Chemometrics and Chemoinformatics gives chemists and other scientists an introduction to the field of chemometrics and chemoinformatics. Chemometrics is an approach to analytical chemistry based on the idea of indirect observation. Measurements related to the chemical composition of a substance are taken, and the value of a property of interest is inferred from them through some mathematical relation. Basically, chemometrics is a process. Measurements are made, data is collected, and information is obtained to periodically assess and acquire knowledge. This, in turn, has led to a new approach for solving scientific problems: (1) measure a phenomenon or process using chemical instrumentation that generates data inexpensively, (2) analyze the multivariate data, (3) iterate if necessary, (4) create and test the model, and (5) develop fundamental multivariate understanding of the process. Chemoinformatics is a subfield of chemometrics, which encompasses the analysis, visualization, and use of chemical structural information as a surrogate variable for other data or information. The boundaries of chemoinformatics have not yet been defined. Only recently has this term been coined. Chemoinformatics takes advantage of techniques from many disciplines such as molecular modeling, chemical information, and computational chemistry. The reason for the interest in chemoinformatics is the development of experimental techniques such as combinatorial chemistry and high-throughput screening, which require a chemist to analyze unprecedented volumes of data. Access to appropriate algorithms is crucial if such experimental techniques are to be effectively exploited for discovery. Many chemists want to use chemoinformatic methods in their work but lack the knowledge required to decide which techniques are the most appropriate.

The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) radio telescope is set to become the largest telescope on Earth, and also the largest science project in Africa. From September 2011 to August 2012, the SKA featured regularly in the South African media. In The Stars in Our Eyes, author Michael Gastrow dissects the representation of the SKA in the South African media in the period under discussion. Who were the main actors in this unfolding narrative? Who held the stage and who were marginalised? Where did gatekeeping occur and why? What was the relationship between journalists and scientists? How did the story unfold in the social media as opposed to the print media? Drawing on mass communication theory and science communication theory, The Stars in Our Eyes: Representations of the Square kilometre Array Telescope in the South African Media addresses critical gaps in the literature on science communication, particularly with respect to science communication in an African context.

Three-fourths of scientific research in the United States is funded by special interests. Many of these groups have specific practical goals, such as developing pharmaceuticals or establishing that a pollutant causes only minimal harm. For groups with financial conflicts of interest, their scientific findings often can be deeply flawed.
To uncover and assess these scientific flaws, award-winning biologist and philosopher of science Kristin Shrader-Frechette uses the analytical tools of classic philosophy of science. She identifies and evaluates the concepts, data, inferences, methods, models, and conclusions of science tainted by the influence of special interests. As a result, she challenges accepted scientific findings regarding risks such as chemical toxins and carcinogens, ionizing radiation, pesticides, hazardous-waste disposal, development of environmentally sensitive lands, threats to endangered species, and less-protective standards for workplace-pollution exposure. In so doing, she dissects the science on which many contemporary scientific controversies turn. Demonstrating and advocating "liberation science," she shows how practical, logical, methodological, and ethical evaluations of science can both improve its quality and credibility -- and protect people from harm caused by flawed science, such as underestimates of cancers caused by bovine growth hormones, cell phones, fracking, or high-voltage wires.
This book is both an in-depth look at the unreliable scientific findings at the root of contemporary debates in biochemistry, ecology, economics, hydrogeology, physics, and zoology -- and a call to action for scientists, philosophers of science, and all citizens.

Tools of Chemistry Education Research meets the current need for information on more in-depth resources for those interested in doing chemistry education research. Renowned chemists Diane M. Bunce and Renee S. Cole present this volume as a continuation of the dialogue started in their previous work, Nuts and Bolts of Chemical Education Research. With both volumes, new and experienced researchers will now have a place to start as they consider new research projects in chemistry education. Tools of Chemistry Education Research brings together a group of talented researchers to share their insights and expertise with the broader community. The volume features the contributions of both early career and more established chemistry education researchers, so as to promote the growth and expansion of chemistry education. Drawing on the expertise and insights of junior faculty and more experienced researchers, each author offers unique insights that promise to benefit other practitioners in chemistry education research.

For modern scientists, history often starts with last week's journals and is regarded as largely a quaint interest compared with the advances of today. However, this book makes the case that, measured by major advances, the greatest decade in the history of brain studies was mid-twentieth century, especially the 1950s. The first to focus on worldwide contributions in this period, the book ranges through dozens of astonishing discoveries at all levels of the brain, from DNA (Watson and Crick), through growth factors (Hamburger and Levi-Montalcini), excitability (Hodgkin and Huxley), synapses (Katz and Eccles), dopamine and Parkinson's (Carlsson), visual processing (Hartline and Kuffler), the cortical column (Mountcastle), reticular activating system (Morruzzi and Magoun) and REM sleep (Aserinsky), to stress (Selye), learning (Hebb) and memory (HM and Milner). The clinical fields are also covered, from Cushing and Penfield, psychosurgery and brain energy metabolism (Kety), to most of the major psychoactive drugs in use today (beginning with Delay and Deniker), and much more.
The material has been the basis for a highly successful advanced undergraduate and graduate course at Yale, with the classic papers organized and accessible on the web. There is interest for a wide range of readers, academic, and lay because there is a focus on the creative process itself, on understanding how the combination of unique personalities, innovative hypotheses, and new methods led to the advances. Insight is given into this process through describing the struggles between male and female, student and mentor, academic and private sector, and the roles of chance and persistence. The book thus provides a new multidisciplinary understanding of the revolution that created the modern field of neuroscience and set the bar for judging current and future advances.

This book is about pleasure. It's also about pain. Most important, it's about how to find the delicate balance between the two, and why now more than ever finding balance is essential.

We're living in a time of unprecedented access to high-reward, high-dopamine stimuli: drugs, food, news, gambling, shopping, gaming, texting, sexting, Facebooking, Instagramming, YouTubing, tweeting... The increased numbers, variety, and potency is staggering. The smartphone is the modern-day hypodermic needle, delivering digital dopamine 24/7 for a wired generation. As such we've all become vulnerable to compulsive overconsumption.

In Dopamine Nation, Dr. Anna Lembke, psychiatrist and author, explores the exciting new scientific discoveries that explain why the relentless pursuit of pleasure leads to pain...and what to do about it. Condensing complex neuroscience into easy-to-understand metaphors, Lembke illustrates how finding contentment and connectedness means keeping dopamine in check. The lived experiences of her patients are the gripping fabric of her narrative. Their riveting stories of suffering and redemption give us all hope for managing our consumption and transforming our lives. In essence, Dopamine Nation shows that the secret to finding balance is combining the science of desire with the wisdom of recovery.

Biomedical ethics is a burgeoning academic field with complex and far-reaching consequences. Whereas in Western secular bioethics this subject falls within larger ethical theories and applications (utilitarianism, deontology, teleology, and the like), Islamic biomedical ethics has yet to find its natural academic home in Islamic studies.
In this pioneering work, Abdulaziz Sachedina - a scholar with life-long academic training in Islamic law - relates classic Muslim religious values to the new ethical challenges that arise from medical research and practice. He depends on Muslim legal theory, but then looks deeper than juridical practice to search for the underlying reasons that determine the rightness or wrongness of a particular action. Drawing on the work of diverse Muslim theologians, he outlines a form of moral reasoning that can derive and produce decisions that underscore the spirit of the Shari'a. These decisions, he argues, still leave room to revisit earlier decisions and formulate new ones, which in turn need not be understood as absolute or final. After laying out this methodology, he applies it to a series of ethical questions surrounding the human life-cycle from birth to death, including such issues as abortion, euthanasia, and organ donation.
The implications of Sachedina's work are broad. His writing is unique in that it aims at conversing with Jewish and Christian ethics, moving beyond the Islamic fatwa literature to search for a common language of moral justification and legitimization among the followers of the Abrahamic traditions. He argues that Islamic theological ethics be organically connected with the legal tradition of Islam to enable it to sit in dialogue with secular and scripture-based bioethics in other faith communities. A breakthrough in Islamic bioethical studies, this volume is welcome and long-overdue reading for anyone interested in facing the difficult questions posed by modern medicine not only to the Muslim faithful but to the ethically-minded at large.

Learn everything you need to know about Calculus and practice your reasoning and practical skills with a high-end textbook suitable for a wide range of course levels. Calculus: A Complete Course, 10th Edition by Robert Adams and Christopher Essex is the ultimate guide written by two leading authors in the field that continues to build its solid core following the successful pattern of its previous editions. With its reader-friendly language, the textbook holds a reputation for excellent accuracy and mathematical rigour, offering you study material suitable to cover a standard semester course, as well as high-end content that will help you further explore some of the unique topics and approaches in the landscape of Mathematics. Adding important, but overlooked topics while clarifying old ones, this edition will help you develop and practice your reasoning skills and apply techniques you have learned to concrete situations. Some of the topics this edition explores include: Sufficient conditions for maxima and minima in higher dimensions: this is the only mainstream textbook that covers the topic sufficiently. The fuzzy topic of metrics: the text explores and addresses any issues and questions, leading to new gateway topics, including spherical geometry (as in navigation) and special relativity, which emerge rather effortlessly once the metric concept is in place properly. Computers and mathematics through Maple and now Python: there is no other Calculus book that deals better with the topic while treating unique but important applications from information theory to Levy distributions. With a wide variety of exercises and useful features to support your learning, this unique edition continues to aspire to the definition of its subtitle of "A Complete Course." Also available with MyLab (R) Math MyLab is the teaching and learning platform that empowers you to reach every student. By combining trusted author content with digital tools and a flexible platform, MyLabMath personalises the learning experience and improves results for each student. If you would like to purchase both the physical text and MyLab (R) Math, search for: 9780135732595 Calculus: A Complete Course, 10th Edition plus MyLab Math with Pearson eText -- Access Card Package Package consists of: 9780135732588 Calculus: A Complete Course, 10th Edition 9780135732526 Calculus: A Complete Course, 10th Edition MyLab (R) Math -- Standalone Access Card MyLab (R) Math is not included. Students, if MyLab is a recommended/mandatory component of the course, please ask your instructor for the correct ISBN. MyLab should only be purchased when required by an instructor. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information.

Since their discovery, disinfection by-products (DBPs) have become one of the major driving forces in drinking water regulations, research and water utility operations throughout the world. The list of DBPs that can occur in treated drinking waters has grown from a few trihalomethanes to a long list of halogenated and non-halogenated organic or inorganic compounds. This list is expected to continue to grow as the analytical techniques are improved, as more information on their toxicity is developed, and as more occurrence studies are conducted. This book documents the latest DBP research findings, including emerging issues and state-of-the-art studies. Specifically, papers on the occurrence, formation, control, and health effects of emerging (unregulated) halogenated (e.g., brominated) and nonhalogenated (e.g., nitrosamines) DBPs (e.g., emerging nitrogenous vs. regulated carbonaceous DBPs) are presented. In addition to the characterization and reactivity of natural organic matter to form DBPs, new studies on algal organic matter and treated wastewater as sources of DBPs and their precursors are discussed.

The Arctic Tundra and adjacent Boreal Forest or Taiga support the most cold-adapted flora and fauna on Earth. The evolutionary capacity of both plants and animals to adapt to these thermally limiting conditions has always attracted biological investigation and is a central theme of this book. How the polar biota will adapt to a warmer world is creating significant and renewed interest in this habitat. The Arctic has always been subject to climatic fluctuation and the polar biota has successfully adapted to these changes throughout its evolutionary history. Whether or not climatic warming will allow the Boreal Forest to advance onto the treeless Tundra is one of the most tantalizing questions that can be asked today in relation to terrestrial polar biology. Tundra-Taiga Biology provides a circum-polar perspective of adaptation to low temperatures and short growing seasons, together with a history of climatic variation as it has affected the evolution of terrestrial life in the Tundra and the adjacent forested Taiga. It will appeal to researchers new to the field and to the many students, professional ecologists and conservation practitioners requiring a concise but authoritative overview of the biome. Its accessibility also makes it suitable for undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in tundra, taiga, and arctic ecology.

Following Ionic Liquids: Industrial Applications to Green Chemistry, SS #818, by the same editors, this book focuses on exciting new developments in ionic liquids.

Beekeeping is a sixteen-billion-dollar-a-year business. But the invaluable honey bee now faces severe threats from diseases, mites, pesticides, and overwork, not to mention the mysterious Colony Collapse Disorder, which causes seemingly healthy bees to abandon their hives en masse, never to return.
In The Quest for the Perfect Hive, entomologist Gene Kritsky offers a concise, beautifully illustrated history of beekeeping, tracing the evolution of hive design from ancient Egypt to the present. Not simply a descriptive account, the book suggests that beekeeping's long history may in fact contain clues to help beekeepers fight the decline in honey bee numbers. Kritsky guides us through the progression from early mud-based horizontal hives to the ascent of the simple straw skep (the inverted basket which has been in use for over 1,500 years), from hive design's Golden Age in Victorian England up through the present. He discusses what worked, what did not, and what we have forgotten about past hives that might help counter the menace to beekeeping today. Indeed, while we have sequenced the honey bee genome and advanced our knowledge of the insects themselves, we still keep our bees in hives that have changed little during the past century. If beekeeping is to survive, Kritsky argues, we must start inventing again. We must find the perfect hive for our times.
For thousands of years, the honey bee has been a vital part of human culture. The Quest for the Perfect Hive not only offers a colorful account of this long history, but also provides a guide for ensuring its continuation into the future.

Because of their vital role in the emergence of humanity, tools and their uses have been the focus of considerable worldwide study. This volume brings together international research on the use of tools among primates and both prehistoric and modern humans. The book represents leading work being done by specialists in anatomy, neurobiology, prehistory, ethnology, and primatology. Whether composed of stone, wood, or metal, tools are a prolongation of the arm that acquire precision through direction by the brain. The same movement, for example, may have been practiced by apes and humans, but the resulting action varies according to the extended use of the tool. It is therefore necessary, as the contributors here make clear, to understand the origin of tools, and also to describe the techniques involved in their manipulation, and the possible uses of unknown implements. Comparison of the techniques of chimpanzees with those of prehistoric and modern peoples has made it possible to appreciate the common aspects and to identify the differences. The transmission of ability has also been studied in the various relevant societies: chimpanzees in their natural habitat and in captivity, hunter-gatherers, and workmen in prehistoric and in modern times. In drawing together much valuable research, this work will be an important and timely resource for social and behavioral psychologists, anthropologists, paleontologists, and animal behaviorists.

Developed for the new International A Level specification, these new resources are specifically designed for international students, with a strong focus on progression, recognition and transferable skills, allowing learning in a local context to a global standard. Recognised by universities worldwide and fully comparable to UK reformed GCE A levels. Supports a modular approach, in line with the specification. Appropriate international content puts learning in a real-world context, to a global standard, making it engaging and relevant for all learners. Reviewed by a language specialist to ensure materials are written in a clear and accessible style. The embedded transferable skills, needed for progression to higher education and employment, are signposted so students understand what skills they are developing and therefore go on to use these skills more effectively in the future. Exam practice provides opportunities to assess understanding and progress, so students can make the best progress they can.

Understand the phases of the moon, learn to navigate by the North Star and discover how to travel through space and time from your own window in this book which uncovers how humankind has its history woven into the constellations that light up our skies. Written by NASA science writer Noelia González and fully illustrated by Sara Boccaccini Meadows, this is the perfect introduction to the night sky for families everywhere.

The UK's most trusted A level Mathematics resources With over 900,000 copies sold (plus 1.3 million copies sold of the previous edition), Pearson's own resources for Pearson Edexcel are the market-leading and most trusted for AS and A level Mathematics. This book can be used alongside the Year 1 book to cover all the content needed for the compulsory Edexcel A level Core Pure Mathematics exams Enhanced focus on problem-solving and modelling, as well as supporting the large data set and calculators Packed with worked examples with guidance, lots of exam-style questions, practice papers, and plenty of mixed and review exercises Full worked solutions to every question available free and online for quick and easy access. Plus free additional online content with GeoGebra interactives and Casio calculator tutorials Practice books also available offering the most comprehensive and flexible AS/A level Maths practice with over 2000 extra questions Includes access to an online digital edition (valid for 3 years once activated) Pearson Edexcel A level Further Mathematics Core Pure Mathematics Book 2 Textbook + e-book matches the Pearson Edexcel exam structure and is fully integrated with Pearson Edexcel's interactive scheme of work. All of the books in this series focus on problem-solving and modelling, as well as supporting the large data set and calculators. They are packed with worked examples with guidance, lots of exam-style questions, practice papers, and plenty of mixed and review exercises. There are full worked solutions to every question available free and online for quick and easy access. You will also have access to lots of free additional online content with GeoGebra interactives and Casio calculator tutorials. There are separate Pure and Applied textbooks for AS and A level Maths, and a textbook per option for AS and A level Further Maths. Practice books are also available offering the most comprehensive and flexible AS/A level Maths practice with over 2000 extra questions. Pearson's revision resources are the smart choice for those revising for Pearson Edexcel AS and A level Mathematics - there is a Revision Workbook for exam practice and a Revision Guide for classroom and independent study. Practice Papers Plus+ books contain additional full length practice papers, so you can practice answering questions by writing straight into the book and perfect your responses with targeted hints, guidance and support for every question, including fully worked solutions.

In the later part of the 20th century, the United States experienced a remarkable surge in public interest toward medicinal and aromatic crops and this trend continues. This consumer interest helped create a significant demand for plants with culinary and medicinal applications as the public discovers their benefits for a wide range of applications. Consequently, this consumer call has generated a huge demand on farmers, but has also provided opportunities for new agricultural crops to support both fresh and dry raw material markets. Processing raw materials for end use by consumers introduces even more variables at all levels from harvesting to final desired product. Maintaining quality and authenticity throughout this process has inspired farmers, processing facilities, and regulatory agencies to adopt new practices and new laws to maintain safety and quality. Maintaining this quality and authenticity is often made possible using analytical methods for quality control, which subsequently triggered a demand for both regulatory agencies and scientists throughout the world. For aforementioned reasons, it is imperative that scientists continue to explore related topics from the field to the final consumer product. This book touches on many of the issues currently being addressed by scientists working to produce the desired consumer product while maintaining authenticity and quality and environmental stewardship.

This textbook offers an accessible, modern introduction at undergraduate level to an area known variously as general topology, point-set topology or analytic topology with a particular focus on helping students to build theory for themselves. It is the result of several years of the authors' combined university teaching experience stimulated by sustained interest in advanced mathematical thinking and learning, alongside established research careers in analytic topology. Point-set topology is a discipline that needs relatively little background knowledge, but sufficient determination to grasp ideas precisely and to argue with straight and careful logic. Research and long experience in undergraduate mathematics education suggests that an optimal way to learn such a subject is to teach it to yourself, pro-actively, by guided reading of brief skeleton notes and by doing your own spadework to fill in the details and to flesh out the examples. This text will facilitate such an approach for those learners who opt to do it this way and for those instructors who would like to encourage this so-called 'Moore approach', even for a modest segment of the teaching term or for part of the class. In reality, most students simply do not have the combination of time, background and motivation needed to implement such a plan fully. The accessibility, flexibility and completeness of this text enable it to be used equally effectively for more conventional instructor-led courses. Critically, it furnishes a rich variety of exercises and examples, many of which have specimen solutions, through which to gain in confidence and competence.

This manual provides an easy guide to pain management for the veterinary practitioner. Beginning with pain terminology, it goes on to describe to physiology of pain, management strategies, various drugs and techniques, and the management of specific conditions and procedures. Strategies for the treatment of pain are comprehensively reviewed, with an overview of the mechanisms by which pain is perceived and the principles of pain management. The drugs currently used in the treatment of acute and chronic pain are discussed as well as the specific techniques that can be used to control intra- and post operative pain in dogs and cats. The book covers a broad range of information on specific aspects of pain management from analgesic techniques to management of chronic pain to pain perception. Published by Teton New Media USA and distributed by CRC Press outside of North America.

The world-wide sales of polysiloxanes or silicones at the beginning of this new millennium is approximately $10 billion per year. Commercial products range from those entirely composed of silicone to products where the silicone is a low level but key component. This symposium covered the recent academic and technological developments behind silicones and silicone-modified materials and the sessions were well attended of wide interest to both the academic and industrial communities. The papers from our two highly successful symposia in this important area were published in the books Silicones and Silicone-Modified Materials, (Eds. S. J. Clarson, J. J. Fitzgerald, M. J. Owen and S. D. Smith), ACS Symposium Series Vol. 729 / Oxford University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-8412-3613-5 and Synthesis and Properties of Silicones and Silicone-Modified Materials, (Eds. S. J. Clarson, J. J. Fitzgerald, M. J. Owen, S. D. Smith and M. E. Van Dyke), ACS Symposium Series Vol 838 / Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN 0-8412-3804-9

The American Chemical Society Committee on Analytical Reagents is the only organization in the world that sets requirements and develops validated methods for determining the purity of analytical reagents. For the first time, Reagent Chemicals, 10th Edition includes general physical properties and analytical uses for all reagent chemicals, nearly 500 chemicals. Thirty-two new reagents and three new classes of standard grade reference materials are introduced in this edition. In addition, the use of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), which is recognized as the most powerful and flexible trace element technique, is now accepted as an analytical method in the 10th edition. Other improvements include a CAS number index, a separate index for standard grade reference materials, updated atomic weights, frequently used mathematical equations, complete assay calculations with titer values, a tutorial on how to read a monograph, and detailed tables of contents introducing each section.

This book is a pioneering study of the often forgotten Sephardi voices of the Holocaust. It is an account of the Sephardi Jewish community of the Greek city of Salonika, which at one point numbered 80,000 members, but which was almost completely annihilated during the German occupation of Greece in the Second World War. Through her systematic series of interviews with the remnants of this once-flourishing community, the author reawakens the communal memory and is able to show how individual identities and memories can be seen to have been shaped by historical experience. She traces the radical demographic and political changes Salonika itself has undergone, in particular the ethnic and religious composition of the citys population, and she interprets the narratives of the Salonikan Jewish survivors in the context of this changing landscape of memory and as part of contemporary Greece. With the vivid power of oral history and ethnography, this book highlights a significant aspect of t