This augmented and updated fourth edition introduces a new complement of computational tools and examples for each chapter and continues to provide a grounding in the tensor-based theory of elasticity for students in mechanical, civil, aeronautical and biomedical engineering and materials and earth science. Professor Gould's proven approach allows faculty to introduce this subject early on in an educational program, where students are able to understand and apply the basic notions of mechanics to stress analysis and move on to advanced work in continuum mechanics, plasticity, plate and shell theory, composite materials and finite element mechanics. With the introductory material on the use of MATLAB, students can apply this modern computational tool to solve classic elasticity problems. The detailed solutions of example problems using both analytical derivations and computational tools helps student to grasp the essence of elasticity and practical skills of applying the basic mechanics theorem.

This thesis presents experimental research on the interaction between the optical field and the mechanical oscillator in whispering-gallery mode microcavities. It demonstrates how optomechanical interactions in a microresonator can be used to achieve non-magnetic non-reciprocity and develop all-optically controlled non-reciprocal multifunctional photonic devices. The thesis also discusses the interaction between the travelling optical and mechanical whispering-gallery modes, paving the way for non-reciprocal light storage as a coherent, circulating acoustic wave with a lifetime of up to tens of microseconds. Lastly, the thesis presents a high-frequency phase-sensitive heterodyne vibrometer, operating up to 10 GHz, which can be used for the high-resolution, non-invasive mapping of the vibration patterns of acoustic devices. The results presented here show that optomechanical devices hold great potential in the field of information processing.

This pioneering book presents new models for the thermomechanical behavior of composite materials, taking into account internal physico-chemical transformations such as thermodecomposition, sublimation, and melting at high temperatures. It collects unique experimental results on mechanical and thermal properties of composites at temperatures up to 2000 C. "

This collection of classic papers in shock compression science makes available not only some of the most important classic papers on shock waves by Poisson, Rankine, Earnshaw, Riemann, and Hugoniot, which remain important references, but also some pathbreaking papers from the 1940s and 1950s on shocks in solids and fluids by such theorists as Bethe, and Weyl. Although their ideas and results remain of current interest, many of these papers have been hard to find, since the journals in which they were published are not available in many libraries. The editors have also translated papers written in French to make them accessible to a wider audience. This collection is thus not only a valuable historical resource but also a vital reference for those working in the field.

This book includes a collection of state-of-the-art contributions addressing both theoretical developments in, and successful applications of, seismic structural health monitoring (S2HM). Over the past few decades, Seismic SHM has expanded considerably, due to the growing demand among various stakeholders (owners, managers and engineering professionals) and researchers. The discipline has matured in the process, as can be seen by the number of S2HM systems currently installed worldwide. Furthermore, the responses recorded by S2HM systems hold great potential, both with regard to the management of emergency situations and to ordinary maintenance needs. The book's 17 chapters, prepared by leading international experts, are divided into four major sections. The first comprises six chapters describing the specific requirements of S2HM systems for different types of civil structures and infrastructures (buildings, bridges, cultural heritage, dams, structures with base isolation devices) and for monitoring different phenomena (e.g. soil-structure interaction and excessive drift). The second section describes available methods and computational tools for data processing, while the third is dedicated to hardware and software tools for S2HM. In the book's closing section, five chapters report on state-of-the-art applications of S2HM around the world.

The idea that materials can be designed to satisfy specific performance requirements is relatively new. With high-performance composites, however, the entire process of designing and fabricating a part can be worked out before manufacturing. The purpose of this book is to present an integrated approach to the design and manufacturing of products from advanced composites. It shows how the basic behavior of composites and their constitutive relationships can be used during the design stage, which minimizes the complexity of manufacturing composite parts and reduces the repetitive "design-build-test" cycle. Designing it right the first time is going to determine the competitiveness of a company, the reliability of the part, the robustness of fabrication processes, and ultimately, the cost and development time of composite parts. Most of all, it should expand the use of advanced composite parts in fields that use composites only to a limited extent at this time. To achieve these goals, this book presents the design and fabrication of novel composite parts made for machine tools and other applications like robots and automobiles.
This book is suitable as a textbook for graduate courses in the design and fabrication of composites. It will also be of interest to practicing engineers learning about composites and axiomatic design.
A CD-ROM is included in every copy of the book, containing Axiomatic CLPT software. This program, developed by the authors, will assist readers in calculating material properties from the microstructure of the composite.
This book is part of the Oxford Series on Advanced Manufacturing.

This book provides a critical review of the equilibrium elastic properties of rubber, together with the kinetic-theory background. It is suitable for the non-specialist and the emphasis is on the physical reality embodied in the mathematical formulations. Polymer science had developed greatly since the second edition of this text in 1958, and the two main advances - the refinements of the network theory and associated thermodynamic analysis, and the development of the phenomenological or non-molecular approach to the subject - are both reflected in the structure of this third edition.

Finite Element, Boundary Element, Finite Volume, and Finite Difference Analysis are all commonly used in nearly all engineering disciplines to simplify complex problems of geometry and change. But they all tend to oversimplify. The Cell Method is a more recent computational approach developed initially for problems in solid mechanics and electro-magnetic field analysis. It is a more algebraic approach, and it offers a more accurate representation of geometric and topological features. This will be perhaps the first book-length work in the world that explicates the Cell Method and that shows how useful it can be for practical problem solving, especially in problems in solid mechanics.

This book focuses on nonlinear finite element analysis of thin-walled smart structures integrated with piezoelectric materials. Two types of nonlinear phenomena are presented in the book, namely geometrical nonlinearity and material nonlinearity. Geometrical nonlinearity mainly results from large deformations and large rotations of structures. The book discusses various geometrically nonlinear theories including von Karman type nonlinear theory, moderate rotation nonlinear theory, fully geometrically nonlinear theory with moderate rotations and large rotation nonlinear theory. The material nonlinearity mainly considered in this book is electroelastic coupled nonlinearity resulting from large driving electric field. This book will be a good reference for students and researchers in the field of structural mechanics.

This volume presents the latest research and industrial applications in the areas of mechanism science, robotics and dynamics. The respective contributions cover such topics as computational kinematics, control issues in mechanical systems, mechanisms for medical rehabilitation, mechanisms for minimally invasive techniques, cable robots, design issues for mechanisms and robots, and the teaching and history of mechanisms. Written by leading researchers and engineers, and selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, the papers highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations. They reflect the outcomes of the 8th European Conference on Mechanism Science (EuCoMeS) in 2020.

This book describes the main concepts of and recent advances in the base forces element method (BFEM). It combines theories, methods, models, numerical results, and an analysis of the BFEM. Each chapter starts with an introduction and derivation of a new mathematical model for the proposed method. Subsequently, the methods are described and numerical examples demonstrating the significance of the proposed method are presented. The closing chapter summarizes the performance and features of the BFEM and describes the prospects for its application. The book is intended for engineers, scientists and graduate students in applied mechanics and applied mathematics, and for all readers interested in numerical computations and simulations.

This book evaluates the importance of various historical sources and discusses their role in the creation and transmission of scientific knowledge. It presents an annotated translation of the introductory words given by Johan Ludvig Heiberg to his translation of the works of Archimedes. Further, it offers English translations of and commentaries on selected fundamental works by Ernst Hellinger and Gabrio Piola, which lay the groundwork for the modern theory of advanced materials, and also examines the criteria used to evaluate scientific works.

This book offers a comprehensive and timely overview of the latest developments in the field of biomechanics and extensive knowledge of tissue structure, function, and modeling. Gathering chapters written by authoritative scientists, it reports on a range of continuum and computational models of solids, and related experimental works, for biomechanical applications. It discusses cutting-edge advances such as constitutive modeling and computational simulation of biological tissues and organs under physiological and pathological conditions, and their mechanical characterization. It covers innovative studies on arteries, heart, valvular tissue, and thrombus, brain tumor, muscle, liver, kidney, and stomach, among others. Written in honor of Professor Gerhard A. Holzapfel, the book provides specialized readers with a thorough and timely overview of different types of modeling in biomechanics, and current knowledge about biological structures and function.

This book features selected manuscripts presented at ICoNSoM 2019, exploring cutting-edge methods for developing novel models in nonlinear solid mechanics. Innovative methods like additive manufacturing-for example, 3D printing- and miniaturization mean that engineers need more accurate techniques for modeling solid body mechanics. The book focuses on the formulation of continuum and discrete models for complex materials and systems, particularly the design of metamaterials.

This text closes the gap between traditional textbooks on structural dynamics and how structural dynamics is practiced in a world driven by commercial software, where performance-based design is increasingly important. The book emphasizes numerical methods, nonlinear response of structures, and the analysis of continuous systems (e.g., wave propagation). Fundamentals of Structural Dynamics: Theory and Computation builds the theory of structural dynamics from simple single-degree-of-freedom systems through complex nonlinear beams and frames in a consistent theoretical context supported by an extensive set of MATLAB codes that not only illustrate and support the principles, but provide powerful tools for exploration. The book is designed for students learning structural dynamics for the first time but also serves as a reference for professionals throughout their careers.

In this book, the authors use molecular dynamics simulations to conduct a comprehensive study of the compression/superheating limit and phase transition of 2D (monolayer, bilayer, and trilayer) water/ice constrained in graphene nanocapillaries. When subjected to nanoscale confinement and under ultrahigh pressure, water and ice behave quite differently than their bulk counterparts, partly because the van der Waals pressure can spark a water-to-ice transformation, known as the metastability limit of two-dimensional (2D) liquids. From a mechanical standpoint, this liquid-to-solid transformation characterizes the compression limit (or metastability limit) of 2D water. The findings presented here could help us to better understand the phase behavior of 2D confined water/ice.

The present volume contains the written versions of most of the invited talks of the Spring Meeting of the Condensed Matter Physics section of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft held from March 25 to 29, 2002 in Regensburg, Germany. Also contained are those talks presented as part of the Symposia most of which were organized by several divisions in collaboration and covered a fascinating selection of topics of current interest. Thus this volume reflects the status of condensed matter physics in Germany in the year 2002. In particular, one notes a slight change in paradigms: from quantum dots and wires to spin transport and soft matter systems in the broadest sense. This seems to reflect the present general trend in physics. Nevertheless, a large portion of the invited papers concentrate on nanostructured matter.

This volume gives background knowledge about the difficult matter of electrochemical behaviour of glass melts and solid glasses, laying the foundations for- a sound understanding of physicochemical redox and ion transfer processes in solid or liquid glasses and the interpretation of experimental results;- control of production processes, including fining, interface reactions and thermodynamic equilibria of glass melts with refractories and the surrounding atmosphere;- the field-driven ion exchange between solutions and glasses or within electrochromic thin-film systems; - fundamentals and application of glass electrodes for PH measurements, as well as information about the presently ongoing redefinition by a IUPAC committee;- mechanisms responsible for glass corrosion;- the concept of optical basicity.

Liquid crystal elastomers are an entirely new physical system with unique properties occupying a transitional zone between liquids and solids. This book is the foundation treatise in this emerging field of combined chemistry, physics, mathematics and engineering. It reviews experimental techniques and results and describes theoretical ideas, illustrating them by solved examples and nearly 200 figures. In addition, the book reviews the foundations of the field: the physics of liquid crystals, polymer physics and foundations of elasticity, thus making a useful and concise reference source.

This book presents guidelines on quantitative and qualitative measures of the geometric features and imperfections of welds to ensure that it meets the fatigue strength requirements laid out in the recommendations of the IIW (International Institute of Welding). Welds that satisfy these quality criteria can be assessed in accordance with existing IIW recommendations based on nominal stress, structural stress, notch stress or linear fracture mechanics. Further, the book defines more restrictive acceptance criteria based on weld geometry features and imperfections with increased fatigue strength. Fatigue strength for these welds is defined as S-N curves expressed in terms of nominal applied stress or hot spot stress. Where appropriate, reference is made to existing quality systems for welds.In addition to the acceptance criteria and fatigue assessment curves, the book also provides guidance on their inspection and quality control. The successful implementation of these methods depends on adequate training for operators and inspectors alike. As such, the publication of the present IIW Recommendations is intended to encourage the production of appropriate training aids and guidelines for educating, training and certifying operators and inspectors.

This book comprises the proceedings of the Virtual Seminar on Applied Mechanics 2021 organized by the Indian Society for Applied Mechanics. The contents of this volume focus on solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, biomechanics/biomedical engineering, materials science and design engineering. The authors are experienced practitioners and the chapters encompass up-to-date research in the field of applied mechanics. This book will appeal to researchers and scholars across the broad spectrum of engineering involving the application of mechanics in civil, mechanical, aerospace, automobile, bio-medical, material science, and more.

This book reviews the mathematical modeling and experimental study of systems involving two or more different length scales. The effects of phenomena occurring at the lower length scales on the behavior at higher scales are of intrinsic scientific interest, but can also be very effectively used to determine the behavior at higher length scales or at the macro-level. Efforts to exploit this micro- and macro-coupling are, naturally, being pursued with regard to every aspect of mechanical phenomena. This book focuses on the changes imposed on the dynamics, strength of materials and durability of mechanical systems by related multiscale phenomena. In particular, it addresses: 1: the impacts of effective dissipation due to kinetic energy trapped at lower scales 2: wave propagation in generalized continua 3: nonlinear phenomena in metamaterials 4: the formalization of more general models to describe the exotic behavior of meta-materials 5: the design and study of microstructures aimed at increasing the toughness and durability of novel materials

This book offers a comprehensive and timely report of size-dependent continuum mechanics approaches. Written by scientists with worldwide reputation and established expertise, it covers the most recent findings, advanced theoretical developments and computational techniques, as well as a range of applications, in the field of nonlocal continuum mechanics. Chapters are concerned with lattice-based nonlocal models, Eringen's nonlocal models, gradient theories of elasticity, strain- and stress-driven nonlocal models, and peridynamic theory, among other topics. This book provides researchers and practitioners with extensive and specialized information on cutting-edge theories and methods, innovative solutions to current problems and a timely insight into the behavior of some advanced materials and structures. It also offers a useful reference guide to senior undergraduate and graduate students in mechanical engineering, materials science, and applied physics.

This is the first single volume monograph that systematically summarizes the recent progress in using non-Fourier heat conduction theories to deal with the multiphysical behaviour of smart materials and structures. The book contains six chapters and starts with a brief introduction to Fourier and non-Fourier heat conduction theories. Non-Fourier heat conduction theories include Cattaneo-Vernotte, dual-phase-lag (DPL), three-phase-lag (TPL), fractional phase-lag, and nonlocal phase-lag heat theories. Then, the fundamentals of thermal wave characteristics are introduced through reviewing the methods for solving non-Fourier heat conduction theories and by presenting transient heat transport in representative homogeneous and advanced heterogeneous materials. The book provides the fundamentals of smart materials and structures, including the background, application, and governing equations. In particular, functionally-graded smart structures made of piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, and magnetoelectroelastic materials are introduced as they represent the recent development in the industry. A series of uncoupled thermal stress analyses on one-dimensional structures are also included. The volume ends with coupled thermal stress analyses of one-dimensional homogenous and heterogeneous smart piezoelectric structures considering different coupled thermopiezoelectric theories. Last but not least, fracture behavior of smart structures under thermal disturbance is investigated and the authors propose directions for future research on the topic of multiphysical analysis of smart materials.

This book provides an introduction to fundamental concepts of solid mechanics for the uninitiated. It also includes a concise review of fundamentals for those who have been away from the field for a time or are studying for a final exam or engineering license exam. The coverage ranges from fundamental definitions through constitutive equations, axial loading, torsion, bending, thermal effects, stability, pressure vessels, plates and shells, computational mechanics, and fibrous composite materials.