The automotive industry requirements for vehicle weight reduction, weight containment, improved part functionality and passenger safety have resulted in the increased use of steel grades with a fully martensitic microstructure. These steel grades are essential to improve the anti-intrusion resistance of automotive body parts and the related passenger safety during car collisions. Standard advanced high strength steel (AHSS) grades are notoriously difficult to be formed by cold stamping; they are characterized by elastic springback, poor stretch flangeability and low hole expansion ratios. Hot stamping has therefore received much attention recently as an alternative technology to produce AHSS automotive parts.In this book, selected articles from the Fourth International Conference on Advanced High Strength Steel and Press Hardening held on August 20-22th, 2018 in Hefei, China, are compiled. It focuses on AHSS for the development of press hardening of high performance sheet metal for lightweight vehicle, advanced digital manufacturing technology, as well as the physical metallurgy principles of the hot stamping process.Aiming at the process design and industrial application for hot stamping of press hardened steel and high strength aluminium alloy sheet, the effect of temperature and strain rate on the formability and mechanical properties of the products is discussed. In addition, more practical cases are provided concerning accurate modelling and multi-physics coupling simulation of the hot stamping process. Furthermore, the influence of tool design on forming process, more precise process control strategies to increase production efficiency, and the improvement of hot stamping equipment by advanced design methods will also be presented.

Metal fatigue is an essential consideration for engineers and researchers looking at factors that cause metals to fail through stress, corrosion, or other processes. Predicting the influence of small defects and non-metallic inclusions on fatigue with any degree of accuracy is a particularly complex part of this. Metal Fatigue: Effects of Small Defects and Nonmetallic Inclusions is the most trusted, detailed and comprehensive guide to this subject available. This expanded second edition introduces highly important emerging topics on metal fatigue, pointing the way for further research and innovation. The methodology is based on important and reliable results and may be usefully applied to other fatigue problems not directly treated in this book.

Semisolid metallurgy (SSM) is now some 37-years-old in terms of time from its conception and ?rst reduction to practice in the laboratory. In the intervening years, there has been a steadily growing body of research on the subject and the beginning of signi?cant industrial applications. The overall ?eld of SSM comprises today a large number of speci?c process routes, almost all of which fall in the category of either "Rheocasting" or Thi- casting." The former begins with liquid metal and involves agitation during partial solidi?cation followed by forming. The latter begins with solid metal of suitable structure and involves heating to the desired fraction solid and forming. Research over the past 37 years, and particularly over the last decade, has provided a detailed picture of process fundamentals and led to a wide range of speci?c SSM processes and process innovations. Industrial studies and actual p- duction experience are providing a growing picture of the process advantages and limitations. At this time, the conditions for eventual wide adoption of SSM appear favorable, both for nonferrous and ferrous alloys. It must, however, be recognized that major innovations, such as SSM become adopted only slowly by industries where capital costsarehigh,pro?tmarginsaremodest,andfailuretomeetcustomercommitments carries a high penalty.

High-Entropy Alloys, Second Edition provides a complete review of the current state of the field of high entropy alloys (HEA). Building upon the first edition, this fully updated release includes new theoretical understandings of these materials, highlighting recent developments on modeling and new classes of HEAs, such as Eutectic HEAs and Dual phase HEAs. Due to their unique properties, high entropy alloys have attracted considerable attention from both academics and technologists. This book presents the fundamental knowledge, the spectrum of various alloy systems and their characteristics, key focus areas, and the future scope of the field in terms of research and technological applications.

These Proceedings represent the metallurgical engineering and materials science research presented at the 61st Annual Conference of Metallurgists. The collection themed 'The Pathway to Net-Zero' presents findings on a wide range of topics including: Processing of Critical Metals Towards Sustainable Circularity: Mining to Materials Deep Decarbonization Pathways for Pyrometallurgical Processes: Opportunities & Challenges Energy and Environmental Materials Light Metals for the Transportation Industry Advances in Materials Manufacturing - Existing and Emerging Materials Electrochemical Degradation of Multi-component Materials

Handbook of Non-Ferrous Metal Powders: Technologies and Applications, Second Edition, provides information on the manufacture and use of powders of non-ferrous metals that has taken place for many years in the area previously known as Soviet Russia. It presents the huge amount of knowledge and experience that has built up over the last fifty years. Originally published in Russia by several prominent scientists, researchers and engineers, this presents an update to the first book that includes sections on classification, properties, treatment methods and production. This updated edition contains new content on the powders, along with newer methods of 3D printing.

Bonding Theory for Metals and Alloys, 2e builds on the success of the first edition by introducing new experimental data to each chapter that support the breakthrough "Covalon" Conduction Theory developed by Dr. Wang. Through the recognition of the covalent bond in coexistence with the 'free' electron band, the book describes and demonstrates how the many experimental observations on metals and alloys can all be reconciled. Subsequently, it shows how the individual view of metals and alloys by physicists, chemists and metallurgists can be unified. This book covers such phenomena as the Miscibility Gap between two liquid metals, phase equilibrium, superconductivity, superplasticity, liquid metal embrittlement, and corrosion. The author also introduces a new theory based on 'Covalon' conduction, which forms the basis for a new approach to the theory of superconductivity. Bonding Theory for Metals and Alloys, 2e is of interest to physical and theoretical chemists alongside engineers working in research and industry, as well as materials scientists, physicists, and students at the upper undergraduate and graduate level in these fields.

Offering a sound technological overview, while also including the fundamental aspects, this book provides the knowledge needed to master the highly challenging process characteristics for successful application in industrial production. It summarizes the first-hand experience gained from twelve years of collaborative research covering materials science, rheology, casting and forming, control and surface technology as well as the modeling of flow behavior, tool engineering and systems engineering, and thus treats all the vital aspects of this field.
For materials scientists, physicists, engineers, and those working in the metal processing industry.

Discusses all aspects from starting powder, spraying parameters, diagnostics, and coating deposition Explores schematics to highlight the conceptual notes Includes multiple case studies from aerospace, biomedical, manufacturing, wettability, etc. domains to highlight practical application of the thermally sprayed coatings Covers classification of thermal spray techniques Contains solved example, numerical problems and descriptive questions for self-assessment.

The book covers experiments and theory in the fields of ferroelectrics, ferromagnets, ferroelastics, and multiferroics. Topics include experimental preparation and characterization of magnetoelectric multiferroics, the modeling of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials, the formation of ferroic microstructures and their continuum-mechanical modeling, computational homogenization, and the algorithmic treatment in the framework of numerical solution strategies.

Metal Oxides in Energy Technologies provides, for the first time, a look at the wide range of energy applications of metal oxides. Topics covered include metal oxides materials and their applications in batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells, supercapacitors, and much more. The book is written by an experienced author of over 240 papers in peer-reviewed journals who was also been recognized as one of Thomson Reuter's "World's Most Influential Scientific Minds" in 2015. This book presents a unique work that is ideal for academic researchers and engineers.

Nanocrystalline Titanium discusses the features of nanocrystalline titanium production by various SPD methods, also comparing their microstructure and properties. The authors characterize the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of ultrafine grained titanium, indicating which are crucial for their application. Titanium alloys are characterized by high specific strength combined with excellent corrosion resistance, whereas the mechanical properties of pure (or commercial purity - CP) titanium are much lower. SPD methods are proving to be an effective way to increase strength, even to a level typical for structural titanium alloys. This book is useful for academics and professionals studying the behavior of metallic materials.

Tailored Thin Coatings for Corrosion Inhibition Using a Molecular Approach discusses the fundamentals and applications of various thin coatings for the inhibition of fouling and corrosion from a molecular perspective. It provides the reader with a fundamental understanding of why certain coatings perform better than others in a given environment. Surface analytical and electrochemical techniques in understanding the coating performance are emphasized throughout the book, providing readers with a useful reference on how to pursue a systematic corrosion inhibitor R&D program that involves the testing of coating performance using various, currently available, state-of-the-art laboratory techniques. Wherever relevant, environmental considerations of the discussed coatings' technologies are highlighted and discussed, with current and upcoming regulatory trends put forth by different governmental organizations.

Over the last decade or so, additive manufacturing has revolutionized design and manufacturing methods by allowing more freedom in design and functionalities unattainable with conventional processes. This has generated extraordinarily high interest in both industrial and academic communities.Additive Manufacturing of Metal Alloys 1 puts forward a state of the art of additive manufacturing and its different processes, from metallic raw materials (in the form of powder or wire) to their properties after elaboration. It analyzes the physics and the modelling of existing AM processes as well as future elaboration processes. Using a balanced approach encapsulating basic notions and more advanced aspects for each theme, this book acts as a metal additive manufacturing textbook, as useful to professionals in the field as to the general public.

Covers heat transfer techniques in utilization of base fluids application of phase change materials (PCMs) Describes preparation and characterization of nanofluids and nano based PCMs Explains how nanoscience can be utilized in heat transfer studies Reviews conventional heat transfer fluids

CONTENTS - 1. INTRODUCTION - PART 1: THE PROCESS - 2. FUNDAMENTALS OF IMPACT EXTRUSION - 3. EXTRUSION PRESSURE - 4. TOOLING FOR IMPACT EXTRUSION - 5. MATERIALS FOR TOOLS - 6. LUBRICATION - 7. HIGH ENERGY RATE FORMING - PART 2: THE PRODUCT - 8. FACTORS IN DESIGN - 9. ALUMINUM AND ALUMINUM ALLOYS - 10. LEAD, TIN, COLLAPSIBLE TUBES - 11. OTHER NONFERROUS METALS - 12. FERROUS METALS - BIBLIOGRAPHY - INDEX - Excerpt from Book (short): Preface - The impact or cold extrusion of metals is a ""chipless machining"" process that can greatly reduce costs of material and labor if properly applied. Within certain limitations in shape, some parts can be produced by this process that often require only trimming to length. On others, the secondary operations are reduced greatly over those required for several of the competing processes. Finally, certain components can be made that can be produced by no other method. Impact extrusion can be employed for the production of parts from a wide range of metallic materials. In commercial production at present are components produced from aluminum, copper, lead, magnesium, tin, zinc and their alloys and various steels. In the development stage are parts produced from less common metals, such as titanium and molybdenum. The aim of this book is to present a coordinated description of impact extrusion. Its purpose is to present the information required by an engineer to determine whether the process is applicable to his products, and to assist the metallurgist in selecting the metal to be used. The book is based on personal experience, talks, and correspondence with producers of components, and a search of the free-world technical literature. It is divided into two parts. The first deals with the underlying principles and the characteristics of the process; the second, with the metals being extruded and the products.

Charge density analysis of materials provides a firm basis for the evaluation of the properties of materials. The design and engineering of a new combination of metals requires a firm knowledge of intermolecular features. Recent advances in technology and high-speed computation have made the crystal X-ray diffraction technique a unique tool for the determination of charge density distribution in molecular crystal. Methods have been developed to make experimental probes capable of unraveling the features of charge densities in the intra- and inter-molecular regions of crystal structures. In Metal and Alloy Bonding - An Experimental Analysis, the structural details of materials are elucidated with the X-ray diffraction technique. Analyses of the charge density and the local and average structure are given to reveal the structural properties of technologically important materials. Readers will gain a new understanding of the local and average structure of existing materials. The electron density, bonding, and charge transfer studies in Metal and Alloy Bonding - An Experimental Analysis contain useful information for researchers in the fields of physics, chemistry, materials science, and metallurgy. The properties described in these studies can contribute to the successful engineering of these technologically important materials.

Grain boundaries are important structural components of polycrystalline materials used in the vast majority of technical applications. Because grain boundaries form a continuous network throughout such materials, their properties may limit their practical use. One of the serious phenomena which evoke these limitations is the grain boundary segregation of impurities. It results in the loss of grain boundary cohesion and consequently, in brittle fracture of the materials. The current book deals with fundamentals of grain boundary segregation in metallic materials and its relationship to the grain boundary structure, classification and other materials properties.

This volume is greatly helpful to micro-machining and laser engineers as it offers obliging guidelines about the micro-channel fabrications through Nd:YAG laser beam micro-milling. The book also demonstrates how the laser beam micro-milling behaves when operating under wet conditions (under water), and explores what are the pros and cons of this hybrid technique. From the predictive mathematical models, the readers can easily estimate the resulting micro-channel size against the desired laser parametric combinations. The book considers micro-channels in three highly important research materials commonly used in aerospace industry: titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V, nickel alloy Inconel 718 and aluminum alloy AA 2024. Therefore, the book is highly practicable in the fields of micro-channel heat exchangers, micro-channel aerospace turbine blades, micro-channel heat pipes, micro-coolers and micro-channel pulsating heat plates. These are frequently used in various industries such as aerospace, automotive, biomedical and micro-electronics.

This book focus on the challenges faced by cutting materials with superior mechanical and chemical characteristics, such as hardened steels, titanium alloys, super alloys, ceramics and metal matrix composites. Aspects such as costs and appropriate machining strategy are mentioned. The authors present the characteristics of the materials difficult to cut and comment on appropriate cutting tools for their machining. This book also serves as a reference tool for manufacturers working in industry.

This collection focuses on the characterization of minerals, metals, and materials as well as the application of characterization results on the processing of these materials. Papers cover topics such as clays, ceramics, composites, ferrous metals, non-ferrous metals, minerals, electronic materials, magnetic materials, environmental materials, advanced materials, and soft materials. In addition, papers covering materials extraction, materials processing, corrosion, welding, solidification, and method development are included. This book provides a current snapshot of characterization in materials science and its role in validating, informing, and driving current theories in the field of materials science. This volume will serve the dual purpose of furnishing a broad introduction of the field to novices while simultaneously serving to keep subject matter experts up-to-date.

With contributions from experts from both academia and industry, this book provides up-to-date reviews and promising approaches for corrosion control of metals and alloys via sustainable biopolymers and carbon nanomaterials coatings, focusing on the wonder material "graphene" which is more solid than steel. This book delivers essential information for improving the environmental and economic viability of current coating technologies. It is also a valuable reference for those who are interested in corrosion science and corrosion protection including professionals from the industry as well as academia.

R. J. MOREAU, Professor MADYLAM, Inst. Nat. Poly technique de Grenoble, France The material on which the foundryman 1S focus1ng his attent10n 1S a molten metal, ferrous or not, coming from the melt1ng equipment, Wh1Ch is to be del1vered into a mould where it w1ll solidify. The foundryman 1S the last person 1n th1S process who still has the poss1b1l1 ty of acting to control the quality of the casting. Indeed, most of the respons1bil1ty 1n th1S quality bus1ness is vested 1n him. Bes1des, as anyone involved 1n metals processing, he 1S engaged 1n the ongoing effort to achieve the highest eff1c1ency and the best working condit10ns. To deal w1th th1S metal he needs to know f1rst its physical properties (temperature, composit1on, 1mpur1ties . . . ) and the way they influence 1tS behav10ur (llqU1dus, solidus, structure . . ). He also needs to know how this complex flu1d flows (head losses in gating parts, flow rates, levels in moulds . . . ) and 1S modif1ed by its enV1ronment (heat fluxes, temperature var1at10ns, solidification . . . ). Responding to th1S need requires an important and regularly updated knowledge as well as preC1se measurements and advanced control processes. One may therefore appreciate why the topic "MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL IN LIQUID METAL PROCESSING" was chosen by the CIATF for the 1986 workshop."