This the second volume of five from the 28th IMAC on Structural Dynamics and Renewable Energy, 2010, bringing together 17 chapters on Applications of Non-Linear Dynamics. It presents early findings from experimental and computational investigations on Non-Linear Dynamics including studies on Dynamics of a System of Coupled Oscillators with Geometrically Nonlinear Damping, Assigning the Nonlinear Distortions of a Two-input Single-output System, A Multi-harmonic Approach to Updating Locally Nonlinear Structures, A Block Rocking on a Seesawing Foundation, and Enhanced Order Reduction of Forced Nonlinear Systems Using New Ritz Vectors.

Buried pipes are a highly efficient method of transport. In fact, only open channels are less costly to construct. However, the structural mechanics of buried pipes can be complicated, and imprecisions in the properties of the soil envelope are usually too great to justify lengthy, complicated analyses. Designers and engineers need principles and methods that simplify analysis and maximize their knowledge of the pipe's performance and performance limits.
Structural Mechanics of Buried Pipes minimizes complicated theories, breaks through the imprecisions in the properties of soil, and presents principles that simplify analysis and lead to designs of higher performance and safety.
With knowledge built on experience, experimentation, and sound principles, the authors guide readers through the design and analysis processes. They use examples based on actual buried structures and analyze a variety of pipe-soil interaction problems.
Sound principles, plentiful examples, and a straightforward presentation provide an outstanding framework for hands-on application and an ideal self-study guide.

This concise work provides a general introduction to the design of buildings which must be resistant to the effect of earthquakes. A major part of this design involves the building structure which has a primary role in preventing serious damage or structural collapse. Much of the material presented in this book examines building structures. Due to the recent discovery of vertical components, it examines not only the resistance to lateral forces but also analyses the disastrous influence of vertical components.

The work is written for Practicing Civil, Structural, and Mechanical Engineers, Seismologists and Geoscientists. It serves as a knowledge source for graduate students and their instructors.

More than six years ago, several of Rabotnov's close friends and colleagues from the USSR and USA decided to contribute a volume on Plasticity and Failure of Solids in honor of his 70th birthday. The celebration was interrupted unexpectedly by his death on May 13, 1985 at which time another decision was made still to publish the work, but as a memorial volume. As in any field of scientific endeavor, research confronts the scientists with anomalies; our chosen area is no exception. The ways in which failure criteria and plasticity theory are combined can differ widely among the researchers; they will never yield quite the same results. Each of the invited contributors has, therefore, been encouraged to express his views and to expound on his personal opinion. The contributors are free of enumeration from the authority and/or consensus of any scientific society or community. What impedes scientific process is the esoteric tradition of accepting ideas and theories by consensus among members of societies and communities. The absence of such a trend is refreshing; the collaboration between the authors from the USSR and the USA had to be one of the contributing factors. Finally, the editors wish to acknowledge the authors who have made the publication of this volume possible. a. c. Sib S. T. Mileiko AJ. Ishlinsky xi The late Professor Yuriy Nickolaevich Rabotnov (February 24, 1914 - May 13, 1985) xii Scientific biography of the late academician Yu. N.

This book examines how the state of underground structures can be determined with the assistance of force, deformation and energy. It then analyzes mechanized shield methods, the New Austrian tunneling method (NATM) and conventional methods from this new perspective. The book gathers a wealth of cases reflecting the experiences of practitioners and administrators alike. Based on statistical and engineering studies of these cases, as well as lab and field experiments, it develops a stability assessment approach incorporating a stable equilibrium, which enables engineers to keep the structure and surrounding rocks safe as long as the stable equilibrium and deformation compliance are maintained. The book illustrates the implementation of the method in various tunneling contexts, including soil-rock mixed strata, tunneling beneath operating roads, underwater tunnels, and tunnel pit excavation. It offers a valuable guide for researchers, designers and engineers, especially those who are seeking to understand the underlying principles of underground excavation.

Assuming only basic knowledge of mathematics and engineering mechanics, this lucid reference introduces the fundamentals of finite element theory using easy-to-understand terms and simple problems-systematically grounding the practitioner in the basic principles then suggesting applications to more general cases. Furnishes a wealth of practical insights drawn from the extensive experience of a specialist in the field Providing an in-depth overview of the analysis process, Practical Guide to Finite Elements describes the casting of elementary mechanics problems into a simplified form with idealization techniques shows how energy methods are employed to solve engineering problems involving stress, strain, and displacement outlines a process for computer-aided engineering analysis explains how numerical integration is utilized in conjunction with parametric elements demonstrates how a simple FORTRAN software routine computes element stiffness considers the use of loads and boundary conditions in finite element models presents common pitfalls that beginning analysts are likely to encounter addresses the interpretation of finite element analysis results and more Generously illustrated with over 200 detailed drawings to clarify discussions and containing key literature citations for more in-depth study of particular topics, this clearly written resource is an exceptional guide for mechanical, civil, aeronautic, automotive, electrical and electronics, and design engineers; engineering managers; and upper-level undergraduate, graduate, and continuing-education students in these disciplines.

This book casts new light on the process that in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries led to a profound transformation in the study of nature with the emergence of mechanistic philosophy, the new mixed mathematics, and the establishment of the experimental approach. It is argued that modern European science originated from Hellenistic mathematics not so much because of rediscovery of the latter but rather because its "applied" components, namely mechanics, optics, harmonics, and astronomy, and their methodologies continued to be transmitted throughout the Middle Ages without serious interruption. Furthermore, it is proposed that these "applied" components played a role in their entirety; thus, for example, "new" mechanics derived not only from "old" mechanics but also from harmonics, optics, and astronomy. Unlike other texts on the subject, the role of mathematicians is stressed over that of philosophers of nature and the focus is particularly on epistemological aspects. In exploring Galilean and post-Galilean epistemology, attention is paid to the contributions of Galileo's disciples and also the impact of his enemies. The book will appeal to both historians of science and scientists.

Multinary compounds are now used in a wide range of devices, including photovoltaic solar cells, light emitters and detectors, and piezoelectric actuators. Ternary and Multinary Compounds provides an interdisciplinary forum for scientists and engineers working on fundamental and applied aspects of these materials. The volume focuses on optoelectronic properties, electronic band structure, charge carrier transport, optical and magnetic properties, and superconductivity. It includes chapters on the research and development of new techniques and novel materials, such as laser ablation deposition and ferroelectrics.

This dictionary represents today the most extensive rock blasting dictionary available and it is therefore a valuable tool and essential for research and writing reports, papers to international journals.

Terminology is important in the process of development of a science because it is the language for communication between students, teachers, technicians, scientists and practitioners in the field of blasting. This dictionary contains 1,980 terms, 316 symbols, ninety-three acronyms, abbreviations and shortened forms, 221 references, thirty-one figures, thity-two formulas and twenty-eight tables. In this book, not only short definitions of the terms are presented, but also a quantification of some terms is included, and their relationship to other parameters in blasting is highlighted.

All students, teachers, technicians, engineers, scientists and practioners in the field of blasting should get a copy as a desk reference book. If we all use the same symbols for example, the reading of blasting papers is speeded up and facilitated a lot.

This volume contains the articles presented at the 18th International Meshing Roundtable (IMR) organized, in part, by Sandia National Laboratories and held October 25-28, 2009 in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA. The volume presents recent results of mesh generation and adaptation which has applications to finite element simulation. It introduces theoretical and novel ideas with practical potential.

The theory of thermoelasticity studies the interaction between thermal and mechan ical fields in elastic bodies. This theory is of interest both for the mathematical and technical point of view. Intense interest has been shown recently in this field owing to the great practical importance of dynamical effects in aeronautics, nu clear reactors, and its potential importance in cryogenic applications. This work is concerned mainly with basic problems of the theory of thermoelasticity. Ther moelasticity of polar materials and the theories of thermoelasticity with finite wave speeds are not considered here. The reader interested in these subjects will find a full account in the works of Nowacki [280], Chandrasekharaiah [60] and Ignaczak [195]. Our purpose in this work is to present a systematic treatment of some results established in the theory of thermoelasticity. On the whole, the subject matter is directed towards recent developments. Chapter 1 is concerned mainly with the development of the fundamental equa tions of the theory of thermoelasticity. The kinematics and primitive concepts associated with the basic principles are developed and emphasized only to the ex tent that they are needed in our treatment of the subject. Chapter 2 is devoted to a study of linear thermoelastic deformations for prestressed bodies. We have at tempted to isolate those conceptual and mathematical difficulties which arise over and above those inherent in the problems concerned with unstressed bodies.

This book highlights a systematic introduction to the basic theory of elastic wave propagation in complex media. The theory of elastic waves is widely used in fields such as geophysical exploration, seismic survey, medical ultrasound imaging, nondestructive testing of materials and structures, phononic crystals, metamaterials and structure health monitoring. To help readers develop a systematic grasp of the basic theory, and thus its applications, the book elaborates on the theory of elastic wave propagation in isotropic solid media, covering phenomena in infinite media, interfaces, layered structure with finite thickness, Rayleigh wave and Love wave propagating along the surface of semi-infinite solid and covering layer, and the guided waves and leaky waves in flat plates and in cylindrical rods. The propagation patterns and features of guided waves in cylindrical shells and spherical shells are also introduced. The author wrote the book based on a decade of teaching experience of a graduate course of the same name and two decades of research on the theory and applications. The book is a valuable reference for students, researchers and professionals who expect an understandable and comprehensive discussion of the theory, analytical methods and related research results.

The 30th International Geological Congress was held in Beijing, China in August 1997. Leading scientists convened to present their findings and views to the international geological research community. Volume 14 of 26 focuses on structural geology and geomechanics. All articles in the proceedings have been refereed and keynote papers have been included in Volume 1. These proceedings aim to present a view of contemporary geology and should be of interest to researchers in the geological sciences.

The use of positive muons to simulate protons in solids is a relatively new, but already successful field of research, which exploits the unique properties of the muon. This book is a collection of papers for special issues of the Philosophical Magazine Part B and the Philosophical Magazine Transactions A, together with previously unreleased material presented at a seminar on the subject. The 30 papers here are written by an international team of experts who effectively cover both the theoretical and experimental aspects of the subject.

The Advances in Applied Mechanics book series draws together recent significant advances in various topics in applied mechanics. Published since 1948, "Advances in Applied Mechanics" aims to provide authoritative review articles on topics in the mechanical sciences, primarily of interest to scientists and engineers working in the various branches of mechanics, but also of interest to the many who use the results of investigations in mechanics in various application areas, such as aerospace, chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical and nuclear engineering.
Covers all fields of the mechanical sciences
Highlights classical and modern areas of mechanics that are ready for review
Provides comprehensive coverage of the field in question"

The book contains state-of the-art reviews in the area of effective properties of heterogeneous materials - the classical field at interface of materials science and solid mechanics. The primary focus is on thermo-mechanical properties, materials science applications, as well as computational aspects and new opportunities provided by rapidly increasing computer powers. The reviews are at the level that is appropriate for a substantial community of researchers working in this field, both at universities and in the industry, and to graduate students. The book can be used as supplementary reading to graduate level courses.

This book collects 42 peer-reviewed papers presented in the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Nanostructured Materials by High-Pressure Severe Plastic Deformation, held in Donetsk, Ukraine, September 22-24, 2004.

Recently, it was reported that nanostructured materials processed under high pressure by HPT and ECAP have an extraordinary combination of both high strength and high ductility, which are two desirable, but rarely co-existing properties. These findings indicate that high-pressure is a critical factor that can be employed to process nanostructured materials with superior mechanical, and possibly also physical, properties. It is the objective of this workshop to review our current knowledge, identify issues for future research, and discuss future directions on the processing and properties of nanostructured materials via SPD techniques, with a special emphasis on high-pressure effects.

During the 3-day workshop, about 60 scientists from 12 countries presented 60 papers. Over 20 keynote presentations were given by distinguished scientists in this field. Papers in this book cover areas of high pressure effect on the nanostructure and properties of SPD-processed materials, fundamentals of nanostructured materials, development of high-pressure SPD technologies for commercializations, recent advances of SPD technologies as well as applications and future markets of SPD-processed nanostructured materials

A state-of-the-art report prepared by RILEM Technical Committee 116-PCD. At present, durability of concrete is controlled by specifying the materials to be used, the methods of mixing, placing, curing and so on. This approach is often unsatisfactory and it is a common objective of concrete researchers and engineers to develop performance criteria which allow the potential durability of a particular concrete mix or structure to be estimated. However, the complexity of concrete as a material and the difficulty of developing consistent and reliable test methods has meant that progress has been slow. International interest in the subject is growing strongly with the development of international standards and so this book is very timely in giving an authoritative, international review of the subject. It will set the scene for the next few years as a key source of information and advice.

In Mechanics of Poroelastic Media the classical theory of poroelasticity developed by Biot is developed and extended to the study of problems in geomechanics, biomechanics, environmental mechanics and materials science. The contributions are grouped into sections covering constitutive modelling, analytical aspects, numerical modelling, and applications to problems. The applications of the classical theory of poroelasticity to a wider class of problems will be of particular interest. The text is a standard reference for researchers interested in developing mathematical models of poroelasticity in geoenvironmental mechanics, and in the application of advanced theories of poroelastic biomaterials to the mechanics of biomaterials.

This book provides a comprehensive and authoritative review of durability of the frost resistance of concrete. It will enable both concrete materials specialists and practising engineers to better understand the deterioration processes which take place during freezing and thawing, and the effects of de-icing salts on concrete. It shows how test procedures can be used to provide worthwhile information and explains the many problems associated with their use. Durability of Concrete in Cold Climates explains how concrete can be designed and produced to be durable in cold environments, through careful selection of materials, mixture composition and proper use of air entrainment. It is fully illustrated with photographs and diagrams and contains over 250 references to sources and other publications. The main topics covered are: theories of frost ction and de-icer salt scaling mechanisms; laboratory tests; influence of materials and mix characteristics; air entrainment; field performance; and frost durability of dry concretes.

This book provides recommendations for thermal and structural modelling of spacecraft structures for predicting thermoelastic responses. It touches upon the related aspects of the finite element and thermal lumped parameter method. A mix of theoretical and practical examples supports the modelling guidelines. Starting from the system needs of instruments of spacecraft, the reader is supported with the development of the practical requirements for the joint development of the thermal and structural models. It provides points of attention and suggestions to check the quality of the models.The temperature mapping problem, typical for spacecraft thermoelastic analysis, is addressed. The principles of various temperature mapping methods are presented. The prescribed average temperature method, co-developed by the authors, is discussed in detail together with its spin-off to provide high quality conductors for thermal models. The book concludes with the discussion of the application of uncertainty assessment methods. The thermoelastic analysis chain is computationally expensive. Therefore, the 2k+1 point estimate method of Rosenblueth is presented as an alternative for the Monte Carlo Simuation method, bringing stochastic uncertainty analysis in reach for large thermoelastic problems.

Computational kinematics is an enthralling area of science with a rich spectrum of problems at the junction of mechanics, robotics, computer science, mathematics, and computer graphics. The covered topics include design and optimization of cable-driven robots, analysis of parallel manipulators, motion planning, numerical methods for mechanism calibration and optimization, geometric approaches to mechanism analysis and design, synthesis of mechanisms, kinematical issues in biomechanics, construction of novel mechanical devices, as well as detection and treatment of singularities.

The results should be of interest for practicing and research engineers as well as Ph.D. students from the fields of mechanical and electrical engineering, computer science, and computer graphics.

A few years ago the Helmholtz Association (HGF) consisting of 15 research Institutions including the German Aerospace Center (DLR) started a network research program called 'Virtual Institutes'. The basic idea of this program was to establish research groups formed by Helmholtz research centers and universities to study and develop methods or technologies for future applications and educate young scientists. It should also enable and encourage the partners of this Virtual Institute after 3 years funding to continue their cooperation in other programs. Following this HGF request and chance the DLR Windtunnel Department of the Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology took the initiative and established a network with other DLR institutes and German u- versities RWTH Aachen, University of Stuttgart and Technical University Munich. The main goal of this network was to share the experience in system analysis, ae- dynamics and material science for aerospace for improving the understanding and applicability of some key technologies for future reusable space transportation s- tems. Therefore, the virtual institute was named RESPACE (Key Technologies for Re- Usable Space Systems).

The fundamental theories of simulating blast effects in elastic and elastoplastic media are presented in this monograph. Both classical and modern methods for modelling the processes of rock breakage by blasting are described. Contemporary methods for recording the processes occurring at high speeds are also presented. Physical and mathematical models of the major phenomena associated with blasting in open-cast and underground mines are illustrated. This monograph is intended for professionals involved in research and in the utilisation of blast energy in various sectors of the national economy.