective alternatives to the current standard methods in cancer diagnosis and detection. It describes the major aspects involved in detecting and diagnosing cancer as well as the basic elements of biosensors and their applications in detection and diagnostics. The book addresses cancer molecular diagnostics, including genomic and proteomic approaches, from the perspective of biosensors and biodetection. It explains how to measure and understand molecular markers using biosensors and discusses the medical advantages of rapid and accurate cancer diagnostics. It also describes optical, electrochemical, and optomechanical biosensor technologies, with a focus on cancer analysis and the clinical utility of these technologies for cancer detection, diagnostics, prognostics, and treatment. Making biosensor technology more accessible to molecular biologists, oncologists, pathologists, and engineers, this volume advances the integration of this technology into mainstream clinical practice. Through its in-depth coverage of a range of biosensors, the book shows how they can play instrumental roles in the early molecular diagnosis of cancer.

Having trained in Edinburgh as a surgeon and served aboard Royal Navy vessels, Sir James Clark (1788 1870) developed a particular interest in the spread of the tuberculosis pandemic in Europe. A licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians from 1826, and elected to the Royal Society in 1832, he became a trusted physician and friend to Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. This influential work of 1835 focuses on the treatment and prevention of tuberculosis. Written for a general as well as medical readership, it was lauded by The Lancet and ran to several English editions along with translations into other languages. Also reissued in this series are Clark's Medical Notes on Climate, Diseases, Hospitals, and Medical Schools in France, Italy, and Switzerland (1820), The Influence of Climate in the Prevention and Cure of Chronic Diseases (1829) and his Memoir of John Conolly (1869).

Clinical and preclinical exploration of gene and cellular immunotherapy have seen rapid growth and interest with the development and approval of five Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) products for lymphoma and myeloma and one Bispecific T-Cell Engager (BiTE) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). These advances have dramatically improved the management of patients with relapsed refractory lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia. Gene and Cellular Immunotherapy for Cancer offers readers a comprehensive review of current cellular and gene-based immunotherapies. Divided into eighteen cohesive chapters, this book provides an in-depth and detailed look into cellular-based immunotherapies including CAR-T, TCR-T, TIL, Viral CTLs, NK cells in addition to T/NK cell engagers, focusing on their historical perspectives, biology, development and manufacturing, toxicities and more. Edited by two leading experts on gene and cellular immunotherapy, the book will feature chapters written by a diverse collection of recognized and up-and-coming experts and researchers in the field, providing oncologists, immunologists, researchers and clinical and basic science trainees with a bench to bedside view of the latest developments in the field.

This book is the second in a series presenting articles that received the most citations in recent years in nanomedicine. The series is edited by, a prominent nanotechnology researcher and editor-in-chief of Precision Nanomedicine. The theme of the second volume is about nano-enabled medical applications. The 19 articles collected here have already acquired more than 12,500 citations highlighting the importance and professional recognition of the work of these scientists in nanomedicine. The content includes the general overview of the field and a wide variety of applications that have been impossible without nanoscience and nanotechnology.

Autophagy: Cancer, Other Pathologies, Inflammation, Immunity, Infection, and Aging: Volume 9: Human Diseases and Autophagosome offers a valuable guide to both cellular processes while helping researchers explore their potentially important connections. Volume 9 emphasizes the role of autophagy in diseases, such as leukemia, antifungal and antibacterial immunity, and transplantation. This volume also explains, in detail, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the formation of autophagosomes, including the progression of omegasomes to autophagosomes. This information is important because one of the major functions of autophagy is to degrade and eliminate excessive, old, and harmful materials from the cell. Autophagosomes receive these materials (cellular cargo) and transport them to lysosomes for degradation. Lysosomes contain the digestive enzymes (hydrolases) that breakdown proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, etc. (self-digestion). To further explain this phenomenon, the role of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in the formation of autophagosomes is discussed. ULK1 and Beclin 1 proteins are also important in the initial formation of autophagosomes, and are also discussed. Because much of the early research in this area was carried out using yeast cells, the role of Golgi complex in the autophagosome formation in these cells is explained. This volume also includes an explanation of the role of the autophagy-related gene ATG5 in cancer (e.g., gastrointestinal cancer). Paradoxically, autophagy is a "double-edged sword" because it eliminates some pathogens, whereas it can be used by some intracellular pathogens to multiply and cause infection. This book is an asset to newcomers, providing a concise overview of the role of autophagy in necrosis and inflammation, while also serving as an excellent reference for more experienced scientists and clinicians.

Advances in Cancer Research provides invaluable information on the exciting and fast-moving field of cancer research, presenting outstanding and original reviews on a variety of topics.

Understanding the importance and necessity of the role of autophagy in health and disease is vital for the studies of cancer, aging, neurodegeneration, immunology, and infectious diseases. Comprehensive and forward-thinking, these books offer a valuable guide to both cellular processes while inciting researchers to explore their potentially important connections. Volume 8 Autophagy and Human Diseases, concentrates on the role of Autophagy in human diseases, including tumorigenesis. The diseases discussed include melanoma, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders. Loss of autophagy in the central nervous system causes neurodegeneration (Alzheimers disease, Huntington's disease, Parkin's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis). Melanoma is one of the most serious diseases in humans. Autophagy plays a key role in the anticancer response to Chemotherapy. However, autophagy can increase or decrease the effectiveness of chemotherapy. The reasons for these contradictory effects are explained. Autophagy also plays a role in idiopathic inflammatory diseases, infection, and immunity. An explanation is given how autophagy is closely linked to control of innate and adaptive immune responses in host defense in part by regulating cytokine production. The role of autophagy in cutaneous malignant melanoma is discussed in detail and expression of Beclin 1 and LC3 autophagic genes in melanoma is included to explain the molecular mechanisms underlying this very serious disease, which tends to metastasize to the brain. The effect of the treatment of this disease using Terfenadine through the induction of autophagy and apoptosis is also included. Autophagy and apoptosis are two main mechanisms involved in programmed cell death. Considering that autophagy is associated with numerous biological processes including cellular development and differentiation, cancer (both antitumor and protumor functions), immunity, infectious diseases, inflammation, maintenance of homeostasis, response to cellular stress, and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion diseases, there is a great need to understanding its role. Cell homeostasis is achieved by balancing biosynthesis and cellular turnover. In spite of the increasing importance of autophagy in various pathophysiological situations (conditions) mentioned above, this process remains underestimated and overlooked. As a consequence, its role in the initiation, stability, maintenance, and progression of these and other diseases (e.g., autoimmune disease) remains poorly understood. Volumes in the Series Volume 1: Molecular Mechanisms. Elucidates autophagy's association with numerous biological processes, including cellular development and differentiation, cancer, immunity, infectious diseases, inflammation, maintenance of homeostasis, response to cellular stress, and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion diseases. Volume 2: Role in General Diseases. Describes the various aspects of the complex process of autophagy in a myriad of devastating human diseases, expanding from a discussion of essential autophagic functions into the role of autophagy in proteins, pathogens, immunity, and general diseases. Volume 3: Role in Specific Diseases. Explores the role of autophagy in specific diseases and developments, including: Crohn's Disease, Gaucher Disease, Huntington's Disease, HCV infection, osteoarthritis, and liver injury, with a full section devoted to in-depth exploration of autophagy in tumor development and cancer, as well as the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. Volume 4: Mitophagy. Presents detailed information on the role of mitophagy, the selective autophagy of mitochondria, in health and disease, by delivering an in-depth treatment of the molecular mechanisms involved in mitophagy initiation and execution, as well as the role of mitophagy in Parkinson Disease, cardiac aging, and skeletal muscle atrophy. Volume 5: Role in Human Diseases. Comprehensively describes the role of autophagy in human diseases, delivering coverage of the antitumor and protumor roles of autophagy; the therapeutic inhibition of autophagy in cancer; and the duality of autophagy's effects in various cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative disorders. Volume 6: Regulation of Autophagy and Selective Autophagy. Provides coverage of the mechanisms of regulation of autophagy; intracellular pathogen use of the autophagy mechanism; the role of autophagy in host immunity; and selective autophagy. Volume 7: Role of Autophagy in Therapeutic Applications. Provides coverage of the latest developments in autophagosome biogenesis and regulation; the role of autophagy in protein quality control; the role of autophagy in apoptosis; autophagy in the cardiovascular system; and the relationships between autophagy and lifestyle. Volume 8: Autophagy and Human Diseases. Reviews recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms underlying a large number of genetic and epigenetic diseases and abnormalities, and introduces new, more effective therapeutic strategies, in the development of targeted drugs and programmed cell death, providing information that will aid on preventing detrimental inflammation. Volume 9: Human Diseases and Autophagosome. Emphasizes the role of Autophagy in necrosis and inflammation, explaining in detail the molecular mechanism(s) underlying the formation of autophagosomes, including the progression of Omegasomes to autophagosomes.

Volume 37 will provide details on the major chemical constituents of medicinal plants and their mechanism of action as the anticancer compounds. This special issue, in addition to the previous volume (volume 36 of The Enzyme series was on Natural Products and Cancer Signaling Targets: Isoprenoids, Polyphenols and Flavonoids), will highlight the significant advance made in the field in elucidating mechanisms of anticancer effect of the major phytochemicals.

Immunotherapy of Cancer provides information on cancer research related to inflammation and immunity, containing outstanding reviews by experts in the field. It is suitable for researchers and students who have an interest in cancer immunobiology.

Cytochrome P450 Function and Pharmacological Roles in Inflammation and Cancer, the latest volume in the Advances in Pharmacology series, presents not only the function of cytochrome P450 but also its pharmacological roles in inflammation and cancer.

Modern Oncology, first published in 2001, offers a concise and accessible guide to the key terms in oncology, defining essential terminology and important concepts in a didactic and highly readable style for a wide audience. Extensive use is made throughout of cross-referencing, to aid rapid access to topics of interest and the broad coverage includes such subjects as physics, radiation biology, clinical pharmacology, statistics and clinical epidemiology, tumour biology and molecular biology. Wherever possible, clinically relevant examples and real-world data are included to help the trainee or busy clinician to quickly place their findings in a broad clinical context. The book will be an essential tool to any healthcare professional with a need to understand oncology when seeing patients, reading medical reports or interpreting scientific papers.

Advances in Cancer Research provides invaluable information on the exciting and fast-moving field of cancer research. Here, once again, outstanding and original reviews are presented on a variety of topics, including taxane-anti-androgens cross-resistance in advanced prostate cancer and proteasome inhibitors in the treatment of multiple myeloma.

In this issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics, guest editors Drs. Matthew B. Yurgelun and Douglas A. Rubinson bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Pancreatic Cancer. Top experts in the field cover key topics such as pancreatic adenocarcinoma: trends in epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes; decision making regarding perioperative therapy in individuals with localized pancreatic adenocarcinoma; the evolving role of radiotherapy in the management of individuals with pancreatic adenocarcinoma; and more. Contains 14 relevant, practice-oriented topics including diabetes, cachexia, sarcopenia, and metabolic factors in individuals with pancreatic adenocarcinoma; PARP inhibitors and other novel therapeutics in pancreatic adenocarcinoma; screening and surveillance for pancreatic adenocarcinoma in high-risk individuals; germline testing for individuals with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and novel genetic risk factors; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on pancreatic cancer, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

One in two of us will develop cancer at some point in our lives and yet many of us don't understand how cancers arise. How many different kinds of cancer are there? What treatments are available? What does the future hold in terms of developing new therapies? This book demystifies cancer by explaining the underlying cell and molecular biology in a clear and accessible style. It answers the questions commonly asked about cancer such as what causes cancer and how cancer develops. It explains how DNA makes proteins and how mutations can corrupt those proteins. It also gives an overview of current therapies and how treatments may advance over the next decades, as well as explaining what actions we can take to help prevent cancer developing. Understanding Cancer is an accessible and engaging introduction to cancer biology for any interested reader.

In this issue of PET Clinics, guest editors Drs. Harshad R. Kulkarni and Abass Alavi bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Prostate Cancer. PET imaging for prostate cancer continues to evolve as new radiotracers and imaging modalities are combined. This issue offers an up-to-date review of the most popular radiotracers and how PET imaging is combined with MR, CT, and ultrasound to provide the most accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer. Contains 12 practice-oriented topics including the role of ultrasound, CT, and MRI in managing patients with prostate cancer; Ga68 PSMA imaging; PET imaging for prostate cancer using F-18 Fluciclovine; PET imaging for prostate cancer using Ga-68 RM2; the role of NaF PET in the imaging of prostate cancer; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on prostate cancer, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

Advances in Cancer Research provides invaluable information on the exciting and fast-moving field of cancer research. Here, once again, outstanding and original reviews are presented on a variety of topics.

This superbly illustrated book is the most comprehensive available guide to adnexal neoplasms of the skin. More than 70 entities are described in individual chapters that follow a uniform structure: historical review, clinical features, histopathology, histogenesis, immunohistochemistry, molecular anomalies, and treatment. Readers will find state of the art knowledge on all aspects, including the cytogenetic and chromosomal abnormalities associated with each neoplasm. Without exception, the illustrations are high-quality, full-color, original digital pictures. The histopathology images are taken from perfectly cut and stained sections and the immunohistochemistry illustrations are of an unrivalled quality among textbooks of dermatology and dermatopathology. A complete list of references from original description to the present day is also supplied for each neoplasm. Cutaneous adnexal neoplasms are a large and heterogeneous group of benign and malignant lesions. This book will assist the reader in early and correct recognition, which is essential for appropriate choice of treatment and prognostic assessment.

Molecular Biomarkers in Cancer Detection and Monitoring of Therapeutics, Volume One, Discovery and Technologies discusses how molecular biomarkers are used to determine predisposition, facilitate detection, improve treatment and offer prevention guidelines for different cancer types. This first volume in the series focuses on techniques and approaches recently developed to assist in the decision of which biomarker to use for specific conditions. Topics covered include circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA, exomes, tumor microenvironment, gene editing, artificial intelligence and robotics. In addition, the book discusses the development and applications of organoids and precision medicine. This book will be a valuable resource for cancer researchers, oncologists, graduate students and members of the biomedical field who are interested in the potential of biomarkers in cancer research.

Significantly expanded, expertly and beautifully illustrated, The AJCC Cancer Staging Atlas, 2nd Edition, offers more than 600 illustrations created exclusively for this new edition and is fully updated to reflect the concepts discussed in the 7th Edition of both the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual and its companion Handbook. This Atlas illustrates the TNM classifications of all cancer sites and types included in the 7th Edition of the Manual and visually conceptualizes the TNM classifications and stage groupings. Specifically designed for simplicity and precision, the drawings have been verified through multi-disciplinary review to ensure accuracy and relevancy for clinical use. Every illustration provides detailed anatomic depictions to clarify critical structures and to allow the reader to instantly visualize the progressive extent of malignant disease. In addition, nodal maps are included for each site, appropriate labeling has been incorporated to identify significant anatomic structures, and each illustration is accompanied by an explanatory legend. The AJCC Cancer Staging Atlas, 2nd Edition, is an official publication of the American Joint Committee on Cancer, the recognized international leader in state-of-the-art information on cancer staging. This Atlas has been created as a companion to the updated 7th Edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, which continues to disseminate the importance of anatomical and pathological staging in the management of cancer. This state-of-the-art, invaluable 2nd Edition includes a CD containing PowerPoint slides of all illustrations, additional color, and a user-friendly, easy-to-read layout. The AJCC Cancer Staging Atlas, 2nd Edition will serve as an indispensable reference for clinicians, registrars, students, trainees, and patients.

Gynaecological cancers are categorised as 'rare' diseases, although collectively they affect over 16,000 women each year in the UK alone. There is a lack of real understanding of these conditions compared with other malignancies, possibly owing to their relative rarity when viewed as individual diseases. The 60th RCOG Study Group brought together a range of experts to examine as many biological aspects of gynaecological cancers as possible, including both surgical and non-surgical therapies. This book presents the findings of the Study Group, with contents including: current understanding of the biology of gynaecological cancers translation of biology to the clinic state of the art in imaging and therapy current clinical trials advances in multimodal therapy individualised treatment."

In this issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics, guest editors Drs. Sung-Yun Pai and Nirali N. Shah bring their considerable expertise to the topic of Gene-Based Therapies for Pediatric Blood Diseases. Top experts in the field cover key topics such as CAR T-cell therapy: current status; engineered T cells; NK-cell therapy; hemoglobinopathies: beta-thalassemia, sickle cell disease; hemophilia A/B; primary immunodeficiencies; and more. Contains 14 relevant, practice-oriented topics including the evolution of gene therapy; viral vectors in hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy; gene editing in hematopoietic stem cells; nonintegrating vectors and engineered capsids; regulatory aspects of gene therapy; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on gene-based therapies for pediatric blood diseases, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, many of which have been identified as potent human carcinogens, occur widely in the environment as a result of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and other organic matter. Major sources of emissions arise from wood and coal burning, automobiles, heat and power plants, and refuse burning. Their widespread occurrence in the air and in food and water underlines the importance of understanding their role as causes of human cancer. This 1991 volume was the first to review the chemical properties of these carcinogens and to relate their carcinogenic activity to their metabolic by-products within the body. The emphasis throughout is on those recent findings, newer methods and techniques which helped to illuminate the process of carcinogenesis. The volume is suitable for anyone with a professional interest in the chemistry and metabolism of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, environmental chemistry and chemical carcinogenesis.

Screening is regarded as a cost-effective and clinically useful approach for the early diagnosis of several malignancies, especially such common cancers as those of the breast and the cervix. This 1991 is a publication from the Project on evaluation of Screening for Cancer, organized by the International Union Against Cancer (UICC), one of the world's foremost agencies in the field of cancer epidemiology and control. It contains recommendations from the international authorities on cancers for which screening is used. Findings from studies in many countries are presented and evaluated, and methodological issues are also discussed. This is an influential and authoritative statement on the scope of cancer screening. It will be of interest to oncologists, epidemiologists and others in the public health field.

Originally published in 1993, this volume describes a complementary selection of tests to those described in the companion volume Basic Mutagenicity Tests (Cambridge University Press, 1990). These supplementary tests were used to assess risks of in vitro mutagenicity in those instances where the basic tests were inconclusive. As such, these tests had an important role in the assessment of the safety of compounds, drugs and chemicals. These supplementary test and guidelines, originally drawn up by the United Kingdom Environmental Mutagen Society (UKEMS) were fully revised in this publication to take full account of different regulatory guidelines and scientific advances. This volume will be of value to anyone with aninterest in regulatory affairs, mutagenicity testing and the registration of chemical products in the UK and Europe.

Originally published in 1992, this volume looks in depth at the carcinogenic properties of N-nitroso compounds. These compounds occur widely in smoked foods and in meat and fish cured with nitrates; they are also formed in some industrial processes and in addition are found in cosmetics, tobacco and tobacco smoke. By focusing on the chemical and biological properties, the volume attempts to explain how these compounds exert their carcinogenic potential and, furthermore, goes on to explain how apparently harmless precursors such as nitrates and amines are transformed to produce carcinogens.