The purpose of this book is to give an introduction to the Laplace transform on the undergraduate level. The material is drawn from notes for a course taught by the author at the Milwaukee School of Engineering. Based on classroom experience, an attempt has been made to (1) keep the proofs short, (2) introduce applications as soon as possible, (3) concentrate on problems that are difficult to handle by the older classical methods, and (4) emphasize periodic phenomena. To make it possible to offer the course early in the curriculum (after differential equations), no knowledge of complex variable theory is assumed. However, since a thorough study of Laplace. transforms requires at least the rudiments of this theory, Chapter 3 includes a brief sketch of complex variables, with many of the details presented in Appendix A. This plan permits an introduction of the complex inversion formula, followed by additional applications. The author has found that a course taught three hours a week for a quarter can be based on the material in Chapters 1, 2, and 5 and the first three sections of Chapter 7. If additional time is available (e.g., four quarter-hours or three semester-hours), the whole book can be covered easily. The author is indebted to the students at the Milwaukee School of Engineering for their many helpful comments and criticisms.

This book deals with the existence and stability of solutions to initial and boundary value problems for functional differential and integral equations and inclusions involving the Riemann-Liouville, Caputo, and Hadamard fractional derivatives and integrals. A wide variety of topics is covered in a mathematically rigorous manner making this work a valuable source of information for graduate students and researchers working with problems in fractional calculus. Contents Preliminary Background Nonlinear Implicit Fractional Differential Equations Impulsive Nonlinear Implicit Fractional Differential Equations Boundary Value Problems for Nonlinear Implicit Fractional Differential Equations Boundary Value Problems for Impulsive NIFDE Integrable Solutions for Implicit Fractional Differential Equations Partial Hadamard Fractional Integral Equations and Inclusions Stability Results for Partial Hadamard Fractional Integral Equations and Inclusions Hadamard-Stieltjes Fractional Integral Equations Ulam Stabilities for Random Hadamard Fractional Integral Equations

Karl Menger, one of the founders of dimension theory, belongs to the most original mathematicians and thinkers of the twentieth century. He was a member of the Vienna Circle and the founder of its mathematical equivalent, the Viennese Mathematical Colloquium. Both during his early years in Vienna, and after his emigration to the United States, Karl Menger made significant contributions to a wide variety of mathematical fields, and greatly influenced some of his colleagues. The Selecta Mathematica contain Menger's major mathematical papers, based on his own selection of his extensive writings. They deal with topics as diverse as topology, geometry, analysis and algebra, as well as writings on economics, sociology, logic, philosophy and mathematical results. The two volumes are a monument to the diversity and originality of Menger's ideas.

Monte-Carlo techniques have increasingly become a key method used in quantitative research. This book introduces engineers and scientists to the basics of using the Monte-Carlo simulation method which is used in Operations Research and other fields to understand the impact of risk and uncertainty in prediction and forecasting models. Monte-Carlo Simulation: An Introduction for Engineers and Scientists explores several specific applications in addition to illustrating the principles behind the methods. The question of accuracy and efficiency with using the method is addressed thoroughly within each chapter and all program listings are included in the discussion of each application to facilitate further research for the reader using Python programming language. Beginning engineers and scientists either already in or about to go into industry or commercial and government scientific laboratories will find this book essential. It could also be of interest to undergraduates in engineering science and mathematics, as well as instructors and lecturers who have no prior knowledge of Monte-Carlo simulations.

The core chapters of this volume provide a complete course on metric, normed, and Hilbert spaces, and include many results and exercises seldom found in texts on analysis at this level. The author covers an unusually wide range of material in a clear and concise format including elementary real analysis, Lebesgue integration on R, and an introduction to functional analysis. This makes a versatile text also suited for courses on real analysis, metric spaces, abstract analysis, and modern analysis. The book begins with a comprehensive chapter providing a fast-paced course on real analysis, and is followed by an introduction to the Lebesgue integral. This provides a reference for later chapters as well as an introduction for students with only the typical sequence of undergraduate calculus courses as prerequisites. Other features include a chapter introducing functional analysis, the Hahn-Banach theorem and duality, separation theorems, the Baire Category Theorem, the Open Mapping Theorem and their consequences, and unusual applications such as weak solutions of the Dirichlet Problem and Pareto optimality in Mathematical Economics. Of special interest is the unique collection of nearly 750 exercises, many with guidelines for their solutions. The exercises include applications and extensions of the main propositions and theorems, results that fill in gaps in proofs or that prepare for proofs later in the book, pointers to new branches of the subject, and difficult challenges for the very best students.

This volume contains a collection of papers dealing with applications of orthogonal polynomials and methods for their computation, of interest to a wide audience of numerical analysts, engineers, and scientists. The applications address problems in applied mathematics as well as problems in engineering and the sciences.

The problems of modern society are complex, interdisciplinary and nonlin ear. onlinear problems are therefore abundant in several diverse disciplines. Since explicit analytic solutions of nonlinear problems in terms of familiar, well trained functions of analysis are rarely possible, one needs to exploit various approximate methods. There do exist a number of powerful procedures for ob taining approximate solutions of nonlinear problems such as, Newton-Raphson method, Galerkins method, expansion methods, dynamic programming, itera tive techniques, truncation methods, method of upper and lower bounds and Chapligin method, to name a few. Let us turn to the fruitful idea of Chapligin, see 27] (vol I), for obtaining approximate solutions of a nonlinear differential equation u' = f(t, u), u(O) = uo. Let fl' h be such that the solutions of 1t' = h (t, u), u(O) = uo, and u' = h(t, u), u(O) = uo are comparatively simple to solve, such as linear equations, and lower order equations. Suppose that we have h(t, u) s f(t, u) s h(t, u), for all (t, u)."

This book gathers contributions by respected experts on the theory of isometric immersions between Riemannian manifolds, and focuses on the geometry of CR structures on submanifolds in Hermitian manifolds. CR structures are a bundle theoretic recast of the tangential Cauchy-Riemann equations in complex analysis involving several complex variables. The book covers a wide range of topics such as Sasakian geometry, Kaehler and locally conformal Kaehler geometry, the tangential CR equations, Lorentzian geometry, holomorphic statistical manifolds, and paraquaternionic CR submanifolds. Intended as a tribute to Professor Aurel Bejancu, who discovered the notion of a CR submanifold of a Hermitian manifold in 1978, the book provides an up-to-date overview of several topics in the geometry of CR submanifolds. Presenting detailed information on the most recent advances in the area, it represents a useful resource for mathematicians and physicists alike.

The analysis, processing, evolution, optimization and/or regulation, and control of shapes and images appear naturally in engineering (shape optimization, image processing, visual control), numerical analysis (interval analysis), physics (front propagation), biological morphogenesis, population dynamics (migrations), and dynamic economic theory.

These problems are currently studied with tools forged out of differential geometry and functional analysis, thus requiring shapes and images to be smooth. However, shapes and images are basically sets, most often not smooth. J.-P. Aubin thus constructs another vision, where shapes and images are just any compact set. Hence their evolution -- which requires a kind of differential calculus -- must be studied in the metric space of compact subsets. Despite the loss of linearity, one can transfer most of the basic results of differential calculus and differential equations in vector spaces to mutational calculus and mutational equations in any mutational space, including naturally the space of nonempty compact subsets.

"Mutational and Morphological Analysis" offers a structure that embraces and integrates the various approaches, including shape optimization and mathematical morphology.

Scientists and graduate students will find here other powerful mathematical tools for studying problems dealing with shapes and images arising in so many fields.

The main contents and character of the monograph did not change with respect to the first edition. However, within most chapters we incorporated quite a number of modifications which take into account the recent development of the field, the very valuable suggestions and comments that we received from numerous colleagues and students as well as our own experience while using the book. Some errors and misprints in the first edition are also corrected. Reiner Horst May 1992 Hoang Tuy PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION The enormous practical need for solving global optimization problems coupled with a rapidly advancing computer technology has allowed one to consider problems which a few years aga would have been considered computationally intractable. As a consequence, we are seeing the creation of a large and increasing number of diverse algorithms for solving a wide variety of multiextremal global optimization problems. The goal of this book is to systematically clarify and unify these diverse approaches in order to provide insight into the underlying concepts and their pro perties. Aside from a coherent view of the field much new material is presented."

Non-Additive Measure and Integral is the first systematic approach to the subject. Much of the additive theory (convergence theorems, Lebesgue spaces, representation theorems) is generalized, at least for submodular measures which are characterized by having a subadditive integral. The theory is of interest for applications to economic decision theory (decisions under risk and uncertainty), to statistics (including belief functions, fuzzy measures) to cooperative game theory, artificial intelligence, insurance, etc. Non-Additive Measure and Integral collects the results of scattered and often isolated approaches to non-additive measures and their integrals which originate in pure mathematics, potential theory, statistics, game theory, economic decision theory and other fields of application. It unifies, simplifies and generalizes known results and supplements the theory with new results, thus providing a sound basis for applications and further research in this growing field of increasing interest. It also contains fundamental results of sigma-additive and finitely additive measure and integration theory and sheds new light on additive theory. Non-Additive Measure and Integral employs distribution functions and quantile functions as basis tools, thus remaining close to the familiar language of probability theory. In addition to serving as an important reference, the book can be used as a mathematics textbook for graduate courses or seminars, containing many exercises to support or supplement the text.

Krichever and Novikov introduced certain classes of infinite dimensional Lie algebras to extend the Virasoro algebra and its related algebras to Riemann surfaces of higher genus. The author of this book generalized and extended them to a more general setting needed by the applications. Examples of applications are Conformal Field Theory, Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten models, moduli space problems, integrable systems, Lax operator algebras, and deformation theory of Lie algebra. Furthermore they constitute an important class of infinite dimensional Lie algebras which due to their geometric origin are still manageable. This book gives an introduction for the newcomer to this exciting field of ongoing research in mathematics and will be a valuable source of reference for the experienced researcher. Beside the basic constructions and results also applications are presented.

Equations of the Ginzburg Landau vortices have particular applications to a number of problems in physics, including phase transition phenomena in superconductors, superfluids, and liquid crystals. Building on the results presented by Bethuel, Brazis, and Helein, this current work further analyzes Ginzburg-Landau vortices with a particular emphasis on the uniqueness question.

The authors begin with a general presentation of the theory and then proceed to study problems using weighted Holder spaces and Sobolev Spaces. These are particularly powerful tools and help us obtain a deeper understanding of the nonlinear partial differential equations associated with Ginzburg-Landau vortices. Such an approach sheds new light on the links between the geometry of vortices and the number of solutions.

Aimed at mathematicians, physicists, engineers, and grad students, this monograph will be useful in a number of contexts in the nonlinear analysis of problems arising in geometry or mathematical physics. The material presented covers recent and original results by the authors, and will serve as an excellent classroom text or a valuable self-study resource."

Preservation of Moduli of Continuity for BersteinType Operators (J.A. Adell, J. de la Cal). Lp-Korovkin Type Inequalities for Positive Linear Operators (G.A. Anastassiou). On Some ShiftInvariate Integral Operators, Multivariate Case (G.A. Anastassiou, H.H. Gonska). Multivariate Probabalistic Wavelet Approximation (G. Anastassiou et al.). Probabalistic Approach to the Rounding Problem with Applications to Fair Representation (B. Athanasopoulos). Limit Theorums for Random Multinomial Forms (A. Basalykas). Multivariate Boolean Trapezoidal Rules (G. Baszenski, F.J. Delvos). Convergence Results for an Extension of the Fourier Transform (C. Belingeri, P.E. Ricci). The Action Constants (B.L. Chalmers, B. Shekhtman). Bivariate Probability Distributions Similar to Exponential (B. Dimitrov et al.). Probability, Waiting Time Results for Pattern and Frequency Quotas in the Same Inverse Sampling Problem Via the Dirichlet (M. Ebneshahrashoob, M. Sobel). 25 additional articles. Index.

This book examines various mathematical toolsa "based on generalized collocation methodsa "to solve nonlinear problems related to partial differential and integro-differential equations. Covered are specific problems and models related to vehicular traffic flow, population dynamics, wave phenomena, heat convection and diffusion, transport phenomena, and pollution.

Based on a unified approach combining modeling, mathematical methods, and scientific computation, each chapter begins with several examples and problems solved by computational methods; full details of the solution techniques used are given. The last section of each chapter provides problems and exercises giving readers the opportunity to practice using the mathematical tools already presented. Rounding out the work is an appendix consisting of scientific programs in which readers may find practical guidelines for the efficient application of the collocation methods used in the book. Although the authors make use of MathematicaA(R), readers may use other packages such as MATLABA(R) or MapleTM depending on their specific needs and software preferences.

Generalized Collocation Methods is written for an interdisciplinary audience of graduate students, engineers, scientists, and applied mathematicians with an interest in modeling real-world systems by differential or operator equations. The work may be used as a supplementary textbook in graduate courses on modeling and nonlinear differential equations, or as a self-study handbook for researchers and practitioners wishing to expand their knowledge of practical solution techniques for nonlinear problems.

This selection of outstanding articles - an outgrowth of the QMath9 meeting for young scientists - covers new techniques and recent results on spectral theory, statistical mechanics, Bose-Einstein condensation, random operators, magnetic Schrodinger operators and more. The book's pedagogical style makes it a useful introduction to the research literature for postgraduate students. For more expert researchers it will serve as a concise source of modern reference."

Written in an accessible and informal style, this textbook is designed to give graduate students an understanding of integrable systems via the study of Riemann surfaces, loop groups, and twistors. The book has its origins in a series of lecture courses given by the authors, all internationally known mathematicians and renowned expositors. The introduction by Nigel Hitchin addresses the meaning of integrability: how do we recognize an integrable system? His own contribution then develops connections with algebraic geometry, and includes an introduction to Riemann surfaces, sheaves, and line bundles.

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Since about 1915 integration theory has consisted of two separate branches: the abstract theory required by probabilists and the theory, preferred by analysts, that combines integration and topology. As long as the underlying topological space is reasonably nice (e.g., locally compact with countable basis) the abstract theory and the topological theory yield the same results, but for more compli cated spaces the topological theory gives stronger results than those provided by the abstract theory. The possibility of resolving this split fascinated us, and it was one of the reasons for writing this book. The unification of the abstract theory and the topological theory is achieved by using new definitions in the abstract theory. The integral in this book is de fined in such a way that it coincides in the case of Radon measures on Hausdorff spaces with the usual definition in the literature. As a consequence, our integral can differ in the classical case. Our integral, however, is more inclusive. It was defined in the book "C. Constantinescu and K. Weber (in collaboration with A."

"Theory of Function Spaces II" deals with the theory of function spaces of type Bspq and Fspq as it stands at the present. These two scales of spaces cover many well-known function spaces such as H lder-Zygmund spaces, (fractional) Sobolev spaces, Besov spaces, inhomogeneous Hardy spaces, spaces of BMO-type and local approximation spaces which are closely connected with Morrey-Campanato spaces.

"Theory of Function Spaces II" is self-contained, although it may be considered an update of the author 's earlier book of the same title.

The book 's 7 chapters start with a historical survey of the subject, and then analyze the theory of function spaces in Rn and in domains, applications to (exotic) pseudo-differential operators, and function spaces on Riemannian manifolds.

These papers from the Workshop on Operator Theory and Complex Analysis review advances in operator theory and complex analysis, and their interplay in applications to mathematical system theory and control. Special attention is paid to different extension and interpolation problems for matrix and operator valued functions. Other topics include: operator inequalities and operator means; matrix completion problems; operators in spaces with indefinite scalar products and non-selfadjoint operators; and scattering and inverse spectral problems. The book should be useful to both pure and applied mathematicians.

The approach here relies on two beliefs. The first is that almost nobody fully understands calculus the first time around. The second is that graphing calculators can be used to simplify the theory of limits for students. This book presents the theoretical pieces of introductory calculus, using appropriate technology, in a style suitable to accompany almost any first calculus text. It offers a large range of increasingly sophisticated examples and problems to build an understanding of the notion of limit and other theoretical concepts. Aimed at students who will study fields in which the understanding of calculus as a tool is not sufficient, the text uses the "spiral approach" of teaching, returning again and again to difficult topics, anticipating such returns across the calculus courses in preparation for the first analysis course. Suitable as the "content" text for a transition to upper level mathematics course.

"Configural Frequency Analysis" (CFA) provides an up-to-the-minute comprehensive introduction to its techniques, models, and applications. Written in a formal yet accessible style, actual empirical data examples are used to illustrate key concepts. Step-by-step program sequences are used to show readers how to employ CFA methods using commercial software packages, such as SAS, SPSS, SYSTAT, S-Plus, or those written specifically to perform CFA.
CFA is an important method for analyzing results involved with categorical and longitudinal data. It allows one to answer the question of whether individual cells or groups of cells of cross-classifications differ significantly from expectations. The expectations are calculated using methods employed in log-linear modeling or a priori information. It is the only statistical method that allows one to make statements about empty areas in the data space.
Applied and or person-oriented researchers, statisticians, and advanced students interested in CFA and categorical and longitudinal data will find this book to be a valuable resource. Developed since 1969, this method is now used by a large number of researchers around the world in a variety of disciplines, including psychology, education, medicine, and sociology. "Configural Frequency Analysis" will serve as an excellent text for courses on configural frequency analysis, categorical variable analysis, or analysis of contingency tables. Prerequisites include an understanding of descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing, statistical model fitting, and some understanding of categorical data analysis and matrix algebra.

* Good reference text; clusters well with other Birkhauser integral equations & integral methods books (Estrada and Kanwal, Kythe/Puri, Constanda, et al).

* Includes many practical applications/techniques for applied mathematicians, physicists, engineers, grad students.

* The contributors to the volume draw from a number of physical domains and propose diverse treatments for various mathematical models through the use of integration as an essential solution tool.

* Physically meaningful problems in areas related to finite and boundary element techniques, conservation laws, hybrid approaches, ordinary and partial differential equations, and vortex methods are explored in a rigorous, accessible manner.

* The new results provided are a good starting point for future exploitation of the interdisciplinary potential of integration as a unifying methodology for the investigation of mathematical models.