The Art of War by Sun Tzu is an ancient yet invaluable Chinese military classic that is still relevant today. This book presents a systematic and in-depth investigation into the translation and reception of The Art of War in Western strategic culture. Aided by three self-built corpora, this book adopts a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative analysis, and takes both the core text and its paratexts of The Art of War into consideration. The author highlights the significance of proper approaches to translating culture in regards to the core text and effective measures of culture reconstruction in regards to the paratexts. It is revealed by this investigation that the translated Sun Tzu has undergone three major stages before its canonization in Western discourse. The findings bring to light the multiple factors that contribute to the incorporation of Sun Tzu's strategic wisdom into Western culture. For scholars interested in translation studies, (critical) discourse analysis, as well as strategic studies, this book provides fresh insights and new perspectives.

In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, the linguistic situation in Europe was one of remarkable fluidity. Latin, the great scholarly lingua franca of the medieval period, was beginning to crack as the tectonic plates shifted beneath it, but the vernaculars had not yet crystallized into the national languages that they would later become, and multilingualism was rife. Meanwhile, elsewhere in the world, languages were coming into contact with an intensity that they had never had before, influencing each other and throwing up all manner of hybrids and pidgins as peoples tried to communicate using the semiotic resources they had available. Of interest to linguists, literary scholars and historians, amongst others, this interdisciplinary volume explores the linguistic dynamics operating in Europe and beyond in the crucial centuries between 1400 and 1800. Assuming a state of individual, societal and functional multilingualism, when codeswitching was the norm, and languages themselves were fluid, unbounded and porous, it explores the shifting relationships that existed between various tongues in different geographical contexts, as well as some of the myths and theories that arose to make sense of them.

Government Translation in South Korea: A Corpus-based Study is the first book to investigate and discuss translation processes and translation products in South Korean government institutions, employing a parallel corpus-based approach. Choi identifies different agents and procedures involved in institutional translation practices, discusses linguistic and genre features of translations, and investigates changes made in translations compared to the original documents, during the two Korean presidencies of Lee Myung-bak (2008-2013) and Park Geun-hye (2013-2017). Choi's book explores important facets of Korean government translation in the belief that practices associated with the normative meaning and concept of government translation have to be displaced into the wider understanding of the concept of translation as a social construct. Drawing on the theoretical frameworks of institutional translation and critical discourse analysis-informed corpus-based translation studies, the chapters discuss the practice, process and products of Korean government translation. The Korean-English parallel corpus methodology used introduces a systemic way to analyse changes in Korean government translations, based on a personally built sentence-level tagged corpus, both qualitatively and quantitatively. This volume will be of great interest to scholars and students of translation studies as well as Korean studies.

This book provides a research-driven discussion of how the epistemic potential of multilingual writing strategies can be conceptualized, investigated, and leveraged in higher education. Research results are reported from an intervention study in two discipline-specific, writing-intensive HE content courses. The study triangulates survey data with think-aloud & screen-recording data and with product data in a pre/post design. Based on the research findings, the book details a multilingual teaching framework in which a translanguaging approach is enhanced with instructional practices from translation training.

The book introduces SFTS as a research field, tracing its development and situating the contributions of the scholars interviewed within this tradition Taken together, the collection offers a comprehensive account of theoretical and methodological developments in SFTS, with critical overviews of these scholars' body of work within the research area and reflections on the emerging research that pushes SFTS scholarship into new frontiers.

Language ability is a unique human trait, and it is indispensable throughout the human life cycle. Blockchain on the other hand, is an innovation that will transform production relationships, change collaboration models and distribution of benefits between people. Language and blockchain seem to have no intersection, yet they are bewilderingly similar in certain ways.When Language Meets Blockchain leads us into an exploratory journey to discover the possibilities of integrating blockchain technology with the language services industry. The author discusses how blockchain technology enables translators to realise their full potential and describes how the role of language can be elevated from a general tool to a driving force through a new concept called Cross-Linguistic Capability. This is a concept that will have very intriguing and beneficial implications for global economic activities.It is demonstrated that language is more than just a tool, it is also a resource and a form of capability. This presents opportunities for cross-linguistic and cross-cultural communications in the era of blockchain, to enable the convergence of linguistic capability with blockchain technology and artificial intelligence. The book's perspective on how the language services industry could adapt to times to embrace blockchain technology for industrial transformation, is both forwarding-looking and value enhancing.

The first book to provide a clear, structured set of resources for teaching translation and interpreting studies online *all instructors are faced with the need to at least partially teach online and there is no guide available to support them *carefully structured to be adaptable to a wide range of contexts, needs and teaching environments: fully or partially online, multimodal, or face-to- face with online components; for language, and non-language, specific courses and for all student groups, coming from all countries and cultures.

This is the first English book on Liang Shiqiu This is the first book-length work on "translator studies" This book has provided significant inspirations for the research in "translator studies" The issues covered in this book are related to various fields, such as translation studies, literary studies, Chinese studies, Shakespeare studies, etc.

The American Council of the Blind (ACB) Recipient of the 2022 Dr. Margaret Pfanstiehl Audio Description Achievement Award for Research and Development This Handbook provides a comprehensive overview of the expanding field of audio description, the practice of rendering the visual elements of a multimodal product such as a film, painting, or live performance in the spoken mode, for the benefit principally of the blind and visually impaired community. This volume brings together scholars, researchers, practitioners and service providers, such as broadcasters from all over the world, to cover as thoroughly as possible all the theoretical and practical aspects of this discipline. In 38 chapters, the expert authors chart how the discipline has become established both as an important professional service and as a valid academic subject, how it has evolved and how it has come to play such an important role in media accessibility. From the early history of the subject through to the challenges represented by ever-changing technology, the Handbook covers the approaches and methodologies adopted to analyse the "multimodal" text in the constant search for the optimum selection of the elements to describe. This is the essential guide and companion for advanced students, researchers and audio description professionals within the more general spheres of translation studies and media accessibility.

This collection of essays represents the first of its kind in exploring the conjunction of translation and social media communication, with a focus on how these practices intersect and transform each other against the backdrop of the cascading COVID-19 crisis. The contributions in the book offer empirical case studies as well as personal reflections on the topic, illuminating a broad range of themes such as knowledge translation, crisis communications, language policies, cyberpolitics and digital platformization. Together they demonstrate the vital role of translation in the trust-based construction of global public health discourses, while accounting for the new medialities that are reshaping the conception, experience and critique of translation in response to the cultural, political and ecological challenges in the post-pandemic world. Written by leading scholars in translation studies, media studies and literary studies, this volume sets to open up new conversations among these fields in relation to the global pandemic and its aftermath. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.

Though recognized in the latter part of the 19th century as "the greatest Orientalist in Britain," the Geneva-born Anglican priest, Solomon Caesar Malan (1812-1894) was such an extraordinary person that he has defied any scholarly person to write a critical account of his life and works. Consequently, almost no one has written anything critically appreciative and insightful about him since his death. A polymath with extraordinary talent for languages and sketching, among other specialized skills, Malan focused much of his life on assessing biblical translations in ancient Middle Eastern and East Asian languages, while also producing English translations of alternative expressions of Christianity found in north Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. A life-long interest of his was comparing the proverbs of his name-sake, King Solomon, with proverbial wisdom from as many cultures and languages as he could find. That interest culminated in a three-volume work that enshrined his achievements realized through his capacities as a hyperpolyglot within the context of a search for shared wisdom across many cultures. In this volume, produced by a team of collaborators from a wide range of scholarly interests and varying expertise, we have presented a critically assessed account of the life and key works produced by Solomon Caesar Malan. In fact, it is the first work of its kind on Malan written since his death, now having occurred more than 125 years ago. Readers will journey through an itinerary that starts in Geneva before it became part of Switzerland, moves to Great Britain, and ultimately into one of the colleges in Oxford. Subsequently, it moves us into an exploration of the journey of his life that involved a huge range of places, people, and languages: starting in Calcutta, touching unusual figures from Hungary, India, and China. Those seminal experiences led Malan into studies of languages related to even more distant cultural worlds in Central, Southeastern, and East Asia. The historians among us have delved into Malan's life in Calcutta, Geneva, and Dorsetshire, while others have explored the nature of his hyperpolyglossia, and tested the quality of his understanding of ancient literature in classical languages that include Chinese, Manchurian, Sanskrit and Tibetan. Notably, Malan's personal library was so unique, that when he donated it to his alma mater at Oxford University, it became one of the major bibliographic precedents for what is now the Oriental Division in the Bodleian Libraries. Yet, when one follows the twists and turns of his life's journey, and the surprises that occur from documenting the history and content of the Malan Library as well as critically analysing aspects of his opus magnum, Original Notes on the Book of Proverbs (1889-1893), we believe both general readers and scholarly specialists will be entranced.

Gadamer's Truth and Method: A Polyphonic Commentary offers a fresh look at Gadamer's magnum opus, Truth and Method, which was first published in German in 1960, translated into English in 1975, and is widely recognized as a ground-breaking text of philosophical hermeneutics. The volume features essays from fourteen scholars-both established and rising stars-each of which cover a portion of Truth and Method following the order of the text itself. The result is a robust, historically and thematically rich polyphonic reading of the text as a whole, valuable both for scholarship and teaching.

Verbal irony is a common phenomenon in communication, but its convoluted nature makes it difficult to translate. This book expands on previous studies of the translation of irony by examining the mechanisms of verbal irony in its translation from Catalan and Spanish into English. It accentuates the importance of ironic cues not only in processing irony but also in rendering it across cultures. It also interrogates its translatability in the narratives of two Latin American authors, Julio Cortazar and Juan Jose Arreola, and two Catalan writers, Pere Calders and Quim Monzo. Comparative analyses of the source and target texts further reveal obstacles in the cross-cultural communication of irony. Based on a proposed classification of ironic cues, this book provides guidelines for the effective translation of irony. The corpus, which is subject to an interdisciplinary analysis rooted in Discourse Stylistics, comprises a compelling range of short stories that tacitly bespeak the authors' stances towards twentieth-century sociohistorical events as well as more general contemporary issues. The connection between Calders's and Cortazar's exiles and their ironic styles is equally explored.

Empirical translation studies is a rapidly evolving research area. This volume, written by world-leading researchers, demonstrates the integration of two new research paradigms: socially-oriented and data driven approaches to empirical translation studies. These two models expand current translation studies and stimulate reader debates around how development of quantitative research methods and integration with advances in translation technologies would significantly increase the research capacities of translation studies. Highly engaging, the volume pioneers the development of socially-oriented innovative research methods to enhance the current research capacities of theoretical (descriptive) translation studies in order to tackle real-life research issues, such as environmental protection and multicultural health promotion. Illustrative case studies are used, bringing insight into advanced research methodologies of designing, developing and analysing large scale digital databases for multilingual and/or translation research.

Translation and commentary are often associated with institutions and patronage; but in Italy around the time of Dante, widespread vernacular translation was mostly on the spontaneous initiative of individuals. While Dante is usually the starting point for histories of vernacular translation in Europe, this book demonstrates that The Divine Comedy places itself in opposition to a vast vernacular literature already in circulation among its readers. Alison Cornish explores the anxiety of vernacularization as expressed by translators and contemporary authors, the prevalence of translation in religious experience, the role of scribal mediation, the influence of the Italian reception of French literature on that literature, and how translating into the vernacular became a project of nation-building only after its virtual demise during the Humanist period. Vernacular translation was a phenomenon with which all authors in thirteenth- and fourteenth-century Europe - from Brunetto Latini to Giovanni Boccaccio - had to contend.

Strategic Intelligence is a form of meaning that promises the possibility of strategic advantage, dignity, the achievement of objective, and the fulfillment of potential in hostile environments. In The Cultural Roots of Strategic Intelligence Gino LaPaglia demonstrates that the strategic aspect of reason-arising in human experience, encoded as value, and born by culture as a strategic resource-has been encoded as values that have been memorialized in culturally authoritative sources in various Eurasian cultures for thousands of years. These sources have validated a strategic orientation in the world, legitimized the strategist as a heroic identity, and transmitted a coherent world view that enables the practitioner of strategy to overcome asymmetric threat. By excavating the provenance of strategic thought expressed in the cultural identity of the strategist in the most culturally authoritative mythological, literary, philosophical and religious sources, and excavating the underlying strategic values expressed in cultural products, LaPaglia demonstrates that the strategic aspect of human rationality is one of the most basic structural dynamics of human meaning, and that the transmission of this strategic way of being and acting in the world offers hope for life's underdogs.

This volume considers how the act through which historians interpret the past can be understood as one of epistemological and cognitive translation. The book convincingly argues that words, images, and historical and archaeological remains can all be considered as objects deserving the same treatment on the part of historians, whose task consists exactly in translating their past meanings into present language. It goes on to examine the notion that this act of translation is also an act of synchronization which connects past, present, and future, disrupting and resetting time, as well as creating complex temporalities differing from any linear chronology. Using a broad, deep interpretation of translation, History as a Translation of the Past brings together an international cast of scholars working on different periods to show how their respective approaches can help us to better understand and translate the past in the future.

This bestselling textbook, now fully updated, introduces students, researchers and practitioners to the fast-developing discipline of Interpreting Studies. Written by one of the world's leading researchers in Interpreting Studies, Introducing Interpreting Studies covers interpreting in all its varied forms, from international conference to community-based settings, in both spoken and signed modalities. The book first guides the reader through the evolution of the field, reviewing influential concepts, models and methodological approaches. It then presents the main areas of research on interpreting, and identifies present and future trends in Interpreting Studies. This edition has been updated to reflect recent advances in areas from cognitive neuroscience to multimodal discourse analysis and to cover technology-assisted and technology-mediated forms of interpreting, and the role of technology in interpreter training. Featuring chapter summaries, guides to the main points covered, and suggestions for further reading, Franz Poechhacker's practical and user-friendly textbook is the definitive map of this important and growing discipline. Introducing Interpreting Studies gives a comprehensive overview of the field and offers guidance to those undertaking research of their own. The book is complemented by The Interpreting Studies Reader (Routledge, 2002), a collection of seminal contributions to research in Interpreting Studies, and by the comprehensive Routledge Encyclopedia of Interpreting Studies (Routledge, 2015).

This volume presents comprehensive research on how southern European Catholics and the Japanese confronted each other, interacted and mutually experienced religious otherness in early modern times. In their highly variable and asymmetric relations, during which the political-military elites of Japan at times not only favoured, but also opposed and strictly controlled the European presence, missionaries - particularly the Jesuits - tried to negotiate this power balance with their interlocutors. This collection of essays analyses religious and cultural interactions between the Christian missions and the Buddhist sects through processes of cooperation, acceptance, confrontation and rejection, dialogue and imposition, which led to the creation of new relational spaces and identities.

This book looks to expand the definition of translation in line with Susan Bassnett and David Johnston's notion of the "outward turn", applying this perspective to contemporary art to broaden the scope of how we understand translation in today's global multisemiotic world. The book takes as its point of departure the idea that texts are comprised of not only words but other semiotic systems and therefore expanding our notions of both language and translation can better equip us to translate stories told via non-traditional means in novel ways. While the "outward turn" has been analyzed in literature, Vidal directs this spotlight to contemporary art, a field which has already engaged in disciplinary connections with Translation Studies. The volume highlights how the unpacking of such connections between disciplines encourages engagement with contemporary social issues, around identity, power, migration, and globalization, and in turn, new ways of thinking and bringing about wider cultural change. This innovative book will be of interest to scholars in translation studies and contemporary art.

This volume presents a collection of papers from the 1st edition of the International Conference for Young Philological Researchers on New Methodological Directions and Perspectives in Literary and Linguistic Studies, held at "Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, Romania, in May 2020. In thirteen selected papers, authors have tackled Otherness in terms of Representations of the Other; Grammars of Otherness; Otherness in Literature; Discourses on Self/Other; Voices, Arts and Metaphors of Self and Other; Sameness and Otherness; Otherness in Education; (In)(di)visibility and Translatability of Otherness, etc. The volume spans a variety of fields, from linguistics, cultural theory, and philosophy to literature, psychology, and art, and each is concerned with not only otherness but also with representation.

El presente volumen aborda la traduccion e interpretacion institucional con un triple enfoque: a) su aplicacion social; b) las tendencias profesionales; y, c) la innovacion didactica en la ensenanza universitaria. Respecto a su aplicacion social, los primeros capitulos tratan la traduccion e interpretacion como una herramienta esencial que permite superar barreras tanto linguisticas como culturales en situaciones de emergencia y acceder a derechos fundamentales mediante el empoderamiento de las mujeres en procedimientos de asistencia y atencion en contextos de violencia de genero. El posterior analisis y descripcion de diversos entornos profesionales en contextos institucionales permiten detectar y extraer las competencias que los profesionales necesitan para poder hacer frente a los nuevos desafios a los que se enfrentan en el nuevo paisaje profesional dibujado por los acontecimientos historicos de los ultimos tiempos. En cuanto a la innovacion didactica, el volumen presenta nuevas metodologias docentes y acciones formativas que incluyen, entre otras, el empleo de la musica y el mindfulness en el aula de interpretacion, el uso de las nuevas tecnologias para la formacion de interpretes a distancia y la posedicion como herramienta didactica en el aula de traduccion.