Anxiety is ubiquitous in everyday life and avoiding sources of anxiety is often at the core of our everyday choices and can even shape our life plans. But why are we all so anxious, when is this normal uniqueness as opposed to a diagnosable anxiety disorder, and why have anxiety disorders become more prevalent than ever? In All We Have to Fear, Horwitz and Wakefield argue that psychiatry has largely generated this epidemic by inflating our socially inconvenient, yet natural, fears into psychiatric disorders and ignoring our biologically designed natures, thus allowing the overdiagnosis of anxiety disorders and facilitating a culture of medicalization. The result is a society that is afraid of natural, biologically designed feelings of fear and, overall, anxious about feeling anxious. All We Have to Fear is a groundbreaking and fresh look at how to distinguish between anxiety conditions that are mental disorders, those that are natural reactions to threats, and those that are natural products of evolution. Building on the new science of evolutionary psychology, Horwitz and Wakefield demonstrate a mismatch between our basic biological natures and the environment that we have created for ourselves. Some of our natural anxiety is born from situations and objects that posed serious risks during prehistory, but that are no longer usually dangerous, for example, a city dweller who is terrified of snakes. This mismatch generates normal anxiety when there is, in fact, no real danger. Evolutionary psychology shows that beyond the context in which the symptoms occur, our biological heritage as a species must be considered in any psychiatric diagnosis as we are otherwise bewildered by our own primitive fears and beset by diffuse anxieties that seem to have no function in our lives. All We Have to Fear argues that only by paying attention to our evolutionary shaping can we understand ourselves, our fears, what is normal versus disordered in what we fear, and make informed choices about how to approach these fears. The mismatch between our natures, environment, and our fears is not pathological, but rather reveals the forces that shaped us and provides an "emotional time machine," shedding light on who we were when we were shaped as a species, and thus, allowing us more insight into who we are today.

This third volume of NMR Spectroscopy in the Undergraduate Curriculum continues the work we started with the first and second volumes in providing effective approaches for using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers as powerful tools for investigating a wide variety of phenomena at the undergraduate level. This volume focuses on upper-level courses and NMR spectroscopy across the curriculum. The applications and strategies in this volume will be helpful to those who are looking to transform their curriculum by integrating more NMR spectroscopy, to those who might not have considered NMR spectroscopy as a tool for solving certain types of problems, or for those seeking funding for a new or replacement NMR spectrometer.

An invaluable desk reference for busy public health practitioners,
The Dictionary of Public Health is an alphabetical listing of almost 5,000 words and phrases used in public health science and practice. It offers definitions, discussion, and an occasional brief commentary on the relevance of each term to people and their health. This volume is a trusted resource for answers to questions that arise in the course of public health practice, whether in the office or in the field, in interactions with the public or with the media.
The book contains cross-referenced definitions and discussions of related terms and concepts. For easy reference, users will find similarly worked definitions and discussions of important related concepts listed under each of the commonly used keywords. A variety of website links make it easy to find further information at the users fingertips. Covering all aspects of public health, this book serves as both a quick and handy reference tool and a vehicle for more leisurely browsing.

This book covers emerging trends in signal processing research and biomedical engineering, exploring the ways in which signal processing plays a vital role in applications ranging from medical electronics to data mining of electronic medical records. Topics covered include statistical modeling of electroencephalograph data for predicting or detecting seizure, stroke, or Parkinson's; machine learning methods and their application to biomedical problems, which is often poorly understood, even within the scientific community; signal analysis; medical imaging; and machine learning, data mining, and classification. The book features tutorials and examples of successful applications that will appeal to a wide range of professionals and researchers interested in applications of signal processing, medicine, and biology.

The important aspects of nutrition, drugs and vaccines are explained in a simple manner so that it will be easily understood. Combination of drugs can be dangerous and should be avoided as far as possible. The indications, contraindications, adverse effects of various medicines and vaccines are discussed in detail which will be helpful for the monitoring of patients. Designed for medical students which will help them to understand various facts in nutrition such as positive and negative aspects of nutrition, feeding and various other nutritional factors. Basics of x-rays and radiological features of various clinical conditions are discussed in detail. Indications, contraindications and adverse effects of various medicine and vaccines are discussed in detail. Mnemonics for easy remembrance and recollection.

Part of the Clinico Radiological Series, this book provides a multidisciplinary overview of diagnostic imaging of chest tumours. Divided into eight sections, the text begins with an introduction to imaging modalities. The following sections discuss imaging of different types of chest tumour – lung, plural and chest wall, and mediastinal – and management of lung carcinoma. The final section provides reporting and examination templates with questions and answers to allow radiologists to practise reporting techniques. Current classification, staging systems, management and complications are covered in depth and the layout of the text allows clinicians to understand both the clinical and radiological perspectives of each topic. The text is further enhanced by more than 1100 clinical photographs, diagrams and tables. Other titles in the Clinico Radiological Series include Temporal Bone Imaging (9789385891908), Imaging of Interstitial Lung Diseases (9789386322517), Sinonasal Imaging (9789352701711), and Imaging of Chest Infections (9789352705023). Key points Multidisciplinary guide to diagnostic imaging of chest tumours Part of the Clinico Radiological Series Includes more than 1100 images, diagrams and tables Features reporting templates and questions and answers for revision

This is written mainly for dental students. Topics of general surgery and chapters like Oral Cavity, Salivary Glands, Laryngeal Tumors, Thyroid, Neck, Tonsils, and Maxillofacial injuries have been adequaltely edited and changed as per the new syllabus. Recent advances in treatment, staging and classification in various topics are updated. New photographs and tables are included wherever necessary. History, sterilization and fluid and electrolyte chapters are rewritten completely again with newer concepts. Unique in that it covers all basic surgical principles needed for dental students according to their recent syllabus and guidelines. Covers electrolytes, basic topics, head and neck, thyroid, salivary glands, maxillofacial injuries, and esophagus. Highlights instruments, basic operative surgeries, imaging, and basic anesthesia. Covers clinical examination topics, which are essential for dental students for practice and their surgery practical examination. Sterilization and electrolytes chapters are rewritten. Photographs are updated in many places. New staging systems are added for malignancies.

Here is the Fourth Edition of the classic text Electrodiagnosis in Diseases of Nerve and Muscle. With each subsequent edition, Dr. Kimura has built upon his extensive experience teaching electromyography (EMG) around the world and has transferred his knowledge to the book. It is intended for clinicians who perform electrodiagnostic procedures as an extension of their clinical examination, and will be of value to neurologists and physiatrists who are interested in neuromuscular disorders and noninvasive electrodiagnostic methods, particularly those practicing electromyography (EMG). The book provides a comprehensive review of most peripheral nerve and muscle diseases, including specific techniques and locations for performing each test. While the book has been thoroughly updated to reflect the growth that has been made in the field since 2001, a DVD has also been added to the book, allowing the readers to watch and listen to various types of normal and abnormal EMG activities. The book is designed for those interested in a broad review of electrodiagnostic medicine, especially to those dealing with patients with neuromuscular disorders, who may benefit from a referral for electromyography and nerve conduction studies as part of the clinical practice. It will appeal to those wanting a current update on the subject and those interested in state of the art information and observation of electrophysiologic techniques.

The new edition of this book is a practical guide to the clinical examination of orthopaedic complaints. Divided into 12 sections, the text begins with an overview of how to approach a physical examination. The following sections cover examination techniques for injuries in each part of the musculoskeletal system, from hip and knee, foot and ankle, to shoulder, elbow, wrist and hand; and spine. The book concludes with guidance on how to read an X-ray and provides a selection of short cases and long and short questions to help candidates prepare for theory examinations. Presented in question and answer format, the third edition has been fully revised and includes new topics to provide trainees with the latest advances in the field. The comprehensive text is further enhanced by clinical photographs, diagrams and tables to assist learning. Key points Practical guide to the clinical examination of orthopaedic injuries Fully revised, new edition providing trainees with latest advances in the field Provides short and long questions to help candidates prepare for theory examinations Previous edition (9789350257838) published in 2012

This revised edition will serve as a useful guide for midwives working both in rural and urban areas. The complete and concise text of the latest edition is fully revised and updated with more than 150 new entries and around 60 new figures. New appendices, including normal values in neonates and pediatric populations, antenatal assessment format, newborn assessment format, formulae for assessing growth parameters in children, etc. would be of immense help to midwives and medical professionals. The dictionary would definitely serve as a ready reference to the entire midwifery community. The latest edition is fully revised and updated with more than 150 new entries and around 60 new figures. Written to train midwives regarding basic terms used in medical science, particularly obstetrics, gynecology and midwifery. Language and elaboration has been made and simple to comprehend.

The authors of this book argue that there is a great divide between species that makes extrapolation of biochemical research from one group to another utterly invalid. In their previous book, "Sacred Cows and Golden Geese: The Human Cost of Experiments on Animals", the Greeks showed how an amorphous but insidious network of drug manufacturers, researchers dependent on government grants to earn their living, even cage-manufacurers - among others benefiting from "white-coat welfare" - have perpetuated animal research in spite of its total unpredictability when applied to humans. (Cancer in mice, for example, has long been cured. Chimps live long and relatively healthy lives with AIDS. There is no animal form of Alzheimer's disease.) In doing so, the Greeks aimed to blow the lid off the "specious science" we have been culturally conditioned to accept. Taking these revelations one step further, this book uses accessible language to provide the scientific underpinning for the Greeks' philosophy of "do no harm to any animal, human or not," by examining paediatrics, diseases of the brain, new surgical techniques, in vitro research, the Human Genome and Proteome Projects, an array of scien

A combination of population growth, public health failures, environmental degradation and rapid global transportation has resulted in a world that is at increasing risk to vectorborne and other infectious diseases. A large percentage of emerging diseases are vectorborne and over one-third of the agents on the list of greatest concern from bioterrorism are vectorborne. Many of these diseases are viral that have no effective drug or vaccine treatments. Drug and insecticide resistance is now common and has greatly compromised our ability to provide effective and affordable control. Parasitic diseases, including malaria, leishmmaniasis and African trypanosomiasis are likewise increasing in many parts of the world. Control programs for onchocerciasis and to some extent filariasis are reducing the impact of these diseases, largely due to the availability of filaricides such as ivermectin. Chagas disease has also declined significantly through home improvements and indoor insecticide application against the domicilary kissing bug vectors.
Despite these gains, this tend has not been sustainable. Instead, infectious disease is now responsible for greater than 25% of all deaths and nearly 50% of premature deaths among those under 45 years of age, and 63% for children less than 4 years of age. A significant proportion of these deaths is attributed to vectorborne diseases, particularly from malaria ( 11%). Indeed, more that 1 million people are killed annually by malaria, about 3000 per day. It is estimated that 700,000 children under the age of 5 die of malaria and at least 300 million are ill due to malaria each year. In response, the American Institute of Medicine (2003) has called for a renewed effort to rebuild public health infrastructures needed to conduct disease surveillance and vector control programs and to increase research to provide improved pesticides and their use, new repellents, new biopestcides and biocontrol agents to augment pesticidal control, as well as novel strategies to interrupt pathogen transmission.
With these goals in mind, we convened the first vector control symposium as part of the scientific program of the 3rd Pan-Pacific Conference of Pesticide Science in 2003. Five years after (2008), we re-convened this expanded topic at the 4th Pan-Pacific Conference on Pesticide Science and the scientific presentations made over two days comprise this current volume, Advances in Human Vector Control. The book covers two major areas: 1) Current Status and Control Practices, covering malaria, dengue, Chagas, human lice, cockroach and house dust mite issues; and 2) Novel Approaches and Resistance Management of these diseases. Chapters are provided by internationally-recognized experts who are actively involved in vector control and management, providing an up to date summary of this critically important area of public health. The effective use of novel control strategies is stressed and the status of recently acquired genomic approaches is critically reviewed.

Provides important points of each topic in continuous manner not in parts as given in previous guides. This book consists of theory of each topic followed by its questions so theory portion helps you to solve new questions. This pattern of book allows you to revise whole infectious diseases very clearly and quickly. It provides sufficient matter which can be revised without any problem. Topic and chapter-wise arranged explanatory series. Synopsis of every chapter helps in solving new questions. The very important points given in single unit 'Revision at a Glance'. Thoroughly revised and edited by a group of microbiologists. Simple text and mnemonics, to make things easy. Provides detailed coverage of immunology and parasitology. Provides the most essential facts in flow diagrams and tabulation with an easy-to-remember format. The focus of the book is to enable everyone to solve forthcoming questions.

A comprehensive text that looks at respiratory disorders in general, but concentrates on those that are more prevalent in tropical regions. The text is extremely well-illustrated and provides a comprehensive view of different respiratory diseases. A highlight of the book is the discussion on the threat of pulmonary tuberculosis and its unsolved challenges. The epidemiology, the subtle variation in clinical presentation, and the natural history of respiratory diseases in regional contexts have been clearly emphasized. This second edition has been thoroughly revised and updated. Prevailing concepts in lung cancer, asthma, interstitial lung disease, and several other diseases have been discussed at length. The section on newer diagnostic aids involving genetic and molecular biology, has been extensively revised. Every chapter of every section is illustrated wherever necessary with high-quality images contributing to a better understanding of the text.

This book is primarily aimed to cover the Indian system of examination (both the University and the National Board). The current seventh edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to cover the international examinations like the Royal College, London (RCOG), Royal College, Ireland (RCPI), and the American Board of Examinations (USMLE). This revision manual is a high yield concise book that covers all the contemporary examination systems. Covers comprehensively the entire zone of clinical, practical and viva-voce part of the examination, fulfilling university course curricula. Answers are framed in a simple and concise way for easy understanding and reproduction. Chapters on endoscopy (laparoscopy and hysteroscopy) and robotic surgery in gynecology have been incorporated to keep the reader up-to-date with the progress in science and technology. Model answers are provided to guide candidates in how to answer the theory questions. Topics on ultrasonography, doppler studies, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), laparoscopic and hysteroscopic surgery and robotic surgery have been incorporated. SBAs and MCQs are presented with model answers. Clinical photographs, graphs, sketches and line drawings have been included.

This casebook is a compilation of independent cases seen and documented by the respective authors. Each patient tells a story. In some cases the patient comes with an uncommon diagnosis, while in others the diagnosis is not rare, but important management issues are discussed. The largest number of cases included pertain to diabetes. In one or two instances, similar patients have been seen by different authors. They have been included to show the similarities and differences in approach amongst colleagues. Suggested reading at the end of each case supplement the text. Includes real-world case studies. Cases are arranged subject-wise, starting from adrenals. Each case is meant to be read independently. Covers a wide range of uncommon clinical problems and unusual clinical presentation. Suggested reading at the end of each case will further enrich reader’s experience.

The book is a comprehensive and practical guide to the students, trainees, practitioners and gynecologic oncology workers about premalignant and malignant condition of the vulva. It covers all the cancers of the vulva, as well as the surgical and medical aspects of vulvar disease.

This book provides everything nurses need to know about undertaking research and the use of statistics within that research. Original contents: the author used his own content practiced and experienced in his metaphorical career. Research examples box: each chapter includes box of realistic examples to sharpen the reader's critical thinking and understanding. Illuminating statistics: statistics chapter includes illustrative figures and examples for commonly used statistics for ready reference to nursing students. Multiple choice questions: each chapter is offered multiple choice questions helpful in preparation in different nursing examinations. Research misconduct: the only research book in nursing highlighted research and publication misconduct to sensitize the readers for publishing research paper. Aids to student learning: a detailed glossary and comprehensive index are provided for accessing information quickly.

This revision text offers over 750 essential MCQ examination practice for both dental undergraduates and postgraduates to build confidence for examination success. It includes chapters on history and examination, pediatric dentistry, orthodontics, periodontics, conservative dentistry, endodontics, prosthodontics, oral medicine and pathology, oral radiology, oral surgery, human disease and medical emergencies, drugs and therapeutics, dental materials, and law and ethics. Each chapter has a number of MCQs in the conventional true/false variety, single best answers (SBAs), extended matching questions (EMQs), coloured clinical pictures and related case studies to consolidate students' theoretical knowledge and clinical experience. The answers to each question are at the end of each chapter with some short notes which provide a brief explanation of false statements to allow candidates to focus on their revision.

Migraine treatment improved considerably with the advent of the 'triptans' in the 1990s. While the drugs used previously for headache treatment had efficacy, some compounds had bothersome side effects and their overuse could lead to severe complications. In the early days of the triptans, it was widely presumed that migraine was no longer a treatment problem. However, it has gradually been recognized that a significant proportion of patients are not responsive to triptans or do not tolerate them. It is now clear that, even with effective treatment, patients with frequent migraine attacks are not treated well exclusively with acute medications. This is partly because patients are still bothered by the attacks and partly because frequent intake of acute medication may result in medication-overuse headache. These problems have led to a renewed interest in preventive migraine drugs.
Part of the Frontiers in Headache Research series, this book summarizes the several promising new avenues for the development of future drugs for the treatment of migraine, including cortical-spreading depression inhibition, nitric oxide synthase inhibition and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonism, as well as other potential targets. The book presents frontline knowledge of these evolving modalities as far as it is available in the public domain. It is hoped that readers and their patients will find it exciting to learn about all the novel possibilities, and also that the impressive research advances in migraine will lead to increased funding, not only of migraine but also of other types of headache.