This collection expands the body of research on the intersection of gender and translation to highlight perspectives across different countries in Europe, showcasing developments in the field from its origins in the emergence of feminist translation in Quebec over the last thirty years. Building off seminal work on feminist translation by scholars in Canada in the 1980s and 1990s, the book explores the evolution of the discipline in shifting translation practices and research across a range of European countries, with a focus on underrepresented areas such as Malta, Serbia, and Poland. The different chapters examine key developments such as the critical reframing of gender and identity, the viewing of historical translation activity by women through the lens of ideological and political motivations, and the analysis of socio-political contexts where feminist or gender-inspired translation has impacted translators' practices. The volume looks concurrently at the European context and beyond it, putting the spotlight on new voices in translation and gender research in the region but also encouraging transnational dialogues on key issues in the discipline, pushing the field further into new directions. This book will be of particular interest to scholars in translation studies, gender studies, and European literature.

Considering children's literature as a powerful repository for creating and proliferating cultural and national identities, this monograph is the first academic study of children's literature in translation from the Western Balkans. Marija Todorova looks at a broad range of children's literature, from fiction to creative non-fiction and picture books, across five different countries in the Western Balkans, with each chapter including detailed textual and visual analysis through the predominant lens of violence. These chapters raise questions around who initiates and effectuates the selection of children's literature from the Western Balkans for translation into English, and interrogate the role of different stakeholders, such as translators, publishers and cultural institutions in the representation and construction of these countries in translated children's literature, both in text and visually. Given the combination of this study's interdisciplinary nature and Todorova's detailed analysis, this book will prove to be an essential resource for professional translators, researchers and students in courses in translation studies, children's literature or area studies, especially that of countries in the Western Balkans. .

This edited volume reflects on the development of corpus translation studies as a rapidly growing, diversified field of translation studies. It examines the evolving identity of corpus translation from a marginal research tactic focusing on generating numeric corpus attributes to a powerful and increasingly sophisticated corpus analytical scheme and methodological paradigm that has significantly changed and continues to shape our understanding of the research and practical, social values of empirical translation studies. Since its inception in the 1990s, corpus translation studies have permeated through almost every corner and branch of contemporary translation studies - from literary translation stylistics, through cognitive and neural translation, to more socially oriented translation studies, such as health care, environmental, and political and policy translation. Corpus methodological innovation has become a central research aim and priority in some of the most dynamic areas of translation studies. Methodological advancement has as its main aim a better, enhanced understanding on the part of translation studies scholars of the internal factors and external variables that may account for the prevalence of certain translation features (for example, corpus textual and linguistic patterns). This edited collection presents the latest studies of corpus-based and corpus-driven specialised translation and will appeal to students and scholars of translation studies, in particular those interested in corpus translation.

Machine Translation (MT) has become widely used throughout the world as a medium of communication between those who live in different countries and speak different languages. However, translation between distant languages constitutes a challenge for machines. Therefore, translation evaluation is poised to play a significant role in the process of designing and developing effective MT systems. This book evaluates three prominent MT systems, including Google Translate, Microsoft Translator, and Sakhr, each of which provides translation between English and Arabic. In the book Almahasees scrutinizes the capacity of the three systems in dealing with translation between English and Arabic in a large corpus taken from various domains, including the United Nation (UN), the World Health Organization (WHO), the Arab League, Petra News Agency reports, and two literary texts: The Old Man and the Sea and The Prophet. The evaluation covers holistic analysis to assess the output of the three systems in terms of Translation Automation User Society (TAUS) adequacy and fluency scales. The text also looks at error analysis to evaluate the systems' output in terms of orthography, lexis, grammar, and semantics at the entire-text level and in terms of lexis, grammar, and semantics at the collocation level. The research findings contained within this volume provide important feedback about the capabilities of the three MT systems with respect to English<>Arabic translation and paves the way for further research on such an important topic. This book will be of interest to scholars and students of translation studies and translation technology.

Ever since film was brought into China at the end of the nineteenth century, translation has conquered language, ideological and cultural barriers and facilitated the dissemination of films in China. Offering fresh visions and innovative studies on various important issues, including mistranslation, the dubbing of Hong Kong kung fu films, the dubbing of foreign films in China, the subtitling of Chinese dialect films, the subtitling of independent Chinese documentaries, and a vivid personal account of the translation and distribution of Chinese cinemas in France, this book aims to generate international dialogue by presenting diverse approaches to the translation and dissemination of Chinese cinemas. This book builds on previous research and further expands the horizons of the subfield, with the hope that this intervention will suggest new possibilities and territories for the study of the translation of Chinese cinemas. Translated foreign films have become an integral part of Chinese cinemas and translated Chinese films have in turn enriched the concept of world cinema. In many ways, it is a timely publication in the context of the globalization of the film industry - as Chinese films increasingly go global. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Chinese Cinemas.

The book offers a view of the translation of a literary text as a reconstruction of the non-standard linguistic worldview embedded in that text, and emerging from the standard, conventional worldview present in a given language and culture. This translation strategy (and the ensuing detailed decisions) is explained via the metaphor of two icebergs, representing the source and target texts as iceberg tips, resting on the vast foundations of the source and target languages and cultures. This thesis is illustrated by analyses of English translations of two poems by Wislawa Szymborska, the 1996 Nobel Prize winner: "Rozmowa z kamieniem" (Conversation with a Stone/Rock) and "Chmury" (Clouds).

This edited volume sets out to explore interdisciplinarity issues and strategies in Public Service Interpreting (PSI), focusing on theoretical issues, global practices, and education and training. Unlike other types of interpreting, PSI touches on the most private spheres of human life, making it all the more imperative for the service to move towards professionalization and for ad hoc training methods to be developed within higher institutions of education. PSI is a fast-developing area which will assume an increasingly important role in the spectrum of the language professions in the future. An international, dynamic and interdisciplinary exploration of matters related to PSI in various cultural contexts and different language combinations will provide valuable insights for anyone who wishes to have a better understanding when working as communities of practice. For this purpose, the Editors have collected contributions focusing on training, ethical issues, professional deontology, the role and responsibilities of interpreters, management and policy, as well as problems and strategies in different countries and regions. This collection will be a valuable reference for any student or academic working in interpreting, particularly those focusing on Public Service Interpreting anywhere in the world.

The aim of this volume is to investigate three fundamental issues of the new millennium: language, truth and democracy. The authors approach the themes from different philosophical perspectives. One group of authors examines the use of language and the meaning of concepts from an analytic point of view, the ontology of scientific terms and explores the nature of knowledge in general. Another group examines truth and types of relation. A third group of authors focuses on the current factors influencing our concept of democracy and its legal foundations and makes reference to moral aspects and the question of political responsibility. The chapters provide the reader with an overview of current philosophical problems and the answers to these questions will be decisive for future development.

Audiovisual Translation: Dubbing is an introductory textbook that provides a solid overview of the world of dubbing and is fundamentally interactive in approach. A companion to Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling, it follows a similar structure and is accompanied by downloadable resources. Based on first-hand experience in the field, the book combines translation practice with other related tasks - usually commissioned to dialogue writers and dubbing assistants - thus offering a complete introduction to the field of dubbing. It develops diversified skills, presents a broad picture of the industry, engages with the various controversies in the field, and challenges prevailing stereotypes. The individual chapters cover the map of dubbing in the world, the dubbing market and professional environment, text segmentation into takes or loops, lip-syncing, the challenge of emulating oral discourse, the semiotic nature of audiovisual texts, and specific audiovisual translation issues. The book further raises a number of research questions and looks at some of the unresolved challenges of this very specific form of translation. It includes graded exercises covering core skills that can be practised in class or at home, individually or collectively. The accompanying downloadable resources contain sample film material in Dutch, English, French, Italian and Spanish, as well as a range of useful material related to professional practice.

From the middle of the eighth century to the tenth century, almost all non-literary and non-historical secular Greek books, including such diverse topics as astrology, alchemy, physics, botany and medicine, that were not available throughout the eastern Byzantine Empire and the Near East, were translated into Arabic.
Greek Thought, Arabic Culture explores the major social, political and ideological factors that occasioned the unprecedented translation movement from Greek into Arabic in Baghdad, the newly founded capital of the Arab dynasty of the 'Abbasids', during the first two centuries of their rule. Dimitri Gutas draws upon the preceding historical and philological scholarship in Greco-Arabic studies and the study of medieval translations of secular Greek works into Arabic and analyses the social and historical reasons for this phenomenon.
Dimitri Gutas provides a stimulating, erudite and well-documented survey of this key movement in the transmission of ancient Greek culture to the Middle Ages.

This book about the clash between old and new approaches to translation and interpreting focuses on the theoretical, methodological, empirical as well as paradigmatic tensions and intersections between various traditions in translation and interpreting studies. It does so not only from a generational perspective but also from geographical, sociocultural and political points of view, aiming to foster communication among them and reveal synergies between the latest research trends and pre-existing methodologies and approaches. It includes chapters on translation theory, history and criticism, interpreting in changing contexts, translation of texts that transcend genre, text type and media borders, and changes and challenges in translator and interpreter training. The book provides a platform to new voices in translation and interpreting studies and presents the ideas of traditionally less represented geographical areas in the mainstream of our discipline.

Fear seems to be at the heart of both present-day and past forms of anger, an anger that is produced in and by discourse and in and through translation. It seems to be spreading globally, so much so that we are now living in the age of anger. Fear is a hot topic on the agenda nowadays, both in the news and in academia. The present collection of chapters by ten TS researchers focuses on the relationship between translation as an ambivalent practice and fear. The chapters deal with various discursive practices and disciplines within different contexts: geographical (Middle East, Lampedusa, France, and Portugal); political and historical (the Portuguese dictatorship and its censorial regime, the colonial war); and literary translation (poetry, novels, and dark literature).

Increases students' translation competency, from English into Spanish and vice versa, in a systematic, meaningful, contextualized and practical way Provides students with the most up-to-date information on the current technological tools available during the translation process, including online dictionaries and glossaries, the use of terminology banks, corpus linguistics, automatic translation, and translation memory software. A wealth of translation activities within the book and online link theory to practice and provide ample opportunity to practice the techniques and strategies. New edition includes topics more relevant today such as healthcare translation, localization, remote interpreting, and audiovisual translation.

* presents the work of a leading theorist of translation studies through the years (1980 - 2010), who helped to advance several areas in translation studies such as feminist theories and semiotics * includes four previously unpublished essays by Godard, a preface by Sherry Simon and additional introductory essays by the editors * key reading for new generations of students, translators, and scholars in a wide range of areas such as translation studies, cultural studies, and feminist studies

This book addresses the question whether translation students can successfully increase their information competence as a result of a purposeful intervention. As translation technologies have become a staple in the translation industry, the ability to interact with the Web to solve translation problems is now a basic market requirement. Although there is a growing body of empirical research into web search behaviors of translators and the use of web-based resources in translation, none of the studies aimed at incorporating information competence strategy training into a translation course. The study described in this volume aims to fill this gap. The book will be of interest to translator educators as well as to professional translators who want to improve their web search expertise.

Katha Vilasam: The Story Within offers a path-breaking series of 50 articles by S. Ramakrishnan, published over the course of four years in the widely read Tamil magazine Ananda Vikatan, to a wider reading public through translation into English. The writing style is intentionally direct and compact to suit a magazine readership. Nevertheless, the prose is elevating, even lyrical at times. There are "Aha" moments aplenty. The author uses a unique device in these units. They are "stories within stories". In each unit, he describes an incident from his own experience and relates it to a short story he has read by a particular eminent Tamil writer. He paraphrases/summarises the writer's story, melds it into his own reminiscence, and allows the two to resonate and create a musical signature in the reader's mind. Thus, 50 noted short story writers in the Tamil language are featured here. The avowed purpose of the author was to introduce the readers of Ananda Vikatan (who may have been readers of nothing but magazines) to also delve into the works of excellent Tamil short story writers. The series ran for four years and was very well received by readers. Each unit deserves to be read and re-read not only for the insights and information about writers in different genres, but for the word wizardry and imagery that flow effortlessly through the lines. It is hoped that this English translation will teleport these unique offerings to a wider reading public and bring the works of excellent Tamil writers into the lives of discriminating lovers of literature everywhere.

Though it might seem as modern as Samuel Beckett, Joseph Conrad, and Vladimir Nabokov, translingual writing - texts by authors using more than one language or a language other than their primary one - has an ancient pedigree. The Routledge Handbook of Literary Translingualism aims to provide a comprehensive overview of translingual literature in a wide variety of languages throughout the world, from ancient to modern times. The volume includes sections on: translingual genres - with chapters on memoir, poetry, fiction, drama, and cinema ancient, medieval, and modern translingualism global perspectives - chapters overseeing European, African, and Asian languages. Combining chapters from lead specialists in the field, this volume will be of interest to scholars, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates interested in investigating the vibrant area of translingual literature. Attracting scholars from a variety of disciplines, this interdisciplinary and pioneering Handbook will advance current scholarship of the permutations of languages among authors throughout time.

Foreign language proficiency is a must for professional translation and interpreting. However, research into Translation and Interpreting-Oriented Language Learning and Teaching (TILLT) is still scarce. As a result, many foreign language lecturers tackle language courses from a general perspective, disregarding the specific linguistic demands that both translation and interpreting place on their practitioners. Against this backdrop, this book brings together scholars who have conducted extensive research into this area. The aim of the volume is thus twofold: on the one hand, to establish international avenues for cooperation, and on the other, to proffer new and updated insights into a subdiscipline of Translation Studies that has not received the same attention as other translation areas.

Translation and the Global City showcases fresh perspectives on translation in a global context, drawing on case studies from Montreal and other multilingual cosmopolitan cities to examine the historical, sociological and cultural factors underpinning the travel of languages, ideas and cultures across borders. Building on the "spatial turn" in translation studies, the book adopts a bridge metaphor to explore the complexities of translational spaces and the ways in which translation acts can both unite and divide in the global city. The collection initiates the discussion with a focus on the Canadian context and specifically the city of Montreal, where historical circumstances, public policy and shifting language politics have led to a burgeoning translation industry. It goes on to address issues of translation in other regions and cities of the world, generating new insights and opening avenues for further research into the relations between languages and cultures. This volume will be of particular interest to students and scholars in translation studies, especially those with an interest in translation theory and the sociology of translation.

This volume engages with translations of philosophy as complex, socially structured narratives bound by emotional, political and philosophical connections, exploring these dynamics at work in A.V. Miller's Hegel translations and retranslations published between 1969 and 1986. The book contextualises Miller's lifelong commitment to Hegel and builds on this narrative to lay the foundations for its socio-narrative, Bourdieusian and feminist theoretical frameworks, applied to the texts and paratexts of Miller's six retranslations. The volume's plurifocal sociological approach both illuminates the role of translators and publishers of philosophy in the "great transformation" of political liberalism and subsequently seeks to transform understanding about the ethical responsibilities of translators of philosophy in communicating values of diversity and change in political thinking. In highlighting the value of sociologically-grounded analyses of translations of philosophical works, this book is key reading for students and scholars in translation studies, German studies, continental and feminist-informed philosophies.

This book employs actor-network theory (ANT) to explore the making of the English translation of a work of Chinese canonical fiction, Journey to the West, demonstrating how ANT, as applied to Translation Studies, can contribute to a richer understanding of the translation process. The volume builds on previous research to apply ANT theory to translation studies by looking in-depth at a single work, highlighting the unique factors underpinning the making of Monkey, Arthur Waley's English translation of the Chinese classic Journey to the West, which make the work an ideal candidate for showing ANT theory in practice in translation. Luo uses an in-depth exploration of the work to examine the ways in which both human and nonhuman translation actors and agents interact in different ways in the publication of this translation, showcasing them as dynamic, changing, and active participants whose roles shifted over the course of the translation process, rather than as fixed entities as traditionally categorized in existing research. The book moves beyond a descriptive account of an ANT-based case study toward offering a systematic theoretical and methodological framework of ANT-based translation studies, using the conclusions drawn from its application to a single work to suggest a way forward for applying ANT in translation production on a wider scale. This book will be of interest to scholars in translation studies, sociology, and comparative literature, particularly those interested in actor-network theory or network studies and their application to related disciplinary fields.

Chinese and English are the world's largest languages, and the number of interpreter-mediated interactions involving Chinese and English speakers has increased exponentially over the last 30 years. This book presents and describes examples of Chinese-English interpreting across a large number of settings: conference interpreting; diplomatic interpreting; media interpreting; business interpreting; police, legal and court interpreting; and healthcare interpreting. Interpreters working in these fields face not only the challenge of providing optimal inter-lingual transfer, but also need to fully understand the discourse-pragmatic conventions of both Chinese and English speakers. This innovative book provides an overview of established and contemporary frameworks of intercultural communication and applies these to a large sample of Chinese-English interpreted interactions. The authors introduce the Inter-Culturality Framework as a descriptive tool to identify and describe the strategies and footings that interpreters adopt. This book contains findings from detailed data with Chinese-English interpreters as experts not only in inter-lingual exchange, but cross-linguistic and intercultural communication. As such, it is a detailed and authoritative guide for trainees as well as practising Chinese-English interpreters.

Modern Approaches to Translation and Translation Studies serves as a collection of research describing the development of the discipline and its journey that has not been completed. The book deals with the latest developments within Translation Studies from the perspective of Turkish translation scholars. It consists of thirteen chapters with the participation of fourteen different authors working at universities in Turkey as academicians or having pursued or still pursuing their PhD within Translation Studies. The book contains topics such as translation technologies, meta-cognitive approaches in translation, eco-translatology, translators' employability, approaches in literary translation, feminist translation, intra- and inter-lingual translation, legal translation, multimodality, translatability/ untranslatability, and translation education.

Biomedical translation is a complex activity that goes far beyond finding equivalent terms in another language. Communication and safety problems may occur in scenarios such as the following: (i) if translators are unaware of the conceptual, lexical, and pragmatic complexities of medical translation; (ii) if they do not possess advanced translation competence; or (iii) if they are not familiar with standards and workflows of the sector, or with documentation techniques. They should also be aware of the terminological and technological tools commonly used in the healthcare industry. This book provides viable solutions for English-Spanish medical translators who face such problems. It also integrates widely accepted theoretical paradigms and presents the most up-to-date resources and tools.

On Translating Modern Korean Poetry is a research monograph exploring the intricacies and complexities of translating modern Korean poetry. This monograph highlights the difficulties entailed in translating Korean poetry, due to the lexical, structural, social, expressive and attitudinal levels with which the translator must be engaged. Featuring all-new translations, this book explores the question of what exactly modern Korean poetry is, increases the representation of female poets and includes poems addressing modern historical events, globalization, diaspora and mental health. Each chapter provides commentary on both the original and translated texts and looks at some of the issues that arose during the translation process. By doing so the authors draw attention to the intricate, trans-cultural and trans-creational process of Korean poetry translation. Collating contemporary Korean poetry and intricately exploring the translation process, this book is ideal for researchers and advanced level students of Korean Studies, Translation Studies and Literature with an interest in translation.