Der Autor erforscht Grunde fur das Entstehen sprachlicher Defekte in lokalisierten Oberflachen von Computerprogrammen. Dabei geht es nicht um Defizite in der Sprachkompetenz des UEbersetzers, sondern um erzwungene Normverstoesse, die dann entstehen, wenn der UEbersetzer die Kontrolle uber das Translat verliert. Der Fokus liegt deswegen auf dem technologischen und soziooekonomischen Kontext der Lokalisierungsleistung. Die Analyse zeigt, warum und wie die digitale Revolution das ubersetzerische Berufsbild verandern wird. Das Buch bietet neue UEberlegungen zur Zukunft des UEbersetzens und zur Ausbildung von UEbersetzern.

Bilingual contact whereby speakers use two languages in their daily lives is a very common phenomenon. Among such contacts, Romance-Germanic bilingualism is one of the most widespread. The chapters in this book investigate several phonetic and phonological issues that are in contrast between four Germanic languages (English, German, Danish and Swedish - more than 500 million speakers) and four Romance languages (Spanish, Portuguese, French and Italian - more than 700 million speakers). The chapters cover several well-established phonotactic, segmental and suprasegmental conflicting situations between Germanic and Romance languages: cross-language interaction among young bilinguals as well as adults; the representation and/or instantiation of phonological knowledge in the speech of L2 users; and the sociophonetics of certain segmental and suprasegmental issues in bilinguals.Based on substantial original (never published) empirical research, the volume represents the most current thinking on the topics covered, and thus provides essential reading for students, professionals and researchers in the fields of Bilingualism, Second Language Acquisition and Pedagogy, Psycholinguistics, Applied Phonetics and Phonology, Romance Linguistics and Germanic Linguistics.

Das Buch analysiert die aus heutiger Perspektive redundante Negation in den Nebensatzen negierender Ausdrucke wie abhalten, hindern, verbieten, in Abrede stellen. Diese Negation kam bis zum 19. Jahrhundert haufig vor, sie wurde danach aber als Mehrfachnegation zuruckgedrangt. Die Autorin uberpruft anhand einer Korpusanalyse die Hypothese, dass die Negation ein Aggregationsmerkmal ist, das die Nicht-Integriertheit des Nebensatzes signalisiert. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung untermauern diese Hypothese sowie bestimmte Beobachtungen der Grammatiker, wahrend sie andere Informationen der Fachliteratur in Frage stellen.

Das Hamburgische wird von einem Sprachkontakt zwischen Niederdeutsch und Hochdeutsch gepragt, der zu einer wechselseitigen strukturellen Beeinflussung beider Sprachen fuhrte. Die Beitrage zeigen das Spektrum regionalsprachlicher Forschungsansatze, von variationslinguistischen Studien bis hin zu Ansatzen der aktuellen Sprachbiographieforschung und der Betrachtung sprachlicher Variation als Komponente eines umfassenderen semiotischen Systems als Enregisterment. Durch einen solchen multiperspektivischen Ansatz lassen sich die variativen Auspragungen der Stadtsprache und die Mechanismen sprachlichen Wandels beschreiben. Struktur-, Wahrnehmungs- und Einstellungsdaten sowie biographische Daten sind miteinander ins Verhaltnis zu setzen, um Sprachwirklichkeit umfassend erschliessbar zu machen.

This book provides state-of-the-art coverage of research in laboratory phonology, an interdisciplinary research perspective which brings a wide range of experimental and analytic tools to bear on the central questions of how knowledge of spoken language is structured, learned, and used. The book presents works illustrating how laboratory phonology is practiced and highlights promising areas of current research.
Contributions address how laboratory phonology approaches and methodologies have provided insight into human speech and sound structure. Part one introduces the history, nature, and aims of laboratory phonology. The remaining four parts cover central issues in research done within this perspective, as well as methodological resources used for investigating these issues. This Handbook, the first specifically dedicated to the laboratory phonology approach, builds on the foundation of knowledge amassed in linguistics, speech research and allied disciplines. With the varied interdisciplinary contributions collected, the handbook showcases work in this vibrant field.

An accessible introduction to the phonetic analysis of speech corpora, this workbook-style text provides an extensive set of exercises to help readers develop the necessary skills to design and carry out experiments in speech research. * Offers the first step-by-step treatment of advanced techniques in experimental phonetics using speech corpora and downloadable software, including the R programming language * Introduces methods of analyzing phonetically-labelled speech corpora, with the goal of testing hypotheses that often arise in experimental phonetics and laboratory phonology * Incorporates an extensive set of exercises and answers to reinforce the techniques introduced * Accessibly written with easy-to-follow computer commands and spectrograms of speech * Companion website at www.wiley.com/go/harrington, which includes illustrations, video tutorials, appendices, and downloadable speech corpora for testing purposes. * Discusses techniques in digital speech processing and in structuring and querying annotations from speech corpora * Includes substantial coverage of analysis, including measuring gestural synchronization using EMA, the acoustics of vowels, consonant overlap using EPG, spectral analysis of fricatives and obstruents, and the probabilistic classification of acoustic speech data

Phonetics - the study and classification of speech sounds - is a major sub-discipline of linguistics. Bringing together a team of internationally renowned phoneticians, this handbook provides comprehensive coverage of the most recent, cutting-edge work in the field, and focuses on the most widely-debated contemporary issues. Chapters are divided into five thematic areas: segmental production, prosodic production, measuring speech, audition and perception, and applications of phonetics. Each chapter presents an historical overview of the area, along with critical issues, current research and advice on the best practice for teaching phonetics to undergraduates. It brings together global perspectives, and includes examples from a wide range of languages, allowing readers to extend their knowledge beyond English. By providing both state-of-the-art research information, and an appreciation of how it can be shared with students, this handbook is essential both for academic phoneticians, and anyone with an interest in this exciting, rapidly developing field.

Cet ouvrage presente une nouvelle approche originelle a la vielle question de la variation du ne de negation en francais moderne. Soigneusement etablie sur un corpus de langue parlee, l'auteur presente l'hypothese de la variation linguistique pluridimensionnelle: le clitique negatif ne est parfois realise, comme dans la phrase ma mere ne vient pas, mais tres souvent omis, surtout dans la communication informelle: je viens pas. Comme toute variable linguistique, le ne de negation est soumis a un ensemble d'influences potentielles. A l'aide d'une analyse multifactorielle, Charlotte Meisner montre que la variation pluridimensionnelle du ne de negation est determinee par un facteur-cle sous-jacent: la prosodie du francais moderne.

Neologismen erfullen in Science-Fiction-Texten eine genrekonstituierende Funktion und stellen den UEbersetzer vor eine besondere Herausforderung. Die Autorin untersucht die bei der UEbersetzung von Neologismen angewandten Verfahren sowie fur die UEbersetzung relevante Besonderheiten von Neologismen. Die statistische Auswertung einer Sammlung von uber 4700 Belegen liefert allgemeine Erkenntnisse uber das Vorgehen der UEbersetzer. Die Analyse von Einzelbeispielen wiederum zeigt weitere Aspekte der UEbersetzung von Neologismen auf. Somit ermoeglicht das Buch eine umfassende Darstellung dieses bislang wenig beachteten UEbersetzungsproblems.

This is a reissue in paperback of the second edition of Professor Allen's highly successful book on the pronunciation of Latin in Rome in the Golden Age. In the second edition the text of the first edition is reprinted virtually unchanged but is followed by a section of supplementary notes that deal with subsequent developments in the subject. The author also added an appendix on the names of the letters of the Latin alphabet and a select bibliography.

From the physiology and acoustics to their patterning across human languages, tone is one of the fundamental constructs in human languages that is also among the hardest to apprehend. Drawing upon a large number of languages around the world, this volume explores the concept of tone starting from its physical properties of articulation and acoustics to its manifestation in phonology. Designed as a comprehensive study accessible to the novice and useful for the expert, each chapter covers a particular aspect of tone in increasing depth and complexity, weaving together key concepts and theories that provide complementing or competing accounts of tone's phonological intricacies. In the process, one uncovers the underlying laws and principles that inform today's understanding of the subject to form a more synthesized view that also allows us to explore the relation of tone to other important areas of humanity such as literature, history, music and cognition.

We are fascinated by what words sound like. This fascination also drives us to search for meaning in sound - thereby contradicting the principle of the arbitrariness of the linguistic sign. Phonesthemes, onomatopoeia or rhyming compounds all share the property of carrying meaning by virtue of what they sound like, simply because language users establish an association between form and meaning. By drawing on a wide array of examples, ranging from conventionalized words and expressions to brand names and slogans, this book offers a comprehensive account of the role that sound symbolism and rhyme/alliteration plays in English, and by doing so, advocates a more relaxed view of the category 'morpheme' that is able to incorporate less regular word-formation processes.

A Grammar of Upper Tanana, Volume 1 provides a linguistically accurate written record of the endangered Upper Tanana language. Serving as a descriptive grammar of Upper Tanana, the book meticulously details a language that is currently fluently spoken by approximately fifty people in limited parts of Alaska's eastern interior and Canada's Yukon Territory. As part of the Dene (Athabascan) language group, Upper Tanana embodies elements of both the Alaskan and Canadian subgroups of Northern Dene. This is the first comprehensive grammatical description of any of the Alaskan Dene languages. With the goal of preserving a language no longer consistently taught to younger generations, Olga Lovick's foundational study is framed within the traditional form of linguistic theory that allows linguists and nonspecialists alike to study a vulnerable language that exists outside the dominant Indo-European mainstream. This text provides a substantive bulwark to protect a language acutely threatened by near-term extinction. In its expansive detailing of the Upper Tanana language, this volume is methodologically oriented toward structural linguistics through approaches focusing on phonology, lexical classes, and morphology. With attention to both detail and thoroughness, Lovick's comparative approach provides solid grounding for the future survival of the Upper Tanana language.

This book aims to provide an account of both what and how onomatopoeia communicate by applying ideas from the relevance theoretic framework of utterance interpretation. It focuses on two main aspects of the topic: the contribution that onomatopoeia make to communication and the nature of multimodal communication. This is applied in three domains (food discourse, visual culture in Asia and translation) in the final sections of the book. It will be of interest to scholars working in the fields of pragmatics, semantics, cognitive linguistics, stylistics, philosophy of language, literature, translation, and Asian studies.

This book presents a morphosyntactic account of vowel length in contemporary Czech. The present approach is strictly decompositional on both the phonological and the morphosyntactic side. It assumes prosodic affixes in contemporary Czech. The focus is on prosodic affixes which realize morphosyntactic parts of diminutives and hypocoristics.

Die Studie beschaftigt sich mit einem Spezialgebiet der Substantivvalenzforschung. Nach der Diskussion einiger Grundfragen der Substantivvalenz ermittelt die Autorin die reziproken Strukturen auf empirischer Grundlage. Es folgt eine ausfuhrliche Beschreibung der morphosyntaktischen und semantischen Merkmale der Elemente von reziproken Strukturen. Der Formtyp Reziproke und der Funktionstyp Wechselseitigkeit werden als zwei Seiten eines funktionalen Modells gedeutet. Abschliessend wird uberpruft, ob die bestimmten Merkmale ausreichen, die reziproken Strukturen von den anderen Syntagmen valenter Substantive abzugrenzen. Die Ergebnisse der durchgefuhrten Untersuchungen sind im Anhang detailliert dargestellt, so u.a. zahlreiche valente Substantive im Hinblick auf Reziprozitat.

Die linguistische Studie untersucht die Interaktion zwischen Agentivitat, Telizitat und Auxiliar- bzw. Verbpartikelwahl im Chinesischen (-le/-zhe) und Deutschen (sein/haben). Dafur fuhrte die Autorin fur das Chinesische eine Fragebogenstudie mit chinesischen Bewegungsverben durch, die semantisch hinsichtlich Agentivitat, Telizitat und -le/-zhe-Wahl flexibel sind. Die Akzeptabilitat der Satze im Fragebogen wurde auf einer Vier-Punkte-Skala bewertet. Fur das Deutsche wurde eine parallele Fragebogenstudie konzipiert und von einem Autorenkollektiv unter der Fuhrung von Tim Graf durchgefuhrt. Die Ergebnisse beider Experimente stutzen eine harmonische Korrelation zwischen Agentivitat und Telizitat fur die getesteten Bewegungsverben im Chinesischen und Deutschen.

Presenting a field-defining overview of one of the most appliable linguistic theories available today, this Handbook surveys the key issues in the study of systemic functional linguistics (SFL), covering an impressive range of theoretical perspectives. Written by some of the world's foremost SFL scholars, including M. A. K. Halliday, the founder of SFL theory, the handbook covers topics ranging from the theory behind the model, discourse analysis within SFL, applied SFL, to SFL in relation to other subfields of linguistics such as intonation, typology, clinical linguistics and education. Chapters include discussion on the possible future directions in which research might be conducted and issues that can be further investigated and resolved. Readers will be inspired to pursue the challenges raised within the volume, both theoretically and practically.

Kleine Texte sind meist multimodale Erscheinungsformen, die in vielerlei Hinsicht unsere Alltagserwartungen an das, was Texte sind und sein koennen, in Frage stellen. In unserem kommunikativen Alltag sind wir umzingelt von zahllosen Kommunikaten, denen wir uns kaum entziehen koennen. Trotz dieser Allgegenwart sind linguistische Untersuchungen zum Thema "Kleine Texte" immer noch rar gesat. Diese Kluft zwischen alltaglicher Relevanz und textlinguistischem (Des-)Interesse soll der vorliegende Band verringern. Die im Band versammelten Beitrage zeigen zum einen verschiedene Zugriffsmoeglichkeiten auf den Gegenstand Kleine Texte und seine begriffliche Eingrenzung. Das Spektrum der Beitrage reicht dabei zum anderen von theoretisch-begrifflichen uber empirische bis hin zu dezidiert angewandten Arbeiten.

Il volume offre uno studio retorico del linguaggio di Benito Mussolini, concentrandosi sull'elocutio e sull'actio. L'analisi si poggia su un ricco corpus di discorsi pronunciati durante tutta la carriera del Duce. Con gli strumenti dell'indagine retorica, l'autrice analizza le strutture sintattiche, semantiche, stilistiche e testuali. Affronta pure la questione delle tecniche di manipolazione dell'uditorio. Lo studio cerca di rispondere alla domanda se e in quale misura il modello mussoliniano di lingua abbia lasciato tracce nel linguaggio del ventennio fascista.

Written entirely in Spanish, Manual de fonetica y fonologia espanolas has a comprehensive scope that touches on all aspects of phonetics and phonology-including acoustic and auditory phonetics, phonotactics, and suprasegmentals, which most often remain untreated. The book provides students with a detailed and accurate yet accessible introduction to Spanish phonetics and phonology. It includes introductory chapters which place these disciplines within the general field of linguistics and which emphasize the role of sounds and their representation in human communication. Key features: Written by trained phoneticians and informed by the current science of phonetics. No prior knowledge of linguistics assumed, as a foundation is laid throughout for all linguistic terms and concepts. Each chapter contains a summary, a list of concepts and terminology, review questions, and pedagogically relevant pronunciation exercises keyed to the specific hints and suggestions provided in the chapters. Chapters dealing with the physical production of sounds contain sections with "Pedagogical Hints," "Practical Suggestions," and "Pronunciation Exercises" to link theory to the practical aspects of improving pronunciation. A wealth of graphic material to illustrate each concept clearly. Models of how to pronounce the sounds, sentences and exercises presented in the text, are available online at routledge.com/cw/clegg. Manual de fonetica y fonologia espanolas is a comprehensive introduction designed to be clear and accessible to advanced students of Spanish to help them understand how to improve their pronunciation. It will serve as an excellent book for graduate students as well as a valuable resource for teachers, linguists and language professionals.