The changing structure of the electric utility industry has had a significant impact on power system design and operation. In particular, the incorporation of flexible a.c. transmission system (FACTS) devices and high voltage direct current (HVDC) links into conventional computational programs presents new challenges in power system modelling. Responding to these changes, Computer Modelling of Electrical Power Systems, Second Edition presents modern analysis tools for the design and improvement of power system performance.
This fully revised and updated edition features:

• The incorporation of HVDC and FACTS devices in power flow and system stability with detailed descriptions of the relevant algorithms.
• Extensive coverage of the EMTP (electromagnetic transient program) method - a key development in power system simulation.
• The use and impact of personal computers in power system simulation, with emphasis on efficient computational techniques for interactive work.

Blade Element Rotor Theory This book presents an extension of the conventional blade element rotor theory to describe the dynamic properties of helicopter rotors. The presented theory focuses on the accurate mathematical determination of the forces and moments by which a rotor affects its rotorcraft at specified flight conditions and control positions. Analyzing the impact of a blade's non-uniform properties, the book covers blade twisting, the non-rectangular planform shape of a blade, and inhomogeneous airfoil along the blade. It discusses inhomogeneous induced airflow around a rotor disc in terms of the blade element rotor theory. This book also considers the impact of flapping hinge offset on the rotor's dynamic properties. Features * Focuses on a comprehensive description and accurate determination of the rotor's aerodynamic properties * Presents precise helicopter rotor properties with inhomogeneous aerodynamic properties of rotor blades * Considers inhomogeneous distribution of induced flow * Discusses a mathematical model of a main helicopter rotor for a helicopter flight simulator This book is intended for graduate students and researchers studying rotor dynamics and helicopter flight dynamics

Focusses on applications of expert systems for microgrid control Explores microgrid applications for power networks and applications of expert technologies Reviews design and development technologies related to renewable energy for a weak power network Discusses cybersecurity for microgrids Includes case studies related to actual developments and research

Controlling uncertain networked control system (NCS) with limited communication among subcomponents is a challenging task and event-based sampling helps resolve the issue. This book considers event-triggered scheme as a transmission protocol to negotiate information exchange in resilient control for NCS via a robust control algorithm to regulate the closed loop behavior of NCS in the presence of mismatched uncertainty with limited feedback information. It includes robust control algorithm for linear and nonlinear systems with verification. Features: Describes optimal control based robust control law for event-triggered systems. States results in terms of Theorems and Lemmas supported with detailed proofs. Presents the combination of network interconnected systems and robust control strategy. Includes algorithmic steps for precise understanding of the control technique. Covers detailed problem statement and proposed solutions along with numerical examples. This book aims at Senior undergraduate, Graduate students, and Researchers in Control Engineering, Robotics and Signal Processing.

This book discusses the major aspects of load flow, optimization, optimal load flow, and culminates in modern heuristic optimization techniques and evolutionary programming. In the deregulated environment, the economic provision of electrical power to consumers requires knowledge of maintaining a certain power quality and load flow. Many case studies and practical examples are included to emphasize real-world applications. The problems at the end of each chapter can be solved by hand calculations without having to use computer software. The appendices are devoted to calculations of line and cable constants, and solutions to the problems are included throughout the book.

Cogeneration can now turn up to 90% of the fuel burned into usable energy – compared to just 52% of the fuel typically burned in a local power plant and in a separate existing hot water heating system. The fifth edition of this comprehensive reference provides a wealth of information to assist you in evaluating the feasibility and potential benefits of cogeneration for your facility. Covered are recent regulatory developments and their impact, system selection and sizing, permitting requirements, operation and maintenance, financing, technology basics, micro turbines, absorption chillers, distributed generation, and numerous case histories. This new edition is updated with new material and comes with access to a useful program that can help determine the economic value of applying cogeneration for your clients’ benefit.

This book covers the analysis, modelling, planning, and design of airport landside access modes and their systems. It elaborates on the issues and related problems of airport landside accessibility in an innovative, comprehensive and systematic way. In addition to the general concept of accessibility, the book addresses the analysis and modelling of infrastructure-related, technological, operational, economic, social and environmental performance of road- and rail-based transport systems, as well as the core principles of their planning and design. The book provides guidelines on the modelling, planning, and design of airport landside access modes and their systems, which will contribute to the overall sustainable development of airports. Its main features are: presents a multidimensional examination of performance for specific airport landside access modes and their systems; pursues a qualitative and quantitative approach to developing performance indicators for estimating the sustainability of airport landside access modes and their systems; includes illustrative cases of airport landside accessibility, and numerical examples as exercises for assessing performance using the systems' indicators. As such, the book offers a valuable source of information for all practitioners involved in analysing, planning and designing more environmentally friendly airport access modes and systems, and who want to learn how to overcome the issues and problems surrounding landside accessibility. It will also benefit students studying the analysis and modelling of transportation systems, and researchers seeking to promote improved sustainability at airports.

The proceedings collect the latest research trends, methods and experimental results in the field of electrical and information technologies for rail transportation. The topics cover intelligent computing, information processing, communication technology, automatic control, and their applications in rail transportation etc. The proceedings can be a valuable reference work for researchers and graduate students working in rail transportation, electrical engineering and information technologies.

This book addresses the current development status of high-speed railways globally and analyzes their operational schemes and practices under emergent conditions. It covers methods and problem-solving philosophy with regard to complexity analysis, capacity evaluation, passenger-flow forecasts, operating strategies, passenger-flow allocation, resource allocation and supporting technologies in the context of serious accidents and adverse environmental influences on train operation and service organization of high-speed railways. The abnormal scenarios, emergent conditions, adverse events and corresponding theoretical and applicational solutions dealing with the train operation both in line and network scale are all from real-world cases related to and designed for Chinese high-speed railway network which is the largest in scale, the highest in complexity and the most difficult in tackling with the complex and diverse climate and geographical environment , and thus makes the book both theoretically rigorous and practically applicable. It not only helps readers consider the train and network interactions from the perspective of complexity science, but also provides them with a philosophical framework and approaches available to construct their own roadmap and problem-solving paradigms in their daily research or management. This book is suitable for researchers, postgraduates and managerial and engineering practitioners in railway-related fields, especially in high-speed railway operation and emergency management.

Kinetic Studies in GeO2/Ge System: A Retrospective from 2021 investigates reaction kinetics in GeO2/Ge systems, aiming to demonstrate the fundamentals of the GeO2/Ge interface and to give insight into the distinctive features and performance of Ge (germanium) applied to advanced complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) devices. This book first reviews the development of MOS technology and discusses the potentials of emerging Ge and the challenges facing it as a contentious channel material, once promising to replace Si (silicon) for advanced nodes. The study systematically analyzes the following aspects of GeO2/Ge stacks that will shed light on the characteristics and reaction principles of the system: GeO2/Ge degradation, Ge passivation techniques, desorption kinetics of GeO from GeO2/Ge, the relationship between GeO2 crystallization and GeO2/Ge interface reaction, and the oxidation kinetics of Ge. Based on findings from the intrinsic properties of GeO2/Ge, the author also compares it with prevalent SiO2/Si systems and demonstrates the essential differences between the two, contributing to quality control, process optimization, and technology advancements of GeO2/Ge. The book will be a useful reference for researchers, professionals, and students interested in electronic materials, condenser matter physics, microelectronic engineering, and semiconductors.

Transmission of Electrical Energy: Overhead Lines takes a computational approach through the use of the Alternative Transient Program (ATPdraw), which is a program of worldwide use. The number of exercises solved, including computer simulations with ATPdraw and source codes in MATLAB (R) make the work didactic and easy to assimilate, even for those readers new to the subject. The subjects presented throughout the text aims to make the reader understand and gain sufficient knowledge to analyze the operation of overhead transmission lines in a steady-state and in a transient state, besides carrying out an introductory project of a steady-state transmission line. The book can be used in both undergraduate and graduate courses in electrical engineering.

Smartwatch? Fitness tracker? Portable ECG? Smartphone? Posture monitor? Hearing aid? MP3 player? E-reader? Wireless headset? Hiking watch? Gaming headset? Sleep monitor? Laptop computer? Tablet? Indeed, a dizzying array of portable and wearable electronic devices is available to the modern consumer. Not surprisingly, as the number of devices an individual chooses to wear or carry increases so does the energy required to power those devices. Judging by the increasing popularity of portable power banks, waiting to recharge many of these devices using standard wall outlets is no longer a standard practice. Wearable Solar Cell Systems looks at the possibilities for supporting the energy demand of these devices without the need to return to the dreaded wall outlet for recharging. While crystalline silicon dominates world markets, second- or third-generation solar cell technologies may be more suitable to wearable systems. Array size, architecture, and management must also be chosen to best serve portable and wearable devices and harvest light energy from different light sources under a broad range of input conditions. This book is intended to serve a wide audience from students who desire a basic introduction to solar (photovoltaic) cell technology to professionals seeking a holistic picture of wearable solar cells and systems.

This work was developed based on the author's experience of more than 10 years working in research and industry in the areas of electrical drives and industrial automation. Seeking the connection between theory and its applications, the author presents a detailed conceptual description with lots of figures and illustrative examples that harmonize the theoretical approach with the practice. Composed of eleven chapters and three appendices, the book describes in a dynamic and didactic way the fundamental concepts related to the drives of electric machines. At the end of each chapter is a set of exercises to ease the fixation of the presented content.

Reducing power outage time to each customer is essential to the overall distribution reliability. This book provides the fundamentals of emergency operation using a graph-theoretic approach and exploration of the subsystem(s) that address the operational aspects of electrical fault occurrence to determine possible feeder reconfiguration. The localization of a faulted segment within a feeder involves remote-controlled normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) switches through supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) between radially energized, interconnected feeders. Topics cover: (1) Data extraction from geographic information systems (GIS), (2) Graph modeling of distribution feeders, (3) Programming for backward/forward sweeping unbalanced power flow, (4) Short circuit analysis and fault localization, (5) Fault isolation, temporary and full service restoration, (6) Outage management and crew coordination, (7) Trouble call tickets and escalation to search for fault, and (8) Emerging subject of distribution management systems (DMS). FEATURES *Novel and practical textbook that will help to understand distribution operation in graph theory *Show how to convert GIS coordinate datasets to graph and how to troubleshoot the geometry errors *Explain how to troubleshoot power flow divergence due to the bad metering datasets and allocation factor (AF) for each load within primary and secondary networks *Similar platform as DMS environment, but the graduate students have their hands-on experience to implement the applications in the MATLAB environment *Detailed modeling in graph theory of distribution feeders and possible reconfiguration to locate power outage

This book provides coverage of generation, effects, and control of harmonics, including interharmonics and measurements, measurements and estimation of harmonics, harmonic resonance and limitations, according to standards. It serves as a practical guide to undergraduate and graduate students, as well as practicing engineers on harmonics. The concepts of modeling filter designs and harmonic penetrations (propagations) in industrial systems, distribution, and transmission systems are amply covered with the application of SVCs and FACTS controllers. Harmonic analysis in wind and solar generating plants are also discussed. Many case studies and practical examples are included to emphasize real-world applications. The appendices are devoted to Fourier analysis, pertinent to harmonic analysis, and solutions to the problems included throughout the book.

This is the first book to offer a complete spectrum of the role that operations research has played and can play in the improvement of North American freight railroads. It explores how decisions are made at railroads, contains examples of the mathematical programming formulations to the complex problems, and provides insights into real-world applications. The handbook is divided into eleven chapters, covering topics including scheduling problems, empty railcar distribution, and intermodal rail. These topics have been specifically selected to offer a thorough examination of the application of operations research at freight railroads. The chapters are written by recognized award-winning scholars and practitioners with a deep knowledge and understanding of their specific topics. The Handbook of Operations Research Applications at Railroads is an ideal resource for academics, experienced researchers, and consultants in the field.

Microgrids offers a complete discussion and details about microgrids and their applications, including modeling of AC/DC and hybrid grids in a tied mode with simulation for the solar systems, wind turbines, biomass and fuel cells, and deployment issues. The data communications and control mechanism implementations are analyzed for proper coordination of the AC/DC microgrid. The various real-time applications and future development of the microgrid are also discussed in this book, with MATLAB (R)-based simulations and results. This book: Discusses the fundamentals of microgrids, the components of microgrids, the modeling of renewable energy sources, and the implementation of microgrids. Explores AC and DC microgrid modeling with real-time examples. Examines the effective extraction of energy from renewable energy sources. Covers analysis of data communications and control-mechanism implementations. Includes HOMER/MATLAB (R)-based simulations and results on microgrids. This book would be a welcome addition to the libraries of researchers, senior undergraduate students, and graduate students in power and electrical engineering, especially those working with smart and microgrids.

This book presents selected papers from the 4th Conference of the Transportation Research Group of India. It provides a comprehensive analysis of themes spanning the field of transportation encompassing economics, financial management, social equity, green technologies, operations research, big data analysis, econometrics and structural mechanics. This volume will be of interest to researchers, educators, practitioners, managers, and policy-makers world-wide.

This book highlights selected papers presented during the bi-annual World Renewable Energy Network's 2019 Med Green Forum. This international forum highlights the importance of growing renewable energy applications in two main sectors: Electricity Generation and Sustainable Building. The papers highlight the most current research and technological breakthroughs illustrating the viability of using renewable energy to satisfy energy needs. Coverage includes a broad range of renewable energy technologies and applications in all sectors - electricity production, heating and cooling, agricultural applications, water desalination, industrial applications, and transport. Presents leading-edge research in green building, sustainable architecture, and renewable energy; Covers a broad range of renewable energy technologies and applications in all sectors; Contains case studies and examples to enhance practical application of the technologies presented.

Materials for Energy offers a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in materials for efficient and sustainable energy applications, including energy conversion, storage, and smart applications. Discusses a wide range of material types, such as nanomaterials, carbonaceous electrocatalysts and electrolytes, thin films, phase change materials, 2D energy materials, triboelectric materials, and membrane materials Describes applications that include flexible energy storage devices, sensors, energy storage batteries, fuel and solar cells, photocatalytic wastewater treatment, and more Highlights current developments in energy conversion, storage, and applications from a materials angle Aimed at researchers, engineers, and technologists working to solve alternative energy issues, this work illustrates the state of the art and latest technologies in this important field.

Covers the fundamentals of power systems, including design, analysis, market structure, and economic operations Discusses performance of transmission lines with associated parameters, determination of performance, and load flow analysis Reviews residual generation/load imbalance as handled by the automatic generation control (AGC) Includes different advanced technologies like HTLS overhead conductor, XLPE Cable, vacuum/SF6 circuit breaker, solid state relays and others Explores practical aspects required for field level work like installation of cable network for power distribution purpose, types of earthing, and tariff mechanism

This book addresses the various risks associated with the transport of dangerous goods within a territory. The emphasis of the contributions is on methods and tools to reduce the vulnerability of both the environment and human society to accidents or malicious acts involving such transport. With topics ranging from game theory to governance principles, the authors together cover technical, legal, financial, and logistic aspects of this problem. The intended audience includes responsible persons in territorial organizations, managers of transport infrastructures, as well as students, teachers and researchers wishing to deepen their knowledge in this area.

Covers modeling, optimization and control of energy system, and data analysis, collected using SCADA system Uses system dynamics methodology (based on control systems theory) in addition to other modeling tools Focusses on energy and environmental issues Provides optimal operational planning and management of integrated electric power systems and smart grids Describes simulated planning and management of integrated national electric power systems using system dynamics

- Covers the state-of-the-art in hybrid power cycles for power generation with lower emission - Discusses ongoing research & development activities, challenges, constraints, and opportunities in both theoretical as well as application aspects of several hybrid technologies for power generation - Presents new energy storage technique - Contains exergoeconomic and environmental analysis for several hybrid configurations - Presents SOFC integrated blade cooled gas turbine hybrid power cycles

Most people in the world have either no access to electricity or a poor and unreliable supply, yet the importance of access to electricity cannot be overstated. This source book aims to provide practical help in gaining accessibility to electricity for those living in remote or rural communities as well as individual home owners and small businesses.;The book begins with a brief introduction to the national grid and then focuses on some of the possibilities for independent production of electricity in the quantities used by households, micro-enterprises and small communities: diesel generators; micro-hydro; wind energy; solar photovoltaic energy (PV); gasifiers; biogas; steam; and batteries. Descriptions of the technologies and their costs are given, as well as their different requirements in terms of inputs and skill requirements for installation and operation. Information and advice is given on using electricity; indications on how to calculate the size of technology needed; and how to choose appropriate appliances. The text contains case studies from developing countries, highlighting successful women's initiatives with these technologies.; The book is intended to provide resourc