Arranged in three parts, this bibliography and guide to British directories in its second edition explains their evolution, describes the different types of directories and their content, and offers a new chapter on the use of directory material in historical studies. Over 2200 directory titles are listed, with indexes by publisher, place and subject. This updated edition also provides a guide to the 120 library collections of directories.

This book examines the digitalization of longstanding problems of technological advance that produce inequalities and automated governance, which relieves subjects of agency and critical thought, and prompts a need to weaponize thoughtfulness against technocratic designs. The book situates digital-era problems relative to those of previous sociotechnical milieux and argues that technical advance perennially embeds corrosive effects on social relations and relations of production, recognizing variation across contexts and relative to entrenched societal hierarchies of race and other axes of difference and their intersections. Societal tolerance, despite abundant evidence for harmful effects of digital technologies, requires attention. The book explains blindness to social injustice by technocratic thinking delivered through education as well as truths embraced in the data sciences coupled with governance in universities and the private sector that protect these truths from critique. Institutional inertia suggests benefits of communitarianism, which strives for change emanating from civil society. Scaling postcapitalist communitarian values through communitybased peer production presents opportunities. However, enduring problems require critical reflection, continual revision of strategies, and active participation among diverse community citizens. This book is written with critical geographic sensibilities for an interdisciplinary audience of scholars and graduate and undergraduate students in the social sciences, humanities, and data sciences.

Refiguring the Archive at once expresses cutting-edge debates on the archive' in South Africa and internationally, and pushes the boundaries of those debates. It brings together prominent thinkers from a range of disciplines, mainly South Africans but a number from other countries. Traditionally archives have been seen as preserving memory and as holding the past. The contributors to this book question this orthodoxy, unfolding the ways in which archives construct, sanctify, and bury pasts. In his contribution, Jacques Derrida (an instantly recognisable name in intellectual discourse worldwide) shows how remembering can never be separated from forgetting, and argues that the archive is about the future rather than the past. Collectively the contributors demonstrate the degree to which thinking about archives is embracing new realities and new possibilities. The book expresses a confidence in claiming for archival discourse previously unentered terrains. It serves as an early manual for a time that has already begun.

Metadata best practices and guidelines function as an essential mechanism for metadata planning, application and management, and interoperability. There has been a rapidly growing body of digital repositories and collections; accordingly, a wide range of digital projects and initiatives have adopted various metadata standards. Because of differences in the formats and knowledge domains of the resources, it is inevitable that these digital projects and initiatives may have different needs regarding metadata. Therefore, when a metadata standard is adopted in various institutions and organizations, it may have to be modified to reflect the community needs and characteristics of given resources. The flexibility and complex structure of natural language allow for the representation of a concept in various ways. Thus, common understanding and definitions of terms in a given metadata standard is essential for quality metadata generation, management, interoperability and resource sharing. This opens up a pressing need for a systematic examination of documentation practices, an area that up to now has been relatively unexplored. This book begins to fill the research gap through an empirical assessment of metadata guidelines and best practices. This is a book published as a special issue of the Journal of Library Metadata.

Mobile devices are the 'it' technology, and everyone wants to know how to apply them to their environments. This book brings together the best examples and insights for implementing mobile technology in libraries. Chapters cover a wide variety of the most important tools and procedures from developing applications to marketing and augmented reality. Readers of this volume will get complete and timely knowledge of library applications for handheld devices. The Handheld Librarian conferences have been a centrepiece of learning about how to apply mobile technologies to library services and collections as well as a forum for sharing examples and lessons learned. The conferences have brought our profession forward into the trend and kept us up to date with ongoing advances. This volume brings together the best from that rich story and presents librarians with the basic information they need to successfully make the case for and implement programs leveraging mobile devices in their libraries. Authors of the diverse practical and well researched pieces originate in all types of libraries and segments of the profession. This wide representation ensures that front line librarians, library administrators, systems staff, even library professors will find this volume perfectly geared for their needs. This book was published as a special issue of The Reference Librarian.

This book contains the proceedings of a special IFLA conference held in Berlin in August 2003. The situation of newspaper collections was reviewed in a part of the world that has undergone a complete change in its political and economical circumstances during the 1990's. The papers focus on a wide array of issues related to newspaper librarianship. They are grouped into the following categories: acquisition policies, copyright issues for newspaper collection management, digitization and electronic newspapers, new technologies of paper conservation, storage and text management. There are a total of approximately 35 short articles: a mixture of both English and German texts. All the German papers have been provided with English abstracts.

The changing landscape of business information has created opportunities for business librarians to move beyond being reactive to business information needs to become proactive participants in business development and entrepreneurship instruction. Libraries are no longer only repositories of books but information rich sources of business and economic data. The case studies presented within this book highlight a variety of examples on entrepreneurship education and local economic development. The examples presented serve as a catalyst for further entrepreneurial endeavours and highlight the growing need for effective value-added support in finding business information. Business librarians play a critical role in promoting the effective use of business information and in providing significant value-added services within university and community settings.

This book was published as a special double issue of the Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship.

It has long been apparent to academic library administrators that the current technical services operations within libraries need to be redirected and refocused in terms of both format priorities and human resources. A number of developments and directions have made this reorganization imperative, many of which have been accelerated by the current economic crisis. All of the chapters detail some aspect of technical services reorganization due to downsizing and/or reallocation of human resources, retooling professional and support staff in higher level duties and/or non-MARC metadata, "value-added" metadata opportunities, outsourcing redundant activities, and shifting resources from analog to digital object organization and description. This book will assist both catalogers and library administrators with concrete examples of moving technical services operations and personnel from the analog to the digital environment. This book was published as a special double issue of Cataloging & Classification Quarterly.

Written by some of the most experienced practitioners and managers in the field of cataloging, this collection examines cooperative cataloging activities in its many forms. Containing both case studies and research studies, as well as opinion pieces, it explores the benefits and cost-effectiveness of cooperative cataloging programs such as the OCLC Enhance program, and Program for Cooperative Cataloging programs such as BIBCO, CONSER, NACO, and SACO. It also provides an introduction to less well-known cooperative efforts such as the Library of Congress National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections (NUCMC) and the ISSN Register. Cooperative cataloging efforts offer creative opportunities for managers and administrators as they attempt to provide effective intellectual access to the rapidly increasing number of publications acquired by our libraries. This book will help such professionals to evaluate the effectiveness of cooperative efforts and apply them in their own unique circumstances.

This book was published as a special issue in Cataloging & Classification Quarterly.

The importance of technology transfer for the competitive advantage of companies and the economic success of nations cannot be overstated. Technology is a determining element for firms and nations to increase productivity, to compete, and to prosper. In The Competitive Advantage of Regions and Nations, the authors stress that companies, investment promotion agencies, and government bodies cannot simply sit and wait until new technologies arrive in their domain. Rather, they need to manage the identification, assessment, attraction, absorption and application of new technologies. In this comprehensive book, Boris Ricken and George Malcotsis explain how technology transfer in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) projects can be systematically managed. Using some 40 case studies as illustration, they give step-by-step guidance for managers. The explanation of theory in this book, together with the frameworks and cases delivering solutions to the various challenges of technology transfer will be highly appreciated by managers of companies, investment promotion agencies, and government bodies alike. It also offers students confronted with the topic an understandable study guide.

What competences are needed for heritage librarians, and how can they be taught? The management of heritage collections requires a unique mix of knowledge and skills, including expertise in preservation and conservation; heritage policies; acquisitions and collection management; bibliographic description; the materiality of books and other collection objects; and the history of libraries. Librarians must also understand the need for open access, the importance of marketing, and the challenges posed by digitization.

Enhance your historical fiction collection - and its popularity with readers and value in the classroom - with this wide-ranging guide. After discussion of various aspects of the genre (its importance, history, criteria for evaluation, and methods of presentation), the author takes an in-depth look at 80 of the best historical fiction novels published for this age group in the last 10 to 15 years. For each title there is a brief introduction discussing setting, historical background, and point of view; a list of characters; a detailed plot summary; and ways to introduce the book to students, including important passages for reading or retelling. This versatile tool, written by a recognized expert in children's literature, can be used for readers' advisory, curricular support, title selection, and collection development. Grades 4-8.

A step-by-step guide written specifically to introduce school library media specialists to the Internet, addressing their distinct needs and the unique relationships that exist between media specialists, their students, and classroom colleagues. Steps for incorporating the Internet into the media center program, online resource identification, and descriptions of successful learning activities will have immediate application in any media center. Intended for media specialists with little or no Internet experience, it explains clearly how to incorporate the Internet into the media center, cites exemplary World Wide Web sites for media specialists, and covers the following topics: how to connect to the Internet; Internet tools and how to use them; the best ways to browse the World Wide Web and retrieve useful information; the basics of home page development; listservs and USENET newsgroups for the school library media specialist; how to develop and evaluate Internet-based instructional activities--with illustrations of actual Internet use, and strategies for promoting responsible student use of the Internet. Helpful appendices include a guide for evaluating World Wide Web resources, a sample Internet acceptable use policy, a selective subject list of World Wide Web resources, a glossary of terms, and a bibliography of recommended titles. MacDonald explains clearly and with Web screen illustrations how to accomplish each step of Internet connection and use. He describes and evaluates hardware and service provider issues, Internet search tools and browsers, and cites exemplary World Wide Web sites for school library media specialists. All terms--such as Telnet, FTP, Gopher, WAIS, Netscape, HTML, and Java--are clearly explained and their uses evaluated in terms of the school library media center. This guide cuts through the confusion of the Internet and provides a clear path to transforming traditional media center services through use of the Internet and to developing enhanced media center and classroom programs in collaboration with teachers.

Hybrid Intelligent Systems for Information Retrieval covers three areas along with the introduction to Intelligent IR, i.e., Optimal Information Retrieval Using Evolutionary Approaches, Semantic Search for Web Information Retrieval, and Natural Language Processing for Information Retrieval. * Talks about the design, implementation, and performance issues of the hybrid intelligent information retrieval system in one book * Gives a clear insight into challenges and issues in designing a hybrid information retrieval system * Includes case studies on structured and unstructured data for hybrid intelligent information retrieval * Provides research directions for the design and development of intelligent search engines This book is aimed primarily at graduates and researchers in the information retrieval domain.

Due to the lack of a uniform schema for Web documents and the sheer amount and dynamics of Web data, both the effectiveness and the efficiency of information management and retrieval of Web data is often unsatisfactory when using conventional data management techniques.

Web community, defined as a set of Web-based documents with its own logical structure, is a flexible and efficient approach to support information retrieval and to implement various applications. Zhang and his co-authors explain how to construct and analyse Web communities based on information like Web document contents, hyperlinks, or user access logs. Their approaches combine results from Web search algorithms, Web clustering methods, and Web usage mining. They also detail the necessary preliminaries needed to understand the algorithms presented, and they discuss several successful existing applications.

Researchers and students in information retrieval and Web search find in this all the necessary basics and methods to create and understand Web communities. Professionals developing Web applications will additionally benefit from the samples presented for their own designs and implementations.

For over a decade, some academic libraries have been purchasing, rather than borrowing, recently published books requested by their patrons through interlibrary loan. These books had one circulation guaranteed and so appealed to librarians who were concerned about the large percentage of books selected and purchased by librarians but never checked out by their patrons. Early assessments of the projects indicated that patrons selected quality books that in many cases were cross disciplinary and covered emerging areas of scholarly interest. However, now we have a significant database of the ILL purchase records to compare these titles with books selected through normal methods. The projects described in this book present a powerful argument for involving patrons in the book selection process.

This book looks at patron-driven acquisitions for printed books at Purdue University, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and the University of Illinois, as well as exploring new programs that allow patrons to select e-books or participate in other innovative ways in building the library collections.

This book was published as a special issue of Collection Management.

Architectural realisation of a building and its opening to the public with a range of services are central components of the building and design process of libraries. Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) is the final step in this process. It provides a opportunity to assess whether the construction and design of the building has indeed met the library's and users' requirements and how effectively the building functions.

"Understanding Information "illustrates the basic principles of information science, to provide a general introduction to the subject, through a series of selected and interesting examples. It touches on a variety of issues, including Intranets and knowledge management. All those who are involved in the turbulent changes in the information field will find a picture of how information and its concepts operate in contemporary society.

By the time readers encounter academic history in the form of books and articles, all that tends to be left of an author's direct experience with archives is pages of endnotes. Whether intentionally or not, archives have until recently been largely thought of as discrete collections of documents, perhaps not neutral but rarely considered to be historical actors. This book brings together top media scholars to rethink the role of the archive and historical record from the perspective of writing media history. Exploring the concept of the archive forces a reconsideration of what counts as historical evidence. In this analysis the archive becomes a concept that allows the authors to think about the acts of classifying, collecting, storing, and interpreting the sources used in historical research. The essays included in this volume, from Susan Douglas, Lisa Gitelman, John Nerone, Jeremy Packer, Paddy Scannell, Lynn Spigel, and Jonathan Sterne, focus on both the theoretical and practical ways in which the archive has affected how media is thought about as an object for historical analysis. This book was published as a special issue of The Communication Review.

Twenty-eight contributed papers provide an overview of LIS research, offering recommendations and strategies for resolving issues related to this research and for improving the quality, quantity, and impact of research. Paper edition (unseen), $32.50. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, O

This book outlines the consequences of digitization for peer-reviewed research articles published in electronic journals. It has often been argued that digitization will revolutionize scientific communication. However, this study shows that this is not the case as far as scientific journals are concerned. Authors make little or no use of the possibilities offered by the digital medium, new procedures for electronic peer review have not replaced traditional peer review, and users do not seem to accept new forms of interaction offered by some electronic journals. The main innovations are to be found at the level of the infrastructures developed by publishers. Scientists themselves appear to be reluctant to change their established patterns of behaviour in formal scientific communication.

As part of an effort to formulate a list of principles underlying subject heading languages used in various subject access systems throughout the world, IFLA's Lisbon Satellite Meeting reviewed a broad spectrum of national systems and considered current issues in their development.

By examining programs developed in Brazil, Canada, Croatia, France, Germany, Poland, Portugal, Spain, the U.K., and the U.S., the papers help to identify which principles each system considers fundamental and implicit and which had to be stated explicitly in usage instructions or subject heading codes. More general topics such as "International Tendencies in Terminology and Indexing" were also addressed.

Public libraries have accepted the challenge of new electronic possibilities and developed a remarkable range of services. Today, by providing these services, public libraries have the greatest opportunity to contribute to bridging the 'digital gap'. These guidelines and standards have been developed for a variety of public libraries at different levels of development, in order to support librarians in building effective library services in all circumstances everywhere, to meet the requirements of the local users. Examples from all over the world of the range of services offered illustrate the text and provide insights into imaginative possible solutions to specific problems. Internet addresses lead to further information on a variety of initiatives.

Is the paperless society really possible? What is the future of paper in the Digital Age? Based on extensive statistics and six separate surveys, Paper to Digital explores the evolution and changing characteristics of documents in the Information Age. Resultant implications are studied through the examination of emerging issues in the digital environment. Examples include: BLtrends in transforming scholarly communications BLtrust in the preservation of digital information BLchanges in reading behavior in the digital environment BLperceptions of the credibility of scholarly information on the Web BLuser preferences for and use of print and electronic resources BLthe future of paper in the digital age. This timely book represents a useful and scholarly exploration of a major concern in our society.