Modern imaging techniques and computational simulations yield complex multi-valued data that require higher-order mathematical descriptors. This book addresses topics of importance when dealing with such data, including frameworks for image processing, visualization and statistical analysis of higher-order descriptors. It also provides examples of the successful use of higher-order descriptors in specific applications and a glimpse of the next generation of diffusion MRI. To do so, it combines contributions on new developments, current challenges in this area and state-of-the-art surveys. Compared to the increasing importance of higher-order descriptors in a range of applications, tools for analysis and processing are still relatively hard to come by. Even though application areas such as medical imaging, fluid dynamics and structural mechanics are very different in nature they face many shared challenges. This book provides an interdisciplinary perspective on this topic with contributions from key researchers in disciplines ranging from visualization and image processing to applications. It is based on the 5th Dagstuhl seminar on Visualization and Processing of Higher Order Descriptors for Multi-Valued Data. This book will appeal to scientists who are working to develop new analysis methods in the areas of image processing and visualization, as well as those who work with applications that generate higher-order data or could benefit from higher-order models and are searching for novel analytical tools.

This volume collects a selected number of papers presented at the International Workshop on Operator Theory and its Applications (IWOTA) held in July 2014 at Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam. Main developments in the broad area of operator theory are covered, with special emphasis on applications to science and engineering. The volume also presents papers dedicated to the eightieth birthday of Damir Arov and to the sixty-fifth birthday of Leiba Rodman, both leading figures in the area of operator theory and its applications, in particular, to systems theory.

This collection of peer-reviewed conference papers provides comprehensive coverage of cutting-edge research in topological approaches to data analysis and visualization. It encompasses the full range of new algorithms and insights, including fast homology computation, comparative analysis of simplification techniques, and key applications in materials and medical science. The volume also features material on core research challenges such as the representation of large and complex datasets and integrating numerical methods with robust combinatorial algorithms.

Reflecting the focus of the TopoInVis 2013 conference, the contributions evince the progress currently being made on finding experimental solutions to open problems in the sector. They provide an inclusive snapshot of state-of-the-art research that enables researchers to keep abreast of the latest developments and provides a foundation for future progress. With papers by some of the world s leading experts in topological techniques, this volume is a major contribution to the literature in a field of growing importance with applications in disciplines that range from engineering to medicine."

This book presents modern methods in functional analysis and operator theory along with their applications in recent research. The book also deals with the solvability of infinite systems of linear equations in various sequence spaces. It uses the classical sequence spaces, generalized Cesaro and difference operators to obtain calculations and simplifications of complicated spaces involving these operators. In order to make it self-contained, comprehensive and of interest to a larger mathematical community, the authors have presented necessary concepts with results for advanced research topics. This book is intended for graduate and postgraduate students, teachers and researchers as a basis for further research, advanced lectures and seminars.

Composed of papers presented at the 10th conference on Multiphase flow this book presents the latest research on the subject. The research included in this volume focuses on using synergies between experimental and computational techniques to gain a better understanding of all classes of multiphase and complex flow. The presented papers illustrate the close interaction between numerical modellers and researchers working to gradually resolve the many outstanding issues in our understanding of multiphase flow. Recently multiphase fluid dynamics have generated a great deal of attention, leading to many notable advances in experimental, analytical and numerical studies. Progress in numerical methods has permitted the solution of many practical problems, helping to improve our understanding of the physics involved. Multiphase flows are found in all areas of technology and the range of related problems of interest is vast, including astrophysics, biology, geophysics, atmospheric process, and many areas of engineering. The papers in the book cover a number of topics, including: Experimental measurements; Numerical methods; Multiphase flows and Flow in porous media.

In this text, a theory for general linear parabolic partial differential equations is established which covers equations with inhomogeneous symbol structure as well as mixed-order systems. Typical applications include several variants of the Stokes system and free boundary value problems. We show well-posedness in "Lp-Lq"-Sobolev spaces in time and space for the linear problems (i.e., maximal regularity) which is the key step for the treatment of nonlinear problems. The theory is based on the concept of the Newton polygon and can cover equations which are not accessible by standard methods as, e.g., semigroup theory. Results are obtained in different types of non-integer "Lp"-Sobolev spaces as Besov spaces, Bessel potential spaces, and Triebel Lizorkin spaces. The last-mentioned class appears in a natural way as traces of "Lp-Lq"-Sobolev spaces. We also present a selection of applications in the whole space and on half-spaces. Among others, we prove well-posedness of the linearizations of the generalized thermoelastic plate equation, the two-phase Navier Stokes equations with Boussinesq Scriven surface, and the "Lp-Lq" two-phase Stefan problem with Gibbs Thomson correction. "

The monograph is written with a view to provide basic tools for researchers working in Mathematical Analysis and Applications, concentrating on differential, integral and finite difference equations. It contains many inequalities which have only recently appeared in the literature and which can be used as powerful tools and will be a valuable source for a long time to come. It is self-contained and thus should be useful for those who are interested in learning or applying the inequalities with explicit estimates in their studies.
- Contains a variety of inequalities discovered which find numerous applications in various branches of differential, integral and finite difference equations.
- Many inequalities which have only recently discovered in the literature and can not yet be found in bother book.
- A valuable reference for someone requiring results about inequalities for use in some applications in various other branches of mathematics.
- Will be of interest to researchers working both in pure and applied mathematics and other areas of science and technology, and it could also be used as a text for an advanced graduate course.
- Contains a variety of inequalities discovered which find numerous applications in various branches of differential, integral and finite difference equations
- Valuable reference for someone requiring results about inequalities for use in some applications in various other branches of mathematics
- Highlights pure and applied mathematics and other areas of science and technology

Some extremum and unilateral boundary value problems in viscous hydrodynamics.- On axisymmetric motion of the fluid with a free surface.- On the occurrence of singularities in axisymmetrical problems of hele-shaw type.- New asymptotic method for solving of mixed boundary value problems.- Some results on the thermistor problem.- New applications of energy methods to parabolic and elliptic free boundary problems.- A localized finite element method for nonlinear water wave problems.- Approximate method of investigation of normal oscillations of viscous incompressible liquid in container.- The classical Stefan problem as the limit case of the Stefan problem with a kinetic condition at the free boundary.- A mathematical model of oscillations energy dissipation of viscous liquid in a tank.- Existence of the classical solution of a two-phase multidimensional Stefan problem on any finite time interval.- Asymptotic theory of propagation of nonstationary surface and internal waves over uneven bottom.- Multiparametric problems of two-dimensional free boundary seepage.- Nonisothermal two-phase filtration in porous media.- Explicit solution of time-dependent free boundary problems.- Nonequilibrium phase transitions in frozen grounds.- System of variational inequalities arising in nonlinear diffusion with phase change.- Contact viscoelastoplastic problem for a beam.- Application of a finite-element method to two-dimensional contact problems.- Computations of a gas bubble motion in liquid.- Waves on the liquid-gas free surface in the presence of the acoustic field in gas.- Smooth bore in a two-layer fluid.- Numerical calculation of movable free and contact boundaries in problems of dynamic deformation of viscoelastic bodies.- On the canonical variables for two-dimensional vortex hydrodynamics of incompressible fluid.- About the method with regularization for solving the contact problem in elasticity.- Space evolution of tornado-like vortex core.- Optimal shape design for parabolic system and two-phase Stefan problem.- Incompressible fluid flows with free boundary and the methods for their research.- On the Stefan problems for the system of equations arising in the modelling of liquid-phase epitaxy processes.- Stefan problem with surface tension as a limit of the phase field model.- The modelization of transformation phase via the resolution of an inclusion problem with moving boundary.- To the problem of constructing weak solutions in dynamic elastoplasticity.- The justification of the conjugate conditions for the Euler's and Darcy's equations.- On an evolution problem of thermo-capillary convection.- Front tracking methods for one-dimensional moving boundary problems.- On Cauchy problem for long wave equations.- On fixed point (trial) methods for free boundary problems.- Nonlinear theory of dynamics of a viscous fluid with a free boundary in the process of a solid body wetting.

The purpose of this volume is to explore new bridges between different research areas involved in the theory and applications of the fractional calculus. In particular, it collects scientific and original contributions to the development of the theory of nonlocal and fractional operators. Special attention is given to the applications in mathematical physics, as well as in probability. Numerical methods aimed to the solution of problems with fractional differential equations are also treated in the book. The contributions have been presented during the international workshop "Nonlocal and Fractional Operators", held in Sapienza University of Rome, in April 2019, and dedicated to the retirement of Prof. Renato Spigler (University Roma Tre). Therefore we also wish to dedicate this volume to this occasion, in order to celebrate his scientific contributions in the field of numerical analysis and fractional calculus. The book is suitable for mathematicians, physicists and applied scientists interested in the various aspects of fractional calculus.

Classification of Lipschitz Mappings presents a systematic, self-contained treatment of a new classification of Lipschitz mappings and its application in many topics of metric fixed point theory. Suitable for readers interested in metric fixed point theory, differential equations, and dynamical systems, the book only requires a basic background in functional analysis and topology. The author focuses on a more precise classification of Lipschitzian mappings. The mean Lipschitz condition introduced by Goebel, Japon Pineda, and Sims is relatively easy to check and turns out to satisfy several principles: Regulating the possible growth of the sequence of Lipschitz constants k(Tn) Ensuring good estimates for k0(T) and k (T) Providing some new results in metric fixed point theory

The classical optimal control theory deals with the determination of an optimal control that optimizes the criterion subjects to the dynamic constraint expressing the evolution of the system state under the influence of control variables. If this is extended to the case of multiple controllers (also called players) with different and sometimes conflicting optimization criteria (payoff function) it is possible to begin to explore differential games. Zero-sum differential games, also called differential games of pursuit, constitute the most developed part of differential games and are rigorously investigated. In this book, the full theory of differential games of pursuit with complete and partial information is developed. Numerous concrete pursuit-evasion games are solved ("life-line" games, simple pursuit games, etc.), and new time-consistent optimality principles in the n-person differential game theory are introduced and investigated.

This book collects 10 mathematical essays on approximation in Analysis and Topology by some of the most influent mathematicians of the last third of the 20th Century. Besides the papers contain the very ultimate results in each of their respective fields, many of them also include a series of historical remarks about the state of mathematics at the time they found their most celebrated results, as well as some of their personal circumstances originating them, which makes particularly attractive the book for all scientist interested in these fields, from beginners to experts. These gem pieces of mathematical intra-history should delight to many forthcoming generations of mathematicians, who will enjoy some of the most fruitful mathematics of the last third of 20th century presented by their own authors.

This book covers a wide range of new mathematical results. Among them, the most advanced characterisations of very weak versions of the classical maximum principle, the very last results on global bifurcation theory, algebraic multiplicities, general dependencies of solutions of boundary value problems with respect to variations of the underlying domains, the deepest available results in rapid monotone schemes applied to the resolution of non-linear boundary value problems, the intra-history of the the genesis of the first general global continuation results in the context of periodic solutions of nonlinear periodic systems, as well as the genesis of the coincidence degree, some novel applications of the topological degree for ascertaining the stability of the periodic solutions of some classical families of periodic second order equations,
the resolution of a number of conjectures related to some very celebrated approximation problems in topology and inverse problems, as well as a number of applications to engineering, an extremely sharp discussion of the problem of approximating topological spaces by polyhedra using various techniques based on inverse systems, as well as homotopy expansions, and the Bishop-Phelps theorem.

Key features:

- It contains a number of seminal contributions by some of the most world leading mathematicians of the second half of the 20th Century.

- The papers cover a complete range of topics, from the intra-history of the involved mathematics to the very last developments in Differential Equations, Inverse Problems, Analysis, Nonlinear Analysis and Topology.

- All contributed papers are self-contained works containing rather complete list of references on each of the subjects covered.

- The book contains some of the very last findings concerning the maximum principle, the theory of monotone schemes in nonlinear problems, the theory of algebraic multiplicities, global bifurcation theory, dynamics of periodic equations and systems, inverse problems and approximation in topology.

- The papers are extremely well written and directed to a wide audience, from beginners to experts. An excellent occasion to become engaged with some of the most fruitful mathematics developed during the last decades.
. It contains a number of seminal contributions by some of the most world leading mathematicians of the second half of the 20th Century.
. The papers cover a complete range of topics, from the intra-history of the involved mathematics to the very last developments in Differential Equations, Inverse Problems, Analysis, Nonlinear Analysis and Topology.
. All contributed papers are self-contained works containing rather complete list of references on each of the subjects covered.
. The book contains some of the very last findings concerning the maximum principle, the theory of monotone schemes in nonlinear problems, the theory of algebraic multiplicities, global bifurcation theory, dynamics of periodic equations and systems, inverse problems and approximation in topology.
. The papers are extremely well written and directed to a wide audience, from beginners to experts. An excellent occasion to become engaged with some of the most fruitful mathematics developed during the last decades."

Focused on recent advances, this book covers theoretical foundations as well as various applications. It presents modern mathematical modeling approaches to the qualitative and numerical analysis of solutions for complex engineering problems in physics, mechanics, biochemistry, geophysics, biology and climatology. Contributions by an international team of respected authors bridge the gap between abstract mathematical approaches, such as applied methods of modern analysis, algebra, fundamental and computational mechanics, nonautonomous and stochastic dynamical systems on the one hand, and practical applications in nonlinear mechanics, optimization, decision making theory and control theory on the other. As such, the book will be of interest to mathematicians and engineers working at the interface of these fields.

This book provides a systematic and thorough overview of the classical bending members based on the theory for thin beams (shear-rigid) according to Euler-Bernoulli, and the theories for thick beams (shear-flexible) according to Timoshenko and Levinson. The understanding of basic, i.e., one-dimensional structural members, is essential in applied mechanics. A systematic and thorough introduction to the theoretical concepts for one-dimensional members keeps the requirements on engineering mathematics quite low, and allows for a simpler transfer to higher-order structural members. The new approach in this textbook is that it treats single-plane bending in the x-y plane as well in the x-z plane equivalently and applies them to the case of unsymmetrical bending. The fundamental understanding of these one-dimensional members allows a simpler understanding of thin and thick plate bending members. Partial differential equations lay the foundation to mathematically describe the mechanical behavior of all classical structural members known in engineering mechanics. Based on the three basic equations of continuum mechanics, i.e., the kinematics relationship, the constitutive law, and the equilibrium equation, these partial differential equations that describe the physical problem can be derived. Nevertheless, the fundamental knowledge from the first years of engineering education, i.e., higher mathematics, physics, materials science, applied mechanics, design, and programming skills, might be required to master this topic.

This volume covers some of the most seminal research in the areas of mathematical analysis and numerical computation for nonlinear phenomena. Collected from the international conference held in honor of Professor Yoshikazu Giga's 60th birthday, the featured research papers and survey articles discuss partial differential equations related to fluid mechanics, electromagnetism, surface diffusion, and evolving interfaces. Specific focus is placed on topics such as the solvability of the Navier-Stokes equations and the regularity, stability, and symmetry of their solutions, analysis of a living fluid, stochastic effects and numerics for Maxwell's equations, nonlinear heat equations in critical spaces, viscosity solutions describing various kinds of interfaces, numerics for evolving interfaces, and a hyperbolic obstacle problem. Also included in this volume are an introduction of Yoshikazu Giga's extensive academic career and a long list of his published work. Students and researchers in mathematical analysis and computation will find interest in this volume on theoretical study for nonlinear phenomena.

This book offers a self-contained introduction to the theory of Lyapunov exponents and its applications, mainly in connection with hyperbolicity, ergodic theory and multifractal analysis. It discusses the foundations and some of the main results and main techniques in the area, while also highlighting selected topics of current research interest. With the exception of a few basic results from ergodic theory and the thermodynamic formalism, all the results presented include detailed proofs. The book is intended for all researchers and graduate students specializing in dynamical systems who are looking for a comprehensive overview of the foundations of the theory and a sample of its applications.

The topics in this research monograph are at the interface of several areas of mathematics such as harmonic analysis, functional analysis, analysis on spaces of homogeneous type, topology, and quasi-metric geometry. The presentation is self-contained with complete, detailed proofs, and a large number of examples and counterexamples are provided.

Unique features of "Metrization Theory for Groupoids: With Applications to Analysis on Quasi-Metric Spaces and Functional Analysis" include:

* treatment of metrization from a wide, interdisciplinary perspective, with accompanying applications ranging across diverse fields;

* coverage of topics applicable to a variety of scientific areas within pure mathematics;

* useful techniques and extensive reference material;

* includes sharp results in the field of metrization.

Professional mathematicians with a wide spectrum of mathematical interests will find this book to be a useful resource and complete self-study guide. At the same time, the monograph is accessible and will be of use to advanced graduate students and to scientifically trained readers with an interest in the interplay among topology and metric properties and/or functional analysis and metric properties.

* coverage of topics applicable to a variety of scientific areas within pure mathematics;

* useful techniques and extensive reference material;

* includes sharp results in the field of metrization.

Professional mathematicians with a wide spectrum of mathematical interests will find this book to be a useful resource and complete self-study guide. At the same time, the monograph is accessible and will be of use to advanced graduate students and to scientifically trained readers with an interest in the interplay among topology and metric properties and/or functional analysis and metric properties.

* useful techniques and extensive reference material;

* includes sharp results in the field of metrization.

Professional mathematicians with a wide spectrum of mathematical interests will find this book to be a useful resource and complete self-study guide. At the same time, the monograph is accessible and will be of use to advanced graduate students and to scientifically trained readers with an interest in the interplay among topology and metric properties and/or functional analysis and metric properties.

* includes sharp results in the field of metrization.

Professional mathematicians with a wide spectrum of mathematical interests will find this book to be a useful resource and complete self-study guide. At the same time, the monograph is accessible and will be of use to advanced graduate students and to scientifically trained readers with an interest in the interplay among topology and metric properties and/or functional analysis and metric properties.

Professional mathematicians with a wide spectrum of mathematical interests will find this book to be a useful resource and complete self-study guide. At the same time, the monograph is accessible and will be of use to advanced graduate students and to scientifically trained readers with an interest in the interplay among topology and metric properties and/or functional analysis and metric properties.

The fundamental contributions made by the late Victor Lomonosov in several areas of analysis are revisited in this book, in particular, by presenting new results and future directions from world-recognized specialists in the field. The invariant subspace problem, Burnside's theorem, and the Bishop-Phelps theorem are discussed in detail. This volume is an essential reference to both researchers and graduate students in mathematical analysis.

The monograph gives a detailed exposition of the theory of general elliptic operators (scalar and matrix) and elliptic boundary value problems in Hilbert scales of Hormander function spaces. This theory was constructed by the authors in a number of papers published in 2005 2009. It is distinguished by a systematic use of the method of interpolation with a functional parameter of abstract Hilbert spaces and Sobolev inner product spaces. This method, the theory and their applications are expounded for the first time in the monographic literature. The monograph is written in detail and in a reader-friendly style. The complete proofs of theorems are given. This monograph is intended for a wide range of mathematicians whose research interests concern with mathematical analysis and differential equations."

In this book, the author compares the meaning of stability in different subfields of numerical mathematics.

Concept of Stability in numerical mathematics opens by examining the stability of finite algorithms. A more precise definition of stability holds for quadrature and interpolation methods, which the following chapters focus on. The discussion then progresses to the numerical treatment of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). While one-step methods for ODEs are always stable, this is not the case for hyperbolic or parabolic differential equations, which are investigated next. The final chapters discuss stability for discretisations of elliptic differential equations and integral equations.

In comparison among the subfields we discuss the practical importance of stability and the possible conflict between higher consistency order and stability.

"

For one- or two-semester junior orsenior level courses in Advanced Calculus, Analysis I, or Real Analysis. This title is part of the Pearson Modern Classicsseries. This text prepares students for future coursesthat use analytic ideas, such as real and complex analysis, partial andordinary differential equations, numerical analysis, fluid mechanics, anddifferential geometry. This book is designed to challenge advanced studentswhile encouraging and helping weaker students. Offering readability,practicality and flexibility, Wade presents fundamental theorems and ideas froma practical viewpoint, showing students the motivation behind the mathematicsand enabling them to construct their own proofs.

The monograph addresses some problems particularly with regard to ill-posedness of boundary value problems and problems where we cannot expect to have uniqueness of their solutions in the standard functional spaces. Bringing original and previous results together, it tackles computational challenges by exploiting methods of approximation and asymptotic analysis and harnessing differences between optimal control problems and their underlying PDEs

This volume presents selected papers by the brilliant Uruguayan mathematician Ricardo Mane, known for his outstanding contributions to dynamical systems and ergodic theory. He was a student of Jacob Palis at IMPA and pursued his whole scientific career at IMPA. Mane was invited to speak twice in the section of Ordinary Differential Equations and Dynamical Systems, at the International Congress of Mathematics held in Warsaw in 1983 and in Zurich in 1994. He was also a speaker at the Colloquium organized by the Societe Mathematique de France, celebrating R. Thom's 65 anniversary. In 1994, he became a member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences and was awarded the Third World Academy of Sciences Prize for Mathematics.

The application of methodological approaches and mathematical formalisms proper to Physics and Engineering to investigate and describe biological processes and design biological structures has led to the development of many disciplines in the context of computational biology and biotechnology. The best known applicative domain is tissue engineering and its branches. Recent domains of interest are in the field of biophysics, e.g.: multiscale mechanics of biological membranes and films and filaments; multiscale mechanics of adhesion; biomolecular motors and force generation.

Modern hypotheses, models, and tools are currently emerging and resulting from the convergence of the methods and phylosophycal apporaches of the different research areas and disciplines. All these emerging approaches share the purpose of disentangling the complexity of organisms, tissues, and cells and mimiking the function of living systems.

The contributions presented in this book are current research highlights of six challenging and representative applicative domains of phyisical, engineering, and computational approaches in medicine and biology, i.e tissue engineering, modelling of molecular structures, cell mechanics and cell adhesion processes, cancer physics, and physico-chemical processes of metabolic interactions. Each chapter presents a compendium or a review of the original results achieved by authors in the last years. Furthermore, the book also wants to pinpoint the questions that are still open and that could propel the future research.