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Books > Medicine > Clinical & internal medicine > Diseases & disorders > Oncology > General
Understanding the importance and necessity of the role of autophagy
in health and disease is vital for the studies of cancer, aging,
neurodegeneration, immunology, and infectious diseases.
Comprehensive and forward-thinking, these books offer a valuable
guide to both cellular processes while inciting researchers to
explore their potentially important connections. Volume 8 Autophagy
and Human Diseases, concentrates on the role of Autophagy in human
diseases, including tumorigenesis. The diseases discussed include
melanoma, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and neurodegenerative
disorders. Loss of autophagy in the central nervous system causes
neurodegeneration (Alzheimers disease, Huntington's disease,
Parkin's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis). Melanoma is
one of the most serious diseases in humans. Autophagy plays a key
role in the anticancer response to Chemotherapy. However, autophagy
can increase or decrease the effectiveness of chemotherapy. The
reasons for these contradictory effects are explained. Autophagy
also plays a role in idiopathic inflammatory diseases, infection,
and immunity. An explanation is given how autophagy is closely
linked to control of innate and adaptive immune responses in host
defense in part by regulating cytokine production. The role of
autophagy in cutaneous malignant melanoma is discussed in detail
and expression of Beclin 1 and LC3 autophagic genes in melanoma is
included to explain the molecular mechanisms underlying this very
serious disease, which tends to metastasize to the brain. The
effect of the treatment of this disease using Terfenadine through
the induction of autophagy and apoptosis is also included.
Autophagy and apoptosis are two main mechanisms involved in
programmed cell death. Considering that autophagy is associated
with numerous biological processes including cellular development
and differentiation, cancer (both antitumor and protumor
functions), immunity, infectious diseases, inflammation,
maintenance of homeostasis, response to cellular stress, and
degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's,
Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion diseases,
there is a great need to understanding its role. Cell homeostasis
is achieved by balancing biosynthesis and cellular turnover. In
spite of the increasing importance of autophagy in various
pathophysiological situations (conditions) mentioned above, this
process remains underestimated and overlooked. As a consequence,
its role in the initiation, stability, maintenance, and progression
of these and other diseases (e.g., autoimmune disease) remains
poorly understood. Volumes in the Series Volume 1: Molecular
Mechanisms. Elucidates autophagy's association with numerous
biological processes, including cellular development and
differentiation, cancer, immunity, infectious diseases,
inflammation, maintenance of homeostasis, response to cellular
stress, and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's,
Huntington's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prion diseases.
Volume 2: Role in General Diseases. Describes the various aspects
of the complex process of autophagy in a myriad of devastating
human diseases, expanding from a discussion of essential autophagic
functions into the role of autophagy in proteins, pathogens,
immunity, and general diseases. Volume 3: Role in Specific
Diseases. Explores the role of autophagy in specific diseases and
developments, including: Crohn's Disease, Gaucher Disease,
Huntington's Disease, HCV infection, osteoarthritis, and liver
injury, with a full section devoted to in-depth exploration of
autophagy in tumor development and cancer, as well as the
relationship between autophagy and apoptosis. Volume 4: Mitophagy.
Presents detailed information on the role of mitophagy, the
selective autophagy of mitochondria, in health and disease, by
delivering an in-depth treatment of the molecular mechanisms
involved in mitophagy initiation and execution, as well as the role
of mitophagy in Parkinson Disease, cardiac aging, and skeletal
muscle atrophy. Volume 5: Role in Human Diseases. Comprehensively
describes the role of autophagy in human diseases, delivering
coverage of the antitumor and protumor roles of autophagy; the
therapeutic inhibition of autophagy in cancer; and the duality of
autophagy's effects in various cardiovascular, metabolic, and
neurodegenerative disorders. Volume 6: Regulation of Autophagy and
Selective Autophagy. Provides coverage of the mechanisms of
regulation of autophagy; intracellular pathogen use of the
autophagy mechanism; the role of autophagy in host immunity; and
selective autophagy. Volume 7: Role of Autophagy in Therapeutic
Applications. Provides coverage of the latest developments in
autophagosome biogenesis and regulation; the role of autophagy in
protein quality control; the role of autophagy in apoptosis;
autophagy in the cardiovascular system; and the relationships
between autophagy and lifestyle. Volume 8: Autophagy and Human
Diseases. Reviews recent advancements in the molecular mechanisms
underlying a large number of genetic and epigenetic diseases and
abnormalities, and introduces new, more effective therapeutic
strategies, in the development of targeted drugs and programmed
cell death, providing information that will aid on preventing
detrimental inflammation. Volume 9: Human Diseases and
Autophagosome. Emphasizes the role of Autophagy in necrosis and
inflammation, explaining in detail the molecular mechanism(s)
underlying the formation of autophagosomes, including the
progression of Omegasomes to autophagosomes.
Despite success with treatment when diagnosed early, breast cancer
is still one of the most fatal forms of cancer for women. Imaging
diagnosis is still one of the most efficient ways to detect early
breast changes with mammography among the most used techniques.
However, there are other techniques that have emerged as
alternatives or even complementary tests in the early detection of
breast lesions (e.g., breast thermography and electrical impedance
tomography). Artificial intelligence can be used to optimize image
diagnosis, increasing the reliability of the reports and supporting
professionals who do not have enough knowledge or experience to
make good diagnoses. Biomedical Computing for Breast Cancer
Detection and Diagnosis is a collection of research that presents a
review of the physiology and anatomy of the breast; the dynamics of
breast cancer; principles of pattern recognition, artificial neural
networks, and computer graphics; and the breast imaging techniques
and computational methods to support and optimize the diagnosis.
While highlighting topics including mammograms, thermographic
imaging, and intelligent systems, this book is ideally designed for
medical oncologists, surgeons, biomedical engineers, medical
imaging professionals, cancer researchers, academicians, and
students in medicine, biomedicine, biomedical engineering, and
computer science.
Immunotherapy of Cancer provides information on cancer research
related to inflammation and immunity, containing outstanding
reviews by experts in the field. It is suitable for researchers and
students who have an interest in cancer immunobiology.
Cytochrome P450 Function and Pharmacological Roles in Inflammation
and Cancer, the latest volume in the Advances in Pharmacology
series, presents not only the function of cytochrome P450 but also
its pharmacological roles in inflammation and cancer.
In this issue of Radiologic Clinics, guest editor Dr. Hillary W.
Garner brings her considerable expertise to the topic of Imaging of
Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors and Mimickers. Top experts provide
timely articles on the imaging findings and other relevant clinical
information of frequently encountered benign and malignant tumors
of bone and soft tissue, in addition to separate reviews on common
and potentially confusing tumor mimics. In addition, orthopaedic
oncologists have contributed valuable perspectives on how they
incorporate imaging information into their patient care plans.
Contains 11 relevant, practice-oriented topics including bone
tumors: what the oncology team wants to know; bone tumors: imaging
features of common and rare benign entities; bone tumors: common
mimickers; soft tissue tumors: what the oncology team wants to
know; soft tissue tumors: common mimickers; bone and soft tissue
tumors: horizons in radiomics and artificial intelligence; and
more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on imaging of bone and
soft tissue tumors and mimickers, offering actionable insights for
clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely,
focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the
field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and
practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based
reviews.
Advances in Cancer Research provides invaluable information on the
exciting and fast-moving field of cancer research. Here, once
again, outstanding and original reviews are presented on a variety
of topics, including taxane-anti-androgens cross-resistance in
advanced prostate cancer and proteasome inhibitors in the treatment
of multiple myeloma.
Advances in Cancer Research provides invaluable information on the
exciting and fast-moving field of cancer research. Here, once
again, outstanding and original reviews are presented on a variety
of topics.
Anti-angiogenic Drugs as Chemosensitizers in Cancer Therapy, Volume
19 focuses on the use of anti-angiogenic drugs as sensitizers of
tumor cells to the inhibitory activity of antitumor agents.
Conventional and novel anti-neoplastic agents (cytotoxic molecules,
hormones/antihormones, immunotherapies) are taken into
consideration, along with advances made in combination therapies.
The book encompasses examples of studies on the use of
antiangiogenic compounds-molecules that inhibit the growth of
vessels inside a tumor-together with antineoplastic drugs in order
to sensitize the resistant tumor to their cytotoxic effects, thus
reducing adverse side reactions and resistance and improving the
therapeutic response of cancer patients. In addition, the book
discusses clinical applications in various types of cancer, such as
colorectal, lung, breast, renal, genitourinary, skin and brain and
circulating tumors. It is a valuable resource for cancer
researchers, clinicians and members of the biomedical field who
wants to be up-to-date on the most recent and promising
developments in the field.
Multidrug-resistant bacteria play a significant role in public
health by destroying the potency of existing antibiotics.
Meanwhile, cancer remains one of the most common health problems
that impact society, resulting in many deaths worldwide. Novel
strategies are required to combat antimicrobial resistance and
create efficient anticancer drugs that could revolutionize
treatment. Nanomedicine is one such innovation that plays a
significant role in developing alternative and more effective
treatment strategies for antimicrobial resistance and cancer
theranostics. The Handbook of Research on Nano-Strategies for
Combatting Antimicrobial Resistance and Cancer is an essential
scholarly resource that examines (1) how to overcome the existing,
traditional approaches to combat antimicrobial resistance and
cancer; (2) how to apply multiple mechanisms to target the cancer
cells and microbes; and (3) how the nanomaterials can be used as
carriers. Featuring a range of topics such as bacteriophage,
nanomedicine, and oncology, this book is ideal for molecular
biologists, microbiologists, nanotechnologists, academicians,
chemists, pharmacists, oncologists, researchers, healthcare
professionals, and students.
This book presents comprehensive coverage on the importance of good
nutrition in the treatment and management of obesity, cancer and
diabetes. Naturally occurring bioactive compounds are ubiquitous in
most dietary plants available to humans and provide opportunities
for the management of diseases. The text provides information about
the major causes of these diseases and their association with
nutrition. The text also covers the role of dietary phytochemicals
in drug development and their pathways. Later chapters emphasize
novel bioactive compounds as anti-diabetic, anti-cancer and
anti-obesity agents and describe their mechanisms to regulate cell
metabolism. Written by global team of experts, Dietary
Phytochemicals: A Source of Novel Bioactive Compounds for the
Treatment of Obesity, Cancer and Diabetes describes the potentials
of novel phytochemicals, their sources, and underlying mechanism of
action. The chapters were drawn systematically and incorporated
sequentially to facilitate proper understanding. This book is
intended for nutritionists, physicians, medicinal chemists, drug
developers in research and development, postgraduate students and
scientists in area of nutrition and life sciences.
The traditional approach to cancer is that the patient must view
cancer as the enemy and engage in a war to vanquish that enemy. Ann
Wax, RN, argues that this approach is incorrect and invariably
leads to pain, self doubt, and depression. Instead, she argues that
one must find calm and inner-peace first, in order to promote
healing.
The interactions of cells with their surrounding extracellular
matrix (ECM) plays a pivotal role in driving normal cell behavior,
from development to tissue differentiation and function. At the
cellular level, organ homeostasis depends on a productive
communication between cells and ECM, which eventually leads to the
normal phenotypic repertoire that characterize each cell type in
the organism. A failure to establish these normal interactions and
to interpret the cues emanating from the ECM is one of the major
causes in abnormal development and the pathogenesis of multiple
diseases. To recognize and act upon the biophysical signals that
are generated by the cross talk between cells and ECM, the cells
developed specific receptors, among them a unique set of receptor
tyrosine kinases (RTKs), known as the Discoidin Domain Receptors
(DDRs). The DDRs are the only RTKs that specifically bind to and
are activated by collagen, a major protein component of the ECM.
Hence, the DDRs are part of the signaling networks that translate
information from the ECM, and thus they are key regulators of
cell-matrix interactions. Under physiological conditions, DDRs
control cell and tissue homeostasis by acting on collagen sensors;
transducing signals that regulate cell polarity, tissue
morphogenesis, cell differentiation, and collagen deposition. DDRs
play a key role in diseases that are characterized by dysfunction
of the stromal component, which lead to abnormal collagen
deposition and the resulting fibrotic response that disrupt normal
organ function in disease of the cardiovascular system, lungs and
kidneys, just to mention a few. In cancer, DDRs are hijacked by
tumor and stromal cells to disrupt normal cell-collagen
communication and initiate pro-oncogenic programs. Importantly,
several cancer types exhibit DDR mutations, which are thought to
alter receptor function, and contribute to cancer progression.
Therefore, the strong causative association between altered RTK
function and disease it is been translated today in the development
of specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting DDRs for various
disease conditions. In spite of the accumulating evidence
highlighting the importance of DDRs in health and diseases, there
is still much to learn about these unique RTKs, as of today there
is a lack in the medical literature of a book dedicated solely to
DDRs. This is the first comprehensive volume dedicated to DDRs,
which will fill a gap in the field and serve those interested in
the scientific community to learn more about these important
receptors in health and disease.
In this issue of Thoracic Surgery Clinics, Guest Editor Farid
Shamji brings considerable expertise to the topic of Lung Cancer in
this second issue covering this topic. Top experts in the field
cover key topics such as biological treatments, improving
anesthesia safety in pulmonary resection for lung cancer, history
of surgical instruments in thoracic surgery, The Hemithorax - the
empty chest syndrome, and more. Provides in-depth, clinical reviews
on lung cancer, providing actionable insights for clinical
practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused
topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field;
Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice
guidelines to create these timely topic-based reviews. Contains 16
relevant, practice-oriented topics including Assessment of
Operability and Resectability in Lung Cancer; Complications of
chest wall resection in conjunction with pulmonary resection;
Sepsis in the postpneumonectomy space: pathogenesis, recognition
and management; Neuroendocrine cancers of the lung: natural
history, pathological classification, biological behaviour and
treatment; and more.
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