Optimal Control for Chemical Engineers gives a detailed treatment of optimal control theory that enables readers to formulate and solve optimal control problems. With a strong emphasis on problem solving, the book provides all the necessary mathematical analyses and derivations of important results, including multiplier theorems and Pontryagin's principle. The text begins by introducing various examples of optimal control, such as batch distillation and chemotherapy, and the basic concepts of optimal control, including functionals and differentials. It then analyzes the notion of optimality, describes the ubiquitous Lagrange multipliers, and presents the celebrated Pontryagin principle of optimal control. Building on this foundation, the author examines different types of optimal control problems as well as the required conditions for optimality. He also describes important numerical methods and computational algorithms for solving a wide range of optimal control problems, including periodic processes. Through its lucid development of optimal control theory and computational algorithms, this self-contained book shows readers how to solve a variety of optimal control problems.

Good aging infrastructure management consists of optimizing the choice of equipment and its refurbishment while also making compatible changes in all those operating and ownership policies, the whole combination aimed at optimizing the business results the power system owner desires. Both a reference and tutorial guide, this second edition of Aging Power Delivery Infrastructures provides updated coverage of aging power delivery systems, the problems they cause, and the technical and managerial approaches that power systems owners can take to manage them. See What's New in the Second Edition: All chapters have been updated or are completely new Comprehensive discussions of all issues related to equipment aging Business impact analysis and models and engineering business studies of actual utility cases Strategy and policy issues and how to frame and customize them for specific situations This book looks at the basics of equipment aging and its system and business impacts on utilities. It covers various maintenance, service and retrofit methods available to mitigate age-related deterioration of equipment. It also presents numerous configuration and automation upgrades at the system level that can deal with higher portions of aging equipment in the system and still provide good service at a reasonable cost.

The development of renewable sources for electrical energy has become a mainstream focus in the field of electrical engineering. This book can be used by both engineers and researchers working to develop new electrical systems and investigate existing ones. Additionally, it can serve as a guide for undergraduate and graduate students during their study of electrical fields. The electrical devices that are used in renewable sources have complicated inner structures, and methods of computer simulation make the development of these systems easier and faster. Simulink, and its toolbox SimPowerSystems, is the most popular means for simulation of electrical systems. The topic of wind-generator (WG) systems simulation merits detailed consideration; therefore, this text covers an in-depth exploration of the simulation of WG systems, systems with batteries, photovoltaic systems, fuel elements, microturbines, and hydroelectric systems.

This new edition covers a wide area from transients in power systems-including the basic theory, analytical calculations, EMTP simulations, computations by numerical electromagnetic analysis methods, and field test results-to electromagnetic disturbances in the field on EMC and control engineering. Not only does it show how a transient on a single-phase line can be explained from a physical viewpoint, but it then explains how it can be solved analytically by an electric circuit theory. Approximate formulas, which can be calculated by a pocket calculator, are presented so that a transient can be analytically evaluated by a simple hand calculation. Since a real power line is three-phase, this book includes a theory that deals with a multi-phase line for practical application. In addition, methods for tackling a real transient in a power system are introduced. This new edition contains three completely revised and updated chapters, as well as two new chapters on grounding and numerical methods.

This book deals with the narratives of water to watt, which includes elementary conceptual design, modern planning, scheduling and monitoring systems, and extensive pre- and post-investigations pertaining to hydropower facilities. It also includes explorations to ensure aspects of dam safety evaluation, effective contract management, specialized construction management techniques, and preferred material and equipment handling systems. Special emphasis is placed upon health, safety, environmental, and risk management concepts. The book discusses a standard QA/QC system to measure and assure quality and an environmental impact assessment to reach the set target in the stipulated timeline within the approved budget. Key Features: Offers comprehensive coverage of hydro-structures and practical coverage from an industry perspective Helps readers understand complexity involved in large-scale interdisciplinary projects Provides good insights on building procedures, precautions, and project management Includes project planning, construction management and hydropower technology, QA/QC, HSE, and statutory requirements Illustrates how to integrate good constructability/buildability into good design for the best monetary value

Engineering technology development and implementation play an important role in making the industry more sustainable in an increasingly competitive world. This book covers significant recent developments in both fundamental and applied research in the engineering field. Domains of application include, but are not limited to, Intelligent Control Systems and Optimization, Signal Processing, Sensors, Systems Modeling and Control, Robotics and Automation, Industrial and Electric Engineering, Production and Management. This book is an excellent reference work to get up to date with the latest research and developments in the fields of Automation, Mechatronics and Industrial Engineering. It aims to provide a platform for researchers and professionals in all relevant fields to gain new ideas and establish great achievements in scientific development.

Power systems are increasingly collecting large amounts of data due to the expansion of the Internet of Things into power grids. In a smart grids scenario, a huge number of intelligent devices will be connected with almost no human intervention characterizing a machine-to-machine scenario, which is one of the pillars of the Internet of Things. The book characterizes and evaluates how the emerging growth of data in communications networks applied to smart grids will impact the grid efficiency and reliability. Additionally, this book discusses the various security concerns that become manifest with Big Data and expanded communications in power grids. Provide a general description and definition of big data, which has been gaining significant attention in the research community. Introduces a comprehensive overview of big data optimization methods in power system. Reviews the communication devices used in critical infrastructure, especially power systems; security methods available to vet the identity of devices; and general security threats in CI networks. Presents applications in power systems, such as power flow and protection. Reviews electricity theft concerns and the wide variety of data-driven techniques and applications developed for electricity theft detection.

The primary purpose of PV Systems Engineering is to provide a comprehensive set of PV knowledge and understanding tools for the design, installation, commissioning, inspection, and operation of PV systems. During recent years in the United States, more PV capacity was installed than any other electrical generation source. In addition to practical system information, this new edition includes explanation of the basic physical principles upon which the technology is based and a consideration of the environmental and economic impact of the technology. The material covers all phases of PV systems from basic sunlight parameters to system commissioning and simulation, as well as economic and environmental impact of PV. With homework problems included in each chapter and numerous design examples of real systems, the book provides the reader with consistent opportunities to apply the information to real-world scenarios.

Real-Time Simulation Technologies: Principles, Methodologies, and Applications is an edited compilation of work that explores fundamental concepts and basic techniques of real-time simulation for complex and diverse systems across a broad spectrum. Useful for both new entrants and experienced experts in the field, this book integrates coverage of detailed theory, acclaimed methodological approaches, entrenched technologies, and high-value applications of real-time simulation-all from the unique perspectives of renowned international contributors. Because it offers an accurate and otherwise unattainable assessment of how a system will behave over a particular time frame, real-time simulation is increasingly critical to the optimization of dynamic processes and adaptive systems in a variety of enterprises. These range in scope from the maintenance of the national power grid, to space exploration, to the development of virtual reality programs and cyber-physical systems. This book outlines how, for these and other undertakings, engineers must assimilate real-time data with computational tools for rapid decision making under uncertainty. Clarifying the central concepts behind real-time simulation tools and techniques, this one-of-a-kind resource: Discusses the state of the art, important challenges, and high-impact developments in simulation technologies Provides a basis for the study of real-time simulation as a fundamental and foundational technology Helps readers develop and refine principles that are applicable across a wide variety of application domains As science moves toward more advanced technologies, unconventional design approaches, and unproven regions of the design space, simulation tools are increasingly critical to successful design and operation of technical systems in a growing number of application domains. This must-have resource presents detailed coverage of real-time simulation for system design, parallel and distributed simulations, industry tools, and a large set of applications.

Most books on linear systems for undergraduates cover discrete and continuous systems material together in a single volume. Such books also include topics in discrete and continuous filter design, and discrete and continuous state-space representations. However, with this magnitude of coverage, the student typically gets a little of both discrete and continuous linear systems but not enough of either. Minimal coverage of discrete linear systems material is acceptable provided that there is ample coverage of continuous linear systems. On the other hand, minimal coverage of continuous linear systems does no justice to either of the two areas. Under the best of circumstances, a student needs a solid background in both these subjects. Continuous linear systems and discrete linear systems are broad topics and each merit a single book devoted to the respective subject matter. The objective of this set of two volumes is to present the needed material for each at the undergraduate level, and present the required material using MATLAB (R) (The MathWorks Inc.).

Edited by Takashi Yamaguchi, Mitsuo Hirate, and Chee Khiang Pang, with contributions from pioneers known for their ground-breaking work, High-Speed Precision Motion Control discusses high-precision and fast servo controls in hard disk drives (HDDs). The chapter authors describe the control technologies they've developed, most of which have already been successfully applied to mass production of HDDs. As the proposed methodologies have been verified on commercial HDDs at the very least, these advanced control technologies can also be readily applied to precision motion control of other mechatronic systems, e.g., scanners, micro-positioners, photocopiers, atomic force microscopes (AFMs), etc. Each self-contained chapter progresses from concept to technique and presents application examples in automotive, aerospace, aeronautical, and manufacturing engineering. The control technologies are categorized into high-speed servo control, precision control, and environment-friendly control, making it easy to find an appropriate control technology according to their domain of application. The book also makes MATLAB (R)/SIMULINK (R) codes for benchmark problems available for download. The control technologies described range from fundamental classical control theories to advanced topics such as multi-rate control. The content contains a healthy balance between materials from the contributor's research works and that in the wider literature. The resulting resource empowers engineers and managers with the knowledge and know-how to make important decisions and policies.

This book describes advanced research results on Modeling and Control designs for Fuel Cells and their hybrid energy systems. Filled with simulation examples and test results, it provides detailed discussions on Fuel Cell Modeling, Analysis, and Nonlinear control. Beginning with an introduction to Fuel Cells and Fuel Cell Power Systems, as well as the fundamentals of Fuel Cell Systems and their components, it then presents the Linear and Nonlinear modeling of Fuel Cell Dynamics. Typical approaches of Linear and Nonlinear Modeling and Control Design methods for Fuel Cells are also discussed. The authors explore the Simulink implementation of Fuel Cells, including the modeling of PEM Fuel Cells and Control Designs. They cover the applications of Fuel cells in vehicles, utility power systems, and stand-alone systems, which integrate Fuel Cells, Wind Power, and Solar Power. Mathematical preliminaries on Linear and Nonlinear Control are provided in an appendix.

Principles of Power Engineering Analysis presents the basic tools required to understand the components in an electric power transmission system. Classroom-tested at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, this text is the only up-to-date one available that covers power system analysis at the graduate level. The book explains from first principles the expressions that predict the performance of transmission systems and transformers. It then extends these concepts to balanced three-phase systems and unbalanced systems. The authors proceed to introduce symmetrical component analysis of transmission systems, three-phase transformers, and faulted systems. They also describe the design of untransposed transmission lines and discuss other analysis component systems, such as Clarke component networks. Despite the tremendous changes that have occurred in the electrical industry over the last forty years, the need for a fundamental understanding of power system analysis has not changed. Suitable for a one-semester course, this book develops the necessary concepts in depth and illustrates the application of three-phase electric power transmission.

This book examines the nature of emergence in context of man-made (i.e. engineered) systems, in general, and system of systems engineering applications, specifically. It investigates emergence to interrogate or explore the domain space from a modeling and simulation perspective to facilitate understanding, detection, classification, prediction, control, and visualization of the phenomenon. Written by leading international experts, the text is the first to address emergence from an engineering perspective. "System engineering has a long and proud tradition of establishing the integrative view of systems. The field, however, has not always embraced and assimilated well the lessons and implications from research on complex adaptive systems. As the editors' note, there have been no texts on Engineering Emergence: Principles and Applications. It is therefore especially useful to have this new, edited book that pulls together so many of the key elements, ranging from the theoretical to the practical, and tapping into advances in methods, tools, and ways to study system complexity. Drs. Rainey and Jamshidi are to be congratulated both for their vision of the book and their success in recruiting contributors with so much to say. Most notable, however, is that this is a book with engineering at its core. It uses modeling and simulation as the language in which to express principles and insights in ways that include tight thinking and rigor despite dealing with notably untidy and often surprising phenomena." - Paul K. Davis, RAND and Frederick S. Pardee RAND Graduate School The first chapter is an introduction and overview to the text. The book provides 12 chapters that have a theoretical foundation for this subject. Includes 7 specific example chapters of how various modeling and simulation paradigms/techniques can be used to investigate emergence in an engineering context to facilitate understanding, detection, classification, prediction, control and visualization of emergent behavior. The final chapter offers lessons learned and the proposed way-ahead for this discipline.

As global demands for energy and lower carbon emissions rise, developing systems of energy conversion and storage becomes necessary. This book explores how Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion (EESC) devices are promising advanced power systems that can directly convert chemical energy in fuel into power, and thereby aid in proposing a solution to the global energy crisis. The book focuses on high-temperature electrochemical devices that have a wide variety of existing and potential applications, including the creation of fuel cells for power generation, production of high-purity hydrogen by electrolysis, high-purity oxygen by membrane separation, and various high-temperature batteries. High-Temperature Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage: Fundamentals and Applications provides a comprehensive view of the new technologies in high-temperature electrochemistry. Written in a clear and detailed manner, it is suitable for developers, researchers, or students of any level.

This book instructs the reader on how to size a network's equipment and address requirements for fast-transient loads (kiloampere loads that last for several minutes). It explores specific calculations used to design equipment for plants. The chapters discuss economic design methods and dynamic-load requirements for electrical equipment. New motor thermal models are developed and power-cable thermal models are also covered. Furthermore, it presents universal plant-load breakdown.

Efficient and rational use of energy is one of the main challenges at present to develop a sustainable society. Long-term economic growth is only possible with the application of technological improvements in the use of energy. This book is discussing geotechnical systems with large potential for enhancing energy efficiency. Modern manufacturing processes are complex and make ever increasing demands on the use of energy. This work involves multidisciplinary collaboration and research on aspects of energy use in geotechnical systems. The work provides many practical examples and illustrative material and it effectively connects theoretical and practical aspects of efficiency improvement of geotechnical systems. Benefiting from authors' extensive experience in industry and academia it brings together comprehensive technical information on reducing energy consumption. It provides valuable information covering operation of mine equipment and installations and features some topics never previously published in geotechnical courses. The book is appropriate for students, researches, professionals and teachers interested in geotechnical systems and improving its efficiency. Field of knowledge - energy efficiency of geotechnical systems

In many developing countries the exponentially growing electricity demand can be covered by using locally available, sustainable low-enthalpy geothermal resources (80-150 DegreesC). Such low-enthalpy sources can make electricity generation more independent from oil imports or from the over-dependence on hydropower. Until now this huge energy resource has only been used by some developed countries like the USA, Iceland and New Zealand. The reason why low-enthalpy geothermal resources are not used for electricity generation is that there is still a misconception that low-enthalpy thermal fluids are fit only for direct application. The advancement of drilling technology, development of efficient heat exchangers and deployment of high sensitive binary fluids contribute to the useful application of this energy resource on a much wider scale. This book focuses on all aspects of low enthalpy geothermal thermal fluids. It will be an important source book for all scientists working on geothermal energy development. Specifically those involved in research in developing countries rich in such thermal resources, and for agencies involved in bilateral and international cooperation.

Power and Energy Engineering are important and pressing topics globally, covering issues such as shifting paradigms of energy generation and consumption, intelligent grids, green energy and environmental protection. The 11th Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC 2019) was held in Xiamen, China from April 19 to 21, 2019. APPEEC has been an annual conference since 2009 and has been successfully held in Wuhan (2009 & 2011), Chengdu (2010 & 2017), Shanghai (2012 & 2014), Beijing (2013 & 2015), Suzhou (2016) and Guilin (2018), China. The objective of APPEEC 2019 was to provide scientific and professional interactions for the advancement of the fields of power and energy engineering. APPEEC 2019 facilitated the exchange of insights and innovations between industry and academia. A group of excellent speakers have delivered keynote speeches on emerging technologies in the field of power and energy engineering. Attendees were given the opportunity to give oral and poster presentations and to interface with invited experts.

develops key concepts from scratch, including a brief review of control theory and modeling strategies for power electronic-based systems focuses on the LaunchPadTM F28069M board from Texas InstrumentsTM to provide the reader some basic programming strategies proposes several control problems in terms of power management of RL and RLC loads (e.g. DC-DC converters) and closed-loop control of DC motors examines control schemes as well as the working principles of power converter topologies needed to drive the systems under investigation includes exercises while presenting a processor-in-the loop (PIL) technique to emulate the dynamics of complex systems

Automatic generation control (AGC) is one of the most important control problems in the design and operation of interconnected power systems. Its significance continues to grow as a result of several factors: the changing structure and increasing size, complexity, and functionality of power systems, the rapid emergence (and uncertainty) of renewable energy sources, developments in power generation/consumption technologies, and environmental constraints. Delving into the fundamentals of power system AGC, Intelligent Automatic Generation Control explores ways to make the infrastructures of tomorrow smarter and more flexible. These frameworks must be able to handle complex multi-objective regulation optimization problems, and they must be highly diversified in terms of policies, control strategies, and wide distribution in demand and supply sources-all via an intelligent scheme. The core of such intelligent systems should be based on efficient, adaptable algorithms, advanced information technology, and fast communication devices to ensure that the AGC systems can maintain generation-load balance following serious disturbances. This book addresses several new schemes using intelligent control techniques for simultaneous minimization of system frequency deviation and tie-line power changes, which is required for successful operation of interconnected power systems. It also concentrates on physical and engineering aspects and examines several developed control strategies using real-time simulations. This reference will prove useful for engineers and operators in power system planning and operation, as well as academic researchers and students in field of electrical engineering.

Originally published in 1986, this book takes an inter-disciplinary approach to the options for energy in the future. Written in a clear, easy-to-read style, it proposes that future solutions should not be based solely on cost, given our plentiful energy resources, but on ecological, human and ethical considerations. The book features a quantittive review of energy sources, supported by numerous figures and tables, that includes such long-term solutions as nuclear fission and solar energy. The book allows engineers and students to easily weigh the pros and cons of all energy options to realistically plan for the future.

Fundamental to the control of mechatronic devices, the servomechanism applies feedback from the device in question to regulate its position, velocity, or some other physical attribute. Successful mastery of servo control requires an understanding of a wide range of engineering disciplines, making it difficult and time-consuming to master it all-and even harder to find an all-encompassing guide that shows you how. DC Servos: Application and Design with MATLAB (R) is designed and written with this problem in mind. It breaks down the practical knowledge required from the various branches of applied science-electrical and mechanical engineering, analog electronics, mechanics, control theory, digital electronics, embedded computing, and firmware design-into a cohesive and usable framework. Today, DC servos are working around the world in countless applications-CD players, ink-jet printers, robots, machining centers, vending machines, eyeglass manufacturing machines, home appliances, and automotive seat positioners, just to name a few. This book balances coverage of theoretical and practical aspects of application and design of DC servomechanisms. It also provides detailed coverage of feedback transducers, particularly the application of optical encoders to real systems. It covers how to use the MATLAB (R) Control System Toolbox specifically for servo design, to make the design process faster and more interactive. It also presents two complete, bench-tested reference designs that can be duplicated using readily available parts, so you can build your own servo and see it in action. Author Stephen M. Tobin is an expert in motion control and electro-optical instrumentation and a respected consultant in the medical device and manufacturing automation communities. In order to instill confidence in the engineers, scientists, students, and hobbyists designing the ever more complex machines of the 21st century, Tobin guides the reader on a short journey through "servo school," imparting his lifelong passion for motion control along the way.

The first edition of Quantitative Feedback Theory gained enormous popularity by successfully bridging the gap between theory and real-world engineering practice. Avoiding mathematical theorems, lemmas, proofs, and correlaries, it boiled down to the essential elements of quantitative feedback theory (QFT) necessary to readily analyze, develop, and implement robust control systems. Thoroughly updated and expanded, Quantitative Feedback Theory: Fundamentals and Applications, Second Edition continues to provide a platform for intelligent decision making and design based on knowledge of the characteristics and operating scenario of the plant. Beginning with the fundamentals, the authors build a background in analog and discrete-time multiple-input-single-output (MISO) and multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) feedback control systems along with the fundamentals of the QFT technique. The remainder of the book links these concepts to practical applications. Among the many enhancements to this edition are a new section on large wind turbine control system, four new chapters, and five new appendices. The new chapters cover non-diagonal compensator design for MIMO systems, QFT design involving Smith predictors for time delay systems with uncertainty, weighting matrices and control authority, and QFT design techniques applied to real-world industrial systems. Quantitative Feedback Theory: Fundamentals and Applications, Second Edition includes new and revised examples and end-of-chapter problems and offers a companion CD that supplies MIMO QFT computer-aided design (CAD) software. It is the perfect guide to effectively and intuitively implementing QFT control.

Induction Machines Handbook: Transients, Control Principles, Design and Testing presents a practical up-to-date treatment of intricate issues with induction machines (IM) required for design and testing in both rather constant- and variable-speed (with power electronics) drives. It contains ready-to-use industrial design and testing knowledge, with numerous case studies to facilitate a thorough assimilation of new knowledge. Individual Chapters 1 through 14 discuss in detail the following: Three- and multiphase IM transients Single-phase source IM transients Super-high-frequency models and behavior of IM Motor specifications and design principles IM design below 100 kW and constant V1 and f1 IM design above 100 kW and constant V1 and f1 IM design principles for variable speed Optimization design Single-phase IM design Three-phase IM generators Single-phase IM generators Linear induction motors Testing of three-phase IMs Single-phase IM testing Fully revised and amply updated to add the new knowledge of the last decade, this third edition includes special sections on Multiphase IM models for transients Doubly fed IMs models for transients Cage-rotor synchronized reluctance motors Cage-rotor PM synchronous motor Transient operation of self-excited induction generator Brushless doubly fed induction motor/generators Doubly fed induction generators with D.C. output Linear induction motor control with end effect Recent trends in IM testing with power electronics Cage-PM rotor line-start IM testing Linear induction motor (LIM) testing This up-to-date book discusses in detail the transients, control principles, and design and testing of various IMs for line-start and variable-speed applications in various topologies, with numerous case studies. It will be of direct assistance to academia and industry in conceiving, designing, fabricating, and testing IMs (for the future) of various industries, from home appliances, through robotics, e-transport, and renewable energy conversion.