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Books > Social sciences > Sociology, social studies > Anthropology
Being a first of its kind, this volume comprises a
multi-disciplinary exploration of Mozambique's contemporary and
historical dynamics, bringing together scholars from across the
globe. Focusing on the country's vibrant cultural, political,
economic and social world - including the transition from the
colonial to the postcolonial era - the book argues that Mozambique
is a country still emergent, still unfolding, still on the move.
Drawing on the disciplines of history, literature studies,
anthropology, political science, economy and art history, the book
serves not only as a generous introduction to Mozambique but also
as a case study of a southern African country. Contributors are:
Signe Arnfred, Bjorn Enge Bertelsen, Jose Luis Cabaco, Ana Benard
da Costa, Anna Maria Gentili, Ana Margarida Fonseca, Randi Kaarhus,
Sheila Pereira Khan, Maria Paula Meneses, Lia Quartapelle, Amy
Schwartzott, Leonor Simas-Almeida, Anne Sletsjoe, Sandra Sousa,
Linda van de Kamp.
Thanks to Renzo Duin's annotated translation, the voice of Lodewijk
Schmidt-an Afrodiasporic Saramaka Maroon from Suriname-is finally
available for Anglophone audiences worldwide. More than anything
else, Schmidt's journals constitute meticulous ethnographic
accounts telling the tragic story of the Indigenous Peoples of the
Eastern Guiana Highlands (northern Brazil and southern French
Guiana and Suriname). Schmidt's is a story that takes account of
the pathological mechanisms of colonialism in which Indigenous
Peoples and African Diaspora communities-both victims of
colonialism-vilify each other, falling privy to the
divide-and-conquer mentality mechanisms of colonialism. Moreover,
silenced in the original 1942 publication, Schmidt was sent on a
covert mission to determine if the Nazis had established bases and
airfields at the southern border of Suriname. Schmidt described the
precariousness of the Amazonian forest and the Indigenous Peoples
and African Diasporic people who lived and continue to live there,
drawing on language that foreshadows our current anthropic and
ecological concerns. Duin's profound knowledge of the history,
geography, and ecology of the region contextualizes Schmidt's
accounts in a new introduction and in his analysis and afterthought
forces us to take account of the catastrophe that is deforestation
and ethnocide of the Indigenous Peoples of Amazonian Guiana.
Lodewijk J. Schmidt (1898-1992) Saramaka from Gansee (modern
Saamaka spelling: Ganze; pronounced Ganze), upper Suriname river,
Suriname, South America. The Saramaka are one of the largest
African Diaspora communities in Suriname. He was educated by the
Herrnhutters in the school of the Moravian Church, and during the
mid-twentieth century he took part in several momentous
expeditions, such as the 1935-38 Border Expedition between Suriname
and Brazil. The present work is the annotated translation of his
accounts of a tri-partite expedition conducted between 1940 and
1942 at and across the southern border of Suriname. Renzo S. Duin
(1974) obtained a PhD in Anthropology from the University of
Florida (USA). Between 1996 and 2019 he conducted over 40 months of
fieldwork in the Guianas (Suriname, French Guiana, and Guyana). His
research and publications cover a broad range of topics:
socio-political landscape studies; material culture; intangible
heritage; social memory; oral history; identity; ethno-astronomy;
historical ecology; decolonization; and the intertwining nature of
these topics, and as such offers an alternative to the twentieth
century model of tropical forest cultures in Amazonia.
In 2007, while researching mountain culture in upstate South
Carolina, anthropologist John M. Coggeshall stumbled upon the small
community of Liberia, in the Blue Ridge foothills. There he met
Mable Owens Clarke and her family, the remaining members of a small
African American community still living on land obtained
immediately after the Civil War. This intimate history tells the
story of five generations of the Clarke family and their friends
and neighbors, chronicling their struggles through slavery,
Reconstruction, the Jim Crow era, and the desegregation of the
state. Through hours of interviews with Mable and her relatives, as
well as friends and neighbors, Coggeshall presents an ethnographic
history that allows a largely ignored community to speak and record
their own history for the first time. This story sheds new light on
the African American experience in Appalachia, and in it Coggeshall
documents the community's 150-year history of resistance to white
oppression, while offering a new way to understand the symbolic
relationship between residents and the land they occupy, tying
together family, memory, and narratives to explain this connection.
South Asia is home to more than a billion Hindus and half a billion
Muslims. But the region is also home to substantial Christian
communities, some dating almost to the earliest days of the faith.
The stories of South Asia's Christians are vital for understanding
the shifting contours of World Christianity, precisely because of
their history of interaction with members of these other religious
traditions. In this broad, accessible overview of South Asian
Christianity, Chandra Mallampalli shows how the faith has been
shaped by Christians' location between Hindus and Muslims.
Mallampalli begins with a discussion of South India's ancient
Thomas Christian tradition, which interacted with West Asia's
Persian Christians and thrived for centuries alongside their Hindu
and Muslim neighbours. He then underscores efforts of Roman
Catholic and Protestant missionaries to understand South Asian
societies for purposes of conversion. The publication of books and
tracts about other religions, interreligious debates, and
aggressive preaching were central to these endeavours, but rarely
succeeded at yielding converts. Instead, they played an important
role in producing a climate of religious competition, which
ultimately marginalized Christians in Hindu-, Muslim-, and
Buddhist-majority countries of post-colonial South Asia.
Ironically, the greatest response to Christianity came from poor
and oppressed Dalit (formerly "untouchable") and tribal communities
who were largely indifferent to missionary rhetoric. Their mass
conversions, poetry, theology, and embrace of Pentecostalism are
essential for understanding South Asian Christianity and its place
within World Christianity today.
This impressive and inspiring volume has as its modest origins the
documentation of a contemporary collecting project for the British
Museum. Informed by curators' critiques of uneven collections
accompanied by highly variable information, Sillitoe set out with
the ambition of recording the totality of the material culture of
the Wola of the southern highlands of Papua New Guinea, at a time
when the study of artefacts was neglected in university
anthropology departments. His achievements, presented in this
second edition of Made in Nuigini with a new contextualizing
preface and foreword, brought a new standard of ethnography to the
incipient revival of material culture studies, and opened up the
importance of close attention to technology and material
assemblages for anthropology. The `economy' fundamentally concerns
the material aspects of life, and as Sillitoe makes clear, Wola
attitudes and behaviour in this regard are radically different to
those of the West, with emphasis on `maker users' and egalitarian
access to resources going hand in hand with their stateless and
libertarian principles. The project begun in Made in Niugini, which
necessarily restricted itself to moveable artefacts, is continued
and extended by the newly published companion volume Built in
Niugini, which deals with immoveable structures and buildings. It
argues that the study of material constructions offers an
unparalleled opportunity to address fundamental philosophical
questions about tacit knowledge and the human condition.
Shinto, Nature and Ideology in Contemporary Japan is the first
systematic study of Shinto's environmental turn. The book traces
the development in recent decades of the idea of Shinto as an
'ancient nature religion,' and a resource for overcoming
environmental problems. The volume shows how these ideas gradually
achieved popularity among scientists, priests, Shinto-related new
religious movements and, eventually, the conservative shrine
establishment. Aike P. Rots argues that central to this development
is the notion of chinju no mori: the sacred groves surrounding many
Shinto shrines. Although initially used to refer to remaining areas
of primary or secondary forest, today the term has come to be
extended to any sort of shrine land, signifying not only historical
and ecological continuity but also abstract values such as
community spirit, patriotism and traditional culture. The book
shows how Shinto's environmental turn has also provided legitimacy
internationally: influenced by the global discourse on religion and
ecology, in recent years the Shinto establishment has actively
engaged with international organizations devoted to the
conservation of sacred sites. Shinto sacred forests thus carry
significance locally as well as nationally and internationally, and
figure prominently in attempts to reposition Shinto in the centre
of public space.
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