Contents:
Chapter 1. Introduction. The Nature of Development Control. Forms of Control. Actors in the Process. The Themes of the Book. Chapter 2: The Origins of Development Control. Medieval Controls. The Development of Markets in Land and the Necessity of Landlord Control. The Extension of Public Controls. Leasehold Agreements and their Efforts. The Privatization of Public Control. The Administration of Control in the 17th and 18th Centuries. Chapter 3: The Failure of Leasehold Control and the Rise of Public Intervention. The Failure of the Leasehold System. Leasehold Reform. By-Law Control and the Extension of Public Control. The Weakness of By-Law Regulation. Chapter 4: Development Control in the Early Planning System. The 1909 Act: Control in the First Planning Schemes. Compensation and Betterment. The Maturing of the System in the 1920s. Circular 1305. Control Over Land-Use. The 1932 Act and Interim Development Control. Discretionary Power. Chapter 5: The 1947 Act: Universal Control of Development. The Purpose of Development Control in the 1947 act. The Nationalization of Development Rights. Compensation and Betterment. Development Control in the 1950s and 1960s. The Reform of the Development Plans System. The 1967 Management Study of Development Control. Chapter 6: The Call for Reforms: Development Control in the 1970s. Property Speculation 1970-73 and its Impact on Development Control. The Dobry Report. The 8th Report of the Expenditure Committee. Chapter 7: Development Control Under the Conservatives. Planning Control and Deregulation. Limiting Local Authority Power. Development Control in the Service of Economic Development. Local and National Policy: Plans v. Government Circulars. Planning Gain. Design Control. Development in the Green Belt. Chapter 8: Development Control in the 1990s: a Plan-Led System? The Planning and Compensation Acts and its Effects. Planning Obligations. The Role of Plans in Development Control. Chapter 9: Conclusion: The Future of Development Control. The Strengths and Weaknesses of British Development Control. Future Directions.

'Conservation in the 21st century needs to be different and this book is a good indicator of why' Bulletin of British Ecological Society. Against Extinction tells the history of wildlife conservation from its roots in the 19th century, through the foundation of the Society for the Preservation of the Wild Fauna of the Empire in London in 1903 to the huge and diverse international movement of the present day. It vividly portrays conservation's legacy of big game hunting, the battles for the establishment of national parks, the global importance of species conservation and debates over the sustainable use of and trade in wildlife. Bill Adams addresses the big questions and ideas that have driven conservation for the last 100 years: How can the diversity of life be maintained as human demands on the Earth expand seemingly without limit? How can preservation be reconciled with human rights and the development needs of the poor? Is conservation something that can be imposed by a knowledgeable elite, or is it something that should emerge naturally from people's free choices? These have never been easy questions, and they are as important in the 21st century as at any time in the past. The author takes us on a lively historical journey in search of the answers.

This book offers glimpses into the personal and scholarly lives of 20 giants in the history of psychology. As in the earlier volumes, prominent scholars were invited to prepare chapters on a pioneer who had made important contributions in their own area of expertise. Some of the psychologists described may be the teachers of the instructors who will be the users of this book, potentially providing a personal connection of the pioneers to the students. A special section provides brief portraits of the editors and authors, containing interesting information about the relationship between the pioneers and the psychologists who describe them.
Utilizing an informal, personal, sometimes humorous, style of writing, the book will appeal to students and instructors interested in the history of psychology. Each of the five volumes in this series contains different profiles thereby bringing more than 100 of the pioneers in psychology more vividly to life.

Although she held an important position of educational leadership for eighteen years, Sarah Raymond Fitzwilliam's story has been largely overlooked. This historical biography of Fitzwilliam examines her abolitionist roots growing up on a stop of the Underground Railroad, her training at a "normal school," her tenure as a teacher, principal and the nation's first city school superintendent (Bloomington, Illinois 1874-1892). In the process, Noraian also chronicles American society during the Gilded and Progressive ages.

"One of America's most courageous young journalists" and the author of the #1 New York Times bestselling memoir Brain on Fire investigates the shocking mystery behind the dramatic experiment that revolutionized modern medicine (NPR). Doctors have struggled for centuries to define insanity--how do you diagnose it, how do you treat it, how do you even know what it is? In search of an answer, in the 1970s a Stanford psychologist named David Rosenhan and seven other people--sane, healthy, well-adjusted members of society--went undercover into asylums around America to test the legitimacy of psychiatry's labels. Forced to remain inside until they'd "proven" themselves sane, all eight emerged with alarming diagnoses and even more troubling stories of their treatment. Rosenhan's watershed study broke open the field of psychiatry, closing down institutions and changing mental health diagnosis forever. But, as Cahalan's explosive new research shows in this real-life detective story, very little in this saga is exactly as it seems. What really happened behind those closed asylum doors?

Decades after the rise of rock music in the 1950s, the rock concert retains its allure and its power as a unifying experience - and as an influential multi-billion-dollar industry. In Rock Concert, acclaimed interviewer Marc Myers sets out to uncover the history of this compelling phenomenon, weaving together ground-breaking accounts from the people who were there. Myers combines the tales of icons like Joan Baez, Ian Anderson, Alice Cooper, Steve Miller, Roger Waters and Angus Young with figures such as the disc jockeys who first began playing rock on the radio; the audio engineers that developed new technologies to accommodate ever-growing rock audiences; music journalists, like Rolling Stone's Cameron Crowe; and the promoters who organized it all, like Michael Lang, co-founder of Woodstock, to create a rounded and vivid account of live rock's stratospheric rise. Rock Concert provides a fascinating, immediate look at the evolution of rock 'n' roll through the lens of live performances, spanning the rise of R&B in the 1950s, through the hippie gatherings of the '60s, to the growing arena tours of the '70s and '80s. Elvis Presley's gyrating hips, the British Invasion that brought the Beatles in the '60s, the Grateful Dead's free flowing jams and Pink Floyd's The Wall are just a few of the defining musical acts that drive this rich narrative. Featuring dozens of key players in the history of rock and filled with colourful anecdotes, Rock Concert will speak to anyone who has experienced the transcendence of live rock.

First published in 2003. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

In the period between the outbreak of World War II in 1939 and the enactment of university apartheid by the Nationalist Government in 1959, the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg (Wits) developed as an ‘open university’, admitting students of all races. This, the second volume of the history of Wits by historian Bruce Murray, has as its central theme the process by which Wits became ‘open’, the compromises this process entailed, and the defence the University mounted to preserve its ‘open’ status in the face of the challenges posed by the Nationalist Government.

The University’s institutional autonomy is highlighted by Yunus Ballim in his preface to the centenary edition of WITS: The ‘Open’ Years. He writes: ‘The emerging posture of a university willing to rise in defence of academic freedom was important because this was to become infused into the institutional culture of Wits.’

The book looks at the University’s role in South Africa’s war effort, its contribution to the education of ex-volunteers after the war, its leading role in training job-seeking professionals required by a rapidly expanding economy, and the rise of research and postgraduate study. Students feature prominently through their political activities, the flourishing of a student intelligentsia, the heyday of the Remember and Give (Rag) parade, rugby intervarsity, and the stunning success of Wits sportsmen and women. Wits: The ‘Open’ Years paints a vivid picture of the range of personalities who enlivened the campus – among them some well-known figures in the new South Africa.

The book includes chapters by Alf Stadler, who was Professor of Political Studies at Wits and the author of The Political Economy of Modern South Africa, and Jonty Winch, former Sports Officer at Wits and the author of Wits Sport.

The Routledge History of Philosophy series provides a chronological survey of the history of Western Philosophy fro its beginnings in the sixth century BC to the present time. It discusses all the major philosophical developments in depth, and covers all those regarded as great philosophers and many lesser figures of philosophypast and present. We are pleased to announce all 10 volumes are now available in paperback for the first time.

Are American sports in jeopardy? Maybe so, unless greed can be controlled, the author of this unique book about sports in the United States concludes. In drawing this conclusion, Glenn Ferguson has explored media impact, education, relevant history, rules, discrimination, and even team nicknames before proceeding in depth with the specific fascination and blemishes of the major sports--baseball, football, basketball and track--with emphasis on college and professional levels. For the minor sports, tennis, ice hockey, swimming, golf and soccer are examined. Coverage of modern summer and winter Olympics stresses lifestyle, monetary awards, television, and foreign perceptions of the United States. Not wanting to overlook anything, the author devotes a final chapter to the avocations of hunting and lawn care. GLENN FERGUSON served as President of four universities (Long Island, Clark, Connecticut, and the American University of Paris); Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty in Munich; Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, and President and founder of Equity for Africa. He was an Associate Director of the Peace Corps in Washington, and the first Director in Thailand. He was also the first Director of Volunteers in Service to America (VISTA); American Ambassador to Kenya (Arthur Flemming Award); and a management consultant with McKinsey & Company. As an Air Force Psychological Warfare Officer, he served in Korea and the Philippines. Since his retirement, Ambassador Ferguson, and his wife Patti, have resided in Santa Fe, New Mexico where he has written five books relating to travel, religion, essays, aphorism and sports. He received two degrees from Cornell University and a law degree from the University of Pittsburgh.

"Educational Psychology: A Century of Contributions"--the first comprehensive book-length treatment of this topic--looks at the historic contributions of 16 leading psychologists, as well as others, who influenced the field of educational psychology from its philosophical moorings in the late 19th century to its current scientific status at the dawn of the 21st. It presents information regarding these individuals' ideas and scientific discoveries, along with a sense of the historical context in which they lived.
The book is divided into three sections that correspond to three eras in the history of the discipline:
*the founding period (1880s to 1920);
*the rise to prominence period (1920 to1960); and
*the modern period (1960 to the present).
Each section begins with an overview chapter describing the period in terms of key social, political, and historical events affecting educational theory, research, and practice. In addition, the overview chapters discuss major theoretical, methodological, and instructional contributions of the period and how they changed the course of educational psychology.
The biographical chapters describe the scholar's major contribution in terms of theory, research, and practice and his or her legacy and impact. These descriptions portray these individuals as real human beings responding to historical events and social influences of their time in personal and collective ways that changed the nature and direction of the field.
"Educational Psychology: A Century of Contributions" is a cohesive collection appropriate for graduate and advanced undergraduate students in educational psychology.

Hard Rock is the best of British rock climbing. Featuring over fifty crags and sixty-nine routes in England, Scotland and Wales, it epitomises all that is great about traditional climbing in Great Britain. Ken Wilson's first edition of Hard Rock was published in 1974 and quickly established itself as the definitive representation of British rock climbing. Ken's vision for the book's format - part guidebook, part literary celebration and part coffee table visual showcase - is one that has been much copied but never equalled. In this new edition, editor Ian Parnell has ensured Hard Rock continues to honour Ken's original concept, in particular keeping the route, not the climber, centre stage. While the activity of climbing has undergone myriad changes since 1974 - sticky rubber, camming devices, and the rise of sport climbing and indoor climbing walls - many climbers are still drawn to the drama and challenge of traditionally protected climbing. And this is why Hard Rock is still as relevant now as it was in 1974. Stretching across the Scottish Highlands and Islands, the Lake District, the Pennines and the Peak District, North and South Wales and down to South-West England, the routes tackle big mountain walls, gritstone outcrops and epic sea cliff adventures. Focusing on the trad connoisseur's grade range of VS to E2, with additional routes at E3 and E4, the featured climbs are within reach of a majority of climbers. Timeless classics include The Bat on Ben Nevis, the Old Man of Hoy, the Central Buttress of Scafell, Cenotaph Corner on Dinas Cromlech in the Llanberis Pass, Vector at Tremadog, Right Unconquerable at Stanage Edge and Suicide Wall at Bosigran on the Cornish coast. Alongside many of the original essays, written by a formidable cast of climbers including Pete Crew, Ed Drummond, Royal Robbins, Chris Bonington, Hamish MacInnes and Al Alvarez, this new edition features thirteen new routes and pieces by Eleanor Fuller, Stephen Reid, Kevin Howett, David Pickford, Paul Harrison, John Lawrence Holden, Martin Moran, Paul Donnithorne and Emma Alsford. It is illustrated with all-new colour photography throughout. Hard Rock's timeless collection is sure to inspire for generations to come.

This volume forms part of the 5 volume set "Early English Stages 1300-1660." This set examines the history of the development of dramatic spectacle and stage convention in England from the beginning of the fourteenth century to 1660.

This volume forms part of the 5 volume set "Early English Stages 1300-1660." This set examines the history of the development of dramatic spectacle and stage convention in England from the beginning of the fourteenth century to 1660.

This volume forms part of the 5 volume set Early English Stages 1300-1660. This set examines the history of the development of dramatic spectacle and stage convention in England from the beginning of the fourteenth century to 1660.

These volumes reprint articles from a variety of international journals, book chapters and key technical reports, to take a broad look at how the field has developed from the turn of theTwentieth Century through to the turn of the twenty-first.
Since the 1960s, there has been a boom in research on how the human mind both produces and comprehends language. Psycholinguistics - as a product of this boom - represents a synthesis between linguistics and psychology.
The set covers the following topics:
* Language Acquisition
* The Mental Lexicon
* Sentence Processing
* Discourse and Meaning
* Spoken Language Production
* Reading
* Disorders of Language and Production
* Computational Models of Language Learning and Adult * Language Use

In November 1918 a revolution overthrew the old imperial system in Germany and inaugurated a republic. The revolution was formally completed in August 1919 when the social democrat Friedrich Ebert was sworn in as president. By this time, however, many of the revolution's original aims and intentions had been swallowed up by new political concerns and lived experiences. For contemporaries the meaning of '9 November' changed, becoming increasingly contested between rival parties, military experts and scholars. This book examines how the debate on the revolution has evolved from August 1919 to the present day. It takes the reader through the ideological battles of the 1920s and 30s into the equally politicised historical writing of the cold war period. It ends with a consideration of the marginalisation of the revolution in academic research since the 1980s, and its revival from 2010. -- .

The book concentrates on fundamental texts in the study of architectural history with special reference to eighteenth and nineteenth-century Britain. The texts under discussion address key themes or methods in the construction of architectural histories. Alongside this, philosophical or theoretical writings which address the abstract issues surrounding the main texts are presented as a kind of exegesis on the chosen texts. This together with an introduction and discursive essays which preface each of the sections present a transdisciplinary discourse around the discipline of architectural history.

This book unravels the origins, continuities, and discontinuities of Finnish higher education as part of European higher education from the Middle Ages to the 21st century. It describes the emergence of universities in the Middle Ages and the Finnish student, and moves on to the Reformation and the end of Swedish rule. It then discusses the founding of the Royal Academy of Turku, its professors and governing bodies, its role as a community, student numbers, the research and controversies. Travelling through the age of autonomy, the first decades of independence and the Second World War, the book examines the expansion of higher education, the development of the system, and the establishment of polytechnics. It concludes by analysing the multiple institutional and organisational layers of Finnish higher education. Altogether, the book offers an historical study that shows how and why education and higher education have been important in the process of making the Finnish nation and nation state. Translator: Dr. Inga Arffman

Artists' Impressions in Architectural Design analyses the ways in which architects have presented their designs for clients and the public, both historically and contemporarily. It spans a period from the fifteenth to the twenty-first century.
Architects have become familiar with change. The passage of time has brought with it new and revived styles of architecture, as well as innovative tools and techniques for their representation. The result is that while some methods show a view of the architect's concept for a building, others offer an almost real experience of the intended architecture. This book provides a rare and valuable study i which the exciting technological developments of today are placed in context with the rich heritage of the past. It offers an opportunity to learn how architects have chosen to represent their ideas. The authors dare to gllimpse into the future, and hopefully offer some reassurance for the architects of tomorrow.

This volume forms part of a five volume set charting the progress of the 19th century movement, which was instrumental in establishing international guidelines for the teaching of modern languages. It was during this period that for the first time, co-operation between phoneticians and teachers culminated in the publication of works that were instrumental in establishing the "applied linguistic" approach to language teaching in the 20th century. For the first time, too, the new science of psychology influenced a scientific theory of second language acquisition. The Reform Movement attracted support across Europe, spurring the development of new professional associations and journals. In turn, the publication in these journals of reports of innovative practice contributed to a greater sense of autonomy and professionalism among modern language teachers, who had hitherto tended to live under the shadow of classical language teaching. The practical innovations and theoretical suggestions for the foreign language teaching, although rooted in the 19th century, still have relevance in 2001.

This volume forms part of a five-volume set charting the progress of the 19th century movement, which was instrumental in establishing international guidelines for the teaching of modern languages. It was during this period that for the first time, co-operation between phoneticians and teachers culminated in the publication of works that were instrumental in establishing the "applied linguistic" approach to language teaching in the 20th century. For the first time, too, the new science of psychology influenced a scientific theory of second language acquisition. The Reform Movement attracted support across Europe, spurring the development of new professional associations and journals. In turn, the publication in these journals of reports of innovative practice contributed to a greater sense of autonomy and professionalism among modern language teachers, who had hitherto tended to live under the shadow of classical language teaching. The practical innovations and theoretical suggestions for the foreign language teaching, although rooted in the 19th century, still have relevance today.

This volume forms part of a five volume set charting the progress of the nineteenth century movement, which was instrumental in establishing international guidelines for the teaching of modern languages. It was during this period that for the first time, co-operation between phoneticians and teachers culminated in the publication of works that were instrumental in establishing the 'applied linguistic' approach to language teaching in the twentieth century. For the first time, too, the new science of psychology influenced a scientific theory of second language acquisition. The Reform Movement attracted support across Europe, spurring the development of new professional associations and journals. In turn, the publication in these journals of reports of innovative practice contributed to a greater sense of autonomy and professionalism among modern language teachers, who had hitherto tended to live under the shadow of classical language teaching. The practical innovations and theoretical suggestions for the foreign language teaching, although rooted in the nineteenth century, still have relevance today.