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Books > Language & Literature > Language & linguistics > Semantics (meaning)
This edited thematic collection features latest developments of discourse analysis in translation and interpreting studies. It investigates the process of how cultural and ideological intervention is conducted in translation and interpreting using a wide array of discourse analysis and systemic functional linguistic approaches and drawing on empirical data from the Chinese context. The book is divided into four main sections: I. uncovering positioning and ideology in interpreting and translation, II. linking linguistic approach with socio-cultural interpretation, III. discourse analysis into news translation and IV. analysis of multimodal and intersemiotic discourse in translation. The different approaches to discourse analysis provide a much-needed contribution to the field of translation and interpreting studies. This combination of discourse analysis and corpus analysis demonstrates the interconnectedness of these fields and offers a rich source of conceptual and methodological tools. This book will appeal to scholars and research students in translation and interpreting studies, cross-linguistic discourse analysis and Chinese studies.
This collection calls greater attention to the need for a clearer understanding of the role of discourse in the process of placemaking in the digital age and the increasing hybridisation of physical and virtual worlds. The volume outlines a new conceptualisation of place in the time of smartphones, whose technological and social affordances evoke placemaking as a collaborative endeavour which allows users to create and maintain a sense of community around place as shareable or collective experience. Taken together, chapters argue for a greater emphasis on the ways in which users employ discourse to manage this physical-virtual interface in digital interactions and in turn, produce "remixed" cultural practices that draw on diverse digital semiotic resources and reflect their everyday experiences of place and location. The book explores a wide range of topics and contexts which embody these dynamics, including livestreaming platforms, mourning in the digital age, e-service encounters, and Internet forums. While the overlay of physical and virtual information on location-based media is not a new phenomenon, this volume argues that, in the face of its increasing pervasiveness, we can better understand its unfolding and future directions for research by accounting for the significance of place in today's interactions. This book will be of interest to students and scholars in discourse analysis, digital communication, pragmatics, and media studies.
This timely book details the theoretical and practical elements of political rhetoric and their effects on the interactions between politicians and the public. Expert contributors explore the issues associated with political rhetoric from a range of disciplinary perspectives, including political science, linguistics, social psychology and communication studies. Investigating critical emerging topics, such as invited behavior, political public relations, artificial intelligence and 'chatbots', this book offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of the field. Empirical data gathered from around the globe facilitates comparison of the different structures, practices and effects of political rhetoric employed across various cultural contexts. Chapters examine what makes a speech effective, politicians' use of moral appeals in political advertising, political attacks on social media, and gender and emotion in political discourse. The Rhetoric of Political Leadership will be a key resource for scholars and students of political science, communication studies and social psychology, particularly those focusing on cross-cultural perspectives. It will also appeal to those working in leadership and politics that are seeking an in-depth understanding of the importance and use of discourse in the political arena. Contributors include: M. Asano, C.S. Ben-Porat, I.J. de Sousa, O. Feldman, A. Gayoso, M. Hameleers, I. Joathan, C. Johnson, M.A. Krasner, S. Lehman-Wilzig, F.P.J. Marques, B. Mendelski, M.S. Teer, A. Walter, J. Wang
No two writing situations are exactly the same and skilled writers,
like skilled painters, must develop the know-how to represent the
objects of their writing as part of a flexible art. This special
art of writing lies hidden between grammar--the well-formedness of
sentences--and genre--the capacity of texts to perform culturally
holistic communicative functions (e.g., the memo, the strategic
report, the letter to the editor). Concealed between grammar and
genre, this less visible art of writing is what Kaufer and Butler
call "representational composition." Texts within this hidden art
are best viewed not primarily as grammatical units or as genre
functions, but as bearers of design elements stimulating imagistic,
narrative, and information-rich worlds, and as an invitation to
readers to explore and interact with them.
Recent studies of vocal development in infants have shed new light
on old questions of how the speech capacity is founded and how it
may have evolved in the human species. Vocalizations in the very
first months of life appear to provide previously unrecognized
clues to the earliest steps in the process by which language came
to exist and the processes by which communicative disorders arise.
Uncapping Family Wisdom: Recognizing, Treating, and Reconciling Transgenerational Dysfunction describes how the patterns that prevent forward progress in families can be changed. Because patterns travel through the language of the family, and language defines reality for these speakers, a framework is needed, so that linguistic legacies that affect development can be understood and overcome. Many families have inherited a speaking pattern which distorts reality for the family. The adults in these families, through their inherited language patterns, do not know how to instill in their offspring the basic conceptual information and affirmations considered necessary for optimal moral, cognitive, social, and psychological development. Unfortunately,in many cases, the language the children hear from significant others largely determines the potential for development in these children. The children hear and learn defective language patterns, ensuring further dysfunction in succeeding generations. Because of the emotional pain incurred in the interactions in dysfunctional families,these families become "trauma organized." (Betovim) The pattern of behavior that causes trauma is called "transgenerational dysfunction." Uncapping Family Wisdom provides intervention into these complex problems.
"Validation in Language Assessment" contributes to the variety of
validation approaches and analytical and interpretive techniques
only recently adopted by language assessment researchers. Featuring
selected papers from the 17th Language Testing Research Colloquium,
the volume presents diverse approaches with an international
perspective on validation in language assessment.
Ever since the notion of explanatory adequacy was promoted by
Chomsky in his 1965 Aspects, linguists and psycholinguists have
been in pursuit of a psychologically valid theory of grammar. To be
explanatorily adequate, a theory of grammar can not only describe
the general characteristics of a language but can also account for
the underlying psychological processes of acquiring and processing
that language. To be considered psychologically valid, a grammar
must be learnable by ordinary children (the problem of acquisition)
and must generate sentences that are parsable by ordinary people
(the problem of processing). Ultimately, the fields of language
acquisition and processing are concerned with the same goal: to
build a theory that accounts for grammar as it is acquired by
children; accessed in comprehension and production of speech; and
represented within the human mind. Unfortunately, these two fields
developed independently and have rarely been well-informed about
each other's concerns. Both have experienced past difficulties as a
result.
The structure of the book proceeds in a logical way through the basic, key areas of CA research and understandings, providing a useful introduction. An accessible and appealing introduction to a highly technical subject, designed with students in mind Covers essential theories and methodologies for a thorough understanding of CA in the modern Hispanic world Findings and applications are relevant not only for linguistics but also for the social sciences and other disciplines concerned with human interaction
Subtitling serves two purposes: to translate the dialogue of foreign language films for secondary audiences (interlingual) and to transform the soundtrack of television programmes into written captions for deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers (intralingual). While both practices have strong linguistic roots, often being compared to text translation and editing, this book reveals the complex influences arising from the audiovisual environment. Far from being simply a matter of linguistic equivalence, the authors show how the effectiveness of subtitles is crucially dependent upon the hidden semiotic relations between text and image; relations which affect the meaning of the visual-linguistic message and the way in which that message is ultimately received. Focusing primarily on intralingual subtitling, The Semiotics of Subtitling adopts a holistic approach, combining linguistic theory with empirical eye-movement analysis in order to explore the full depth of the medium and the reading behaviour of viewers.
By providing a contemporary understanding of theories on classroom dialogue through a sociocultural lens, Sybing offers innovative ways to observe and foster more engaged interaction between teacher and student particularly in language learning contexts. How teachers interact with students has a profound impact on learning outcomes and learner development, yet remains a topic that requires more attention in language education. As research and practice in all education domains shift toward more dialogic approaches to the co-construction of knowledge, language education can also benefit from a more comprehensive approach to classroom dialogue that is relevant to interaction with language learners. This book provides a foundational understanding of theories of classroom dialogue relevant to language classroom contexts, which will guide an analysis of teacher-student interactions taken from observations of a language classroom in order to propose a framework for language classroom dialogue for theory and practice. Researchers and practitioners in language education will benefit from a comprehensive overview of discussion of and contemporary research in classroom interaction, sociocultural theory, and intercultural communication. This book offers useful guidance to scholars where such discussions are especially useful for addressing issues of native-speakerism and language ownership.
This volume sheds light on the argumentative role of metaphor in climate change discourse, unpacking the ways in which stakeholders use specific metaphors to influence perceptions of the climate crisis. While existing research has explored the explanatory function of metaphors in communication on climate change, this book offers an alternative view, one which posits that metaphors can go beyond disseminating scientific observations to promoting biases in the depiction of these observations. Auge analyses oft-used ideas in climate change communication, such as carbon footprint, drawn from a wide-ranging corpus spanning media discourse, scientific discourse, NGO communications, political speech, and everyday speech in English. The book presents an overview of different arguments conveyed through metaphors around five key themes-climate change mitigation; the evolution of climate change; global and local effects; the significance of climate change in specific countries; and the relationship between climate change and other contemporary social issues. The volume highlights how the complexity of climate change often necessitates the use of metaphor and the value of further research on metaphor's argumentative function in elucidating its ideological dimensions in climate change discourse. This book will be of interest to scholars in discourse analysis, corpus linguistics, cognitive linguistics, and environmental communication.
Politics, Lies and Conspiracy Theories: A Cognitive Linguistic Perspective shows how language influences mechanisms of cognition, perception and belief, and by extension its power to manipulate thoughts and beliefs. This exciting and original work is the first to apply cognitive linguistics to the analysis of political lies and conspiracy theories, both of which have flourished in the internet age and which many argue are threatening democracy. It unravels the verbal mechanisms that make these "different truths" so effective and proliferative, dissecting the verbal structures (metaphor, irony, connotative implications etc) of the words of a variety of real-life cases in the form of politicians, conspiracy theorists and influencers. Marcel Danesi goes on to demonstrate how these linguistic structures "switch on" or "switch off" alternative mind worlds. This book is essential reading for students of cognitive linguistics and will enrich the studies of any student or researcher in language and linguistics more broadly, as well as discourse analysis, rhetoric or political science.
This volume is intended for students who desire a practical
introduction to the use of language in daily and professional life.
It may be used either as part of a course or as an aid to
independent study. Readers will find that concepts relating to
language and discourse are highlighted in the text, explained
clearly, illuminated through examples and practice exercises, and
defined in the "Glossary/Index" at the back of the book.
This book is the first to summarize the voluminous literature on
the development of cognitive, codification, language, and
expressive/affective (CCCE) skills "from a clinical standpoint."
Emphasizing the need to ground services in research and theory, the
author constructs three basic clinical models--a conceptual model
for understanding, a descriptive model for formal assessment, and a
facilitative model for intervention. These models have major
implications for the work of all those who deal with CCCE problems
in a professional capacity.
Taking a cross-disciplinary approach, Suzanne Romaine's main
concern is to show how language and discourse play key roles in
understanding and communicating gender and culture. In addition to
linguistics--which provides the starting point and central focus of
the book--she draws on the fields of anthropology, biology,
communication, education, economics, history, literary criticism,
philosophy, psychology, and sociology. The text covers the "core"
areas in the study of language and gender, including how and where
gender is indexed in language, how men and women speak, how
children acquire gender differentiated language, and sexism in
language and language reform. Although most of the examples are
drawn primarily from English, other European languages and
non-European languages, such as Japanese are considered. The text
is written in an accessible way so that no prior knowledge of
linguistics is necessary to understand the chapters containing
linguistic analysis. Each chapter is followed by exercises and
discussion questions to facilitate the book's use as a classroom
text.
Taking a cross-disciplinary approach, Suzanne Romaine's main
concern is to show how language and discourse play key roles in
understanding and communicating gender and culture. In addition to
linguistics--which provides the starting point and central focus of
the book--she draws on the fields of anthropology, biology,
communication, education, economics, history, literary criticism,
philosophy, psychology, and sociology. The text covers the "core"
areas in the study of language and gender, including how and where
gender is indexed in language, how men and women speak, how
children acquire gender differentiated language, and sexism in
language and language reform. Although most of the examples are
drawn primarily from English, other European languages and
non-European languages, such as Japanese are considered. The text
is written in an accessible way so that no prior knowledge of
linguistics is necessary to understand the chapters containing
linguistic analysis. Each chapter is followed by exercises and
discussion questions to facilitate the book's use as a classroom
text.
The purpose of this workbook is to provide students with practice
in analyzing second language data. For the student of second
language learning, "hands-on" experience with actual data is
essential in understanding the processes involved in learning a
second language. Working through exemplars of the kinds of
interlanguages that learners do and do not create brings about a
clearer understanding of the principles underlying these
interlanguages, as well as the universal principles of language
learning (those that are independent of particular languages and
interlanguages).
Offering a unique focus on the development of human communication,
this book integrates and synthesizes a more comprehensive array of
research than most investigations of communicative development. As
such, it incorporates materials dealing with the development of
nonverbal communication, language, and cognition, and examines how
they are integrated in the growing child's everyday interaction.
This information is distilled into a set of key principles and
practices--culled from a variety of fields including developmental
and social psychology, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and
communication--for parents or adults interested in child
development.
Part of a series that offers mainly linguistic and anthropological research and teaching/learning material on a region of great cultural and strategic interest and importance in the post-Soviet era.
*assumes no prior knowledge of pragmatics and will take readers through the basics quickly so that they can apply the ideas to online environments *covers a wide range of online media platforms from email, chatrooms, and IM through to social media including Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, WhatsApp, and YouTube *won't date fast as focus is on how ideas and topics from pragmatics can be applied to mediated contexts, irrespective of the particular media
This book deals with the narrative discourse--specifically
lifestories--of 16 patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease
(AD). It attempts to understand the discourse of these patients in
contextual terms. Thus far, the dominant explanation for
"incoherence" in AD speech has been largely provided by research in
psycholinguistics, much of which has understood AD speech in terms
of the progressively deteriorating nature of the disease. This
study provides a complementary view by examining ways in which some
social factors--audiences, setting, and time--influence the
extensiveness and meaningfulness of AD talk.
This book provides descriptions and illustrations of cutting-edge
text analysis methods for communication and marketing research;
cultural, historical-comparative, and event analysis; curriculum
evaluation; psychological diagnosis; language development research;
and for any research in which statistical inferences are drawn from
samples of texts. Although the book is accessible to readers having
no experience with content analysis, the text analysis expert will
find substantial new material in its pages. In particular, this
collection describes developments in semantic and network text
analysis methodologies that heretofore have been accessible only
among a smattering of methodology journals.
This work describes the way in which conversations between drug users vary and change according to context and circumstances in ways that suggest that there is no single "truth" about the state we call "addicted". The central thesis of the book is that the explanations that drug users give for their drug use make sense not so much as a source of facts, but as primarily functional statements shaped by a climate of moral and legal censure. Consequently, the signficance of drug conversations lies not in their literal semantics but in the purposes such conversation serve. The argument raises a number of fundamental issues about the performative rather than the informative nature of language, about the nature of the "scientific facts" concerning drug use, and about the very nature of science itself. Starting with a general overview of the problems arising from a mechanistic and deterministic view, the book identifies a need for a new approach to the understanding of verbal behaviour. Secondly, it gives an account of a new form of analysis, based on over 500 conversations carried out with drug users in Scotland and the north of England. In a final data section, evidence is presented link |
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