The World of Nano-Biomechanics, Second Edition, focuses on the remarkable progress in the application of force spectroscopy to molecular and cellular biology that has occurred since the book's first edition in 2008. The initial excitement of seeing and touching a single molecule of protein/DNA is now culminating in the development of various ways to manipulate molecules and cells almost at our fingertips, enabling live cell operations. Topics include the development of molecular biosensors, mechanical diagnosis, cellular-level wound healing, and a look into the advances that have been made in our understanding of the significance of mechanical rigidity/flexibility of protein/DNA structure for the manifestation of biological activities. The book begins with a summary of the results of basic mechanics to help readers who are unfamiliar with engineering mechanics. Then, representative results obtained on biological macromolecules and structures, such as proteins, DNA, RNA, polysaccharides, lipid membranes, subcellular organelles, and live cells are discussed. New to this second edition are recent developments in three important applications, i.e., advanced AFM-data analysis, high-resolution mechanical biosensing, and the use of cell mechanics for medical diagnosis.

The book is a developed history of the radiological sciences - covering the back-story to Roentgen's discovery, the discovery itself and immediate reception the early days of radiology leading to classical radiology (the pre-digital world). The 1970s as the 'golden decade' of radiology will be covered in detail, with the development of CT, MRI and modern interventional radiology. It will appeal to interested members of the public, to those working in the field, and to historians of medicine and science.

This volume presents a selection of articles based on inspiring lectures held at the "Capri" Advanced Summer School, an original event conceived and promoted by Leonida Antonio Gizzi and Ralph Assmann that focuses on novel schemes for plasma-based particle acceleration and radiation sources, and which brings together researchers from the conventional accelerator community and from the high-intensity laser-matter interaction research fields. Training in these fields is highly relevant for ultra-intense lasers and applications, which have enjoyed dramatic growth following the development of major European infrastructures like the Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI) and the EuPRAXIA project. The articles preserve the tutorial character of the lectures and reflect the latest advances in their respective fields. The volume is mainly intended for PhD students and young researchers getting started in this area, but also for scientists from other fields who are interested in the latest developments. The content will also appeal to radiobiologists and medical physicists, as it includes contributions on potential applications of laser-based particle accelerators.

This book describes the state of the art across the broad range of spectroscopic techniques used in the study of biological systems. It reviews some of the latest advances achieved in the application of these techniques in the analysis and characterization of small and large biological compounds, covering topics such as VUV/UV and UV-visible spectroscopies, fluorescence spectroscopy, IR and Raman techniques, dynamic light scattering (DLS), circular dichroism (CD/SR-CD), pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance techniques, Moessbauer spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray methods and electron and ion impact spectroscopies. The second part of the book focuses on modelling methods and illustrates how these tools have been used and integrated with other experimental and theoretical techniques including also electron transfer processes and fast kinetics methods. The book will benefit students, researchers and professionals working with these techniques to understand the fundamental mechanisms of biological systems.

- Presents a practical and accessible journey from application requirements to technical solutions - Provides a pedagogic treatment of the underlying technology - Describes how safety is to be considered in the application of this technology and how safety and quality can be factored into the overall system.

Concepts of Mathematical Physics in Chemistry: A Tribute to Frank E. Harris - Part B, presents a series of articles concerning important topics in quantum chemistry, including surveys of current topics in this rapidly-developing field that has emerged at the cross section of the historically established areas of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology.

Smart materials are the way of the future in a variety of fields, from biomedical engineering and chemistry to nanoscience, nanotechnology, and robotics. Featuring an interdisciplinary approach to smart materials and structures, this second edition of Artificial Muscles: Applications of Advanced Polymeric Nanocomposites has been fully updated to thoroughly review the latest knowledge of ionic polymeric conductor nanocomposites (IPCNCs), including ionic polymeric metal nanocomposites (IPMNCs) as biomimetic distributed nanosensors, nanoactuators, nanotransducers, nanorobots, artificial muscles, and electrically controllable intelligent polymeric network structures. Authored by one of the founding fathers of the field, the book introduces fabrication and manufacturing methods of several electrically and chemically active ionic polymeric sensors, actuators, and artificial muscles, as well as a new class of electrically active polymeric nanocomposites and artificial muscles. It also describes a few apparatuses for modeling and testing various artificial muscles to show the viability of chemoactive and electroactive muscles. It presents the theories, modeling, and numerical simulations of ionic polymeric artificial muscles' electrodynamics and chemodynamics and features current industrial and medical applications of IPMNCs. By covering the fabrication techniques of and novel developments in advanced polymeric nanocomposites, this second edition continues to provides an accessible yet solid foundation to the subject while stimulating further research. Key features: Fully up to date with the latest cutting-edge discoveries in the field Authored by a world expert in the subject area Explores the exciting and growing topic of smart materials in medicine Mohsen Shahinpoor is Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Maine and a leading expert in artificial muscles.

Fully updated throughout, with new sections on image interpretation and image reconstruction Overview of the current state of experimental and clinical use of EIT as well as active research developments Overview of related research in geophysics, industrial process tomography, magnetic-resonance and magnetic-induction impedance imaging

Mathematical Physics for Nuclear Experiments presents an accessible introduction to the mathematical derivations of key equations used in describing and analysing results of typical nuclear physics experiments. Instead of merely showing results and citing texts, crucial equations in nuclear physics such as the Bohr's classical formula, Bethe's quantum mechanical formula for energy loss, Poisson, Gaussian and Maxwellian distributions for radioactive decay, and the Fermi function for beta spectrum analysis, among many more, are presented with the mathematical bases of their derivation and with their physical utility. This approach provides readers with a greater connection between the theoretical and experimental sides of nuclear physics. The book also presents connections between well-established results and ongoing research. It also contains figures and tables showing results from the author's experiments and those of his students to demonstrate experimental outcomes. This is a valuable guide for advanced undergraduates and early graduates studying nuclear instruments and methods, medical and health physics courses as well as experimental particle physics courses. Key features Contains over 500 equations connecting theory with experiments. Presents over 80 examples showing physical intuition and illustrating concepts. Includes 80 exercises, with solutions, showing applications in nuclear and medical physics.

Mathematical Physics for Nuclear Experiments presents an accessible introduction to the mathematical derivations of key equations used in describing and analysing results of typical nuclear physics experiments. Instead of merely showing results and citing texts, crucial equations in nuclear physics such as the Bohr's classical formula, Bethe's quantum mechanical formula for energy loss, Poisson, Gaussian and Maxwellian distributions for radioactive decay, and the Fermi function for beta spectrum analysis, among many more, are presented with the mathematical bases of their derivation and with their physical utility. This approach provides readers with a greater connection between the theoretical and experimental sides of nuclear physics. The book also presents connections between well-established results and ongoing research. It also contains figures and tables showing results from the author's experiments and those of his students to demonstrate experimental outcomes. This is a valuable guide for advanced undergraduates and early graduates studying nuclear instruments and methods, medical and health physics courses as well as experimental particle physics courses. Key features Contains over 500 equations connecting theory with experiments. Presents over 80 examples showing physical intuition and illustrating concepts. Includes 80 exercises, with solutions, showing applications in nuclear and medical physics.

This textbook provides an accessible introduction to the basic principles of medical physics, the applications of medical physics equipment, and the role of a medical physicist in healthcare. Introduction to Medical Physics is designed to support undergraduate and graduate students taking their first modules on a medical physics course, or as a dedicated book for specific modules such as medical imaging and radiotherapy. It is ideally suited for new teaching schemes such as Modernising Scientific Careers and will be invaluable for all medical physics students worldwide. Key features: Written by an experienced and senior team of medical physicists from highly respected institutions The first book written specifically to introduce medical physics to undergraduate and graduate physics students Provides worked examples relevant to actual clinical situations

Stochastic Modeling for Medical Image Analysis provides a brief introduction to medical imaging, stochastic modeling, and model-guided image analysis. Today, image-guided computer-assisted diagnostics (CAD) faces two basic challenging problems. The first is the computationally feasible and accurate modeling of images from different modalities to obtain clinically useful information. The second is the accurate and fast inferring of meaningful and clinically valid CAD decisions and/or predictions on the basis of model-guided image analysis. To help address this, this book details original stochastic appearance and shape models with computationally feasible and efficient learning techniques for improving the performance of object detection, segmentation, alignment, and analysis in a number of important CAD applications. The book demonstrates accurate descriptions of visual appearances and shapes of the goal objects and their background to help solve a number of important and challenging CAD problems. The models focus on the first-order marginals of pixel/voxel-wise signals and second- or higher-order Markov-Gibbs random fields of these signals and/or labels of regions supporting the goal objects in the lattice. This valuable resource presents the latest state of the art in stochastic modeling for medical image analysis while incorporating fully tested experimental results throughout.

The need for qualified specialists to work with and apply sophisticated technology in contemporary medicine is rapidly growing. Professional bodies predict that meeting the needs of healthcare globally will require almost tripling the number of Medical Physicists by 2035. Similar challenges exist in the constantly growing profession of Medical Engineering. They can be solved most efficiently and effectively with the tools of e-Learning, and a free and open-source Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) platform such as Moodle is a welcome solution. The Moodle VLE platform is a free, open source learning management system that is the most popular choice for higher educational institutions worldwide. However, the best practices of the Moodle system are still unknown to many. This practical guide provides educators, programme administrators, and programme directors with a condensed guide to Moodle and step-by-step instructions on how to create a single course or an entire educational programme. It also discusses cost-effective ways to apply e-Learning in an educational institution. This guide is accessible to all professionals, even those without specialist IT skills, and will be helpful to educators of all levels in Medical Physics and Engineering, as well as in other medical and medical-related specialties or disciplines with a strong imaging component. Features: Provides step-by-step instructions of how to build a course/module for Higher Education on Moodle Gives practical solutions to implementing e-Learning in Medical Physics and Engineering Explores useful tips and tricks for best practice

From Roentgen to Rembrandt, Hounsfield to Hollywood and Vesalius to videogames, Imagining Imaging explores the deeply entwined relationship between art (and visual-based culture) and radiology / medical imaging. Including artworks from numerous historical eras representing varied geographic locations and visual traditions, alongside a diverse range of contemporary artists, Dr Jackson argues that the foundations of medical image construction and interpretation were laid down in artistic innovations dating back hundreds and thousands of years. Since the discovery of X-rays, artists and moviemakers have, in turn, drawn rich inspiration from radiographic imagery and concepts, but the process of cross-pollination between art and science has continued, with creative endeavour continuing to mould medical imaging examinations to this day. Blending a unique mix of art, science and medical history, together with aspects of visual neurophysiology and psychology, Imagining Imaging is essential reading for radiologists, radiographers and artists alike. Peppered with familiar TV and film references, personal insights into the business of image interpretation, and delivered in an accessible and humorous style, the book will also appeal to anyone who enjoys looking at pictures. Key features: Engaging synthesis of art and medical history, combined with anecdotes and experiences from a working clinical radiologist Diverse range of visual reference points including astronomy, botany and cartography, alongside comprehensive discussion of medical imaging modalities including plain radiography, ultrasound, CT and MRI 200 full colour illustrations

-Presents a practical, case-based approach -Includes real clinical problems and examples, with worked through solutions -Written in an accessible and student friendly manner

The work described here investigates the advantages and limitations of using laser light for the deep in-vivo illumination and micromanipulation of the neuronal system in zebrafish. To do so, it combines and develops novel optical methods such as optogenetics, light sheet microscopy and optical micromanipulation. It also demonstrates, for the first time, that directional and focused laser beams can successfully be used to target large objects at considerable depth in a living organism to exert purely optical force - in this case on otoliths (ear stones) - and create fictive vestibular stimuli in a stationary animal. The behavioural study and simultaneous imaging of the whole brain reveal the location of the brain cells specific to each ear stone. Elucidating these fundamental neural processes holds substantial value for basic neuroscience researchers, who still have only a vague grasp of how brain circuits mediate perception. As such, it represents highly innovative research that has already led to high-impact publications and is now being intensively pursued.

This work represents an inventive attempt to apply recent advances in nanotechnology to identify and characterise novel polymer systems for drug delivery through the skin. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements of the nanoscale mechanical properties of topical, drug-containing polymeric films enabled the author to identify optimal compositions, in terms of flexibility and substantivity, for application to the skin. To elucidate the enhanced drug release from polyacrylate films incorporating medium chain triglycerides, the author combined AFM studies with the complementary technique of Raman micro-spectroscopy. This experimental strategy revealed that the significant increase in the drug released from these films is the result of a nanoscale two-phase structure. Finally, in experiments examining the microporation of skin using femtosecond laser ablation, the author demonstrated that the threshold at which the skin's barrier function is undermined can be dramatically reduced by the pre-application of ink. The approach allows thermal damage at the pore edge to be minimised, suggesting a very real potential for substantially increasing drug delivery in a minimally invasive fashion.

Choice Recommended Title, January 2021 This book, written by authors with more than a decade of experience in the design and development of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in medical imaging, will guide readers in the understanding of one of the most exciting fields today. After an introductory description of classical machine learning techniques, the fundamentals of deep learning are explained in a simple yet comprehensive manner. The book then proceeds with a historical perspective of how medical AI developed in time, detailing which applications triumphed and which failed, from the era of computer aided detection systems on to the current cutting-edge applications in deep learning today, which are starting to exhibit on-par performance with clinical experts. In the last section, the book offers a view on the complexity of the validation of artificial intelligence applications for commercial use, describing the recently introduced concept of software as a medical device, as well as good practices and relevant considerations for training and testing machine learning systems for medical use. Open problematics on the validation for public use of systems which by nature continuously evolve through new data is also explored. The book will be of interest to graduate students in medical physics, biomedical engineering and computer science, in addition to researchers and medical professionals operating in the medical imaging domain, who wish to better understand these technologies and the future of the field. Features: An accessible yet detailed overview of the field Explores a hot and growing topic Provides an interdisciplinary perspective

This is the first all-encompassing textbook designed to support trainee clinical scientists in medical physics as they start work in a hospital setting whilst undertaking an academic master's course. Developed by practising physicists and experienced academics using their experience of teaching trainee medical physicists, this book provides an accessible introduction to the daily tasks that clinical scientists perform in the course of their work. It bridges the gap between theory and practice, making the book also suitable for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in other disciplines studying modules on medical physics, including those who are considering a career in medical physics through applying to the NHS Scientist Training Programme (STP). Features: Provides an accessible introduction to practical medical physics within a hospital environment Maps to the course content of the Scientist Training Programme in the NHS Acts as a complement to the academic books often recommended for medical physics courses

Following recent developments in hypofractionated stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) for brain and spine tumors, this new edition offers a fully updated and comprehensive "how-to" guidance on hypofractionated SRT for brain and spine metastases, glioma, benign tumors, and other tumor types. Presenting the state of the art of the technology and practice, this book: * Discusses the pros and cons of hypofractionated SRT compared to single-fraction radiosurgery, providing a deeper understanding of radiosurgery and radiobiology * Explains the toxicity and adverse effects of hypofractionated SRT including the dosage of 24 Gy in two spine SBRT fractionation schemes, aiding practitioners in communicating the risks and benefits of treatment and in obtaining consent from their patients * Outlines the current standards for safe practice, including checklists for implementation * Explores new technologies for brain and spine tumors including LITT, MR-guided focused ultrasound, and Zap technology, with chapters authored by well-recognized experts in the radiation, oncology, and neurosurgery communities; this book delivers a level of technological and clinical detail not available in journal papers This book is suitable for radiation oncologists, neurosurgeons, and medical physicists who specialize in brain and/or spine radiosurgery or want to start a program and need a comprehensive reference with key checklists for practice.

Covers different modalities for improvement of healthcare system Describes implementation strategies and their applications in diagnosis of modalities Reviews automatic identification of related disorders using medical modality Discusses bio-potential signals and their appropriate analysis for studying different disorders Includes case studies, real-time examples and research directions