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Books > Language & Literature > Language & linguistics > Semantics (meaning)
Changing practices and perceptions of parenthood and family life
have long been the subject of intense public, political and
academic attention. Recent years have seen growing interest in the
role digital media and technologies can play in these shifts, yet
this topic has been under-explored from a discourse analytical
perspective. In response, this book's investigation of everyday
parenting, family practices and digital media offers a new and
innovative exploration of the relationship between parenting,
family practices, and digitally mediated connection. This
investigation is based on extensive digital and interview data from
research with nine UK-based single and/or lesbian, gay or bisexual
parents who brought children into their lives in non-traditional
ways, for example through donor conception, surrogacy or adoption.
Through a novel approach that combines constructivist grounded
theory with mediated discourse analysis, this book examines
connected family lives and practices in a way that transcends the
limiting social, biological and legal structures that still
dominate concepts of family in contemporary society.
The concept of narrative has exerted a strong influence on a wide
range of fields, from the humanities such as literature (and art
and entertainment) to social studies, psychiatry, and psychology.
The framework that allows access to narratives across a wide range
of areas, from science to the humanities, has the potential to be
improved as a fusion of cognitive science and artificial
intelligence. Toward an Integrated Approach to Narrative
Generation: Emerging Research and Opportunities is a critical
scholarly book that focuses on the significance of narratives and
narrative generation in various aspects of human society. Featuring
an array of topics such as philosophy, narratology, and
advertising, this book is ideal for software developers,
academicians, philosophy professionals, researchers, and students
in the fields of cognitive studies, literary studies, and digital
content design and development.
The Discourse of Customer Service Tweets studies the discursive and
pragmatic features of customer service interactions, making use of
a corpus of over 1.5 million tweets from more than thirty different
companies. With Twitter being used as a professional service
channel by many transport operators, this book features an
empirical analysis of British and Irish train companies and
airlines that provide updates and travel assistance on the
platform, often on a 24/7 basis. From managing crises in the midst
of strike action to ensuring passengers feel comfortable on board,
Twitter allows transport operators to communicate with their
customers in real time. Analysing patterns of language use as well
as platform specific features for their communicative functions,
Ursula Lutzky enhances our understanding of customers' linguistic
expectations on Twitter and of what makes for successful or
unsuccessful interaction. Of interest to anyone researching
discourse analysis, business communication and social media, this
book's findings pave the way for practical applications in customer
service.
Although US history is marred by institutionalized racism and
sexism, postracial and postfeminist attitudes drive our polarized
politics. Violence against people of color, transgendered and gay
people, and women soar upon the backdrop of Donald Trump, Tea Party
affiliates, alt-right members like Richard Spencer, and right-wing
political commentators like Milo Yiannopoulos who defend their
racist and sexist commentary through legalistic claims of freedom
of speech. While more institutions recognize the volatility of
these white men's speech, few notice or have thoughtfully
considered the role of white nationalist, alt-right, and
conservative white women's messages that organizationally preserve
white supremacy. In Rebirthing a Nation: White Women, Identity
Politics, and the Internet, author Wendy K. Z. Anderson details how
white nationalist and alt-right women refine racist rhetoric and
web design as a means of protection and simultaneous instantiation
of white supremacy, which conservative political actors including
Sarah Palin, Donald Trump, Kellyanne Conway, Sarah Huckabee
Sanders, and Ivanka Trump have amplified through transnational
politics. By validating racial fears and political divisiveness
through coded white identity politics, postfeminist and motherhood
discourse functions as a colorblind, gilded cage. Rebirthing a
Nation reveals how white nationalist women utilize colorblind
racism within digital space, exposing how a postfeminist framework
becomes fodder for conservative white women's political speech to
preserve institutional white supremacy.
Religious language is all around us, embedded in advertising,
politics and news media. This book introduces readers to the field
of theolinguistics, the study of religious language. Investigating
the ways in which people talk to and about God, about the sacred
and about religion itself, it considers why people make certain
linguistic choices and what they accomplish. Introducing the key
methods required for examining religious language, Valerie Hobbs
acquaints readers with the most common and important theolinguistic
features and their functions. Using critical corpus-assisted
discourse analysis with a focus on archaic and other lexical
features, metaphor, agency and intertextuality, she examines
religious language in context. Highlighting its use in both
expected locations, such as modern-day prayer and politics, and
unexpected locations including advertising, sport, healthcare and
news media, Hobbs analyses the shifting and porous linguistic
boundaries between the religious and the secular. With discussion
questions and further readings for each chapter, as well as a
companion website featuring suggested answers to the reflection
tasks, this is the ideal introduction to the study of religious
language.
Habakkuk is unique amongst the prophetic corpus for its interchange
between YHWH and the prophet. Many open research questions exist
regarding the identities of the antagonists throughout and the
relationships amongst the different sections of the book. In A
Discourse Analysis of Habakkuk, David J. Fuller develops a model
for discourse analysis of Biblical Hebrew within the framework of
Systemic Functional Linguistics. The analytical procedure is
carried out on each pericope of the book separately, and then the
respective results are compared in order to determine how the
successive speeches function as responses to each other, and to
better understand changes in the perspectives of the various
speakers throughout.
In Enthymemes and Topoi in Dialogue, Ellen Breitholtz presents a
novel and precise account of reasoning from an interactional
perspective. The account draws on the concepts of enthymemes and
topoi, originating in Aristotelian rhetoric and dialectic, and
integrates these in a formal dialogue semantic account using TTR, a
type theory with records. Argumentation analysis and formal
approaches to reasoning often focus the logical validity of
arguments on inferences made in discourse from a god's-eye
perspective. In contrast, Breitholtz's account emphasises the
individual perspectives of interlocutors and the function and
acceptability of their reasoning in context. This provides an
analysis of interactions where interlocutors have access to
different topoi and therefore make different inferences.
The concept of meaning, since Frege initiated the linguistic turn
in 1884, has been the subject of numerous theories, hypotheses,
methodologies and distinctions. One distinction of considerable
strategic value relates to the location of meaning: some aspects of
meaning can be found in language and are modelled with semantic
values of various kinds; some aspects of meaning can be found in
communicative processes and are modelled with pragmatic inferences
of one sort or another. One hypothesis of great heuristic utility
concerns the relationship that is assumed between the semantic and
the pragmatic. This collection of especially commissioned papers
examines current thinking on the plausible nature of the semantic,
the possible character of the pragmatic and the mechanics of their
intersection.
The volume offers an up-to-date overview of the influence of
English on Italian, bringing together the linguistic and the
cultural dimensions. The history of language contact between Italy
and Anglo-American societies is the basis for understanding lexical
borrowing and for identifying the domains of vocabulary more
intensely affected in time. Drawing on previous research and on
existing lexicographic evidence, this book presents a typology of
borrowings based on a new, usage-based word list of Italian
Anglicisms which is part of a larger multilingual project (GLAD -
Global Anglicism Database). The topics covered are the number of
Anglicisms in Italian, their frequency in specialist fields and
registers, the blurred area between borrowing and the circulation
of international vocabulary, luxury loans and casuals. The book
rounds up with the cultural debate on English-only education, which
has recently stirred purist concerns, marking an attitudinal shift
of Italian from an 'open' to a 'protectionist' language towards
exogenous influences. This book is addressed primarily to scholars
and university students, but also to a lay audience of non-experts,
interested in the linguistic and cultural contacts between English
and Italian.
Winner of the 2021 New Voices Book Award by the Society for
Linguistic Anthropology Exploring the ways in which the development
of linguistic practices helped expand national politics in remote,
rural areas of Venezuela, Language and Revolutionary Magic in the
Orinoco Delta situates language as a mediating force in the
creation of the 'magical state'. Focusing on the Waraos speakers of
the Orinoco Delta, this book explores center–periphery dynamics
in Venezuela through an innovative linguistic anthropological lens.
Using a semiotic framework informed by concepts of 'transduction'
and 'translation', this book combines ethnographic and historical
evidence to analyze the ideological mediation and linguistic
practices involved in managing a multi-ethnic citizenry in
Venezuela. Juan Luis Rodriguez shows how indigenous populations
participate in the formation and contestation of state power
through daily practices and the use of different speech genres,
emphasising the performative and semiotic work required to produce
revolutionary subjects. Establishing the centrality of language and
semiosis in the constitution of authority and political power, this
book moves away from seeing revolution in solely economic or
ideological terms. Through the collision between Warao and Spanish,
it highlights how language ideologies can exclude or integrate
indigenous populations in the public sphere and how they were
transformed by Hugo Chavez' revolutionary government to promote
loyalty to the regime.
The use of literary texts in language classrooms is firmly
established, but new questions arise with the transfer to remote
teaching and learning. How do we teach literature online? How do
learners react to being taught literature online? Will new genres
emerge from the COVID-19 pandemic? Is the literary canon changing?
This volume celebrates the vitality of literary and pedagogic
responses to the pandemic and presents research into the phenomena
observed in this evolving field. One strand of the book discusses
literary outputs stimulated by the pandemic as well as past
pandemics. Another strand looks at the pedagogy of engaging
learners with literature online, examining learners of different
ages and of different proficiency levels and different educational
backgrounds, including teacher education. Finally, a third strand
looks at the affordances of various technologies for teaching
online and the way they interact with literature and with language
learning. The contributions in this volume take literature teaching
online away from static lecturing strategies, present numerous
options for online teaching, and provide research-based grounding
for the implementation of these pedagogies.
How to Critique Authoritarian Populism: Methodologies of the
Frankfurt School offers a comprehensive introduction to the
techniques used by the early Frankfurt School to study and combat
authoritarianism and authoritarian populism. In recent years there
has been a resurgence of interest in the writings of the early
Frankfurt School, at the same time as authoritarian populist
movements are resurging in Europe and the Americas. This volume
shows why and how Frankfurt School methodologies can and should be
used to address the rise of authoritarianism today. Critical theory
scholars are assembled from a variety of disciplines to discuss
Frankfurt School approaches to dialectical philosophy,
psychoanalytic theory, human subjects research, discourse analysis
and media studies. Contributors include: Robert J. Antonio,
Stefanie Baumann, Christopher Craig Brittain, Dustin J. Byrd,
Mariana Caldas Pinto Ferreira, Panayota Gounari, Peter-Erwin
Jansen, Imaculada Kangussu, Douglas Kellner, Dan Krier, Lauren
Langman, Claudia Leeb, Gregory Joseph Menillo, Jeremiah Morelock,
Felipe Ziotti Narita, Michael R. Ott, Charles Reitz, Avery Schatz,
Rudolf J. Siebert, William M. Sipling, David Norman Smith, Daniel
Sullivan, and AK Thompson.
Democracy has long been fetishized. Consequently, how we speak
about democracy and what we expect from democratic governance are
at odds with practice. With unflinching resolve, this book probes
the theory of democracy and how the left and right are fascinated
by it. In this innovative multidisciplinary study, Ralph Cintron
provides sustained analysis of our political discourse. He shows
not only how the rhetoric of democracy produces strong desires for
social order, global wealth, and justice but also how these desires
cannot be satisfied. Throughout his discussion, Cintron includes
ethnographic research from fieldwork conducted over the course of
twenty years in the Latino neighborhoods of Chicago, where he
observes both citizens and the undocumented looking to democracy to
fulfill their highest aspirations. Politicians hand out favors to
the elite, developers strong-arm aldermen, and the disenfranchised
have little redress. The problem, Cintron argues, is that the
conditions required to put democracy into practice-territory, a
bordered nation-state, citizens, property-are constituted by
inequality and violence, because there is no inclusivity that does
not also exclude. Drawing on ethnography, economics, political
theory, and rhetorical analysis, Cintron makes his case with
tremendous analytic rigor. This challenge to reassess the
discourses on democracy and to consider democratic politics as
always compromised by oligarchy will be of particular interest to
political and rhetorical theorists.
In Presented Discourse in Popular Science, Olga A. Pilkington
explores the forms and functions of the voices of scientists in
books written for non-professionals. This study confirms the
importance of considering presentation of discourse outside of
literary fiction: popular science uses presented discourse in ways
uncommon for fiction yet not conventional for non-fiction either.
This analysis is an acknowledgement of the social consequences of
popularization. Discourse presentation of scientists reconstructs
the world of the scientific community as a human space but also
projects back into it an image of the scientist the public wants to
see. At the same time, Pilkington's findings strengthen the view of
popularization that rejects the notion of a strict divide between
professional and popular science.
This book explores the linguistic patterns of conflict, crisis and
threat generation in Polish political rhetoric that have been at
the heart of state-level policies since the Law and Justice (PiS)
Party came to power in October 2015. Analysing a vast corpus of
speeches, statements and remarks by prominent Law and Justice Party
politicians, this book sheds light on internal parliamentary and
presidential discourse against opponents of the government, before
widening its lens to Poland's strained relations with the EU
regarding refugee distribution and immigration. Drawing on theories
from contemporary critical discourse studies and critical-cognitive
pragmatics, the book shows how the crisis, conflict and threat
elements in these discourses produce public coercion and strengthen
the Party's leadership. Piotr Cap extends his argument further to
examine discursive examples from Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria,
Austria, Italy and the UK, highlighting the correlation between the
Law and Justice Party and broader socio-political and rhetorical
trends in contemporary Europe. The result is an authoritative
panorama of the mutual dependencies and shared discursive
strategies of European right-wing groups.
In December 2018, the United States Senate unanimously passed the
nation's first antilynching act, the Justice for Victims of
Lynching Act. For the first time in US history, legislators,
representing the American people, classified lynching as a federal
hate crime. While lynching histories and memories have received
attention among communication scholars and some interdisciplinary
studies of traditional civil rights memorials exist, contemporary
studies often fail to examine the politicized nature of the spaces.
This volume represents the first investigation of the National
Memorial for Peace and Justice and the Legacy Museum, both of which
strategically make clear the various links between America's
history of racial terror and contemporary mass incarceration
conditions, the mistreatment of juveniles, and capital punishment.
Racial Terrorism: A Rhetorical Investigation of Lynching focuses on
several key social agents and organizations that played vital roles
in the public and legal consciousness raising that finally led to
the passage of the act. Marouf A. Hasian Jr. and Nicholas S.
Paliewicz argue that the advocacy of attorney Bryan Stevenson, the
work of the Equal Justice Initiative (EJI), and the efforts of
curators at Montgomery's new Legacy Museum all contributed to the
formation of a rhetorical culture that set the stage at last for
this hallmark lynching legislation. The authors examine how the EJI
uses spaces of remembrance to confront audiences with
race-conscious messages and measure to what extent those messages
are successful.
Conversation is one of the most widespread uses of human language,
but what is actually happening when we interact this way? How is
conversation structured? How does it function? Answering these
questions and more, An Introduction to Conversation Analysis is an
essential overview of this topic for students in a wide range of
disciplines including sociolinguistics, discourse analysis and
sociology. This is the only book you need to learn how to do
conversation analysis. Beginning by positioning conversation
analysis amongst other methodologies, this book explains the
advantages before guiding you step-by-step through how to do
conversation analysis and what it reveals about the ways language
works in communication. Chapters introduce every aspect of
conversation analysis logically and clearly, covering topics such
as transcription, turn-taking, sequence organisation, repair, and
storytelling. Now fully revised and expanded to take account of
recent developments, this third edition includes: - 3 new chapters,
covering action formation and epistemics, multimodality and spoken
interaction, and written conversation - New topics including online
and mobile technology, cross-cultural conversation and medical
discourse - A glossary of key terms, brand new exercises and
updated lists of further reading - A fully updated companion
website, featuring tutorials, audio and video files, and a range of
different exercises covering turn taking, organisation and repair
Investigating the 2016 EU Referendum in the UK, The Language of
Brexit explores the ways in which 'Brexit' campaigners utilised
language more persuasively than their 'Remain' counterparts.
Drawing parallels with effective political discourse used
worldwide, this book highlights the linguistic features of an
increasingly popular style of political campaigning. Concentrating
on the highly successful and emotive linguistic strategies employed
by the Brexit campaigners against the comparatively lacklustre
Remain camp, Buckledee makes a case for the contribution of
language towards the narrow 52-48% Brexit victory. Using primary
examples, what emerges is how urging people to have the courage to
make a bid for freedom naturally invokes more grandiloquent
language, powerful metaphors and rousing partisan tone than a
campaign which, on balance, argues that it's best to simply stick
with the status quo. Examining the huge amount of discourse
generated before, during and since the June 2016 EU Referendum, The
Language of Brexit looks into the role language played in the
democratic process and the influence and impact it had on electors,
leading to an unexpected result and uncertain future.
Dolf Rami contributes to contemporary debates about the meaning and
reference of proper names by providing an overview of the main
challenges and developing a new contextualist account of names.
Questions about the use and semantic features of proper names are
at the centre of philosophy of language. How does a single proper
name refer to the same thing in different contexts of use? What
makes a thing a bearer of a proper name? What is their meaning?
Guided by these questions, Rami discusses Saul Kripke's main
contributions to the debate and introduces two new ways to capture
the rigidity of names, proposing a pluralist version of the causal
chain picture. Covering popular contextualist accounts of names,
both indexical and variabilist, he presents a use-sensitive
alternative based on a semantic comparison between names, pronouns
and demonstratives. Extending and applying his approach to a wide
variety of uses, including names in fiction, this is a
comprehensive explanation of why we should interpret proper names
as use-sensitive expressions.
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