In modern medicine, imaging is the most effective tool for diagnostics, treatment planning and therapy. Almost all modalities have went to directly digital acquisition techniques and processing of this image data have become an important option for health care in future. This book is written by a team of internationally recognized experts from all over the world. It provides a brief but complete overview on medical image processing and analysis highlighting recent advances that have been made in academics. Color figures are used extensively to illustrate the methods and help the reader to understand the complex topics.

The second edition of this volume provides up-to-date methods on the main methodological aspects of functional MRI (fMRI), applying fMRI to the study of central nervous system, and future evolutions of fMRI techniques. fMRI: Method and Protocols, Second Edition guides the reader through chapters on basic knowledge for the understanding of the technical aspects of fMRI, overview of the main results derived from the application of fMRI to the study of healthy individuals, application of fMRI to assess the role of brain plasticity in the major neurological and psychiatric conditions, and novel approaches for the integration of fMRI data. Concise and easy-to-use, fMRI: Method and Protocols, Second Edition aims to be useful to clinicians and researchers with a user-friendly summary of the field and necessary background ensuring further successful studies.

Radiology to me is an art more than a science; an art of imaging the human body, and an art of extracting information from an image. Radiology today is a vital specialty that almost no other medical specialty can work without. Congenital anomalies and syndromes are complex subjects in all medical specialties. They require knowledge of the normal anatomy and of the embryological basis of organogenesis. The importance of recognizing a congenital malformation or an anomaly, which can be the tip of an iceberg of a more complex syndrome, is to prevent future manifestations of a s- drome if possible or to reduce its severity. Due to this concept, I had an interest in studying how to use the radiological modalities in diagnosing congenital malfor- tions as early as possible. Although radiology offers very powerful tools for diag- sis, the basics of medicine are still the main tools to be used for diagnosis. History, observation, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations are essential elements for diagnosis, which need to be used before radiology investigations are initiated. The idea of this book is based on a simple principle: it is to link radiology to these basic medical tools. The book is written for junior radiologists, radiology students, and doctors interested in congenital malformations and syndromes in any specialty. Each disease is represented with a de? nition, description, etiology, diagnostic cri- ria, main symptoms, and its typical diagnostic radiological features on the modern radiological modalities available today.

Digestive diseases have always been a major threat to global health. Despite the rapid advances in various diagnostic modalities, many a time the final verdict can be elusive and present a diagnostic challenge for the attending doctor. The book presents 50 real life cases to illustrate an evidence based approach for the diagnosis, investigation and management of gastrointestinal diseases commonly encountered in everyday practice, with a special focus on the interpretation of endoscopic and radiological images. This book provides a pragmatic approach for medical students, residents, specialist trainees and specialists alike who have an interest in gastroenterology. Other healthcare providers, such as general practitioners, nurses and dieticians, will also benefit from these case illustrations. The authors of this book are based at the Institute of Digestive Disease, Chinese University of Hong Kong. This institute has contributed to major breakthroughs that have improved the clinical management of digestive diseases including, but not limited to, the advent of endoscopic therapies and minimally invasive surgery, molecular diagnostic tools for cancers and inflammatory bowel disease, and the development of novel treatments for acid peptic disease and viral hepatitis.

Of the research areas devoted to biomedical sciences, the study of the brain remains a field that continually attracts interest due to the vast range of people afflicted with debilitating brain disorders and those interested in ameliorating its effects. To discover the roots of maladies and grasp the dynamics of brain functions, researchers and practitioners often turn to a process known as brain source localization, which assists in determining the source of electromagnetic signals from the brain. Aiming to promote both treatments and understanding of brain ailments, ranging from epilepsy and depression to schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease, the authors of this book provide a comprehensive account of current developments in the use of neuroimaging techniques for brain analysis. Their book addresses a wide array of topics, including EEG forward and inverse problems, the application of classical MNE, LORETA, Bayesian based MSP, and its modified version, M-MSP. Within the ten chapters that comprise this book, clinicians, researchers, and field experts concerned with the state of brain source localization will find a store of information that can assist them in the quest to enhance the quality of life for people living with brain disorders.

Imaging informatics is a complex and historically rapidly changing field, knowledge of which is central to the practice of all imaging specialists. This convenient pocket guide provides the foundations of knowledge in informatics, allowing radiographers in training and in practice, assistant practitioners and other allied health professionals to understand, use and develop more efficient ways of imaging that will in turn deliver improved patient care.

This comprehensive reference work details the latest developments in fluorescence imaging and related biological quantification. It explores the most recent techniques in this imaging technology through the utilization and incorporation of quantification analysis which makes this book unique. It also covers super resolution microscopy with the introduction of 3D imaging and high resolution fluorescence. Many of the chapter authors are world class experts in this medical imaging technology.

Dermoscopy is a noninvasive skin imaging technique that uses optical magnification and either liquid immersion or cross-polarized lighting to make subsurface structures more easily visible when compared to conventional clinical images. It allows for the identification of dozens of morphological features that are particularly important in identifying malignant melanoma. Dermoscopy Image Analysis summarizes the state of the art of the computerized analysis of dermoscopy images. The book begins by discussing the influence of color normalization on classification accuracy and then: Investigates gray-world, max-RGB, and shades-of-gray color constancy algorithms, showing significant gains in sensitivity and specificity on a heterogeneous set of images Proposes a new color space that highlights the distribution of underlying melanin and hemoglobin color pigments, leading to more accurate classification and border detection results Determines that the latest border detection algorithms can achieve a level of agreement that is only slightly lower than the level of agreement among experienced dermatologists Provides a comprehensive review of various methods for border detection, pigment network extraction, global pattern extraction, streak detection, and perceptually significant color detection Details a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for melanomas that features an inexpensive acquisition tool, clinically meaningful features, and interpretable classification feedback Presents a highly scalable CAD system implemented in the MapReduce framework, a novel CAD system for melanomas, and an overview of dermatological image databases Describes projects that made use of a publicly available database of dermoscopy images, which contains 200 high-quality images along with their medical annotations Dermoscopy Image Analysis not only showcases recent advances but also explores future directions for this exciting subfield of medical image analysis, covering dermoscopy image analysis from preprocessing to classification.

Ophthalmic Imaging serves as a reference for the practicing ophthalmic imager. Ophthalmic imaging combines photography and diagnostic imaging to provide insight into not only the health of the eye, but also the health of the human body as a whole. Ophthalmic photographers are specialists in imaging through and in the human eye, one of the only parts of the body where the circulation and nervous system is visible non-invasively. With technical perspective as context, this book will provide instructional techniques as well as the background needed for problem solving in this exciting field. The book covers all aspects of contemporary ophthalmic imaging and provides image support to ophthalmologists and sub-specialties including retinal specialists, corneal specialists, neuro-ophthalmologists, and ocular oncologists. This text serves as a reference for the practicing ophthalmic imager, or to imagers just getting started in the field.

With the development of rapidly increasing medical imaging modalities and their applications, the need for computers and computing in image generation, processing, visualization, archival, transmission, modeling, and analysis has grown substantially. Computers are being integrated into almost every medical imaging system. Medical Image Analysis and Informatics demonstrates how quantitative analysis becomes possible by the application of computational procedures to medical images. Furthermore, it shows how quantitative and objective analysis facilitated by medical image informatics, CBIR, and CAD could lead to improved diagnosis by physicians. Whereas CAD has become a part of the clinical workflow in the detection of breast cancer with mammograms, it is not yet established in other applications. CBIR is an alternative and complementary approach for image retrieval based on measures derived from images, which could also facilitate CAD. This book shows how digital image processing techniques can assist in quantitative analysis of medical images, how pattern recognition and classification techniques can facilitate CAD, and how CAD systems can assist in achieving efficient diagnosis, in designing optimal treatment protocols, in analyzing the effects of or response to treatment, and in clinical management of various conditions. The book affirms that medical imaging, medical image analysis, medical image informatics, CBIR, and CAD are proven as well as essential techniques for health care.

Ophthalmic Imaging serves as a reference for the practicing ophthalmic imager. Ophthalmic imaging combines photography and diagnostic imaging to provide insight into not only the health of the eye, but also the health of the human body as a whole. Ophthalmic photographers are specialists in imaging through and in the human eye, one of the only parts of the body where the circulation and nervous system is visible non-invasively. With technical perspective as context, this book will provide instructional techniques as well as the background needed for problem solving in this exciting field. The book covers all aspects of contemporary ophthalmic imaging and provides image support to ophthalmologists and sub-specialties including retinal specialists, corneal specialists, neuro-ophthalmologists, and ocular oncologists. This text serves as a reference for the practicing ophthalmic imager, or to imagers just getting started in the field.

Ideal for residents starting in radiology and radiologic technologists, this concise manual is the perfect introduction to the physics and practice of CT and the interpretation of basic CT images. Designed as a systematic learning tool, it introduces the use of CT scanners for all organs, and includes positioning, use of contrast media, representative CT scans of normal and pathological findings, explanatory drawings with keyed anatomic structures, and an overview of the most important measurement data. Finally, self-assessment quizzes - including answers - at the end of each chapter help the reader monitor progress and evaluate knowledge gained. New in this fifth edition: Recent technical developments such as dual source CT, protocols for CT angiography, and PET/CT fusion. This book includes complimentary access to an online version on https://medone.thieme.com.

This book deals with the latest achievements in the field of optical coherent microscopy. While many other books exist on microscopy and imaging, this book provides a unique resource dedicated solely to this subject. Similarly, many books describe applications of holography, interferometry and speckle to metrology but do not focus on their use for microscopy. The coherent light microscopy reference provided here does not focus on the experimental mechanics of such techniques but instead is meant to provide a users manual to illustrate the strengths and capabilities of developing techniques. The areas of application of this technique are in biomedicine, medicine, life sciences, nanotechnology and materials sciences.

This book is an essential resource describing a wide range of approaches and technologies in the areas of quantitative EEG (QEEG) and neurotherapy including neurofeedback and neuromodulation approaches. It emphasizes practical, clinically useful methods, reported by experienced clinicians who have developed and used these approaches first hand. These chapters describe how the authors approach and use their particular combinations of technology, and how clients are evaluated and treated. This resource, which is encyclopedic in scope, provides a valuable and broad, yet sufficiently detailed account, to help clinicians guide the future directions in client assessment and neurotherapeutic treatment. Each contribution includes literature citations, practical information related to clinical interventions, and clinical outcome information.

Gamma cameras are traditionally large devices that are situated in nuclear medicine departments, but recent advances in detector design have enabled the production of compact gamma cameras that allow nuclear imaging at the patient bedside and in the operating theatre. Gamma Cameras for Interventional and Intraoperative Imaging is the first book to cover this new area of imaging, and provides a unique insight into the experimental and clinical use of small field of view gamma cameras in hospitals. This book explores advances in the design and operation of compact gamma cameras and conducts a thorough review of current SFOV systems, before exploring the clinical applications of the technology. It is an essential reference for surgeons, operating theatre staff, clinical scientists (medical physicists), technologists, nuclear physicians and radiologists whose patients could benefit from this technology.

This books provides an excellent survey of and introduction to new methods of biological imaging and sensing. The main topics discussed are cell imaging, multiphoton microscopy for biomedical studies, molecular imaging, infrared imaging, biomedical magnetic imaging and microscopy with laser-trapped particles. The book also deals with nanosurgery with light, the effects of ultrasound on tissue, diagnostics, near- and far-infrared transmission of biomedical information, and cell sensors. This book will be a valuable resource for both medical doctors and biophysicists.

This book highlights recent technological advances, reviews and applications in the field of cardiovascular engineering, including medical imaging, signal processing and informatics, biomechanics, as well as biomaterials. It discusses the use of biomaterials and 3D printing for tissue-engineered heart valves, and also presents a unique combination of engineering and clinical approaches to solve cardiovascular problems. This book is a valuable resource for students, lecturers and researchers in the field of biomedical engineering.

For centuries the analysis of the heart rhythm has belonged to the foundations of medical art. We know that doctors in ancient Tibet used the interpretation of the heart rate to draw prognostic conclusions-somehow a modern rationale-that deserves further attention. The rapid advancement of science is providing more and more information about the details, but the subatomic resolution of structures hides the risk and the complex procedures are fragmented into static impressions. The same has happened to the ECG. The revolutionary development, acknowledged by the Nobel Prize for Einthoven, ledfromtheanalysisofthedynamicheartratetothestaticanalysisofthe heartstream curve. It is only with the ECG Holter recording over longer periods that the cardiologists rediscovered the old dynamic. With the continuous recording of the heart rate and its periodicity, it became accessible to a new dimension, a dim- sion that requires technically well-de?ned foundations for accurate data coll- tion, detailed knowledge of the electrocardiologic particularities of arrhythmia, and medical knowledge for the translation of the results into a diagnostic synthesis. With the ECG Holter the issue is no longer just to detect an arrhythmia, but also to determine dynamic circumstance in which the critical event occurred. In fact, we investigate the trigger, the event, and the context, and we have to integrate all of that information within the clinical picture, from the pathology right through to the symptom-indeed a multi-dimensional task.

Cardiovascular and Neurovascular Imaging: Physics and Technology explains the underlying physical and technical principles behind a range of cardiovascular and neurovascular imaging modalities, including radiography, nuclear medicine, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Examining this interdisciplinary branch of medical imaging from academic, clinical, and industrial perspectives, this comprehensive book: Covers each major imaging modality as well as special applications, time-resolved techniques, and image-guided therapies Discusses image quality and accuracy, radiation safety and dosimetry, and image formation and analysis Explores current and future trends in vascular imaging procedures and technologies Featuring chapters authored by field experts, Cardiovascular and Neurovascular Imaging: Physics and Technology combines the latest information on the physics and technology of cardiovascular and neurovascular imaging under one cover, providing students, professionals, and researchers with a single, state-of-the-art reference.

The ECG is one of the most commonly used investigations in contemporary medicine. Interpretation of the ECG can appear daunting, but it is actually relatively straightforward as long as a systematic approach is taken. Pocket ECGs for Nurses assists with this task by providing a detailed yet readable introduction to ECG interpretation, supplemented by clinical information about how to act based on its findings. The book begins by covering the basics of cardiac anatomy and physiology and how these relate to the ECG. It then guides nurses on how to perform a high-quality ECG recording, interpret it and make sense of common ECG abnormalities. The book also includes a guide to ambulatory and bedside monitoring as well as useful chapter summaries. This pocketbook is an essential reference for the non-specialist who needs to be able to record and perform a basic and safe interpretation of an ECG. Written in plain language with clear explanations, bullet lists and summaries throughout, this handy guide will benefit nurses as well as paramedics and other allied health professionals in recording and reading ECGs.

Most books on imaging in sports medicine are concerned with the particular joints or anatomy involved in sports-related injuries. This book, however, takes a different perspective by looking at injuries that are associated with specific sports. All of the well-known major sports, such as football, tennis, and basketball, are included, as are many less common but still very popular sports, such as baseball, American football, and rugby. The chapters on sports-specific injuries are preceded by two chapters on the perspective of clinicians and another two chapters on the general use of MR imaging and ultrasound in sports medicine. The authors of the book are world-renowned experts from five continents. Imaging in Sports-Specific Musculoskeletal Injuries should be of great interest to radiologists, sports medicine physicians, orthopedic surgeons, and rehabilitation physicians, and to anyone interested in the treatment of sports-related injuries.

Computational Optical Biomedical Spectroscopy and Imaging covers recent discoveries and research in the field by some of the best inventors and researchers in the world. It also presents useful computational methods and applications used in optical biomedical spectroscopy and imaging. Topics covered include: New trends in immunohistochemical, genome, and metabolomics imaging Computer-aided diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases based on CT image analysis Functional near-infrared spectroscopy and its applications in neurosciences Applications of vibrational spectroscopic imaging in personal care studies Induced optical natural fluorescence spectroscopy for Giardia lamblia cysts Nanoimaging and polarimetric exploratory data analysis Fluorescence bioimaging with applications to chemistry Medical imaging instrumentation and techniques The book also discusses future applications, directions, opportunities, and challenges of optical biomedical spectroscopy and imaging in technical industry, academia, and government. This valuable resource introduces key concepts of computational methods used in optical biomedical spectroscopy and imaging in a manner that is easily understandable to beginners and experts alike.

Changes in the neurological functions of the human brain are often a precursor to numerous degenerative diseases. Advanced EEG systems and other monitoring systems used in preventive diagnostic procedures incorporate innovative features for brain monitoring functions such as real-time automated signal processing techniques and sophisticated amplifiers. Highlighting the US, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Korea, China, and many other areas, EEG/ERP Analysis: Methods and Applications examines how researchers from various disciplines have started to work in the field of brain science, and explains the different techniques used for processing EEG/ERP data. Engineers can learn more about the clinical applications, while clinicians and biomedical scientists can familiarize themselves with the technical aspects and theoretical approaches. This book explores the recent advances involved in EEG/ERP analysis for brain monitoring, details successful EEG and ERP applications, and presents the neurological aspects in a simplified way so that those with an engineering background can better design clinical instruments. It consists of 13 chapters and includes the advanced techniques used for signal enhancement, source localization, data fusion, classification, and quantitative EEG. In addition, some of the chapters are contributed by neurologists and neurosurgeons providing the clinical aspects of EEG/ERP analysis. Covers a wide range of EEG/ERP applications with state-of-the-art techniques for denoising, analysis, and classification Examines new applications related to 3D display devices Includes MATLAB (R) codes EEG/ERP Analysis: Methods and Applications is a resource for biomedical and neuroscience scientists who are working on neural signal processing and interpretation, and biomedical engineers who are working on EEG/ERP signal analysis methods and developing clinical instrumentation. It can also assist neurosurgeons, psychiatrists, and postgraduate students doing research in neural engineering, as well as electronic engineers in neural signal processing and instrumentation.

There are many modalities available to image the heart and this variety and number of scan types can prove to be daunting to radiologists and cardiologists. In addition, there are the numerous devices, stents, valves and other paraphernalia which are employed in the management of cardiac disease, which need to be recognised and identified when interpreting any of these various scans. Containing 75 challenging clinical cases and illustrated with superb, high quality images, Cardiac Imaging covers a wide range of cardiac imaging problems from basic radiographic cases to more challenging and esoteric cases involving echocardiography, cardiac MRI, cardiac CT and myocardial perfusion imaging. The book uses an accessible format for quick assimilation. It remains an invaluable text for all radiology and cardiology professionals in practice and in training, from hospital-based doctors preparing for higher examinations to established physicians in their continuing professional development.

Edited by and featuring contributions from world-class researchers, Ophthalmological Imaging and Applications offers a unified work of the latest human eye imaging and modeling techniques that have been proposed and applied to the diagnosis of ophthalmologic problems, including inflammation, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma. With a focus on theory, basic principles, and results derived from research, the book: Explores various morphological, textural, higher-order spectral, and wavelet transformation techniques used to extract salient features from images of the human eye Examines 2D and 3D finite element and boundary element models of the human eye developed to simulate thermal steady-state conditions Addresses the difficult task of benchmarking the validity of human eye imaging techniques and computer-simulated results with experimental measurements Intended to be a companion to Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmology, this volume covers several aspects of multimodal ophthalmological imaging and applications, presenting information in an accessible manner to appeal to a wide audience of students, researchers, and practitioners. Ophthalmological Imaging and Applications considers promising simulations that pave the way for new possibilities in computational methods for eye health care.