The first work to offer 5,000 years of authoritative historical coverage of ancient and modern cities in the Middle East and North Africa-from their founding to the present-highlighting each city's cultural, social, political, and economic significance. Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference work on major ancient and modern cities in the Middle East and North Africa from their beginnings to today. In an unprecedented work of historical research, renowned experts Bruce Stanley and Michael Dumper provide 5,000 years of authoritative historical coverage as they trace the full trajectory of each city, discuss ties to other cities, and present a comparative analysis of the region through the lens of its cities. The A-Z entries feature extensive information about each city's location, geography, demographics, climate and environmental issues, ancient and classical history, Islamic history, post-1800 C.E. history, architecture, religious significance, cultural issues, society, municipal features, economic issues, and contemporary trends. Introductory essays explore urban general history and historiography, urban planning and modernization, poverty, interaction between cities, social welfare, culture, identity issues, and the place of these cities within the world economy. Coverage of 100 ancient and modern cities in the Middle East and North Africa 19 academic contributors from this region as well as from Europe and the United States Annotated timeline locating cities within their historical and imperial contexts 44 illustrations including the Venetian fortifications of Nicosia, the ziggurat in Ur, and the Silk Market in Cairo 8 maps including an overview map of all the cities listed in the book and sub-regional maps to clarify their location

Having evolved over the past two and a quarter centuries to become the premier military force in the world, the U.S. Army has a heritage rich in history and tradition. This historical dictionary provides short, clear, authoritative entries on a broad cross section of military terms, concepts, arms and equipment, units and organizations, campaigns and battles, and people who have had a significant impact on Army. It includes over 900 entries written by some 100 scholars, providing a valuable resource for the interested reader, student, and researcher.

For those interested in pursuing specific subjects further, the book provides sources at the end of each entry as well as a general bibliography. Appendixes provide a useful list of abbreviations and acronyms and a listing of ranks and grades in the U.S. Army.

Lawrence"Yogi" Berra was never supposed to become a major league ballplayer. That's what his immigrant father told him. That's what Branch Rickey told him, too-right to Berra's face, in fact. Even the lowly St. Louis Browns of his youth said he'd never make it in the big leagues. Yet baseball was his lifeblood. It was the only thing he ever cared about. Heck, it was the only thing he ever thought about. Berra couldn't allow a constant stream of ridicule about his appearance, taunts about his speech, and scorn about his perceived lack of intelligence to keep him from becoming one of the best to ever play the game-at a position requiring the very skills he was told he did not have. Drawing on more than one hundred interviews and four years of reporting, Jon Pessah delivers a transformational portrait of how Berra handled his hard-earned success-on and off the playing field-as well as his failures; how the man who insisted "I really didn't say everything I said!" nonetheless shaped decades of America's culture; and how Berra's humility and grace redefined what it truly means to be a star. Overshadowed on the field by Joe DiMaggio early in his career and later by a youthful Mickey Mantle, Berra emerges as not only the best loved Yankee but one of the most appealingly simple, innately complex, and universally admired men in all of America.

"Sport Histories" draws on figurational sociology to provide a fresh approach to analyzing the development of modern sports. The book brings together ten case studies, examining both mainstream, well-researched sports - such as soccer, rugby, baseball, boxing and cricket - and sports relatively neglected by historians and sociologists - such as shooting, motor racing, tennis, gymnastics and martial arts.
The book explores key issues in the study of sport, including:
- The relative influence of intra-national and international conflicts
- The importance of commercial processes
- Violence and control of violence
- Differences between elite and mass sport movements
- The part played by sport in the development of cultures and societies
This groundbreaking work illustrates the distinctiveness of the figurational sociological approach and its usefulness in examining the development of modern sport. It represents an important crossing of the boundary between the disciplines of history and sociology in the study of sport, and will be of great interest to students and researchers working in both disciplines.

In this illuminating and comprehensive account, Talbot C. Imlay chronicles the life of Clarence Streit and his Atlantic federal union movement in the Unites States during and following the Second World War. The first book to detail Streit's life, work and significance, it reveals the importance of public political cultures in shaping US foreign relations. In 1939, Streit published Union Now which proposed a federation of the North Atlantic democracies modelled on the US Constitution. The buzz created led Streit to leave his position at The New York Times and devote himself to promoting the union. Over the next quarter of a century, Streit worked to promote a new public political culture, employing a variety of strategies to gain visibility and political legitimacy for his project and for federalist frameworks. In doing so, Streit helped shape wartime debates on the nature of the post-war international order and of transatlantic relations.

Fascinating history of the only remaining 'private' private bank in London Of the many family banks founded in Restoration England, Hoare's Bank is the only one that continues - by adapting to the new circumstances of every generation - as an independent partnership. Three centuries of unaltered ownership provide an engrossing portrait of the world that shaped both it and the Hoare family. As the family became identified with the bank which Richard Hoare founded in 1672, the lives of each generation became interwoven with the institution. Emerging from commonplace beginnings under the control of an assiduous and ambitious man, it developed during the 18th century into an institution with a character and connections that were aristocratic, the family building Stourhead and laying out its world-famous gardens. With success and wealth came fragmentation as the outside world brought distraction and the size of the family brought rivalry.

Sociologists have written much about power in relation to psychiatry and mental health services. Until now, however, there has been little research on resistance to this power, whether in the form of individual crusades or the collective efforts of social movements. As a result, a central thread in the social constitution of the mental health system has been overlooked.
"Contesting Psychiatry "explores the history of resistance to psychiatry between 1950 and 2000, and more particularly, the history of the social movements who have mounted this resistance, calling psychiatry into question. Key features include:
an account of the key social movements and organizations who have contested psychiatry over the last fifty years
the theorization of resistance to psychiatry which might apply to other national contexts and to social movement formation and protest in other medical arenas
the exploration of theories of power in psychiatry
Original and provocative in its approach, "Contesting Psychiatry "offers a new sociological perspective on psychiatry. It is essential reading for students and academics alike and a unique contribution to the sociological understanding of psychiatry and medicine.

Shortly after the Russians launched Sputnik in 1957, Hannah Arendt quipped that "only in America could a crisis in education actually become a factor in politics." The Cold War battle for the American school - dramatized but not initiated by Sputnik - proved Arendt correct. The schools served as a battleground in the ideological conflicts of the 1950s. Beginning with the genealogy of progressive education, and ending with the formation of New Left and New Right thought, Education and the Cold War offers a fresh perspective on the postwar transformation in U.S. political culture by way of an examination of the educational history of that era.

This unique and carefully researched study traces the evolution and accomplishments of the Office of the Supervising Architect of the United States - the office that from 1852 until 1939 held a virtual monopoly over federal building design. Among its more memorable buildings are the Italianate U.S. Mint in Carson City, the huge granite pile of the State, War, and Navy Building in Washington, D.C., the towering U.S. Post Office in Nashville, New York City's neo-Renaissance customhouse, and such "restorations" as the ancient adobe Palace of the Governors in Santa Fe. In tracing the evolution of the Office and its creative output, Antoinette J. Lee evokes the nation's considerable efforts to achieve an appropriate civic architecture.

Writers have previously placed the action of kissing into categories: kisses of love, affection, peace, respect and friendship. Each of the essays in this fascinating book take a single kind of kiss and uses it as an index to the past. For rather than offering a simple history of the kiss, this book is about the kiss in history. In this collection, an eminent group of cultural historians have explored this subject using an exceptionally wide range of evidence. They explore the kiss through sources as diverse as canonical religious texts, popular prints, court depositions, periodicals, diaries and poetry. In casting the net so wide, these authors demonstrate how cultural history has been shaped by a broad concept of culture, encompassing more than simply the canons of art and literature, and integrating apparently 'historical' and 'non-historical' sources. Furthermore, this collections shows that by analyzing the kiss and its position - embedded as it is as part of our culture - history can use small gestures to take us to big issues concerning ourselves and others, the past and the present. With an afterword by Sir Keith Thomas, this book will be fascinating reading for cultural historians working on a wide range of different societies and periods. -- .

First published in 2005. By far the most stimulating and complete introduction to the styles and schools of Western music, this work is certain to remain a classic. Beginning with the music of the early Christian church, the Gregorian chant, the book proceeds through minstrels and troubadours, the Flemish polyphonic schools, the Italian Renaissance, the Viennese school and the Russian school. Music lovers will appreciate the author's sound interpretations and engaging, readable style.

This book is a major contribution to the comparative histories of crime and criminal justice, focusing on the legal regimes of the British empire during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Its overarching theme is the transformation and convergence of criminal justice systems during a period that saw a broad shift from legal pluralism to the hegemony of state law in the European world and beyond. Chapters in the book present a variety of approaches, ranging from global discussions of key issues and developments to an exploration of local case studies and their relationship to these broader themes. Overall they reflect thinking and developments within criminological, historiographical and post-colonial approaches. Crime and Empire 1840-1940 reflects a growing interest in the history of criminal justice on the part of both criminologists and historians. The legacy of colonialism continues to be disputed in the courts and elsewhere. The contributors to this book are concerned le

In 2000, INSEAD celebrates its 40th anniversary. In this time INSEAD has grown to be a leading business and management school in Europe, and one of the most successful and influential in the world. This text is a business study and history of INSEAD which details how this success was achieved, and goes on to relate the story of the school to the management themes of leadership, teamworking and innovation.

This concise history of the major military reforms in the Soviet Union in the twentieth century fills an essential gap in scholarly studies on the subject and provides a model for analyzing past and future doctrine, force structure and technology, and command and control tactics. This study should be a benchmark for measuring and identifying reforms in three key periods. It is intended for historians and analysts in military affairs; political scientists; and scholars dealing with Soviet, Russian, and the new independent states in the region. This invaluable history analyzes three periods of fundamental reform. The Frunze reforms of the mid-1920s laid the institutional basis for the Red Army, enabling it to develop into an integrated and professional army. The post-World War II reforms and the process of demobilization and mobilization permitted the Soviet Union to remain a nation under arms without hobbling its economy. The revolution in military affairs in the Krushchev era illustrated Soviet accommodation to technological changes in warfare. And finally, the process of reform and imperatives for reform are evident in the Gorbachev programs of perestroika and glasnost, which were cut short. The case studies are made against a backdrop of external and internal politics and economics. Currently the centralized Soviet structures are disintegrating along lines by which they were developed earlier. Whatever the future, military reform and reorganization will relate closely to past practice. There are many similarities between past and present challenges and many lessons to be learned.

The untold history of lesbian life from those who have lived it! Lives of Lesbian Elders: Looking Back, Looking Forward illuminates the hopes, fears, issues, and concerns of gay women as they grow older. Based on interviews with 62 lesbians ranging in age from 55 to 95, this very special book provides a historical account of the shared experiences of the lesbian community that is so often invisible or ignored in contemporary society. The book gives voice to their thoughts and feelings on a wide range of issues, including coming out, identity and the meaning of life, the role of family and personal relationships, work and retirement, adversity, and individual sources of strength and resilience. Cast off and overlooked at best or victims of scorn and prejudice at worst, lesbians in the twentieth century lived dual lives, their full voices unhearduntil now. Lives of Lesbian Elders chronicles the life choices they made and their reasons for making them, set against the contexts of culture, politics, and the social mores of the eras in which they lived. Their stories of courage, resilience, resourcefulness, pride, and independence help restore lesbian history that has been forgotten, distorted, or disregarded and provide the information necessary to meet the future needs of aging lesbians. Lives of Lesbian Elders gives aging lesbians a chance to discuss their thoughts on a variety of topics, including: Coming out You didn't talk about it . . . Until two years ago, I never even referred to a lesbian or would I allow the word to pass my lips I used to sneak into libraries and read about homosexuality and back in that era, it was not classy . . . it was classified as a disorder of some type Identity The only difference between me and anybody else is that I just happen to be sleeping with a woman I think I grew up not really knowing who I was and, I think, probably fighting all my life trying to find out who I was Family I feel very connected with the lesbian community here . . . I guess I would call that family Many years ago, my sister said: 'I think when they're ready, you need to explain to (the nieces) what a lesbian is, because I want them to hear the correct story . . . I want them to hear what it really is and not all these stupid rumors that go around' Work I was going to become a youth minister at one point and it dawned on me in high school that there was no way the church was going to let me work with kids I didn't really finish my career . . . I still have dreams about the military and about not finishing . . . It was my choice, but it wasn't really my choice Aging and the Future I think financing, of course, is a real big problem for lesbian women I have a concern that if anything should happen to my partnerin growing olderof being isolated from the gay community . . . and much more! Lives of Lesbian Elders: Looking Back, Looking Forward also includes appendices that present demographic data on the women who were interviewed for the book, information on historical timelines, and suggested readings on lesbian history. The book is an invaluable addition to the growing collective history of lesbians in the United States.

Some of the key aspects of doctrinal, manpower, and technical modernization of China's armed forces are the subject of this unique collection of essays. The volume goes beyond a limited assessment of China's military modernization, to stress the implications of modernization with respect to regional Asian security and the broader international scene. Varying perspectives on China's military modernization are presented against a framework that considers U.S. national security policy, the Strategic Defense Initiative, and strategic trade with China, in addition to China's own nuclear deterrent and its military posture vis-a-vis the Soviet Union, Japan, and Southeast Asia. The critical issue of China's defense modernization is presented in light of practical, domestic, political, and economic constraints on defense modernization facing the Beijing government.

First published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.