The book describes the alliance, since the mid-1980s, of the entrepreneurs of the Chinese diaspora with the new locally based industrialisation that reform in China has allowed to flourish in its townships and villages. The synergy between these two derives from the ability of small non-bureaucratic actors on both sides to establish networks based on personal trust and reciprocity, producing a new kind of transformative development-from-below in which established Western and Japanese multinationals have little role.

A compendium of articles that focus on how communities can be viewed from an organizational context, and how organizations are using communities to leverage external stakeholders, such as customers and suppliers. "Communities" are any cross-organizational subset of people that share a common knowledge, and these communities are the vehicle for social capital Within all communities are informal clusters of individuals who work together - sharing knowledge, solving common problems and exchanging insights and frustrations. When appropriately supported by the formal organization, these "communities" play a critical role: they are the major building blocks in creating, sharing and applying organizational knowledge Organizations ranging from British Petroleum to the World Bank have begun to invest time, energy and money in supporting their own communities, viewing these groups as essential vehicles for managing their organizational knowledge as a necessity to maintain competitive advantage. This book looks at how they achieve success using this approach.

International migration and urbanization are key dimensions of the process of socioeconomic development. The unprecedented movement of peoples within the borders of their own countries is undoubtedly one of the greatest transformations of humankind witnessed in the 20th century. International migration, while it has received perhaps less attention, is an equally important process in many societies. Policy analysts, especially those from developing countries where the phe nomenon of internal migration can be felt first hand, view migration as among the most important factors affecting the course of development. They conSistently report that understanding the causes and effects of internal migration and urbanization is vital to putting in place poliCies to cope with the stresses and harness the potentials of migration in the most efficient way possible. The world's population will surpass the 6 billion mark in 1998. In just a few years more, another demographic landmark will be reached when over half of the world's population will be urban dwellers. From that point on, the world is forecast to become increasingly urban. Latin America has already gone through this urban revolution and now has an urban population about three times larger than its rural popula tion. In the area of urbanization, the greatest changes in the future will occur in Mrica and Asia whose populations are still only about 35 percent urban."

An edited collection exploring divisions and changes within and between the spheres of consumption and production. Topics include: the relationship between consumption and production; the social construction of consumers; housing and social class mobility; health provision; the role of the 'service class'; and access to higher education. Peter Saunders' work provides the initial stimulus for many of the papers, but all go beyond his narrow conception of a sociology of consumption and his liberal analysis of patterns of social inequality.

This fascinating book is an insightful exploration of Western perceptions and representations of Japanese culture and society, drawing on social and cultural psychological ideas around stereotypes and intercultural relations. Hinton considers how the West views the Japanese as an ideologically different 'other', and proposes a cultural theory of stereotypes from which to explore Western observations of the Japanese. The book explores Western socio-cultural representations of the Japanese alongside Edward Said's well-known theory of Orientalism. It examines the West's intercultural relationship with Japan, and how this has changed over time, to show how the Japanese have been represented in the Western mind throughout history, to the present day. Hinton argues that our view of other cultures is based on our own cultural expectations, which involve complex issues of meaning making and perceived cultural differences. This book foregrounds this research through accounts of Westerners about the Japanese, to reveal how cultural representations can influence the ways in which people from different cultures communicate in interaction, and how intercultural understanding or misunderstanding can arise. By reflecting on the changing Western representations of the Japanese, and how and why these have emerged, this book will be of interest to students, academics, and general readers interested in stereotypes, cultural psychology, intercultural communication, and Japanese culture and history.

Little has been written on Palestinian society and almost nothing on the Christian communities. This book aims to fill that gap: to portray this unknown segment of Palestinian society and to describe the rich mosaic of the religious communities in Jerusalem. The work deals with the various aspects and problems of this minority within a minority--such as emigration, integration within the surrounding society, and the Christian Churches' position within the national states of Jordan and Israel. A major section deals with the Christians during the Intifada: the extent of their participation and involvement in it, as well as their national dilemma and search for identity. This work will be of interest to scholars and students in Middle Eastern studies, specifically the religious and social history of the Middle East.

The intercultural occurs in the space between two or more distinct cultures that encounter each other, an area where meanings are translated and difference is negotiated. In this volume, scholars from diverse disciplines reflect on the phenomenon of interculturality and on the theoretical and methodological frameworks of interpreting it

There is no escaping the fact that the island biogeography of the North Atlantic Region is singularly peculiar. Sitting in the north of the Atlantic Ocean, these islands have been subjected to largescale shifts in climate over the last few million years, unlike the other island groups further south which were likely more buffered from the vicissitudes of Quaternary climate changes. Uniquely for a group of islands there is only one documented extinction in the North Atlantic (the Great Auk), and those in the insects are local events relating to species that are distributed throughout the Palaearctic region. Over half the insect species in Iceland and Greenland are introduced. The faunas, excluding Greenland, are predominantly of Palaearctic origin and have close affinities with the faunas of Scandinavia and the British Isles and. These unique physical and biological characteristics have interested biologists and biogeographers for centuries. The key debates concerning the biogeography of the North Atlantic islands still rumble on: Do the biota reflect cryptic refugia or otherwise, or tabula rasa and recolonization? How important were human communities in shaping the existing biota and biogeographical patterns? Throw into this mix current concerns over global warming, and we can now ask, how resilient is the biota to change, either natural or anthropogenic? This volume draws together a range of researchers with longstanding research interests in the region, from diverse academic backgrounds, to evaluate some of these questions.

First published in 1998. This is the fifth volume of the Race, Class and Social Structure series. In this study of co-operative living Doctor Henrik Infield has chosen the Kvutza as a type of rural settlement already of the highest value to the Jewish National Home in Palestine, and probably of far-reaching significance in the future much beyond its borders. Doctor Infield writes not only as an acute observer of social relationships, but also as one who has lived with the workers of the Kvutzot.

First published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

There is a perceived North-South divide in British politics. In this study, William Field points out that this divide marks the resurgence of a core-periphery cleavage which was also dominant in British politics in the years before 1914. He shows how similar the geographical pattern of the vote was in the general election of 1989 to that in the two general elections of 1910, the last before the outbreak of World War I. Many of the same constitution issues - devolution and reform of the second chamber were coming to the fore then.

Part of a series that offers mainly linguistic and anthropological research and teaching/learning material on a region of great cultural and strategic interest and importance in the post-Soviet era.

ANC land reform started on a good footing with the RDP, but has since moved to a policy of supporting entrepreneurial emerging middle-class black farmers rather than the immiserated rural subsistence farmers. This has shifted government funding and support towards the urban areas leaving rural areas destitute.

In State Power in Land Reform, the author relies on a robust theoretical frame, extensive policy analysis and empirical data to advocate for a new engagement with local communities through rejuvenated municipalities, that is, through strong local institutions.

State Power in Land Reform provides a valuable analytical account for both the historian and the archive.

"Trends in World Social Development" explores the dynamics and long-term consequences of the widening gap between the world's rich and poor nations. Building on his prior work, The Social Progress of Nations, this new volume reports both statistical and field observational data pertinent to the international, social, and political events of the 1980s through 1986. Highlights of this up-dated work include: a refined Index of Social Progress containing new indicators; detailed data on patterns of national and regional development; an analysis of trends in social development in 124 nations; and an examination of the People's Republic of China.

Barrie Gunter and Jill McAleer examine the research evidence into the effects of television on children and their reponses to it. They conclude that children are more sophisticated viewers than we often give them credit for, and control television far more than it controls them.
This completely revised second edition of Children and Television brings the story of children and television right up to date and includes a discussion of the new entertainment media now available.

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What does cultural analysis have to offer development studies? Is culture a new paradigm for the study of development or a minefield of theoretical confusion? Can we move beyond notions of "global culture" and "local culture" to a more refined notion of cultural processes?
This collection of articles addresses these issues providing a diversity of approaches. Two themes in particular run through the contributions: the relationship between culture and political economy and the relationship between local and global processes.

This is the fifth volume in a series designed to publish theoretical, empirical and review papers on scientific human ecology. Human ecology is interpreted to include structural and functional changes in human social organization and sociocultural systems as these changes may be affected by, interdepent with, or identical to changes in ecosystemic, evolutionary or ethological processes factors or mechanisms. Three degrees of scope are included in this interpretation: the adaptation of sociocultural forces to bioecological forces; the interactions, two-way adaptations, between sociocultural and bioecological forces; and the integration, or unified interactions, of sociocultural with bioecological forces.

In die vierde deel van die reeks Imperiale somer word aan Marabastad, die separatistiese kerke, die opkoms van die Afrikaners in die naoorlogsjare, die emigrasie van blankes na Oos-Afrika ná die oorlog, en die veldtog ten behoewe van die Indiërbevolking onder leiding van Gandhi aandag gegee. Anekdotes en kameebeskrywings kleur die vertelling in.

Dié deel lewer 'n belangrike bydrae tot 'n voorheen minder bekende tydperk in die Suid-Afrikaanse geskiedenis en sal 'n wye leespubliek en nie net vakkundiges nie boei.

The third revolution in human history--after the neolithic agrarian revolution and the modern industrial one--is the revolution of the professionals. Harold Perkin's brilliant new book examines the world's leading professional societies since World War II--the free market economies of the United States, Britain, France, West Germany, and Japan, and the defunct command economies of the Soviet Union and East Germany--and their domination by professional elites, notably state bureaucrats and corporate executives.
Perkins highlights their extraordinary achievements--the highest living standards and the longest, healthiest, most rewarding lives in human history--but warns of the self-destructive greed and corruption which threaten the future of us all.

Sudbury, Ontario is one of the world's most polluted areas. A century of industrial activities has resulted in thousands of acidified lakes and vast areas of denuded land. This book describes, in a manner accessible to a wide audience, the damage and the efforts at environmental restoration at Sudbury which resulted in its winning a United Nations award in 1992 for land reclamation.
The book has been written by a distinguished group of contributors, ranging from experts in acid rain and land reclamation to environmental engineers and toxicologists.

"This book brings together fascinating testimonies from thirty inhabitants of the Kommunalka, the communal apartments that were the norm in housing in the cities of Russia during the whole history of the Soviet Union. The Kommunalka was perhaps the most important social experiment undertaken by the Soviet regime, having arguably as much if not more of an effect on the outlook of inhabitants than external political realities. Beginning in 1920, almost overnight, multiple Russian families were crammed together into single apartments, purposefully chosen to represent different classes in the same space. The intent was not just to level out class differences, but also to create spy systems within homes so as to extend the governments surveillance abilities and its control over daily life"--