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Books > Earth & environment > Regional & area planning > Urban & municipal planning > General

Dialogues in Urban and Regional Planning 6 - The Right to the City (Paperback): Christopher Silver, Robert Freestone,... Dialogues in Urban and Regional Planning 6 - The Right to the City (Paperback)
Christopher Silver, Robert Freestone, Christophe Demaziere
R1,475 Discovery Miles 14 750 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

The Dialogues in Urban and Regional Planning series offers a selection of some of the best scholarship in urban and regional planning from around the world. The internationally recognized authors of these award-winning papers take up a range of salient issues from the theory and practice of planning. This 6th volume incorporates essays that explore the salient issue commonly referred to as "The Right to the City." This theme speaks to a growing new movement within planning theory and practice with multiple aims and strategies but with the common objective of advancing a more just and equitable world. The right to the city functions as a manifesto advancing academic explorations of the opportunities for, and barriers to, expanding human and environmental justice. At the same time, it extends beyond academic inquiry to engage directly with the policy, legal and political dimensions of human rights. The right to the city has been invoked by global bodies such as United Nations-Habitat and the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization to bolster not only their agendas around fundamental human rights but advance urban policies promoting inclusion, sustainability, and resilience. Dialogues 6 offers engaging explorations into the academic expeditions by the global planning community that have helped to energize this movement. The papers assembled here through processes of peer review represent an invaluable collection to untangle the complexities of this dynamic new approach to urban and regional planning. The Dialogues in Urban and Regional Planning (DURP) series is published in association with the Global Planning Education Association Network (GPEAN) and its member national and transnational planning schools associations.

Public Housing in Europe and America (Hardcover): J. S. Fuerst Public Housing in Europe and America (Hardcover)
J. S. Fuerst; Foreword by Philip Hauser
R3,226 Discovery Miles 32 260 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1974, this book surveys the experience of public and quasi public housing in the UK, USA, France, Germany, the former USSR, Israel, Denmark, Sweden, Hungary and Puerto Rico. Each country's housing policy is set in a broad social and historical context, showing how the policy developed and how effective it was. Administrative problems encountered in different countries are evaluated and compared and many similarities emerge. The relationship of housing to transport, education and employment is discussed and special attention is focused on the role of new towns in Sweden, the former USSR, the UK, Israel and the USA.

Informal Urbanization in Latin America - Collaborative Transformations of Public Spaces (Paperback): Christian Werthmann Informal Urbanization in Latin America - Collaborative Transformations of Public Spaces (Paperback)
Christian Werthmann
R1,063 Discovery Miles 10 630 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Various kinds of informal and extra-legal settlements-commonly called shantytowns, favelas, or barrios-are the prevailing type of urban land use in much of the developing world. United Nations estimates suggest that there are close to 900 million people living in squatter communities worldwide, with the number expected to increase in the coming decades. Informal Urbanization in Latin America investigates prevailing strategies for addressing informal settlements, which started to shift away from large-scale slum clearance to on-site upgrading in Latin America over the last 40 years, by improving public spaces, infrastructure and facilities. The cases in this book range from one micro intervention (the Villa Tranquila Project in Buenos Aires) to three large-scale government-run projects: the celebrated Favela Bairro Program in Rio de Janeiro, the social housing program in Sao Paulo and the famous Proyectos Urbanos Integrales Approach in Medellin. The cases show a collaborative and sensitive transformation of landscape and public space, and provide designers and planners with the tools to develop better strategies that can mitigate the volatility that the residents of non-formal neighborhoods are exposed to. The book is a must-read for all who are interested or working in the global urbanization as well as social equity.

Informal Urbanization in Latin America - Collaborative Transformations of Public Spaces (Hardcover): Christian Werthmann Informal Urbanization in Latin America - Collaborative Transformations of Public Spaces (Hardcover)
Christian Werthmann
R4,212 Discovery Miles 42 120 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Various kinds of informal and extra-legal settlements-commonly called shantytowns, favelas, or barrios-are the prevailing type of urban land use in much of the developing world. United Nations estimates suggest that there are close to 900 million people living in squatter communities worldwide, with the number expected to increase in the coming decades. Informal Urbanization in Latin America investigates prevailing strategies for addressing informal settlements, which started to shift away from large-scale slum clearance to on-site upgrading in Latin America over the last 40 years, by improving public spaces, infrastructure and facilities. The cases in this book range from one micro intervention (the Villa Tranquila Project in Buenos Aires) to three large-scale government-run projects: the celebrated Favela Bairro Program in Rio de Janeiro, the social housing program in Sao Paulo and the famous Proyectos Urbanos Integrales Approach in Medellin. The cases show a collaborative and sensitive transformation of landscape and public space, and provide designers and planners with the tools to develop better strategies that can mitigate the volatility that the residents of non-formal neighborhoods are exposed to. The book is a must-read for all who are interested or working in the global urbanization as well as social equity.

Housing Policy in the Developed Economy - The United Kingdom, Sweden and The United States (Hardcover): Bruce Headey Housing Policy in the Developed Economy - The United Kingdom, Sweden and The United States (Hardcover)
Bruce Headey
R3,225 Discovery Miles 32 250 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1978, this book analyses three main approaches to national housing policy in the 20th Century in Sweden, the UK and USA. It reviews policy developments and considers the impact of policy on the housing conditions and costs of different sections of the community. A major theme is that British and American governments, contrary to their stated objectives, have actually increased housing inequality by allowing homeowners tax concessions which are more generous than the housing welfare programmes available to tenants. The political pressures which produced this outcome in Britain and the USA, but a quite different and more egalitarian outcome in Sweden, are carefully discussed. Throughout the book, policy making is regarded as involving trade-offs between what is politically feasible and what is operationally feasible. This framework enables readers to view policy making from the perspective of politicians and civil servants as they react to diverse demands and pressures and seek to devise housing programmes which embody incentives to which housing financiers builders and consumers will respond.

Sustainable Brownfield Development - Building a Sustainable Future on Sites of our Polluting Past (Hardcover): Christopher de... Sustainable Brownfield Development - Building a Sustainable Future on Sites of our Polluting Past (Hardcover)
Christopher de Sousa
R4,216 Discovery Miles 42 160 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

While industrial and chemical innovations have contributed extensively to human advancement, the darker part of their legacy has been the hundreds of thousands of polluted sites left behind. Governments at all levels have rallied to support the remediation and reuse of these land resources and put many of the nation's brownfields back into productive use. This book presents two dozen brownfield projects in the United States that have incorporated sustainability, highlighting project features, best management practices, and lessons from the field regarding the underlying policies and practices that enabled these projects to be completed or, in some cases, stalled, altered or abandoned. The case studies represent an array of brownfield projects that aimed to go beyond conventional practice and include a range and variety of end uses (e.g., corner gas stations, industrial, office, residential, brightfields, green space, mixed-use, and transit-oriented developments). The cases investigate site histories, planning and development and examine sustainability characteristics to understand how projects overcame the barriers to brownfield reuse and the implementation of sustainability features and derive a series of lessons learned, including innovative policies, programs, and/or funding mechanisms that helped make these projects work. Sustainable Brownfield Development will be of interest to developers, planners, consultants and community representatives interested in environmental policy, urban planning, community development, ecological restoration, economic development, and parks planning by providing direction and inspiration for those eager to erase the blight of the past and build a more sustainable future.

Augmented and Mixed Reality for Communities (Hardcover): Joshua A. Fisher Augmented and Mixed Reality for Communities (Hardcover)
Joshua A. Fisher
R4,650 Discovery Miles 46 500 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Using mixed and augmented reality in communities is an emerging media practice that is reshaping how we interact with our cities and neighbors. From the politics of city hall to crosswalks and playgrounds, mixed and augmented reality will offer a diverse range of new ways to interact with our communities. In 2016, apps for augmented reality politics began to appear in app stores. Similarly, the blockbuster success of Pokemon Go illustrated how even forgotten street corners can become a magical space for play. In 2019, a court case in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, extended first amendment rights to augmented reality. For all the good that these emerging media provide, there will and have been consequences. Augmented and Mixed Reality for Communities will help students and practitioners navigate the ethical design and development of these kinds of experiences to transform their cities. As one of the first books of its kind, each chapter in the book prepares readers to contribute to the Augmented City. By providing insight into how these emerging media work, the book seeks to democratize the augmented and mixed reality space. Authors within this volume represent some of the leading scholars and practitioners working in the augmented and mixed reality space for civic media, cultural heritage, civic games, ethical design, and social justice. Readers will find practical insights for the design and development to create their own compelling experiences. Teachers will find that the text provides in-depth, critical analyses for thought-provoking classroom discussions.

Promoting Urban Social Justice through Engaged Communication Scholarship - Reimagining Place (Hardcover): George Villanueva Promoting Urban Social Justice through Engaged Communication Scholarship - Reimagining Place (Hardcover)
George Villanueva
R4,211 Discovery Miles 42 110 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Based on the author's scholar-activist interventions to promote social justice in cities, this book highlights the role engaged communication scholarship can play in fostering a more equitable future. Through three innovative case studies situated in South Los Angeles, the book illustrates engaged communication scholarship projects grounded in design criteria that are social justice-oriented, place-based, collaborative, and public. It models university-community partnerships that promote positive social change in marginalized communities that stand to benefit the most from university resources, guiding readers in how these partnerships can be incorporated into social justice-oriented curriculum and engaged learning projects. It provides strategic recommendations for how "in community" communication research and media practices can be used to build local power in marginalized urban neighborhoods, and calls for communication's research, pedagogy, epistemologies, practices, ethics, politics, and community engagement to purposefully serve the concerns of marginalized groups in society. The book will be of interest to researchers and social change practitioners interested in solution-oriented work in cities within the fields of research methods, organizational communication, urban planning, public policy, sociology, and social work.

Urbanization in the Global South - Perspectives and Challenges (Paperback): Kala S Sridhar, George Mavrotas Urbanization in the Global South - Perspectives and Challenges (Paperback)
Kala S Sridhar, George Mavrotas
R1,214 Discovery Miles 12 140 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

1) This book presents an overview of the challenges of urbanisation in the global South 2) It contains case studies from various cities in Africa, Asia and Latin America. 3) This book will be of interest to departments of Development studies and South Asian Studies across UK and USA.

Infrastructure Delivery Planning - An Effective Practice Approach (Paperback): Janice Morphet Infrastructure Delivery Planning - An Effective Practice Approach (Paperback)
Janice Morphet
R765 Discovery Miles 7 650 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This important text book is the first to be written about infrastructure planning in Britain. Written by an experienced author, the book reviews the rapid rise in the use of infrastructure delivery planning at national and neighbourhood level. The key components of infrastructure delivery are set out and analysed, including the development of government policy, planning regulation, funding, environmental processes and legal challenges. Situating this within international, European and domestic economic, territorial and social policy, the author draws on a variety of practical examples to discuss the role of different institutions in the delivery of infrastructure and to illustrate the various issues and merits of each approach. This is a key text for those engaged in the study and application of infrastructure delivery planning including planners, engineers, public administrators and policy advisers.

Spatial Planning and Resilience Following Disasters - International and Comparative Perspectives (Hardcover): Teresa Sprague,... Spatial Planning and Resilience Following Disasters - International and Comparative Perspectives (Hardcover)
Teresa Sprague, Nadine Magdefrau, Jaroslav Tesliar, Jozef Sulak, Jan Dzurdzenik, …
R2,190 Discovery Miles 21 900 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Population shifts and an increase in the number of natural (and man-made) disasters are having a profound effect on urban and rural habitats globally. This book brings together for the first time the experiences and knowledge of international contributors from academia, research, policy and practice to discuss the role of spatial planning after significant disasters. It highlights on-going efforts to improve spatial resilience across the globe and predicts future trends. Comparisons from five countries including Japan, the US, Indonesia, Slovakia and Germany, highlight the influence of significant disasters on spatial planning and spatial resiliency under different legal-administrative and cultural frameworks.

Private Rented Housing in the United States and Europe (Hardcover): Michael Harloe Private Rented Housing in the United States and Europe (Hardcover)
Michael Harloe
R4,206 Discovery Miles 42 060 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1985, this book analyses the development of private rented housing in Britain, France, the former West Germany, the Netherlands and the USA. The book shows that the changing fortunes of the private rented sector are seen in some measure to be connected with the social, economic and political conditions which surrounded the rapid industrialisation and urbanisation of the 19th Century.

Housing Policy in Britain - A History (Hardcover): A.E. Holmans Housing Policy in Britain - A History (Hardcover)
A.E. Holmans
R3,969 Discovery Miles 39 690 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1987, this book provides a comprehensive history of housing policy in Britain from the beginning of the twentieth century to the end of the 1970s. For every period the author gives a detailed account of the housing situation in which policies operated, the policies pursued and their rationale. Owner-occupation and privately rented housing are fully discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the financial and economic aspects of housing policy, including the impact on it of the economic situation. Issues such as population growth and the increase in the number of households are also examined.

The Right to a Decent House (Hardcover): Sidney Jacobs The Right to a Decent House (Hardcover)
Sidney Jacobs
R3,354 Discovery Miles 33 540 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1976, this book highlights the problems faced by many inner-city working class communities in 1970s Britain, with particular reference to the Gairbraid housing clearance area of Maryhill, Glasgow. It examines the policy of local authority re-housing. Both the policy and practice of re-housing is carefully analysed and the efficacy of community action illustrated and discussed.

A Nation of Home Owners (Hardcover): Peter Saunders A Nation of Home Owners (Hardcover)
Peter Saunders
R3,961 Discovery Miles 39 610 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1990, and re-issued in 2020 with an updated Preface, this book shows how the UK has become a nation of home owners, and the effect it has had on people's lives, the impact which it has had on British society and the implications for those who have hitherto been excluded. The book briefly charts the history of the growth of owner-occupation in Britain and considers the evidence on the popularity of owning as opposed to renting. The question of whether and how owner occupiers accumulate wealth from their housing is discussed and the evidence on the political implications of the growth of owner-occupation examined. The influence of buying a house on the way that home is experienced is analysed and the sociological implications in regard to the analysis of social inequalities in Britain discussed. The research for the book was based on in-depth interviews with home-owners and tenants in Burnley, Derby and Slough.

State Housing in Britain (Hardcover): Stephen Merrett State Housing in Britain (Hardcover)
Stephen Merrett
R3,799 Discovery Miles 37 990 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1979, this book was the first to provide a comprehensive political-economic analysis of the historical origins and 20th Century experience of state housing in the UK. The first part describes the growth of municipal housebuilding in the context of slum clearance before 1914 and the cycle of boom and slump between the wars. Part 2 covers 1945- 1980 with chapters on : site acquisition and residential densities; the housebuilding industry and its standards; the balance between rehabilitation and redevelopment and the rise and fall of the high-rise flat. Sources and costs of capital finance and the management of the stock of council dwellings is also discussed. The final part reviews the development of state housing policy since the War, within a broad political and macro-economic context.

Harm and Disorder in the Urban Space - Social Control, Sense and Sensibility (Hardcover): Nina Persak, Anna Di Ronco Harm and Disorder in the Urban Space - Social Control, Sense and Sensibility (Hardcover)
Nina Persak, Anna Di Ronco
R4,205 Discovery Miles 42 050 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Bringing together an international group of authors, this book addresses the important issues lying at the intersection between urban space, on the one hand, and incivilities and urban harm, on the other. Progressive urbanisation not only influences people's living conditions, their well-being and health but may also generate social conflict and consequently fuel disorder and crime. Rooted in interdisciplinary scholarship, this book considers a range of urban issues, focussing specifically on their sensory, emotive, power and structural dimensions. The visual, audio and olfactory components that offend or harm are inspected, including how urban social control agencies respond to violations of imposed sensory regimes. Emotive dimensions examined include the consideration of people emotions and sensibilities in the perception of incivilities, in the shaping of social control to deviant phenomena, and their role in activating or suppressing people's resistance towards otherwise harmful everyday practices. Power and structural dimensions examine the agents who decide and define what anti-social and harmful is and the wider socio-economic and cultural setting in which urbanites and social control agents operate. Connecting with sensory and affective turns in other disciplines, the book offers an original, distinctive and nuanced approach to understanding the harms, disorder and social control in the city. An accessible and compelling read, this book will appeal to those engaged with criminology, sociology, human geography, psychology, urban studies, socio-legal studies and all those interested in the relationship between urban space and urban harm.

Resilience Reset - Creating Resilient Cities in the Global South (Hardcover): Aditya V. Bahadur, Thomas Tanner Resilience Reset - Creating Resilient Cities in the Global South (Hardcover)
Aditya V. Bahadur, Thomas Tanner
R3,910 R3,226 Discovery Miles 32 260 Save R684 (17%) Ships in 18 - 22 working days

Drawing on evidence from urban resilience initiatives around the globe, the authors make a compelling argument for a "resilience reset", a pause and stocktake that critically examines the concepts, practices and challenges of building resilience, particularly in cities of the Global South. In turn, the book calls for the world's cities to alter their course and "pivot" towards novel approaches to enhancing resilience. The book presents shifts in ways of acquiring and analysing data, building community resilience, approaching urban planning, engaging with informality, delivering financing, and building the skills of those running cities in a post-COVID world grappling with climate impacts. In Resilience Reset, the authors encourage researchers, policymakers, and practitioners to break out of existing modes of thinking and doing that may no longer be relevant for our rapidly urbanising and dynamic world. The book draws on the latest academic and practice-based evidence to provide actionable insights for cities that will enable them to deal with multiple interacting shocks and stresses. The book will be an indispensable resource to those studying urbanisation, development, climate change and risk management as well as for those designing and deploying operational initiatives to enhance urban resilience in businesses, international organisations, civil society organisations and governments. It is a must-read for anyone interested in managing the risks of climate impacts in urban centres in the Global South.

Environmental Fiscal Challenges for Cities and Transport (Hardcover): Marta Villar Ezcurra, Janet E. Milne, Hope Ashiabor,... Environmental Fiscal Challenges for Cities and Transport (Hardcover)
Marta Villar Ezcurra, Janet E. Milne, Hope Ashiabor, Mikael Skou Andersen
R3,922 Discovery Miles 39 220 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

As populations become increasingly concentrated in urban centres and mega cities, while demands on transportation continue to grow, the question of how to mitigate the environmental footprint of these trends is ever more pressing. This comprehensive book demonstrates the potentially significant role of environmental taxation and other market-based instruments in meeting these challenges. Providing global insights, the book features international contributions from specialists in economics, law, technology, political economy and policy analysis. Studying environmental pricing policies in the context of urban sustainability and transportation, the contributing scholars identify cross-cutting issues to demonstrate how the use and evaluation of policy instruments can be improved. In addition to addressing the pervasive environmental impact of cities and transportation, novel case studies illustrate how the digital economy, as well as increasing globalization, necessitate a more sustainable approach in which environmental fiscal solutions could play a vital role. Environmental Fiscal Challenges for Cities and Transport will have broad appeal for researchers and will also be a useful resource for students in law, economics and politics with an interest in urban and environmental issues. Policymakers and their staff will find its use of real-world examples and nontechnical language particularly beneficial.

Climate Change and Sustainable Development - Mitigation and Adaptation (Hardcover): Dalia Streimikiene, Asta Mikalauskiene Climate Change and Sustainable Development - Mitigation and Adaptation (Hardcover)
Dalia Streimikiene, Asta Mikalauskiene
R3,370 Discovery Miles 33 700 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Climate Change and Sustainable Development: Mitigation and Adaptation focuses on the link between climate change threats and sustainable development goals. This book analyzes the polices of climate change mitigation and adaptation from an economic point of view by addressing globalization, international trade, and business opportunities and challenges. Based on extended research on energy, transportation, agriculture, and more, the case studies included in this book present business opportunities linked to mitigation and adaptation actions; from European Union greenhouse gas emission trading to climate change adaptation policies in developing countries. It presents a framework for the harmonization of climate and sustainable development policies and their mutual outcomes. Specific features: The first book to address main scientific aspects of climate change mitigation and sustainable development and how to deal with these main challenges in a harmonized way Provides practical examples of policies and business development opportunities linked with climate change mitigation and adaptation Analyses climate change challenges and provides implications for business development and good practice case studies from Europe Discusses issues of climate change at different scales ranging from macro to micro level Highlights the importance of climate change adaptation for developing countries, migration trends, city developments and agriculture As the threat of climate change grows ever more present, resources like this book, that provide and discuss necessary solutions and frameworks for ways to deal with and mitigate that threat become ever more essential. This book is a vital resource for academics, students, and professionals in any field seeking to deal with the threats from climate change, and particularly those relating to environmental and climate sciences, as well as those in political and economic fields.

Disasters and Economic Recovery (Paperback): Davia C. Downey Disasters and Economic Recovery (Paperback)
Davia C. Downey
R1,206 Discovery Miles 12 060 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

1. It places economic health and redevelopment at the forefront of knowing when a community has recovered. 2. It looks at the differences between different countries, their intergovernmental arrangements, and collaborative structures to determine whether lessons can be gleaned for other countries facing the laborious task of rebuilding. 3. It provides quantitative measures to analyze the recovery of an economy in the postdisaster crises which can be duplicated in other future disasters. 4. Finally, it provides a framework for policymakers and decision makers who are involved in the rebuilding process. Because it is international in focus, it is the hope of the author that this book provides concrete steps that can be used both domestically and internationally in planning economic development activities in recovering places.

The Climate Planner - Overcoming Pushback Against Local Mitigation and Adaptation Plans (Paperback): Jason King The Climate Planner - Overcoming Pushback Against Local Mitigation and Adaptation Plans (Paperback)
Jason King
R1,080 Discovery Miles 10 800 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

The Climate Planner is about overcoming the objections to climate change mitigation and adaption that urban planners face at a local level. It shows how to draft climate plans that encounter less resistance because they involve the public, stakeholders, and decisionmakers in a way that builds trust, creates consensus, and leads to implementation. Although focused on the local level, this book discusses climate basics such as carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the Paris Agreement of 2015, worldwide energy generation forecasts, and other items of global concern in order to familiarize urban planners and citizen planners with key concepts that they will need to know in order to be able to host climate conversations at the local level. The many case studies from around the United States of America show how communities have encountered pushback and bridged the implementation gap, the gap between plan and reality, thanks to a commitment to substantive public engagement. The book is written for urban planners, local activists, journalists, elected or appointed representatives, and the average citizen worried about climate breakdown and interested in working to reshape the built environment.

Suburbia - An International Assessment (Hardcover): Donald N Rothblatt, Daniel J Garr Suburbia - An International Assessment (Hardcover)
Donald N Rothblatt, Daniel J Garr
R3,807 Discovery Miles 38 070 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1986, and drawing on material from the USA, The Netherlands and Israel, this book addresses the question of whether suburban environments enhance the quality of life and which factors influence this quality. It examines whether suburbs really provide improved housing and community services compared to the central city and whether they foster rewarding social patterns and psychological well-being. It also analyses precisely what characteristics suburban areas offer and how congruent these characteristics are with the preferences of suburban residents.

Glasgow - The Making of a City (Hardcover): Andrew Gibb Glasgow - The Making of a City (Hardcover)
Andrew Gibb
R3,226 Discovery Miles 32 260 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1983, this book sets the phases and elements of Glasgow's townscape evolution in their historical framework, from the medieval period when Glasgow was a small but important burgh to the growth of the town thanks to its command of the transatlantic tobacco trade in the 18th Century. Examining the solid growth which came with the textile phase of the industrial revolution and subsequent pioneering achievements in ship-building and marine engineering, the book also charts the subsequent collapse of the industrial base and attempts at urban renewal on a massive scale.

The Development of Housing in Scotland (Hardcover): Douglas Niven The Development of Housing in Scotland (Hardcover)
Douglas Niven
R2,793 Discovery Miles 27 930 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Originally published in 1979, this volume begins with an historical summary of housing development in Scotland. Scottish urban housing has always followed a unique and distinctive pattern from the rest of the UK, resembling more closely the flatted developments of Continental Europe. The book compares the policies and programmes of development in EU countries and Scandinavia. The problems caused by over-emphasis on public-sector housing in Scotland since the First World War are discussed. A break-down of the work carried out by housing societies and associations reveals little national or local support in Scotland, unlike in European or Scandinavian countries where such association have formed a vital element in their housing policies.

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