Tanja Schultz and Katrin Kirchhoff have compiled a comprehensive overview of speech processing from a multilingual perspective. By taking this all-inclusive approach to speech processing, the editors have included theories, algorithms, and techniques that are required to support spoken input and output in a large variety of languages. This book presents a comprehensive introduction to research problems and solutions, both from a theoretical as well as a practical perspective, and highlights technology that incorporates the increasing necessity for multilingual applications in our global community.
Current challenges of speech processing and the feasibility of sharing data and system components across different languages guide contributors in their discussions of trends, prognoses and open research issues. This includes automatic speech recognition and speech synthesis, but also speech-to-speech translation, dialog systems, automatic language identification, and handling non-native speech. The book is complemented by an overview of multilingual resources, important research trends, and actual speech processing systems that are being deployed in multilingual human-human and human-machine interfaces.
Researchers and developers in industry and academia with different backgrounds but a common interest in multilingual speech processing will find an excellent overview of research problems and solutions detailed from theoretical and practical perspectives.
* State-of-the-art research with a global perspective by authors from the USA, Asia, Europe, and South Africa
* The only comprehensive introduction to multilingual speech processing currently available
* Detailed presentation of technological advances integral to security, financial, cellular and commercial applications

As the demand for efficient energy sources continues to grow around the globe, electrical systems are becoming more essential to meet these increased needs. As these systems are being utilized more frequently, it becomes imperative to find ways of optimizing their overall function. Design Parameters of Electrical Network Grounding Systems is a critical scholarly resource that examines safe grounding designs of electrical networks. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as cathodic protection of grounding grids, grounding connections, and soil resistivity evaluation, this book is geared towards academicians, practitioners, and researchers seeking current research on electrical networks.

This book deals with the analysis and development of numerical methods for the time-domain analysis of multiphysical effects in superconducting circuits of particle accelerator magnets. An important challenge is the simulation of "quenching", i.e. the transition of a material from the superconducting to the normally electrically conductive state. The book analyses complex mathematical structures and presents models to simulate such quenching events in the context of generalized circuit elements. Furthermore, it proposes efficient parallelized algorithms with guaranteed convergence properties for the simulation of multiphysical problems. Spanning from theoretical concepts to applied research, and featuring rigorous mathematical presentations on one side, as well as simplified explanations of many complex issues, on the other side, this book provides graduate students and researchers with a comprehensive introduction on the state of the art and a source of inspiration for future research. Moreover, the proposed concepts and methods can be extended to the simulation of multiphysical phenomena in different application contexts.

In this book, the development of next-generation batteries is introduced. Included are reports of investigations to realize high energy density batteries: Li-air, Li-sulfur, and all solid-state and metal anode (Mg, Al, Zn) batteries. Sulfide and oxide solid electrolytes are also reviewed.A number of relevant aspects of all solid-state batteries with a carbon anode or Li-metal anode are discussed and described: The formation of the cathode; the interface between the cathode (anode) and electrolyte; the discharge and charge mechanisms of the Li-air battery; the electrolyte system for the Li-air battery; and cell construction. The Li-sulfur battery involves a critical problem, namely, the dissolution of intermediates of sulfur during the discharge process. Here, new electrolyte systems for the suppression of intermediate dissolution are discussed. Li-metal batteries with liquid electrolytes also present a significant problem: the dendrite formation of lithium. New separators and electrolytes are introduced to improve the safety and rechargeability of the Li-metal anode. Mg, Al, and Zn metal anodes have been also applied to rechargeable batteries, and in this book, new metal anode batteries are introduced as the generation-after-next batteries.This volume is a summary of ALCA-SPRING projects, which constitute the most extensive research for next-generation batteries in Japan. The work presented in this book is highly informative and useful not only for battery researchers but also for researchers in the fields of electric vehicles and energy storage.

This book presents the latest advances in computational intelligence and data analytics for sustainable future smart cities. It focuses on computational intelligence and data analytics to bring together the smart city and sustainable city endeavors. It also discusses new models, practical solutions and technological advances related to the development and the transformation of cities through machine intelligence and big data models and techniques. This book is helpful for students and researchers as well as practitioners.

This thesis develops a pioneering methodology and a concept for identifying critical loads and load model parameters in large power networks based on their influence on power system stability. The research described in the thesis first develops an automatic load modelling tool (ALMT) that can be used to automatically build load model from actual measured power system data without human intervention and the benefits of the ALMY are explored. Secondly, it develops a pioneering framework based on Morris screening method for ranking power system load model parameters based on their influence on overall power system stability (voltage, frequency, transient and small disturbance stability) considering different load models and loading conditions. Thirdly, a novel probabilistic methodology for determining the accuracy levels of critical load model parameters has been developed. This book will be of interest to students and researchers within the field of electrical engineering, as well as industry professionals.

This book describes systematically wireless power transfer technology using magnetic resonant coupling and electric resonant coupling and presents the latest theoretical and phenomenological approaches to its practical implementation, operation and its applications. It also discusses the difference between electromagnetic induction and magnetic resonant coupling, the characteristics of various types of resonant circuit topologies and the unique features of magnetic resonant coupling methods. Designed to be self-contained, this richly illustrated book is a valuable resource for a broad readership, from researchers to engineers and anyone interested in cutting-edge technologies in wireless power transfer.

This book describes a set of SystemC-based virtual prototype analysis methodologies, including design understanding, verification, security validation, and design space exploration. Readers will gain an overview of the latest research results in the field of Electronic Design Automation (EDA) at the Electronic System Level (ESL). The methodologies discussed enable readers to tackle easily key tasks and applications in the design process.

This book plays a significant role in improvising human life to a great extent. The new applications of soft computing can be regarded as an emerging field in computer science, automatic control engineering, medicine, biology application, natural environmental engineering, and pattern recognition. Now, the exemplar model for soft computing is human brain. The use of various techniques of soft computing is nowadays successfully implemented in many domestic, commercial, and industrial applications due to the low-cost and very high-performance digital processors and also the decline price of the memory chips. This is the main reason behind the wider expansion of soft computing techniques and its application areas. These computing methods also play a significant role in the design and optimization in diverse engineering disciplines. With the influence and the development of the Internet of things (IoT) concept, the need for using soft computing techniques has become more significant than ever. In general, soft computing methods are closely similar to biological processes than traditional techniques, which are mostly based on formal logical systems, such as sentential logic and predicate logic, or rely heavily on computer-aided numerical analysis. Soft computing techniques are anticipated to complement each other. The aim of these techniques is to accept imprecision, uncertainties, and approximations to get a rapid solution. However, recent advancements in representation soft computing algorithms (fuzzy logic,evolutionary computation, machine learning, and probabilistic reasoning) generate a more intelligent and robust system providing a human interpretable, low-cost, approximate solution. Soft computing-based algorithms have demonstrated great performance to a variety of areas including multimedia retrieval, fault tolerance, system modelling, network architecture, Web semantics, big data analytics, time series, biomedical and health informatics, etc. Soft computing approaches such as genetic programming (GP), support vector machine-firefly algorithm (SVM-FFA), artificial neural network (ANN), and support vector machine-wavelet (SVM-Wavelet) have emerged as powerful computational models. These have also shown significant success in dealing with massive data analysis for large number of applications. All the researchers and practitioners will be highly benefited those who are working in field of computer engineering, medicine, biology application, signal processing, and mechanical engineering. This book is a good collection of state-of-the-art approaches for soft computing-based applications to various engineering fields. It is very beneficial for the new researchers and practitioners working in the field to quickly know the best performing methods. They would be able to compare different approaches and can carry forward their research in the most important area of research which has direct impact on betterment of the human life and health. This book is very useful because there is no book in the market which provides a good collection of state-of-the-art methods of soft computing-based models for multimedia retrieval, fault tolerance, system modelling, network architecture, Web semantics, big data analytics, time series, and biomedical and health informatics.

This book introduces an innovative, highly analytical approach to symbolic, closed-form solutions for switched-mode power converter circuits. This is a highly relevant topic to power electronics students and professionals who are involved in the design and analysis of electrical power converters. The author uses extensive equations to explain how solid-state switches convert electrical voltages from one level to another, so that electronic devices (e.g., audio speakers, CD players, DVD players, etc.) can use different voltages more effectively to perform their various functions. Most existing comparable books published as recently as 2002 do not discuss closed-loop operations, nor do they provide either DC closed-loop regulation equations or AC loop gain (stability) formulae. The author Wu, a leading engineer at Lockheed Martin, fills this gap and provides among the first descriptions of how error amplifiers are designed in conjunction with closed-loop bandwidth selection.
BENEFIT TO THE READER:
Readers will gain a mathematically rigorous introduction to numerous, closed-form solutions that are readily applicable to the design and development of various switch-mode power converters.
* Provides symbolic, closed-form solutions for DC and AC studies
* Provides techniques for expressing close-loop operation
* Gives readers the ability to perform closed-loop regulation and sensitivity studies
* Gives readers the ability to design error amplifiers with precision
* Employs the concept of the continuity of states in matrix form
* Gives accelerated time-domain, steady-state studies using Laplace transform
* Gives accelerated time-domain studies using state transition
* Extensive use of matrix, linear algebra, implicit functions, and Jacobian determinants
* Enables the determination of power stage gain that otherwise could not be obtained

This book highlights new trends and challenges in intelligent systems, which play an essential part in the digital transformation of many areas of science and practice. It includes papers offering a deeper understanding of the human-centred perspective on artificial intelligence, of intelligent value co-creation, ethics, value-oriented digital models, transparency, and intelligent digital architectures and engineering to support digital services and intelligent systems, the transformation of structures in digital business and intelligent systems based on human practices, as well as the study of interaction and co-adaptation of humans and systems. All papers were originally presented at the International KES Conference on Human Centred Intelligent Systems 2021 (KES HCIS 2021) held on June 14-16, 2021 in the KES Virtual Conference Centre.

This book focuses on the adoption of a Dynamic Performance Management (DPM) approach to support the planning and management of urban transportation systems. DPM allows one to embrace a dynamic and systemic perspective and, as a result, to frame the contribution of different stakeholders, in terms of outcome-based performance, at an inter-institutional level. The discussed DPM approach allows one to focus on the causal relationships and feedback processes that characterize urban transportation systems' governance. Particularly, through the adoption of such an approach, it is possible to identify outcome-based performance measures that help to monitor and drive the governance network toward the creation of public value for the reference communities.Strategic Planning for Urban Transportation: A Dynamic Performance Management Approach begins with an examination of urban transportation, highlighting the main criticalities and future challenges of managing it. Next, the book examines the governance of urban transportation including how to identify and engage stakeholders. Finally, the book introduces the main application of DPM and system dynamics to urban areas, with specific regards to transportation. The framework is outlined, and a case study is provided as a practical example of how to apply the model. This book should be useful to urban transportation decision-makers at both the managerial and political level.

This book presents the design and development of an Internet of Things (IoT) enabled, smart sensor to detect nitrate contamination in natural water. It considers three different sensors designed, fabricated and configured for nitrate detection: a Graphite/PDMS and Si-based MEMS sensors, and aFR4-based sensor. It also introduces a selective polymer material developed by means of the ion imprinting polymerization technique that was used as a coating on the Si-based MEMS sensor. Further, the book discusses the development of a smart sensing system that can be used to remotely monitor the nitrate concentration in any water. Fully explaining all the techniques used, the book is of interest to engineers, researchers and scientists working in the field of the water-quality measurement.

This book proposes new control and protection schemes to improve the overall stability and security of future wide-area power systems. It focuses on the high penetration levels of renewable energy sources and distributed generation, particularly with the trend towards smart grids. The control methods discussed can improve the overall stability in normal and abnormal operation conditions, while the protection methods presented can be used to ensure the secure operation of systems under most severe contingencies. Presenting stability, security, and protection methods for power systems in one concise volume, this book takes the reader on a journey from concepts and fundamentals to the latest and future trends in each topic covered, making it an informative and intriguing read for researchers, graduate students, and practitioners alike.

This book contains a selection of research articles written by prominent researchers participating in The 27th World Congress on Engineering (WCE 2019) which was held in London, UK, July 3-5, 2019. Topics covered include engineering mathematics, electrical engineering, communications systems, computer science, chemical engineering, systems engineering, manufacturing engineering, and industrial applications. With contributions carefully chosen to represent the most cutting-edge research presented during the conference, the book contains some of the state of the art in engineering technologies and the physical sciences and their applications and serves as a useful reference for researchers and graduate students working in these fields.

This it the first technical reference book available on the PSoC, and it offers the most comprehensive combination of technical data, example code, and descriptive prose you ll find anywhere.
Embedded design expert Robert Ashby will guide you through the entire PSoC world, providing thorough coverage of device feature, design, programming and development of the software-reconfigurable PSoC. He shares his best tips, tricks, and techniques that will help you to utilize the flexible and inexpensive PSoC to its greatest potential, with a minimum of heartaches and late nights.
With its emphasis on designing for adaptability -- a feature of the utmost importance in today s fast-paced and cost-pressured design cycles -- this book will bring you up to speed quickly on everything PSoC, from memory management to interconnects. You will add brains and capable signal conditioning to a design with one chip, giving you extreme flexibility for a relatively low price. Specific application examples highlighting the PSoC s unique capabilities are included throughout the text, with the supporting sample source code. This valuable code is also provided on the companion website so you can easily adapt it to your own designs.
* The first independent technical reference available on the PSoC, a product line experiencing explosive growth in the embedded design world
* Application examples, sample code, and design tips and techniques will get readers get up-to-speed quickly
* Companion website includes all example code from book, so that engineers can easily adapt it to their own designs"

This book provides comprehensive coverage of state-of-the-art integrated circuit authentication techniques, including technologies, protocols and emerging applications. The authors first discuss emerging solutions for embedding unforgeable identifies into electronics devices, using techniques such as IC fingerprinting, physically unclonable functions and voltage-over-scaling. Coverage then turns to authentications protocols, with a special focus on resource-constrained devices, first giving an overview of the limitation of existing solutions and then presenting a number of new protocols, which provide better physical security and lower energy dissipation. The third part of the book focuses on emerging security applications for authentication schemes, including securing hardware supply chains, hardware-based device attestation and GPS spoofing attack detection and survival. Provides deep insight into the security threats undermining existing integrated circuit authentication techniques; Includes an in-depth discussion of the emerging technologies used to embed unforgeable identifies into electronics systems; Offers a comprehensive summary of existing authentication protocols and their limitations; Describes state-of-the-art authentication protocols that provide better physical security and more efficient energy consumption; Includes detailed case studies on the emerging applications of IC authentication schemes.

Energy for today's complex electrical power systems is increasingly being generated and distributed locally using small-scale, renewable energy sources. The addition of renewables to the grid requires new tools and operation methods, both for suppliers and industrial consumers. This book describes the supporting technologies that can turn conventional passive electricity delivery networks into the active networks of the future, with a focus on electricity utilization in the industrial environment. It examines the integration of the new, dispersed sources with the legacy systems of centralised generation, as well as how the new technologies can operate effectively in isolated systems. Industrial power distribution, lighting, motor control and protection are discussed in detail. The presentation of the details of the enabling technologies makes this book a valuable reference for researchers, students and engineers involved in the planning, design and installation of new systems or the upgrading of existing ones.

This book describes power management integrated circuits (PMIC), for power converters and voltage regulators necessary for energy efficient and small form factor systems. The authors discuss state-of-the-art PMICs not only for battery powered wearable devices, but also energy harvesting-based devices. The circuits presented support voltage scaling to reduce the overall average power consumption of a wearable device, resulting in longer device operating time. The discussion includes many designs, control techniques and approaches to distribute efficiently the power among different blocks in the device. * Demonstrates for readers how to innovate in designing power management integrated circuits (PMIC) suitable for wearable devices, powered by either battery or harvesting energy; * Introduces a dual outputs switched capacitor, using a single voltage regulator to minimize the area overhead and discusses the effect of having more than two outputs on the area and power efficiency; * Introduces a novel clock-less digital LDO regulator that eliminates the use of the clocked comparator and serial shift register in the conventional design; * Presents experimental results of energy harvesting-based power management units (PMU), using different combinations of power converters and voltage regulators, providing a guide for designers to select the appropriate option based on device requirements.

This book focuses on oil-paper insulation included in power transformers, especially for EHV and UHV transformers. The importance on insulation ever increased due to a growing voltage rating of transformers. Within the last decades, although research on the transformer insulation and diagnosis methods has advanced a lot, the insulation of HV transformers remained more or less unchanged. The book is divided into five chapters; the first and second chapters explain the basics of oil insulation, while the third chapter focuses on paper insulation. The final two chapters deal with the methods and outcome of testing both techniques. The primary target audience for this book is graduate students and power system engineers.

In this book, the authors cover the recent progress in the synthesis, characterization and application of various multi-layered carbides, carbonitrides and nitrides. Moreover, the processing and development of MXene-based composites are elaborated, focusing on their applications and performances as transparent conductors in environmental remediation and energy storage systems.

This book collects a selection of papers presented at ELECTRIMACS 2019 - The 13th international conference of the IMACS TC1 Committee, held in Salerno, Italy, on 21st-23rd May 2019. The conference papers deal with modelling, simulation, analysis, control, power management, design optimization, identification and diagnostics in electrical power engineering. The main application fields include electric machines and electromagnetic devices, power electronics, transportation systems, smart grids, electric and hybrid vehicles, renewable energy systems, energy storage, batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells, wireless power transfer. The contributions included in Volume 2 are particularly focussed on methodological aspects, modelling and applied mathematics in the field of electrical engineering.

This book comprises select peer-reviewed proceedings of the Control Instrumentation System Conference (CISCON 2019) in the specialized area of cyber-physical systems. The topics include current trends in the areas of instrumentation, sensors and systems, industrial automation and control, image and signal processing, robotics, renewable energy, power systems and power drives, and artificial intelligence technologies. Wide-ranging applications in various fields such as aerospace, biomedical, optical imaging and biomechanics are covered in the book. The contents of this book are useful for students, researchers as well as industry professionals working in the field of instrumentation and control engineering.

This book covers the selection of nanocomposite supercapacitor materials. It describes the most important criteria behind the selection of materials for the electrode, electrolytes, separator and current collectors, which comprise the key components of supercapacitors for advanced energy storage. It discusses the influence on each material on the unique electrochemical properties of nanocomposite supercapacitors with respect to their energy storage mechanism and stability under extreme and unpredictable conditions. This book is part of the Handbook of Nanocomposite Supercapacitor Materials. Supercapacitors have emerged as promising devices for electrochemical energy storage, playing an important role in energy harvesting for meeting the current demands of increasing global energy consumption. The handbook covers the materials science and engineering of nanocomposite supercapacitors, ranging from their general characteristics and performance to materials selection, design and construction. Covering both fundamentals and recent developments, this handbook serves a readership encompassing students, professionals and researchers throughout academia and industry, particularly in the fields of materials chemistry, electrochemistry, and energy storage and conversion. It is ideal as a reference work and primary resource for any introductory senior-level undergraduate or beginning graduate course covering supercapacitors.