Epidemiology of Brain and Spinal Tumors provides a single volume resource on imaging methods and neuroepidemiology of both brain and spinal tumors. The book covers a variety of imaging techniques, including computed tomography (CT), MRI, positron emission tomography (PET), and other laboratory tests used in diagnosis and treatment. Detailed epidemiology, various imaging methods, and clinical considerations of tumors of the CNS make this an ideal reference for users who will also find diverse information about structures and functions, cytology, epidemiology (including molecular epidemiology), diagnosis and treatment. This book is appropriate for neuroscience researchers, medical professionals and anyone interested in a complete guide to visualizing and understanding CNS tumors.

More than 50 years have passed since the use of L-dopa in the palliative treatment of Parkinson's disease, but it remains the most common treatment despite inducing severe side effects such as dyskinesia after 4-6 years of use. Numerous preclinical investigations based on endogenous neurotoxin models have promised various therapies for Parkinson's disease, but these efforts have failed when attempting to transfer these successful results to preclinical studies. Although several publications have warned of these failures, the scientific community remains mostly unaware, and there is a need to focus their efforts on potential therapeutics that can slow or halt development of the disease. Clinical Studies and Therapies in Parkinson's Disease: Translations from Preclinical Models analyzes preclinical models based on exogenous neurotoxins and why they have failed. Neuroscientists, neurologists, and neuropharmacologists will benefit greatly from the book's discussion of these newer models, their benefits, and the need for their implementation. This book also provides the basic concepts of dopamine metabolism for students taking courses in neurochemistry, neuroscience, neuropharmacology, biochemistry, and medicine.

Cerebral Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas serves as an authoritative, comprehensive resource for these vascular lesions, describing their anatomy, diagnosis, natural history, and thorough treatment options. Rooted in well-illustrated anatomy and depictions of dAVFs, readers can better understand their pathophysiology, historical discovery, and avenues for treatment, including embolization, surgery, and radiosurgery. Imaging modalities are also discussed extensively as well as the management of these lesions. This reference is appropriate for neurosurgeons, neurologists, interventional radiologists and intensivists that manage these patients, providing clarity, and at the same time, comprehensiveness.

This issue of Neurologic Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Joseph D. Burns and Anna M. Cervantes-Arslanian, will focus on Neurologic Emergencies. This issue is one of four selected each year by series consulting editor, Dr. Randolph W. Evans. Topics include-but are not limited to-Coma and depressed level of alertness; Post-arrest Neuroprotection; Headache Emergencies; Acute dizziness, vertigo, and unsteadiness; Neuro-ophthalmologic emergencies; Intracerebral hemorrhage; Acute ischemic stroke; Seizures and status epilepticus; Movement disorders emergencies; Neuromuscular respiratory failure; Neuroinfectious disease emergencies; Severe traumatic brain injury; Acute myelopathy; Neuro-oncologic emergencies; Autoimmune neurologic emergencies; Brain herniation and intracranial hypertension; Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; Anesthesiology considerations in neurological emergencies; Neurological emergencies during the COVID pandemic; Neurocritical care and the COVID pandemic; and Neurologic Emergencies during Pregnancy.

This book offers a comprehensive overview of Alexander disease, a rare and devastating neurological disorder that often affects the white matter of the brain and spinal cord. Its distinctive neuropathology consists of abundant Rosenthal fibers within astrocytes (one of the four major cell types of the central nervous system). Nearly all cases are caused by variants in the gene encoding the intermediate filament protein GFAP, but how these changes in GFAP lead to the widespread manifestations of disease is poorly understood. Astrocytes, while discovered over a century ago, are themselves still much of a mystery. They exhibit considerable diversity, defy precise definition, and yet actively regulate many aspects of nervous system functioning. We also have incomplete understanding of Rosenthal fibers, odd structures that contain GFAP as just one of many components. Whether they are toxic or protective is unknown. Moreover, Rosenthal fibers are not absolutely unique to Alexander disease, and are seen sporadically in a wide variety of other conditions, including brain tumors and multiple sclerosis. GFAP is the third unknown. It is an ancient protein, arising early in the evolution of vertebrates, but its role in normal biology is still a matter of debate. Yet Alexander disease shows, without a doubt, that changing just a single of its 432 amino acids can lead to catastrophe, not just in the astrocytes where GFAP is produced but also in the other cells with which astrocytes interact. Despite all of the unknowns, much has been learned in the past 20 years, and it is time to share this knowledge. This book is intended for recently diagnosed patients and families, as well as non-specialist researchers interested in this neurological disease. It covers historical origins, the state of current knowledge, and prospects for what lies ahead, with citations to the primary literature given throughout.

This book presents the essentials of behavioral test methodology needed for effective study planning and high quality behavioral data collection on laboratory mice. The broad scope of behavioral testing in relation to the neurosciences is discussed, as are thefine details of varioustest situations. Mistakes made in past research are scrutinized and lessons are drawn about how to avoid them in future work. Diverse factors that can influence the results of behavioral experiments are discussed, ranging from the specific parameters employed in a test to the laboratory environment outside the test situation itself. Throughout the book, emphasis is placed on special issues that arise when testing genetically different mice, including inbred strains and mice with targeted mutations. This knowledge will assist an investigator who lacks formal training in behavioral psychology to build a behavioral testing lab and insure that its output meets current standards of good practice in behavioral neuroscience research.

The book will be a convenient manual of procedures for daily use in studies of mouse behavior. It will be of interest even to experienced behavioural researchers, but of particular value to scientists just beginning work with mice, including undergraduate and graduate students as well as postdoctoral investigators who want to collect phenotypic data with knockout and other genetically defined mice. Constructed from materials used in a long running course on Advanced Animal Behavior at University of North Carolina-Greensboro, the book is an ideal text for a course on behavioral testing.
A guide to running a behavioral testing lab, including the many aspects of mouse research beyond the confines of the specific testDiagrams and photographs are shown for many kinds of apparatus and test situations with sufficient details such as dimensions to enable building of replicasProvides step-by-step instructions on planning and executing behavioral experiments in order to run them successfullyA companion website will provide access to statistical utilities in Excel and test protocols, examples of real documents used for published studies, and video clips of the mice behaviors resulting from various tests"

Stroke Rehabilitation: Insights from Neuroscience and Imaging informs and challenges neurologists, rehabilitation therapists, imagers, and stroke specialists to adopt more restorative and scientific approaches to stroke rehabilitation based on new evidence from neuroscience and neuroimaging literatures. The fields of cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging are advancing rapidly and providing new insights into human behavior and learning. Similarly, improved knowledge of how the brain processes information after injury and recovers over time is providing new perspectives on what can be achieved through rehabilitation.
Stroke Rehabilitation explores the potential to shape and maximize neural plastic changes in the brain after stroke from a multimodal perspective. Active skill based learning is identified as a central element of a restorative approach to rehabilitation. The evidence behind core learning principles as well as specific learning strategies that have been applied to retrain lost functions of movement, sensation, cognition and language are also discussed. Current interventions are evaluated relative to this knowledge base and examples are given of how active learning principles have been successfully applied in specific interventions. The benefits and evidence behind enriched environments is reviewed with examples of potential application in stroke rehabilitation. The capacity of adjunctive therapies, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation, to modulate receptivity of the damaged brain to benefit from behavioral interventions is also discussed in the context of this multimodal approach. Focusing on new insights from neuroscience and imaging, the book explores the potential to tailor interventions to the individual based on viable brain networks.
This book is intended for clinicians, rehabilitation specialists and neurologists who are interested in using these new discoveries to achieve more optimal outcomes. Equally as important, it is intended for neuroscientists, clinical researchers, and imaging specialists to help frame important clinical questions and to better understand the context in which their discoveries may be used.

Each day, novel neuroscientific findings show that researchers are focusing on developing advanced smart hardware designs and intelligent computational models to imitate the human brain's computational abilities. The advancements in smart materials provide a significant role in inventing intelligent bioelectronic device designs with smart features such as accuracy, low power consumption, and more. These advanced and intelligent computing models through machine and smart deep learning algorithms help to understand the information processing capabilities of the human brain with optimum accuracy. The Handbook of Research on Futuristic Design and Intelligent Computational Techniques in Neuroscience and Neuroengineering highlights advanced computational models and hardware designs in neurology and integration of mathematical physical, biological, chemical, and engineering models to mimic brain functions; discovers new technological diagnosis techniques; and achieves high accuracy in learning models to better understand the functioning of the human brain. Providing rich information on brain-computer interfacing, gamification in children, and vestibular rehabilitation, this text acts as an essential resource for experts in electrophysiological studies, neurologists, neuro-physiotherapists, neuro-radiologists, intelligent system developers, bio-software and hardware developers, neuro database collectors, electro-physiologists, professors associated with neurology, psychiatrists, engineers, scientists, and students from academia and industry involved in interdisciplinary approaches to neurology.

A #1 New York Times bestseller--the devastating truth about the effects of wheat, sugar, and carbs on the brain, with a 4-week plan to achieve optimum health.
Renowned neurologist David Perlmutter, MD, blows the lid off a topic that's been buried in medical literature for far too long: carbs are destroying your brain. And not just unhealthy carbs, but even healthy ones like whole grains can cause dementia, ADHD, anxiety, chronic headaches, depression, and much more. Dr. Perlmutter explains what happens when the brain encounters common ingredients in your daily bread and fruit bowls, why your brain thrives on fat and cholesterol, and how you can spur the growth of new brain cells at any age. He offers an in-depth look at how we can take control of our "smart genes" through specific dietary choices and lifestyle habits, demonstrating how to remedy our most feared maladies "without drugs." With a revolutionary 4-week plan, GRAIN BRAIN teaches us how we can reprogram our genetic destiny for the better. GRAIN BRAIN is a #1 New York Times bestseller and a finalist for a 2013 Books for a Better Life award.

Without warning stroke can paralyze, blind, or kill. Some victims recover, but many do not and may even suffer another disabling or fatal attack. The drug known as tPA can drastically reduce the long-term disability associated with stroke, but despite its near-miraculous capabilities and the growing support of most neurologists, it has been slow to win acceptance as the standard of care in emergency departments nationwide.
tPA for Stroke chronicles how this remarkable drug came to be tested in stroke victims, its early years in development by the pharmaceutical giant Genentech, and its eventual marginalization due to a convergence of unfavorable political, fiscal, and medical circumstances. For instance, initially many stroke specialists were unconvinced that the drug's benefits outweigh its risks (tPA was originally developed and is still used for cardiac patients). Moreover, neurologists called upon to assess stroke patients have not typically been trained to make decisions in emergency settings--and tPA must be given within a scant few hours after stroke. These and other factors have continued to delay the drug's universal acceptance as the most effective treatment available, and to hamper the general public's awareness that such a treatment exists--a troubling state of affairs that Zivin and Simmons argue must be rectified. Instilling the knowledge that anyone, at any time, is susceptible to stroke, from the old and infirm to the young and healthy, tPA for Stroke is a clarion call to awareness in a rapidly changing healthcare environment in which stroke, long a disease in thrall to resignation and pessimism, must be neglected no longer.

Neurology explores the complexities of the Central Nervous System, beginning with the different sections (lobes) of the brain, continuing to the spinal cord and concluding with the structure and function of the neuron. Bold images engage the reader and color-coded text reinforce new material. Learn advanced vocabulary and bring out your inner Neurologist Fun for all ages.

A compelling account of the most feared childhood disease of the 20th century and its impact on victims and medical science. This new title in the Biographies of Disease series offers a thorough examination of medical and scientific efforts to battle polio, from the 19th-century identification of the virus to the great 20th-century epidemics, from the unprecedented campaign to find a vaccine to recent efforts to confront polio in West Africa and South Asia and eliminate it entirely. Beyond the science, Polio looks at the effects of the disease on individuals and the United States as a whole. The book gives readers a sense of what it was like to have polio and to recover from it. It also describes how the search for answers to polio led to the rise of one of America's premier medical charities-the March of Dimes-and how modern physical therapy practices emerged alongside the polio epidemics of the 20th century. A chronology of key events in the scientific, medical, and social history of polio Rarely seen photographs from the archives of the March of Dimes, providing a visual history of treatments for the disease

According to a recent study, as many as 1 in 91 school age children are somewhere on the Autism Spectrum. It's reached epidemic proportions Everyone seems to know someone who's affected by autism. It's no coincidence that so many of our kids on the spectrum also have various immune problems like allergies, asthma, and eczema to name a few. Many of them have bowel problems that cause toxins to accumulate in their bodies. When the toxins accumulate, the liver has to work harder to get rid of those toxins. Chronic ear infections and antibiotics seem to be another common problem. The use of antibiotics causes an overgrowth of yeast (candida) which causes all kinds of problems and symptoms. And it just snowballs from there. Our autistic kids are just more sensitive to the toxins in our environment - they're like environmental barometers of how truly toxic our environment has become. It is possible to overcome "Environmental" Autism. There are parents who have done it or are doing it. "Overcoming Autism: A Parent's Guide" is informative, compassionate, empathetic, and at times provides some much needed humor. It's written by a parent for parents and offers direction to parents of autistic children who are baffled by the lack of information and help mainstream medicine has to offer them to deal with autism. It provides helpful information based on hands-on experience with; early intervention, various therapeutic interventions, integrative medicine, the environmental connection, how autism affects the family, and how the author's son ultimately overcame many of his autistic disabilities. It also offers hope

"Break on Through: Surviving Autism" is a touching, enlightening, and highly entertaining memoir of a family's struggles with autism. It will take you on an emotional journey that will have you laughing out loud while also being moved to tears. This book is an invaluable resource for parents who are wrestling with this enigmatic disorder because it is packed with useful information and insights into the challenges that autism brings to a family.

As the mother of an eighteen-year-old son with autism, Constance Porter has gained wisdom over the years that she shares with other parents who are struggling with this difficult disorder. In Break on Through, she offers a great deal of no- nonsense information with lists of resources, book recommendations and useful websites that have given her and her family valuable information and hope over the years. Who better to help parents through the struggles and challenges that autism brings to a family than someone who has lived with it for eighteen years?

This volume presents articles from the leading experts in the field in nanobiotechnology, providing students and researchers with a comprehensive review of the newly emerging area of neuroscience.

All aspects of nanomaterials induced alteration in brain function are considered. Basic chapters on methods and ways to enhance nano-drug delivery into the brain are presented as well as chapters on functional and structural changes in the CNS, including gene expression and related issues. Particular attention is given to possible therapeutic advancement regarding nano-drug formulation and their role in neuroprotection.

Offering a new view and a fascinating understanding of coma states, this hope-filled work explains technology-driven insights and describes practices with which family members and caregivers can help promote recovery. Exciting scientific discoveries are validating what coma therapists Dr. Pierre Morin and Dr. Gary Reiss have been teaching for years: that coma patients' awareness is both detailed and complex, and their chances of significant recovery is much greater than previously thought. Inside Coma: A New View of Awareness, Healing, and Hope describes practical, body-centered ways of communicating with coma patients, showing family members and caregivers how to enter the patient's inner world of experience to engage their will and power to heal. Advocating for a new, ethical sensitivity that gives patients in remote and comatose states a right to exist, the authors explain the newest developments in the cutting-edge treatment of coma patients through a mind-body approach to medicine and healing, placing these developments in the context of the changing field of consciousness studies. They teach, challenge, and inspire readers to a new level of understanding, compassion, and intervention, offering basic tools with which health-care professionals and family members alike can begin this remarkably effective work. Heartwarming stories that engender genuine hope for professionals and families dealing with this most difficult area of treatment More than 20 relevant exercises that help the reader to understand the coma state and how to be most useful to the person in this state An appendix that expands on scientific and philosophical concepts introduced in the book and includes reference links A glossary of basic terms of process-oriented coma work and related medical terms A bibliography

Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants in Neurological Diseases provides an overview of oxidative stress in neurological diseases and associated conditions, including behavioral aspects and the potentially therapeutic usage of natural antioxidants in the diet. The processes within the science of oxidative stress are described in concert with other processes, such as apoptosis, cell signaling, and receptor mediated responses. This approach recognizes that diseases are often multifactorial and oxidative stress is a single component of this. The book examines basic processes of oxidative stress-from molecular biology to whole organs-relative to cellular defense systems, and across a range of neurological diseases. Sections discuss antioxidants in foods, including plants and components of the diet, examining the underlying mechanisms associated with therapeutic potential and clinical applications. Although some of this material is exploratory or preclinical, it can provide the framework for further in-depth analysis or studies via well-designed clinical trials or the analysis of pathways, mechanisms, and components in order to devise new therapeutic strategies. Very often oxidative stress is a feature of neurological disease and associated conditions which either centers on or around molecular and cellular processes. Oxidative stress can also arise due to nutritional imbalance during a spectrum of timeframes before the onset of disease or during its development.