The explosion of the Covid-19 pandemic in February 2020 led to a paradigm change in the European Union architecture of economic governance. To mitigate the pandemic's damage, the EU established a Recovery Fund called 'Next Generation EU' (NGEU). Funded though resources raised on the financial markets, this special budget is worth 750bnEURO at 2018 prices, which corresponds to 806,9bnEURO at current prices. Disbursed to member states in the form of both loans and grants and to be repaid on a long-term basis through the introduction of new EU taxes, the NGEU has endowed the EU with borrowing, spending, and taxing powers. EU Fiscal Capacity: Legal Integration After Covid-19 and the War in Ukraine argues that the NGEU constiutes a profound overhaul in the EU architecture of economic governance. Moving away from the fiscal surveillance shown in response to the euro-crisis, the EU has adopted a strategy of fiscal federalism more akin to the United States. The return of war in Europe following 75 years of peace has caused yet more socio-economic damage for the EU. Occuring as Europe was slowly re-emerging from the pandemic, the war in Ukraine has disrupted supply chains, increased humanitarian assistance costs, and generated an energy crisis. Within the context of war, the limitations of the current EU constitutional arrangements have yet again been exposed. EU Fiscal Capacity argues that the EU needs to retain the NGEU as a permanent feature of EMU. The first book to analyse how the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine have affected Europe's Economic & Monetary Union from an EU law and policy perspective, this book is a must read for policy makers and students of European law and politics alike.

Since the Global Financial Crisis, a surge of interest in the use of finance as a tool to address social and economic problems suggests the potential for a generational shift in how the finance industry operates and is perceived. J. C. de Swaan seeks to channel the forces of well-intentioned finance professionals to improve finance from within and help restore its focus on serving society. Drawing from inspiring individuals in the field, de Swaan proposes a framework for pursuing a viable career in finance while benefiting society and upholding humanistic values. In doing so, he challenges traditional concepts of success in the industry. This will also engage readers outside of finance who are concerned about the industry's impact on society.

Brexit will have a significant impact on the UK financial services system. At the time of writing this book it is still unclear whether the UK will leave the EU with a deal. Given the uncertainty, this book provides high-level guidance on the complexity of Brexit as it applies to financial institutions through the eyes of leading lawyers. It considers from a financial services perspective, the draft withdrawal agreement and political declaration on the future EU / UK relationship that was approved at the negotiators level on both sides in November 2018 and further amended in October 2019. In a no deal scenario the focus of the book is on the key themes providing readers with a holistic view of the regulatory issues. In particular, the book addresses communications from the EU institutions on the approach to be taken regarding the authorisation of banks and investment firms in the EU27. Of particular importance is consideration of the opinions issued in 2017 by the European Banking Authority and the European Securities and Markets Authority. The analysis also includes a review of the approach taken by the key EU jurisdictions of Germany, France, the Netherlands and Ireland. Furthermore the book includes coverage of key pieces of EU legislation including the European Markets Infrastructure Regulation, the revised Markets in Financial Instruments Directive, the Capital Requirements Directive IV and the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive. The work also provides a useful outline of the UK transitional regime and onshoring of EU legislation in a no deal scenario. The overseas persons exclusion contained in the FSMA Regulated Activities Order is also discussed as is the senior managers regime. The book also considers the EU equivalence regime, the different pieces of EU legislation that contain equivalence provisions, and the process for determining equivalence. Furthermore, it examines the role of international regulatory bodies and international standards. The development of international regulation and the UKs influence on it will be important components in the post-Brexit landscape. Breaking Brexit issues into accessible, structured chapters, leading practitioners from across the City of London unpack legal complexities, sharing a wealth of experience.

Since the global financial crisis of 2008, claims by clients, shareholders, depositors, and bondholders of financial firms have increased against financial supervisors and resolution authorities for inadequate supervision or resolution action. Liability of Financial Supervisors and Resolution Authorities is the first book to offer a thorough and systematic analysis of the liability regimes which apply to financial supervisors and resolution authorities at the EU level (particularly relevant since the European Banking Union came into operation in 2014), at the level of individual EU Member States, as well as in other major jurisdictions worldwide. The jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction approach provides a detailed analysis of the liability regimes as they apply to local financial supervisors and resolution authorities in major civil law, common law, and mixed legal system jurisdictions. This global view of the primary financial jurisdictions as examples provides a unique and comprehensive overview which is of great practical and theoretical importance. The work concludes with a comparative law evaluation that discusses to what extent limitations of the liability of national financial supervisors and resolution authorities are valid under the EU rules on Member State liability. It also explores whether it would be preferable to adopt a uniform liability standard for the European Central Bank (ECB), the Single Resolution Board (SRB), and national financial supervisors and resolution authorities. Furthermore, it addresses whether it would be preferable to adopt a provision to the effect that the Court of Justice of the European Union has exclusive jurisdiction in relation to the ECB, SRB, and the national financial supervisors and resolution authorities.

This book is the first to draw together the numerous different regulations which affect how commodities are traded in the EU. Having long been a largely deregulated industry, intense scrutiny in the aftermath of the global financial crisis has left commodities trading subject to a raft of harmonized regulations, many of which have yet to be finalized. Regulation of both the physical and the financial commodities markets is undergoing significant change and participants and their advisors are struggling to understand the changes in each jurisdiction as well as the cross-border implications. The book pulls together these various pieces of EU legislation and examines how they influence the way that commodities are traded in Europe. It also provides coverage of regulation at domestic level in key jurisdictions active in the marketplace, namely the UK, USA, Switzerland, and Singapore. Divided into eight sections, the book includes analysis of the commodities trading houses (including their motives and methods), the main trading venues, trading practices, and potential illicit practices and market abuses. Each section has a detailed transnational component in which the position in each specific jurisdiction is explained, drawing parallels and setting out the differences between these countries. This extremely topical publication is an essential reference work for all those advising on or researching the increasingly complex and globalized field of commodities trading.

This accessible work provides critical analysis and context to international capital markets, their regulation, and their institutions. It is written from a comparative and international perspective and analyses regulatory approaches in the US, UK, and EU, as well as smaller markets engaging in successful innovation. International Capital Markets presents a comprehensive volume drawing the field of international capital markets regulation and institutions together, split into sections addressing the characteristics of capital markets, the basic principles of their regulation, and their institutions; the regulatory characteristics in significant markets including the US, UK, EU, and Asia, and examines how these interact with each other; market institutions, trading venues, and intermediaries; and the capital market activities of international financial institutions such as the IMF and The World Bank. This second edition considers the impact of Brexit on capital markets in Europe and analyses developments in regulation and approach as a consequence of the shifting dynamics in the UK and EU markets. The activity and efficacy of regulators such as the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) and International Organization of Securities Commission (IOSCO) are examined in the context of the EU and international markets respectively. In Asia, the capital markets have also seen many changes since the first edition, particularly in Hong Kong and China. These developments are analysed and the legal and practical implications are explained. This single volume presents a conceptual overview of the regulatory landscape and an understanding of the background and operation of the non-domestic regulation in this area, making it a comprehensive yet accessible resource for practicing lawyers, bankers, regulators, academics, and postgraduate students interested in international capital markets.

Fully updated by a team of expert practitioners, this third edition of European Securities Law continues to provide a comprehensive source of knowledge, and practical know-how, about the regulation and operation of the securities markets in Europe. The opening of the work provides the reader with a critical overview of the European legislative process and regulatory framework in the context of public and private capital-raising activities (equity and debt), trading activities, takeovers of publicly traded companies, and the associated liabilities. The implications of the recent EU Prospectus Regulation and the EU Market Abuse Regulation are discussed, as well as the Transparency Directive, the Takeover Directive and the MiFID regimes. Particular considerations for non-EU issuers are also considered, including the position of the UK following Brexit. Part II examines the practicalities of planning and conducting the most common types of transactions under the applicable regulation, highlighting the ways in which key issues, concerns and uncertainties are dealt with by experienced professionals. Key elements of the processes of selected EU Member States are discussed throughout, and a useful chart outlines the process involved in passporting a prospectus into different EU Member States. Part II also features a chapter new to this edition, covering the ongoing development of the high yield bond market in Europe. In Part III, a country-by-country analysis covers specific issues that arise in eleven of the most significant EU Member States (and the United Kingdom) exploring matters of national legislation as well as interpretation and implementation of EU legislation by those EU Member States. The UK chapter considers the implications of Brexit for market players in the United Kingdom and Europe. This work is an essential resource for all lawyers advising on securities transactions and financial and securities laws, whether for clients based in Europe or for non-EU issuers in Europe.

This is the first book to analyse and draw together all of the property law and regulatory and contractual issues relevant to financial collateral transactions. Collateralized finance transactions played a major role in the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers and the near-failure of AIG during the early months of the global financial crisis, and are being increasingly recognised as being integral to the stability of the global financial system. The book provides a detailed legal analysis of the types of transactions which make up collateralised financing transactions and examines them in their commercial context. Recognising that financial collateral transactions are often global in nature the book covers the legal position in the UK, US, and the EU with specific relevance to practice in the Netherlands, Germany and Belgium. There is a chapter on the relevant private international law issues including conflicts of laws and forum. The book opens with an explanation of how financial collateral transactions are construed, including the relevant standard contract forms. The following chapters discuss the major legal issues and practical considerations, as well as a number of specialist concepts such as safe harbours, 'minimum floors' and securities custody. This new work brings together consideration of the European Securities Financing Regulation, the Collateral Directive, and relevant parts of the Bank Recovery and Resolution Directive.

Providing a thorough legal analysis of money in all its aspects, Mann on the Legal Aspect of Money has been the leading text on the private and public law of money ever since the publication of the first edition in 1939. This latest edition of considers new issues that have had a significant impact on monetary law, such as Brexit, virtual currencies, and the continuing shadow of 'currency wars'. The text also includes new material on central banks and their role in currency and financial stability. The book deals with the developments and legal challenges of digital money, providing a detailed evaluation of the status of Bitcoin as money. The text investigates the challenges that virtual currencies like Bitcoin pose to our fundamental assumptions about monetary institutions and to our understanding and definition of money. In an EU context, the new edition reflects on the legal aspects of the Greek financial crisis, with an updated look at the role of the IMF and the ECB. The eighth edition also inclusions analysis of the implications of Brexit, developments in damages and interest following on from the Sempra Metals case, the legal definition of a monetary union in Europe, and the conflict of anti-terrorist sanctions blocking financial resources. Altogether, this provides an up-to-date and detailed discussion of current matters, whilst continuing to provide an in-depth analysis on all aspects of monetary law in a single reference source.

This book examines the topical issue of governance of financial institutions, covering banks, investment firms, asset management, pension funds and insurance firms. It comprehensively analyses the impact and practice of the new and more robust requirements for management functions under MiFID II (Markets in Financial Instruments Directive) and other regulation such as MAR (Market Abuse Regulation). Thematically grouped chapters provide extensive coverage of the main areas of change and interest in this field: financial regulation, models, systemic risk, culture and ethics, and conduct and culture. Each chapter employs an interdisciplinary approach, providing high-quality analysis and discussion of the governance of financial institutions of a practical, as well as theoretical, nature. Written by a team of expert contributors, comprised of leading scholars with broad practical experience, and leading practitioners in the field of corporate governance, this book provides much needed analysis of this important topic and the new rules for those advising financial institutions.

Fully updated by a team of expert practitioners, this third edition of European Securities Law continues to provide a comprehensive source of knowledge, and practical know-how, about the regulation and operation of the securities markets in Europe. The opening of the work provides the reader with a critical overview of the European legislative process and regulatory framework in the context of public and private capital-raising activities (equity and debt), trading activities, takeovers of publicly traded companies, and the associated liabilities. The implications of the recent EU Prospectus Regulation and the EU Market Abuse Regulation are discussed, as well as the Transparency Directive, the Takeover Directive and the MiFID regimes. Particular considerations for non-EU issuers are also considered, including the position of the UK following Brexit. Part II examines the practicalities of planning and conducting the most common types of transactions under the applicable regulation, highlighting the ways in which key issues, concerns and uncertainties are dealt with by experienced professionals. Key elements of the processes of selected EU Member States are discussed throughout, and a useful chart outlines the process involved in passporting a prospectus into different EU Member States. Part II also features a chapter new to this edition, covering the ongoing development of the high yield bond market in Europe. In Part III, a country-by-country analysis covers specific issues that arise in eleven of the most significant EU Member States (and the United Kingdom) exploring matters of national legislation as well as interpretation and implementation of EU legislation by those EU Member States. The UK chapter considers the implications of Brexit for market players in the United Kingdom and Europe. This work is an essential resource for all lawyers advising on securities transactions and financial and securities laws, whether for clients based in Europe or for non-EU issuers in Europe.

The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and its International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs), have acquired a central position in the practice and regulation of financial reporting around the world. As a unique instance of a private-sector body setting standards with legal force in many jurisdictions, the IASB's rise to prominence has been accompanied by vivid political debates about its governance and accountability. Similarly, the IASB's often innovative attempts to change the face of financial reporting have made it the centre of numerous controversies. This book traces the history of the IASB from its foundation as successor to the International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC), and discusses its operation, changing membership and leadership, the development of its standards, and their reception in jurisdictions around the world. The book gives particular attention to the IASB's relationships with the European Union, the United States, and Japan, as well as to the impact of the financial crisis on the IASB's work. By its in-depth coverage of the history of the IASB, the book provides essential background information that will enrich the perspective of everyone who has to deal with IFRSs or the IASB at a technical or policy-making level.

This new book analyses the challenge of how money (including coins, notes, credit, and virtual currency) should be defined from both a legal and an economic perspective. As new electronic payment mechanisms proliferate, this question of definition is likely to become an important issue in global legal, commercial, economic, macro-prudential and fiscal policymaking. The book re-examines money in this context by identifying the role it plays in various transactions and to what extent, for example, cryptocurrencies and quasi-money are interchangeable with, analogous to, or different from traditional monetary systems. Beginning with a summary of the legal nature of money, the book explains the distinction between money and payment obligations, as well as providing an overview of the fundamental characteristics of money. It analyses how the law identifies money by pinpointing characteristics of particular transactions such as sale of goods transactions, including the position where the exchange of goods is for e-currency. Other situations or transactions examined include the recovery of stolen money, claims for non-delivery of money, and how obligations to pay operate. The book also considers the role of money in the banking system, exploring how various currencies can be used as claims on financial institutions, examining whether the systemic stability of the industry is threatened by non-traditional currency forms. Finally, the book addresses, and seeks to develop a conceptual framework for how alternative currencies might work in place of money as a medium for saving.

Dieses Essential bietet eine systematische und auch fur den Laien verstandliche Einfuhrung in die Grundlagen der komplexen Besteuerung von Dividendenausschuttungen und anderen Kapitaleinkunften aus dem In- und Ausland. Die wesentlichen ertragsteuerlichen Implikationen fur unbeschrankt steuerpflichtige naturliche Personen, Personengesellschaften sowie Koerperschaften werden in den Blick genommen. Dabei profitieren die Leser*innen von den ubersichtlichen Erlauterungen, praxisnahen Anmerkungen und Hinweisen.

Capital Markets Union in Europe analyses the legal and economic implications of the European Commission's plans to form a Capital Markets Union (CMU) in Europe, which will have a major impact on financial markets and institutions both in the region and beyond. A detailed introductory chapter provides a broad overview of the various aspects and challenges of the CMU proposals, whilst thematically grouped chapters cover the following areas: (i) general aspects, (ii) Brexit, (iii) financing innovation, (iv) raising capital on the capital markets, (v) fostering retail and institutional investment, (vi) leveraging banking capacity to support the wider economy, (vii) facilitating cross-border investing, and (viii) comparative aspects of capital market integration. Written by world renowned experts in the fields of banking and capital markets, including respected academics, with broad practical experience, and leading practitioners, Capital Markets Union in Europe provides high-quality analysis of the legal and economic issues in a practical context.

The financial crisis of 2007-9 revealed serious failings in the regulation of financial institutions and markets, and prompted a fundamental reconsideration of the design of financial regulation. As the financial system has become ever-more complex and interconnected, the pace of evolution continues to accelerate. It is now clear that regulation must focus on the financial system as a whole, but this poses significant challenges for regulators. Principles of Financial Regulation describes how to address those challenges. Examining the subject from a holistic and multidisciplinary perspective, Principles of Financial Regulation considers the underlying policies and the objectives of regulation by drawing on economics, finance, and law methodologies. The volume examines regulation in a purposive and dynamic way by framing the book in terms of what the financial system does, rather than what financial regulation is. By analysing specific regulatory measures, the book provides readers to the opportunity to assess regulatory choices on specific policy issues and encourages critical reflection on the design of regulation.

This is the first book to provide a complete comparative analysis of expedited corporate debt restructuring alternatives in the European Union. The work considers the different options available to a company facing a distress scenario and focuses on the options that provide expedited solutions to these issues. The techniques considered in full include: (1) out-of-court reorganization or (non-insolvency process-related) private workouts; (2) pre-packaged reorganization plans; and, (3) pre-arranged or pre-negotiated reorganization plans. The merits and suitability of each technique are considered and case studies are used to illustrate these points in each chapter. A considerable feature of the work is the jurisdiction analysis which allows the reader to compare the law and practice related to each method in each of the EU member states. Each country chapter sets out the relevant legal framework, illustrates its practical application and highlights potential problems through the use of case studies. The aim of the book is to work as a toolkit, a first point of reference for anyone dealing with companies in distress in the EU. In addition to the jurisdictional analysis, the thematic chapter provide an introduction to the techniques discussed and cover common issues for all EU jurisdictions.

The euro area sovereign debt crisis has been the greatest threat to the euro since its inception, but the consequences of the crisis go well beyond the realm of macroeconomics: the crisis has cast doubt on the viability of a mechanism of integration such as the one envisaged in Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), and on the future of the European Union as a political project in the face of citizens' growing disaffection. The various responses to the crisis have not only altered the principles underlying EMU; they have also had a profound impact on the constitutional orders of the EU and its Member States. This book focuses on the euro area crisis and its aftermath from a constitutional perspective. It provides a critical analysis of the workings and evolution of Economic and Monetary Union, the changes brought by the crisis and their broader effects, and the constitutional obstacles to integration in this area. Looking forward, it tackles the uncertain future of economic and fiscal integration and the challenges posed. This is a compelling and incisive account of some of the most significant developments and dilemmas facing the European Union since its creation.

In the next wave of conduct regulation in financial markets, from 2021 conduct regulators in the UK and elsewhere expect firms to produce evidence on how they are improving behaviour and culture. Facing this, many practitioners are anxious that their current reporting and management information (MI) are irrelevant to meeting as-yet unclear regulatory expectations. This book provides the insights and tools firms need to report on culture, securing both enhanced business value and the regulator's approval. Culture is now seen as a key contributor to good governance, feeding into existing discourse on environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors and the emerging dialogue on 'non-financial (mis)conduct', but conventional measures of business quality are unfit for the new reporting agenda. Culture Audit in Financial Services follows the arc of 'behavioural regulation' to examine what the regulator really wants, before offering guidance on how culture audit differs from conventional auditing, how to put the latest pure-research findings to work, and the key features of well-designed conduct and culture reports. Written by an impartial author and a variety of contributors with extensive experience working with practitioners, regulators, and many of the world's finest academic initiatives, this book is filled with practical, grounded advice on how best to approach this new challenge and avoid infractions.

This book is a leading authority on central banking and financial regulation, including detailed legal and policy analysis of the institutions that safeguard monetary stability and financial stability nationally, at the EU level and globally. The new edition has been renamed (previously 'Legal Foundations of International Monetary Stability') to better reflect the book's breadth of coverage, which includes an in-depth study of central banking, a fresh look at supervision, regulation and crisis management after the global financial crisis. It also includes updated material on the law of the European Central Bank and banking union, the law of the IMF and work undertaken by international standard-setters, in particular the FSB and the Basel Committee. Part I focuses on national developments, Part II deals with EU developments and Part III examines international developments. Each of these sections commences with a historical chapter, then analyses the framework of the 'monetary architecture'. Finally, each part considers the 'financial architecture' with regard to the functions of financial supervision (micro and macro) and surveillance, regulation and crisis management, including lender of last resort and resolution.

The financial crisis of 2007-9 revealed serious failings in the regulation of financial institutions and markets, and prompted a fundamental reconsideration of the design of financial regulation. As the financial system has become ever-more complex and interconnected, the pace of evolution continues to accelerate. It is now clear that regulation must focus on the financial system as a whole, but this poses significant challenges for regulators. Principles of Financial Regulation describes how to address those challenges. Examining the subject from a holistic and multidisciplinary perspective, Principles of Financial Regulation considers the underlying policies and the objectives of regulation by drawing on economics, finance, and law methodologies. The volume examines regulation in a purposive and dynamic way by framing the book in terms of what the financial system does, rather than what financial regulation is. By analysing specific regulatory measures, the book provides readers to the opportunity to assess regulatory choices on specific policy issues and encourages critical reflection on the design of regulation.

Der Autor untersucht die Grenzen internationaler Schiedsvereinbarungen im Hinblick auf international zwingende Sachnormen (sog. Eingriffsnormen). Kann die Schiedseinrede mit dem Argument zuruckgewiesen werden, das vereinbarte Schiedsgericht werde eine Eingriffsnorm, die fur nationale Gerichte zwingend sei, nicht beachten? Oder hat das abredewidrig angerufene Gericht die Parteien dennoch auf das schiedsrichterliche Verfahren zu verweisen? Zur Klarung dieser Frage erfolgt eine umfangreiche Analyse zum Umgang mit Eingriffsnormen in der Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit sowie eine Auswertung der Schiedspraxis. Auf dieser Grundlage entwickelt der Autor einen detaillierten Loesungsvorschlag aus der Sicht eines deutschen Gerichts und wendet diesen auf praktisch relevante Beispielsfalle an.