Covers the fundamentals of power systems, including design, analysis, market structure, and economic operations Discusses performance of transmission lines with associated parameters, determination of performance, and load flow analysis Reviews residual generation/load imbalance as handled by the automatic generation control (AGC) Includes different advanced technologies like HTLS overhead conductor, XLPE Cable, vacuum/SF6 circuit breaker, solid state relays and others Explores practical aspects required for field level work like installation of cable network for power distribution purpose, types of earthing, and tariff mechanism

This book addresses the various risks associated with the transport of dangerous goods within a territory. The emphasis of the contributions is on methods and tools to reduce the vulnerability of both the environment and human society to accidents or malicious acts involving such transport. With topics ranging from game theory to governance principles, the authors together cover technical, legal, financial, and logistic aspects of this problem. The intended audience includes responsible persons in territorial organizations, managers of transport infrastructures, as well as students, teachers and researchers wishing to deepen their knowledge in this area.

Covers modeling, optimization and control of energy system, and data analysis, collected using SCADA system Uses system dynamics methodology (based on control systems theory) in addition to other modeling tools Focusses on energy and environmental issues Provides optimal operational planning and management of integrated electric power systems and smart grids Describes simulated planning and management of integrated national electric power systems using system dynamics

- Covers the state-of-the-art in hybrid power cycles for power generation with lower emission - Discusses ongoing research & development activities, challenges, constraints, and opportunities in both theoretical as well as application aspects of several hybrid technologies for power generation - Presents new energy storage technique - Contains exergoeconomic and environmental analysis for several hybrid configurations - Presents SOFC integrated blade cooled gas turbine hybrid power cycles

Most people in the world have either no access to electricity or a poor and unreliable supply, yet the importance of access to electricity cannot be overstated. This source book aims to provide practical help in gaining accessibility to electricity for those living in remote or rural communities as well as individual home owners and small businesses.;The book begins with a brief introduction to the national grid and then focuses on some of the possibilities for independent production of electricity in the quantities used by households, micro-enterprises and small communities: diesel generators; micro-hydro; wind energy; solar photovoltaic energy (PV); gasifiers; biogas; steam; and batteries. Descriptions of the technologies and their costs are given, as well as their different requirements in terms of inputs and skill requirements for installation and operation. Information and advice is given on using electricity; indications on how to calculate the size of technology needed; and how to choose appropriate appliances. The text contains case studies from developing countries, highlighting successful women's initiatives with these technologies.; The book is intended to provide resourc

Electric power systems are being transformed from older grid systems to smart grids across the globe. The goals of this transition are to address today's electric power issues, which include reducing carbon footprints, finding alternate sources of decaying fossil fuels, eradicating losses that occur in the current available systems, and introducing the latest information and communication technologies (ICT) for electric grids. The development of smart grid technology is advancing dramatically along with and in reaction to the continued growth of renewable energy technologies (especially wind and solar power), the growing popularity of electric vehicles, and the continuing huge demand for electricity. Smart Grid Systems: Modeling and Control advances the basic understanding of smart grids and focuses on recent technological advancements in the field. This book provides a comprehensive discussion from a number of experts and practitioners and describes the challenges and the future scope of the technologies related to smart grid. Key features: provides an overview of the smart grid, with its needs, benefits, challenges, existing structure, and possible future technologies discusses solar photovoltaic (PV) system modeling and control along with battery storage, an integral part of smart grids discusses control strategies for renewable energy systems, including solar PV, wind, and hybrid systems describes the inverter topologies adopted for integrating renewable power covers the basics of the energy storage system and the need for micro grids describes forecast techniques for renewable energy systems presents the basics and structure of the energy management system in smart grids, including advanced metering, various communication protocols, and the cyber security challenges explores electric vehicle technology and its interaction with smart grids

Exploring the interrelations between generalized metric spaces, lattice-ordered groups, and order statistics, the book contains a new algebraic approach to Signal Processing Theory. It describes mathematical concepts and results important in the development, analysis, and optimization of signal processing algorithms intended for various applications. The book offers a solution of large-scale Signal Processing Theory problems of increasing both signal processing efficiency under prior uncertainty conditions and signal processing rate that is provided by multiplication-free signal processing algorithms based on lattice-ordered group operations. From simple basic relationships to computer simulation, the text covers a wide range of new mathematical techniques essential for understanding the proposed signal processing algorithms developed for solving the following problems: signal parameter and spectral estimation, signal filtering, detection, classification, and resolution; array signal processing; demultiplexing and demodulation in multi-channel communication systems and multi-station networks; wavelet analysis of 1D/ 2D signals. Along with discussing mathematical aspects, each chapter presents examples illustrating operation of signal processing algorithms developed for various applications. The book helps readers understand relations between known classic and obtained results as well as recent research trends in Signal Processing Theory and its applications, providing all necessary mathematical background concerning lattice-ordered groups to prepare readers for independent work in the marked directions including more advanced research and development.

Focusses on development of low to moderate geothermal resources Introduces machine learning tools and artificial intelligence, as applied to geothermal energy Provides understanding of Geothermal Energy Resources and Enhanced Geothermal Systems Discusses possibility of Enhanced Geothermal System using spallation and laser drilling Includes stimulation methods (thermal, hydraulic, chemical, and explosive) and case studies

Continuous Signals and Systems with MATLAB (R) offers broad, detailed, and focused comprehensive coverage of continuous linear systems, based on basic mathematical principles. It presents many solved problems from various engineering disciplines using analytical tools as well as MATLAB. This book is intended primarily for undergraduate junior and senior electrical, mechanical, aeronautical, and aerospace engineering students. Practicing engineers will also find this book useful. This book is ideal for use in a one-semester course in continuous linear systems where the instructor can easily cover all of the chapters. Each chapter presents numerous examples that illustrate each concept. Most of the worked-out examples are first solved analytically, and then solved using MATLAB in a clear and understandable fashion. This book concentrates on explaining the subject matter with easy-to-follow mathematical development and numerous solved examples. The book covers traditional topics and includes an extensive coverage of state-space representation and analysis. The reader does not need to be fluent in MATLAB because the examples are presented in a self-explanatory way.

Maximizing reader insights into the current use of conventional energy sources (such as fossil fuels) in the generation of electricity in the European region, this book addresses several key issues including: potential ways European countries could expand their energy sector in the coming years; the impact on the climate, the level of energy reserves, different efficiency measures that could be adopted to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels in the generation of electricity, and current and future energy production and consumption trends, amongst other topics. Covering both how the use of fossil fuels for the generation of electricity can be reduced, and how to increase the current level of participation of those energy sources with a minimum negative impact on the environment in the energy balance of the different European countries, this book describes the main economic aspects related to the use of conventional energy sources for electricity generation and provides information on possible regional energy integration mechanisms and their potential impact on the generation of electricity. 'Electrical Energy Generation in Europe' is designed as a useful tool for government officials, energy experts, and the private and public power industry, among others, during the preparation of future energy plans and in the identification of the possible role that the different types of conventional energy sources available in the region could play in the production of electricity during the coming decades. The book is also suitable for use as teaching material in pre-graduated and post-graduate studies on the use of different types of conventional energy sources for electricity production within different European countries.

Presenting the work of prominent researchers working on smart grids and related fields around the world, Security and Privacy in Smart Grids identifies state-of-the-art approaches and novel technologies for smart grid communication and security. It investigates the fundamental aspects and applications of smart grid security and privacy and reports on the latest advances in the range of related areas-making it an ideal reference for students, researchers, and engineers in these fields. The book explains grid security development and deployment and introduces novel approaches for securing today's smart grids. Supplying an overview of recommendations for a technical smart grid infrastructure, the book describes how to minimize power consumption and utility expenditure in data centers. It also: Details the challenges of cybersecurity for smart grid communication infrastructures Covers the regulations and standards relevant to smart grid security Explains how to conduct vulnerability assessments for substation automation systems Considers smart grid automation, SCADA system security, and smart grid security in the last mile The book's chapters work together to provide you with a framework for implementing effective security through this growing system. Numerous figures, illustrations, graphs, and charts are included to aid in comprehension. With coverage that includes direct attacks, smart meters, and attacks via networks, this versatile reference presents actionable suggestions you can put to use immediately to prevent such attacks.

With the development of societies fossil energy is no longer the only energy resource, and increasing attention had been paid to alternative energy. Biomass is considered to be one of the alternatives due to efficiency and low cost. This book presents biomass pyrolysis behavior for three main components: Cellulose, Hemicellulose and Lignin, and discusses the influence of mineral salts , zeolite catalysts and metal oxide on their pyrolysis.

The insertion of communication networks in feedback control loops complicates analysis and synthesis of cyber-physical systems (CPSs), and network-induced uncertainties may degrade system control performance. Thus, this book researches networked delay compensation and event-triggered control approaches for a series of CPSs subject to network-induced uncertainties. The authors begin with an introduction to the concepts and challenges of CPSs, followed by an overview of networked control approaches and event-triggered control strategies in CPSs. Then, networked delay compensation and event-triggered control approaches are proposed for CPSs with network communication delay, data dropout, signal quantization, and event-triggered communication. More specifically, networked delay compensation approaches are proposed for linear/nonlinear networked controlled plants with time-varying and random network communication delays and data dropouts. To reduce computational burden and network communication loads in CPSs, event-triggered control, self-triggered control, co-design of event-triggered control and quantized control techniques, and event-triggered disturbance rejection control approaches are also presented. This book is an essential text for researchers and engineers interested in cybersecurity, networked control, and CPSs. It would also prove useful for graduate students in the fields of science, engineering, and computer science.

Thermo-fluid Dynamics of Two-Phase Flow, Second Edition is focused on the fundamental physics of two-phase flow. The authors present the detailed theoretical foundation of multi-phase flow thermo-fluid dynamics as they apply to: Nuclear reactor transient and accident analysis; Energy systems; Power generation systems; Chemical reactors and process systems; Space propulsion; Transport processes. This edition features updates on two-phase flow formulation and constitutive equations and CFD simulation codes such as FLUENT and CFX, new coverage of the lift force model, which is of particular significance for those working in the field of computational fluid dynamics, new equations and coverage of 1 dimensional drift flux models and a new chapter on porous media formulation.

This book presents selected articles from INDIA SMART GRID WEEK (ISGW 2017), which is the third edition of the Conference cum Exhibition on Smart Grids and Smart Cities, organized by India Smart Grid Forum from 07-10 March 2017 at Manekshaw Centre, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India. ISGF is a public private partnership initiative of the Ministry of Power, Govt. of India with the mandate of accelerating smart grid deployments across the country. This book gives current scenario updates of Indian power sector business. It also highlights various disruptive technologies for power sector business.

This book chronicles a few approaches to constructing biohybrid devices using photosynthetic protein complexes. Can the abundantly available solar energy be tapped to meet our rising energy demands using green and cheap active materials? Exploring nature's own tiny solar factories, the photosynthetic proteins could hold the key. Photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes found in plants and certain types of bacteria transduce sunlight into biologically useful forms of energy through a photochemical charge separation that has a 100% quantum efficiency. Getting the photoproteins to perform this efficient energy conversion reaction in a semi-artificial setup is central to developing biohybrid solar technologies, a promising green alternative to today's photovoltaics. This book looks into the existing challenges and opportunities in the field of biohybrid photovoltaics and provides a few prospective methods of enhancing the photocurrent and photovoltage in these devices. The book targets the readership of students, academics, and industrial practitioners who are interested in alternative solar technologies.

Electricity Pricing: Regulated, Deregulated and Smart Grid Systems presents proven methods for supplying uninterrupted, high-quality electrical power at a reasonable price to the consumer. Illustrating the evolution of the power market from a monopoly to an open access system, this essential text: Covers voltage stability analysis of longitudinal power supply systems using an artificial neural network (ANN) Explains how to improve performance using flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) and high-voltage direct current (HVDC) Takes into account operating constraints as well as generation cost, line overload, and congestion for expected and inadvertent loading stress Goes beyond FACTS and HVDC to provide multi-objective optimization algorithms for the deregulated power market Proposes the use of stochastic optimization techniques in the smart grid, preparing the reader for future development Electricity Pricing: Regulated, Deregulated and Smart Grid Systems offers practical solutions for improving stability, reliability, and efficiency in real-time systems while optimizing electricity cost.

The book intends to cover various problematic aspects of emerging smart computing and self-adapting technologies comprising of machine learning, artificial intelligence, deep learning, robotics, cloud computing, fog computing, data mining algorithms, including emerging intelligent and smart applications related to these research areas. Further coverage includes implementation of self-adaptation architecture for smart devices, self-adaptive models for smart cities and self-driven cars, decentralized self-adaptive computing at the edge networks, energy-aware AI-based systems, M2M networks, sensors, data analytics, algorithms and tools for engineering self-adaptive systems, and so forth. Acts as guide to Self-healing and Self-adaptation based fully automatic future technologies Discusses about Smart Computational abilities and self-adaptive systems Illustrates tools and techniques for data management and explains the need to apply, and data integration for improving efficiency of big data Exclusive chapter on the future of self-stabilizing and self-adaptive systems of systems Covers fields such as automation, robotics, medical sciences, biomedical and agricultural sciences, healthcare and so forth This book is aimed researchers and graduate students in machine learning, information technology, and artificial intelligence.

This book surveys state-of-the-art research on and developments in lithium-ion batteries for hybrid and electric vehicles. It summarizes their features in terms of performance, cost, service life, management, charging facilities, and safety. Vehicle electrification is now commonly accepted as a means of reducing fossil-fuels consumption and air pollution. At present, every electric vehicle on the road is powered by a lithium-ion battery. Currently, batteries based on lithium-ion technology are ranked first in terms of performance, reliability and safety. Though other systems, e.g., metal-air, lithium-sulphur, solid state, and aluminium-ion, are now being investigated, the lithium-ion system is likely to dominate for at least the next decade - which is why several manufacturers, e.g., Toyota, Nissan and Tesla, are chiefly focusing on this technology. Providing comprehensive information on lithium-ion batteries, the book includes contributions by the world's leading experts on Li-ion batteries and vehicles.

This book explores the part that electric vehicles can play in reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Further, it explains the impact of public support, technological advances, lower costs and better battery performance in making electric vehicles a viable alternative. The book begins by analyzing the international context of electric vehicles and how they are being developed in different countries, and by offering a forecast of the electricity demand they may create. It then discusses technological innovations in electric vehicle recharging systems. The book is concerned not only with the economic potential of electric vehicles, but also with environmental aspects; consequently, it examines the raw materials supply chain and performs a lifecycle assessment. The book concludes with a chapter on alternative energies in transport, which may also help to facilitate the energy transition. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for researchers, graduate students, policymakers and industry professionals interested in the energy transition and transport.

This book provides an in-depth analysis of investment problems pertaining to electric energy infrastructure, including both generation and transmission facilities. The analysis encompasses decision-making tools for expansion planning, reinforcement, and the selection and timing of investment options. In this regard, the book provides an up-to-date description of analytical tools to address challenging investment questions such as: How can we expand and/or reinforce our aging electricity transmission infrastructure? How can we expand the transmission network of a given region to integrate significant amounts of renewable generation? How can we expand generation facilities to achieve a low-carbon electricity production system? How can we expand the generation system while ensuring appropriate levels of flexibility to accommodate both demand-related and production-related uncertainties? How can we choose among alternative production facilities? What is the right time to invest in a given production or transmission facility? Written in a tutorial style and modular format, the book includes a wealth of illustrative examples to facilitate comprehension. It is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of electric energy systems, operations research, management science, and economics. Practitioners in the electric energy sector will also benefit from the concepts and techniques presented here.

This book presents a series of innovative technologies and research results on adaptive control of dynamic systems with quantization, uncertainty, and nonlinearity, including the theoretical success and practical development such as the approaches for stability analysis, the compensation of quantization, the treatment of subsystem interactions, and the improvement of system tracking and transient performance. Novel solutions by adopting backstepping design tools to a number of hotspots and challenging problems in the area of adaptive control are provided. In the first three chapters, the general design procedures and stability analysis of backstepping controllers and the basic descriptions and properties of quantizers are introduced as preliminary knowledge for this book. In the remainder of this book, adaptive control schemes are introduced to compensate for the effects of input quantization, state quantization, both input and state/output quantization for uncertain nonlinear systems and are applied to helicopter systems and DC Microgrid. Discussion remarks are provided in each chapter highlighting new approaches and contributions to emphasize the novelty of the presented design and analysis methods. Simulation results are also given in each chapter to show the effectiveness of these methods. This book is helpful to learn and understand the fundamental backstepping schemes for state feedback control and output feedback control. It can be used as a reference book or a textbook on adaptive quantized control for students with some background in feedback control systems. Researchers, graduate students, and engineers in the fields of control, information, and communication, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, computer science, and others will benefit from this book.

The field of electrochemistry is exploring beyond its basic principles to innovation. New Technologies for Electrochemical Applications presents advancements in electrochemical processes, materials, and technology for electrochemical power sources such as batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, hydrogen storage and solar cells. It also examines various environmental applications such as photo electrochemistry, photosynthesis, and coating. Organized to give readers an overview of the current field in electrochemical applications, this book features a historical timeline of advancements and chapters devoted to the topics of organic material and conducting polymers for electrochemical purposes. Established experts in the field detail state-of-the-art materials in biosensors, immunosensors, and electrochemical DNA. This edited reference is a valuable resource for graduate and post-graduate students, and researchers in disciplines such as chemistry, physics, electrical engineering and materials science.

The second of three volumes; this book covers both the City & Guilds and SCOTVEC courses for Electrical Installation work which leads to the award of approved electrician. This new edition has been completely re-written to accommodate the 16th Edition of the Wiring Regulations and also covers the recent legislation on electrical safety at work. It is aimed at second year students on City & Guilds and SCOTVEC electrical maintenance courses. The book will should prove to be very useful for anyone involved in industrial electrical maintenance. An ELBS/LPBB edition is available.

There are many books on advanced control for specialists, but not many present these topics for non-specialists. Assuming only a basic knowledge of automatic control and signals and systems, this second edition of Optimal and Robust Control offers a straightforward, self-contained handbook of advanced topics and tools in automatic control. The book deals with advanced automatic control techniques, paying particular attention to robustness-the ability to guarantee stability in the presence of uncertainty. It explains advanced techniques for handling uncertainty and optimizing the control loop. It also details analytical strategies for obtaining reduced order models. The authors then propose using the Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) technique as a unifying tool to solve many types of advanced control problems. Topics covered in the book include, LQR and H approaches Kalman and singular value decomposition Open-loop balancing and reduced order models Closed-loop balancing Positive-real systems, bounded-real systems, and imaginary-negative systems Criteria for stability control Time-delay systems This easy-to-read text presents the essential theoretical background and provides numerous examples and MATLAB (R) exercises to help the reader efficiently acquire new skills. Written for electrical, electronic, computer science, space, and automation engineers interested in automatic control, this book can also be used for self-study of for a one-semester course in robust control. This fully renewed second edition of the book also includes new fundamental topics such as Lyapunov functions for stability, variational calculus, formulation in terms of optimization problems of matrix algebraic equations, negative-imaginary systems, and time-delay systems.