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Books > Science & Mathematics > Chemistry > Analytical chemistry > Qualitative analytical chemistry > Chemical spectroscopy, spectrochemistry > General
Photoacoustic and Photothermal Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications introduces the basic principles, instrumentation and major developments in the many applications of Photoacoustic and Photothermal Spectroscopy over the last three decades. The book explains the processes of sound generation by periodic optical excitation and ultrasonic generation by pulsed laser excitation and describes the workings of photoacoustic cells equipped with microphones and piezoelectric transducers. Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) is one of the fastest-growing imaging modalities of recent times. It combines the advantages of ultrasound and optical imaging techniques. These non-invasive and non-destructive techniques offer many benefits to users by enabling spectroscopy of opaque and inhomogeneous materials, (solid, liquid, powder, gel, gases) without any sample preparation, and more.
Capacitance spectroscopy refers to techniques for characterizing the electrical properties of semiconductor materials, junctions, and interfaces, all from the dependence of device capacitance on frequency, time, temperature, and electric potential. This book includes 15 chapters written by world-recognized, leading experts in the field, academia, national institutions, and industry, divided into four sections: Physics, Instrumentation, Applications, and Emerging Techniques. The first section establishes the fundamental framework relating capacitance and its allied concepts of conductance, admittance, and impedance to the electrical and optical properties of semiconductors. The second section reviews the electronic principles of capacitance measurements used by commercial products, as well as custom apparatus. The third section details the implementation in various scientific fields and industries, such as photovoltaics and electronic and optoelectronic devices. The last section presents the latest advances in capacitance-based electrical characterization aimed at reaching nanometer-scale resolution.
This unique, self-contained resource is the first volume on electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in the eMagRes Handbook series. The 27 chapters cover the theoretical principles, the common experimental techniques, and many important application areas of modern EPR spectroscopy. EPR Spectroscopy: Fundamentals and Methods is presented in four major parts: A: Fundamental Theory, B: Basic Techniques and Instrumentation, C: High-Resolution Pulse Techniques, and D: Special Techniques. The first part of the book gives the reader an introduction to basic continuous-wave (CW) EPR and an overview of the different magnetic interactions that can be determined by EPR spectroscopy, their associated theoretical description, and their information content. The second provides the basics of the various EPR techniques, including pulse EPR, and EPR imaging, along with the associated instrumentation. Parts C and D builds on parts A and B and offer introductory accounts of a wide range of modern advanced EPR techniques, with examples of applications. The last two parts presents most of the new advances that do not appear in most of the classical EPR textbooks that focus on CW EPR. EPR Spectroscopy: Fundamentals and Methods contains, in concise form, all the material needed to understand state-of-the-art EPR spectroscopy at the graduate school/research level, whilst the editors have ensured that it presents the topic at a level accessible to newcomers to the field and others who want to know its range of application and how to apply it.
THE PRINCIPLES, APPLICATIONS, AND TRENDS OF A KEY TOOL IN FOOD SCIENCE Maximizing food potential has become one of the priorities of the food industry and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is fast becoming a key "ingredient" in achieving that goal. Taking its place among other proven spectroscopic tools, near-infrared spectroscopy facilitates, for example, quality measurements made early in the production when fresh products are still edible, helping to determine whether the product goes to fresh market or to processing and thereby minimizing waste. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Food Science and Technology is one of the few available resources that applies this valuable technique specifically to the food science and technology industries. Written by authors with extensive expertise in NIRS and food science, this comprehensive resource provides an introduction to and overview of the technical aspects of NIRS, including: Basic principles of near-infrared spectroscopy Characteristics of the NIR spectra Instrumentation Sampling techniques Chemometrics Stressing the practical application of near-infrared technology, the book details the method's use in four key areas of food science and technology: agricultural and marine products, foodstuffs and processed foods, engineering and process monitoring, and food safety and disease diagnosis. Nearly encyclopedic in its coverage, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Food Science and Technology will prove a valuable guide for food science professionals as well as scientists and engineers in a wide range of related fields.
This new volume of "Methods in Enzymology" continues the legacy of
this premier serial by containing quality chapters authored by
leaders in the field. This volume coversFluorescence Fluctuation
Spectroscopy
This new volume of "Methods in Enzymology" continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This volume covers fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy and includes chapters on such topics as Forster resonance energy transfer (fret) with fluctuation algorithms, protein corona on nanoparticles by FCS, and FFS approaches to the study of receptors in live cells. Continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field Covers fluorescence fluctuation spectroscopy Contains chapters on such topics as Forster resonance energy transfer (fret) with fluctuation algorithms, protein corona on nanoparticles by FCS, and FFS approaches to the study of receptors in live cells"
This book highlights the latest advances in bioMEMS for biosensing applications. It comprehensively reviews different detection methods, including colorimetric, fluorescence, luminescence, bioluminescence, chemiluminescence, biochemiluminescence, and electrochemiluminescence, and presents various bioMEMS for each, together with recent examples. The book also offers an overview of the history of BioMEMS and the design and manufacture of the first bioMEMS-based devices.
This issue of Clinics in Laboratory Medicine, Guest Edited by Nigel Clarke, MD, and Andrew Hoofnagle, MD, will focus on Mass Spectrometry, with topics including: Proteins; Peptides; Small Molecules: Toxicology; Small Molecules: Diagnostics; and Regulatory Considerations.
This practical guide to spectroscopy and inorganic materials meets the demand from academia and the science community for an introductory text that introduces the different optical spectroscopic techniques, used in many laboratories, for material characterisation. * Treats the most basic aspects to be introduced into the field of optical spectroscopy of inorganic materials, enabling a student to interpret simple optical (absorption, reflectivity, emission and scattering) spectra * Contains simple, illustrative examples and solved exercises * Covers the theory, instrumentation and applications of spectroscopy for the characterisation of inorganic materials, including lasers, phosphors and optical materials such as photonics This is an ideal beginner's guide for students with some previous knowledge in quantum mechanics and optics, as well as a reference source for professionals or researchers in materials science, especially the growing field of optical materials.
Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy, Volume 107, the latest release in a series that has established itself as a premier resource for both specialists and non-specialists interested in new techniques and applications pertaining to NMR spectroscopy, includes a variety of updated chapters covering NMR Diffusion Studies, Recent Advances in Understanding of Nucleus Contributions to NMR Nuclear Shieldings, and more.
With the ever increasing number of samples to be assayed in
agronomical laboratories and servicing stations, fertilizer and
food industries, sugar factories, water treatment plants,
biomedical laboratories, drug quality control, and environmental
research, the interest for automated chemical analysis has been
increasing. In this context, flow analysis is very attractive, as
they the flow-based procedures are characterized by enhanced
analytical figures of merit. Moreover, the flow analysers do not
usually require sophisticated and expensive instrumentation, are
amenable to full automation and to miniaturization, and are well
suited for in situ analyses. The tendency to carry out traditional
methods of analysis in the flow analyser has becoming more
pronounced, especially in relation to large-scale routine analyses.
The technology of solution handling has become more and more
improved, leading to enhanced strategies for chemical assays.
Consequently, different modalities of flow analysis (e.g. SFA, FIA,
SIA) have been conceived, developed and applied to solve real
problems. Most of the flow-based analytical procedures presently in
use, however, do not exploit the full potential of flow analysis.
The main object of the book is then to provide a scientific basis
and to familiarise a wide community of researchers, students,
technicians, etc with the uses of flow analysis. Emphasis is given
to spectrophotometric and luminometric detection, in relation to
agronomical, geological, industrial, pharmaceutical and
environmental applications. The book includes historical and
theoretical aspects, recent achievements in instrumentation,
guidelines for methodology implementation, and applications. It
serves also as an applications-oriented text book.
Designed to sit alongside more conventional established condensed matter physics textbooks, this compact volume offers a concise presentation of the principles of solid state theory, ideal for advanced students and researchers requiring an overview or a quick refresher on a specific topic. The book starts from the one-electron theory of solid state physics, moving through electron-electron interaction and many-body approximation schemes, to lattice oscillations and their interactions with electrons. Subsequent chapters discuss transport theory and optical properties, phase transitions and some properties of low-dimensional semiconductors. This extensively expanded second edition includes new material on adiabatic perturbation theory, kinetic coefficients, the Nyquist theorem, Bose condensation, and the field-theoretical approach to non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics. Throughout the text, mathematical proofs are often only sketched, and the final chapter of the book reviews some of the key concepts and formulae used in theoretical physics. Aimed primarily at graduate and advanced undergraduate students taking courses on condensed matter theory, the book serves as a study guide to reinforce concepts learned through conventional solid state texts. Researchers and lecturers will also find it a useful resource as a concise set of notes on fundamental topics.
Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy, Volume 106 highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors.
This text offers an open-learning approach to Raman spectroscopy providing detail on instrumentation, applications and discussions questions throughout the book. It provides a valuable guide to assist with teaching Raman spectroscopy which is gaining attention in (analytical) chemistry, and as a consequence, teaching programs have followed. Today, education in Raman spectroscopy is often limited to theoretical aspects (e.g. selection rules), but practical aspects are usually disregarded. With these course notes, the author hopes to fill this gap and include information about Raman instrumentation and how it is interpreted. * Provides a user-friendly text that tackles the theoretical background, and offers everyday tips for common practice * Raman instrumentation and practical aspects, which are sometimes overlooked, are covered * Appropriate for students, and includes summaries, text boxes, illustrating the ideas with examples from research literature or providing background information or links with other courses * Written with an open-learning approach, this book will be ideal for use as a self-study guide or as the basis of a taught course with discussion and self-assessment questions throughout the text * Includes a comprehensive bibliography to guide the reader to more specialized texts and sources.
X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, one of the most powerful and flexible techniques available for the analysis and characterization of materials today, has gone through major changes during the past decade. Fully revised and expanded by 30%, X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, Second Edition incorporates the latest industrial and scientific trends in all areas. It updates all previous material and adds new chapters on such topics as the history of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, the design of X-ray spectrometers, state-of-the-art applications, and X-ray spectra. Ron Jenkins draws on his extensive experience in training and consulting industry professionals for this clear and concise treatment, covering first the basic aspects of X rays, then the methodology of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and available instrumentation. He offers a comparison between wavelength and energy dispersive spectrometers as well as step-by-step guidelines to X-ray spectrometric techniques for qualitative and quantitative analysis—from specimen preparation to real-world industrial application. Favored by the American Chemical Society and the International Centre for Diffraction Data, X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, Second Edition is an ideal introduction for newcomers to the field and an invaluable reference for experienced spectroscopists—in chemical analysis, geology, metallurgy, and materials science. An up-to-date review of X-ray spectroscopic techniques. This proven guidebook for industry professionals is thoroughly updated and expanded to reflect advances in X-ray analysis over the last decade. X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry, Second Edition includes:
How to design, execute, and interpret experiments for protein sequencing using mass spectrometry The rapid expansion of searchable protein and DNA databases in recent years has triggered an explosive growth in the application of mass spectrometry to protein sequencing. This timely and authoritative book provides professionals and scientists in biotechnology research with complete coverage of procedures for analyzing protein sequences by mass spectrometry, including step-by-step guidelines for sample preparation, analysis, and data interpretation. Michael Kinter and Nicholas Sherman present their own high-quality, laboratory-tested protocols for the analysis of a wide variety of samples, demonstrating how to carry out specific experiments and obtain fast, reliable results with a 99% success rate. Readers will get sufficient experimental detail to apply in their own laboratories, learn about the proper selection and operation of instruments, and gain essential insight into the fundamental principles of mass spectrometry and protein sequencing. Coverage includes:
And much more
UV-Visible Spectrophotometry of Waters and Soils, Third Edition presents the latest information on the use of UV spectrophotometry for environmental quality monitoring. Using practical examples, the book illustrates how this technique can be a source of new methods of characterization and measurement. Easy and fast to run, this simple and robust analytical technique is one of the best ways to obtain a quantitative estimation of specific or aggregate parameters (e.g., Nitrate, TOC) and simultaneously qualitative information on the global composition of waters and soils. This third edition presents current methods and applications for water quality monitoring, including recent works and developments. Writing from years of experience in the development and applications of UV systems and from scientific and technical works, the book's authors provide several useful examples that show the great interest of UV spectrophotometry for water and soil monitoring. At the end of the book, the UV spectra library of previous editions is updated with new chemicals of interest.
Fluorescence spectroscopy is a type of electromagnetic
spectroscopy, using a beam of light, which analyzes fluorescence
from a sample. Given its extremely high sensitivity and
selectivity, it is an important investigational tool in many areas
including material sciences, analytical sciences, and across a
broad range of chemical, biochemical and medical research. It has
become an essential investigational technique allowing detailed,
real-time observation of the structure and dynamics of intact
biological systems. The pharmaceutical industry uses it heavily and
it has become a dominating technique in biochemistry and molecular
genetics.
Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy, Volume 104 has established itself as a premier resource for both specialists and non-specialists who are looking to become familiar with new techniques and applications pertaining to NMR spectroscopy.
Much of what we know about atoms, molecules, and the nature of
matter has been obtained using spectroscopy over the last one
hundred years or so. In this book we have collected together twenty
chapters by eminent scientists from around the world to describe
their work at the cutting edge of molecular spectroscopy. These
chapters describe new methodology and applications, instrumental
developments, and theory which is taking spectroscopy into new
frontiers. The range of topics is broad. Lasers are utilized in
much of the research, but their applications range from
sub-femtosecond spectroscopy to the study of viruses and also to
the investigation of art and archeological artifacts. Three
chapters discuss work on biological systems and three others
represent laser physics. The recent advances in cavity ringdown
spectroscopy (CRDS), surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS),
two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS), and microwave
techniques are all covered. Chapters on electronic excited states,
molecular dynamics, symmetry applications, and neutron scattering
are also included and demonstrate the wide utility of spectroscopic
techniques.
This book is designed to be a central text for young graduate
students interested in mass spectrometry as it relates to study of
protein structure and function as well as proteomics.
The detection of hidden explosives has become an issue of utmost
importance in recent years. While terrorism is not new to the
international community, recent terrorist attacks have raised the
issue of detection of explosives and have generated a great demand
for rapid, sensitive and reliable methods for detecting hidden
explosives. Counterterrorist Detection Techniques of Explosives
covers recent advances in this area of research including vapor and
trace detection techniques (chemiluminescence, mass spectrometry,
ion mobility spectrometry, electrochemical methods and
micromechanical sensors, such as microcantilevers) and bulk
detection techniques (neutron techniques, nuclear quadrupole
resonance, x-ray diffraction imaging, millimeter-wave imaging,
terahertz imaging and laser techniques). This book will be of
interest to any scientists involved in the design and application
of security screening technologies including new sensors and
detecting devices which will prevent the smuggling of bombs and
explosives.
This book highlights the symmetry properties of acoustic fields and describes the gauge invariance approach, which can be used to reveal those properties. Symmetry is the key theoretical framework of metamaterials, as has been demonstrated by the successful fabrication of acoustical metamaterials. The book first provides the necessary theoretical background, which includes the covariant derivative, the vector potential, and invariance in coordinate transformation. This is followed by descriptions of global gauge invariance (isotropy), and of local gauge invariance (anisotropy). Sections on time reversal symmetry, reflection invariance, and invariance of finite amplitude waves round out the coverage.
Recent advances in both experimental techniques and theoretical methodologies have meant that increasingly sophisticated studies concerning the formation, structures, energetics and reaction dynamics of state- or energy-selected molecular ions can now be performed. In order to better serve the ion chemistry and physics community, each volume of this series is dedicated to reviewing a specific topic, emphasizing new experimental and theoretical developments in the study of ions. The Wiley Series in Ion Chemistry and Physics will help stimulate new research directions and point to future opportunities in the field of ion chemistry and physics. This volume, the sixth in the series, concentrates on the area of large ions. The production, detection and analysis of large ions are areas which have taken on great importance in recent years, in particular in the biomedical and biochemical fields. The understanding of large ions presents unique and formidable challenges which are very different from those associated with the study of small ions. This volume focuses on some of the fundamental chemistry and physics associated with the behavior of large ions, with the contributors addressing the issues in a quantitative fashion, in order to elucidate clearly some of the key recent advances which have taken place. As such, Large Ions: Their Vaporization, Detection and Structural Analysis provides an excellent snapshot of current research in this fascinating and important area. The six chapters are written by some of the leading experts in the field, and together they will be of great interest to experts and newcomers, both of whom will benefit from the in-depth discussion of the latest methods and results.
Recent advances in both experimental techniques and theoretical methodologies have meant that increasingly sophisticated studies concerning the formation, structures, energetics, and reaction dynamics of state- or energy-selected molecular ions can now be performed. In order to better serve the ion chemistry and physics community, each volume of this series will be dedicated to reviewing a specific topic, emphasizing new experimental and theoretical developments in the study of ions. The Wiley Series in Ion Chemistry and Physics will help stimulate new research directions and point to future opportunities in the field of ion chemistry and physics. This fourth volume is devoted to developments associated with the high resolution study of molecular photoionization, presented from both experimental and theoretical viewpoints. This field has been revolutionized in recent years through the rapid development of zero kinetic energy (ZEKE) photoelectron spectroscopy, which is featured prominently within this volume. These advances have expanded the researcher' s ability to probe not just structural features, but also the detailed dynamics of a system, resulting in the interest and applicability of the technique being broadened to areas of chemical physics extending beyond the traditional study of photoionization per se. Each of the twelve chapters making up this volume is written by leading researchers in their respective fields. |
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