The purpose of this monograph is both to introduce and review developed tomograhic methods for discovering 2D and 3D structures of the ionosphere and to discuss the experimental implementation of these methods. The theoretical part deals with the solution of the inverse problem of diffraction tomography for a wide range of properties of ionospheric media. Examples are given to illustrate the experimental reconstruction of electron-density distributions in ionospheric sections. In addition to addressing the specialist researcher, the detailed derivations and explanations make this book an excellent starting point for nonspecialists and graduate students who wish to enter this exciting new field to which the authors have made pioneering contributions.

Reflecting recent major advances in the field of artificial intelligence, Developing the Digital Lung, From First Lung CT to Clinical AI, by Dr. John Newell, is your go-to reference for all aspects of applied artificial intelligence in lung disease development, including application to clinical medicine. It provides a unique overview of the field, beginning with a review of the origins of artificial intelligence in the mid-1970s and progressing to its application to clinical medicine in the early 2020s. Organized based on the four stages of development, this practical, easy-to-use resource helps you effectively apply artificial intelligences to lung imaging. Traces the development of precise quantitative CT of diffuse lung disease through the use of applied AI, leading to faster effective diagnosis of patients with lung disease. Reviews CT manufacturers, models and scanning protocol used to produce the 3D digital maps of the lungs. Discusses how the data processed by AI algorithms can produce measures of emphysema, air trapping, and airway wall thickening in subjects with COPD and measures of pulmonary fibrosis and traction bronchiectasis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Demonstrates the differences between reactive machine AI and limited memory AI methods. Includes comprehensive case studies and current information on cloud computing. An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.

This book covers the main mathematical and numerical models in computational electrocardiology, ranging from microscopic membrane models of cardiac ionic channels to macroscopic bidomain, monodomain, eikonal models and cardiac source representations. These advanced multiscale and nonlinear models describe the cardiac bioelectrical activity from the cell level to the body surface and are employed in both the direct and inverse problems of electrocardiology. The book also covers advanced numerical techniques needed to efficiently carry out large-scale cardiac simulations, including time and space discretizations, decoupling and operator splitting techniques, parallel finite element solvers. These techniques are employed in 3D cardiac simulations illustrating the excitation mechanisms, the anisotropic effects on excitation and repolarization wavefronts, the morphology of electrograms in normal and pathological tissue and some reentry phenomena. The overall aim of the book is to present rigorously the mathematical and numerical foundations of computational electrocardiology, illustrating the current research developments in this fast-growing field lying at the intersection of mathematical physiology, bioengineering and computational biomedicine. This book is addressed to graduate student and researchers in the field of applied mathematics, scientific computing, bioengineering, electrophysiology and cardiology.

Covers different modalities for improvement of healthcare system Describes implementation strategies and their applications in diagnosis of modalities Reviews automatic identification of related disorders using medical modality Discusses bio-potential signals and their appropriate analysis for studying different disorders Includes case studies, real-time examples and research directions

This book examines the use of biomedical signal processing-EEG, EMG, and ECG-in analyzing and diagnosing various medical conditions, particularly diseases related to the heart and brain. In combination with machine learning tools and other optimization methods, the analysis of biomedical signals greatly benefits the healthcare sector by improving patient outcomes through early, reliable detection. The discussion of these modalities promotes better understanding, analysis, and application of biomedical signal processing for specific diseases. The major highlights of Biomedical Signal Processing for Healthcare Applications include biomedical signals, acquisition of signals, pre-processing and analysis, post-processing and classification of the signals, and application of analysis and classification for the diagnosis of brain- and heart-related diseases. Emphasis is given to brain and heart signals because incomplete interpretations are made by physicians of these aspects in several situations, and these partial interpretations lead to major complications. FEATURES Examines modeling and acquisition of biomedical signals of different disorders Discusses CAD-based analysis of diagnosis useful for healthcare Includes all important modalities of biomedical signals, such as EEG, EMG, MEG, ECG, and PCG Includes case studies and research directions, including novel approaches used in advanced healthcare systems This book can be used by a wide range of users, including students, research scholars, faculty, and practitioners in the field of biomedical engineering and medical image analysis and diagnosis.

There is an urgent need to develop and integrate new statistical, mathematical, visualization, and computational models with the ability to analyze Big Data in order to retrieve useful information to aid clinicians in accurately diagnosing and treating patients. The main focus of this book is to review and summarize state-of-the-art big data and deep learning approaches to analyze and integrate multiple data types for the creation of a decision matrix to aid clinicians in the early diagnosis and identification of high risk patients for human diseases and disorders. Leading researchers will contribute original research book chapters analyzing efforts to solve these important problems.

This book explores novel methods for implementing X-ray diffraction technology as an imaging modality, which have been made possible through recent breakthroughs in detector technology, computational power, and data processing algorithms. The ability to perform fast, spatially-resolved X-ray diffraction throughout the volume of a sample opens up entirely new possibilities in areas such as material analysis, cancer diagnosis, and explosive detection, thus offering the potential to revolutionize the fields of medical, security, and industrial imaging and detection. Featuring chapters written by an international selection of authors from both academia and industry, the book provides a comprehensive discussion of the underlying physics, architectures, and applications of X-ray diffraction imaging that is accessible and relevant to neophytes and experts alike. Teaches novel methods for X-ray diffraction imaging Comprehensive and self-contained discussion of the relevant physics, imaging techniques, system components, and data processing algorithms Features state-of-the-art work of international authors from both academia and industry. Includes practical applications in the medical, industrial, and security sectors

For over 50 years, coronary angiography has been the mainstay of diagnosing and quantifying the extent of coronary artery disease. However appreciation of the inherent limitations of conventional angiography has led to a plethora of new imaging modalities, each with their relative strengths and potential pitfalls. Advances in these techniques have given clinicians, as well as researchers, an overwhelming amount of information and the need for thoughtful interpretation. This outstanding book provides a comprehensive overview of the current status of imaging of coronary atherosclerosis. Covering the wide variety of available imaging modalities, the book provides state-of-the-art knowledge from leading authorities in each area. In their discussion, the authors include both invasive and non-invasive modalities, including the gold standard coronary angiography, the growing field of IVUS, and novel techniques such as functional imaging, molecular imaging, and the integration of biomarkers. The key concepts and practical information given in this volume will provide the reader with the necessary understanding to choosing appropriate imaging studies and building confidence in their skill set with each.

Covering the entire spectrum of this fast-changing field, Diagnostic Imaging: Obstetrics, fourth edition, is an invaluable resource for radiologists, perinatologists, and trainees-anyone who requires an easily accessible, highly visual reference on today's obstetric imaging. Dr. Paula J. Woodward and a team of highly regarded experts provide up-to-date information on recent advances in technology and the understanding of fetal development and disease processes to help you make informed decisions at the point of care. The text is lavishly illustrated, delineated, and referenced, making it a useful learning tool as well as a handy reference for daily practice. Serves as a one-stop resource for key concepts and information on obstetric imaging, including a wealth of new material and content updates throughout Features more than 3,000 illustrations (grayscale, 3D, color, and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound; fetal MR; extensive clinical and/or pathologic correlation; and full-color illustrations) 1,300 additional digital images, and 175 new ultrasound video clips Features updates from cover to cover including new information on the genetic basis of fetal diseases, as well as new diagnoses and management protocols; additional and expanded differential diagnoses; and recent consensus guidelines and practice standards Covers dramatic new changes in technology, including recent innovations in 3D ultrasound and fetal MRI, as well as the earliest ultrasound findings seen with each condition due to improved ultrasound technology Reflects a multidisciplinary, collaborative approach to diagnosis, management, and treatment between radiologists, perinatologists, pediatricians, and surgeons Includes embryology and anatomy overview chapters, along with pertinent differential diagnoses for comprehensive coverage Uses bulleted, succinct text and highly templated chapters for quick comprehension of essential information at the point of care Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices

Computer-aided design (CAD) plays a key role in improving biomedical systems for various applications. It also helps in the detection, identification, predication, analysis, and classification of diseases, in the management of chronic conditions, and in the delivery of health services. This book discusses the uses of CAD to solve real-world problems and challenges in biomedical systems with the help of appropriate case studies and research simulation results. Aiming to overcome the gap between CAD and biomedical science, it describes behaviors, concepts, fundamentals, principles, case studies, and future directions for research, including the automatic identification of related disorders using CAD. Features: Proposes CAD for the study of biomedical signals to understand physiology and to improve healthcare systems' ability to diagnose and identify health disorders. Presents concepts of CAD for biomedical modalities in different disorders. Discusses design and simulation examples, issues, and challenges. Illustrates bio-potential signals and their appropriate use in studying different disorders. Includes case studies, practical examples, and research directions. Computer-Aided Design and Diagnosis Methods for Biometrical Applications is aimed at researchers, graduate students in biomedical engineering, image processing, biomedical technology, medical imaging, and health informatics.

"This book presents the technology evaluation methodology from the point of view of radiological physics and contrasts the purely physical evaluation of image quality with the determination of diagnostic outcome through the study of observer performance. The reader is taken through the arguments with concrete examples illustrated by code in R, an open source statistical language." - from the Foreword by Prof. Harold L. Kundel, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania "This book will benefit individuals interested in observer performance evaluations in diagnostic medical imaging and provide additional insights to those that have worked in the field for many years." - Prof. Gary T. Barnes, Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham This book provides a complete introductory overview of this growing field and its applications in medical imaging, utilizing worked examples and exercises to demystify statistics for readers of any background. It includes a tutorial on the use of the open source, widely used R software, as well as basic statistical background, before addressing localization tasks common in medical imaging. The coverage includes a discussion of study design basics and the use of the techniques in imaging system optimization, memory effects in clinical interpretations, predictions of clinical task performance, alternatives to ROC analysis, and non-medical applications. Dev P. Chakraborty, PhD, is a clinical diagnostic imaging physicist, certified by the American Board of Radiology in Diagnostic Radiological Physics and Medical Nuclear Physics. He has held faculty positions at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, University of Pennsylvania, and most recently at the University of Pittsburgh.

This book provides an accessible yet rigorous introduction to topology and homology focused on the simplicial space. It presents a compact pipeline from the foundations of topology to biomedical applications. It will be of interest to medical physicists, computer scientists, and engineers, as well as undergraduate and graduate students interested in this topic. Features: Presents a practical guide to algebraic topology as well as persistence homology Contains application examples in the field of biomedicine, including the analysis of histological images and point cloud data

In the diagnosis and treatment of movement disorders, the use of neuroimaging has expanded widely and has been an exciting, important modality for unlocking the causes of abnormal motor control. With ever improving machinery, data collection techniques and analysis methods, researchers are now being presented with an exponentially increasing amount of data that they must wade through and interpret in the context of existing knowledge about movement disorders.

In "Neuroimaging in Movement Disorders, " the editors have produced a gold-standard resource that brings together an impressive international group of authorities in their respective fields to outline the current state of knowledge. Controversies, such as conflicting findings and methodological limitations, are covered and provide the reader with a comprehensive yet pragmatic understanding of the state of science. The chapters offer both comprehensive reviews of various neuroimaging methods and also more in-depth summaries of the contributions made by neuroimaging in individual movement disorders. Although many of the neuroimaging methods that are discussed have not been routinely used in clinical practice, the authors skillfully provide the reader with adequate detail to understand the requirements for using these methods and in some cases even the starting knowledge to begin local implementation. "Neuroimaging in Movement Disorders" is an indispensable reference that will be of value to all physicians and researchers involved in the care of patients with movement disorders.

"

In view of better results expected from examination of medical datasets (images) with hybrid (integration of thresholding and segmentation) image processing methods, this work focuses on implementation of possible hybrid image examination techniques for medical images. It describes various image thresholding and segmentation methods which are essential for the development of such a hybrid processing tool. Further, this book presents the essential details, such as test image preparation, implementation of a chosen thresholding operation, evaluation of threshold image, and implementation of segmentation procedure and its evaluation, supported by pertinent case studies. Aimed at researchers/graduate students in the medical image processing domain, image processing, and computer engineering, this book: Provides broad background on various image thresholding and segmentation techniques Discusses information on various assessment metrics and the confusion matrix Proposes integration of the thresholding technique with the bio-inspired algorithms Explores case studies including MRI, CT, dermoscopy, and ultrasound images Includes separate chapters on machine learning and deep learning for medical image processing

The aim of this book is to outline the concept of entropy, various types of entropies and their implementation to evaluate a variety of biomedical signals/images. The book emphasizes various entropy-based image pre-processing methods which are essential for the development of suitable computerized examination systems. The recent research works on biomedical signal evaluation confirms that signal analysis provides vital information regarding the physiological condition of the patient, and the efficient evaluation of these signals can help to diagnose the nature and the severity of the disease. This book emphasizes various entropy-based image pre-processing methods which are essential for the development of suitable computerized examination systems for the analysis of biomedical images recorded with a variety of modalities. The work discusses the image pro-processing methods with the Entropies, such as Kapur, Tsallis, Shannon and Fuzzy on a class of RGB-scaled and gray-scaled medical pictures. The performance of the proposed technique is justified with the help of suitable case studies, which involves x-ray image analysis, MRI analysis and CT analysis. This book is intended for medical signal/image analysts, undergraduate and postgraduate students, researchers, and medical scientists interested in biomedical data evaluation.

This timely overview of dose, benefit, and risk in medical imaging explains to readers how to apply this information for informed decision-making that improves patient outcomes. The chapters cover patient and physician perspectives, referral guidelines, appropriateness criteria, and quantifying medical imaging benefits. The authors have included essential discussion about radiologic physics in medical imaging, fundamentals of dose and image quality, risk assessment, and techniques for optimization and dose reduction. The book highlights practical implementation aspects with useful case studies and checklists for treatment planning. Clinicians, students, residents, and professionals in medical physics, biomedical engineering, radiology, oncology, and allied disciplines will find this book an essential resource with the following key features: Discusses risk, benefit, dose optimization, safety, regulation, radiological protection, and shared & informed decision-making. Covers regulatory oversight by government agencies, manufacturers, and societies. Highlights best practices for improving patient safety and outcomes. Gives guidelines on doses associated with specific procedures.

Advances in digital technology led to the development of digital x-ray detectors that are currently in wide use for projection radiography, including Computed Radiography (CR) and Digital Radiography (DR). Digital Imaging Systems for Plain Radiography addresses the current technological methods available to medical imaging professionals to ensure the optimization of the radiological process concerning image quality and reduction of patient exposure. Based on extensive research by the authors and reference to the current literature, the book addresses how exposure parameters influence the diagnostic quality in digital systems, what the current acceptable radiation doses are for useful diagnostic images, and at what level the dose could be reduced to maintain an accurate diagnosis. The book is a valuable resource for both students learning the field and for imaging professionals to apply to their own practice while performing radiological examinations with digital systems.

Designed to provide those engaged in modern medical imaging with a coherent perspective of the entire discipline so that one protocol is no longer an isolated or independent mode of imaging from others, to wit: single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Introduces biomagnetic imaging as a third new modality.

Sensor technologies and applications are evolving rapidly driven by the demand for new sensors for monitoring and diagnostic purposes to enable improvements in human health and safety. Simultaneously, sensors are required to consume less power, be autonomous, cost less, and be connected by the Internet of Things. New sensor technologies are being developed to fulfill these needs. This book reviews the latest developments in sensor technology and gives the reader an overview of the state-of-the-art in key areas, such as sensors for diagnostics and monitoring. Features Provides an overview of sensor technologies for monitoring and diagnostics applications. Presents state-of-the-art developments in selected topics for sensors that can be used for monitoring and diagnostics in future healthcare, structural monitoring, and smart environment applications. Features contributions from leading international experts in both industry and academia. Explores application areas that include medical diagnostics and screening, health monitoring, smart textiles, and structural monitoring.

Advanced Imaging of the Abdomen is invaluable to the practising radiologist, and the more senior radiology resident and fellow, who is looking for a background reference source when discussing a suggested imaging approach with the referring physician.

The book includes extensive lists, tables, line drawings and illustrations - ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance images, scintigraphy. It bridges the interface between the referring clinician and radiologist when faced with a patient suspected of having a complex or more unusual abdominal condition.

Images in Urology is a unique book that integrates images of urological conditions within their clinical context. Improvements in imaging techniques have meant greater diagnostic power and a dramatic rise in the number and quality of images obtained and viewed by practicing clinicians. None more so than in the field of urology, where static and dynamic images are fundamental to the diagnosis and treatment of almost all conditions. This book presents images of radiological and radionucleotide scans, macroscopic and microscopic histopathology specimens, urodynamic traces and photographs of dermatological conditions relating to urology. Each section has a series of questions, often relating to a clinical scenario, about the images. A comprehensive answer provides a description of each image and of the condition shown. Details of how to interpret the image and the use of contrast or staining methods to help differentiate normal anatomy from pathology are included. Images in Urology is an essential tool for urology, radiology and histopathology trainees and consultants, as well as being an excellent exam preparation guide.

Gamma cameras are traditionally large devices that are situated in nuclear medicine departments, but recent advances in detector design have enabled the production of compact gamma cameras that allow nuclear imaging at the patient bedside and in the operating theatre. Gamma Cameras for Interventional and Intraoperative Imaging is the first book to cover this new area of imaging, and provides a unique insight into the experimental and clinical use of small field of view gamma cameras in hospitals. This book explores advances in the design and operation of compact gamma cameras and conducts a thorough review of current SFOV systems, before exploring the clinical applications of the technology. It is an essential reference for surgeons, operating theatre staff, clinical scientists (medical physicists), technologists, nuclear physicians and radiologists whose patients could benefit from this technology.

The book that set the standard for the role of correlating imaging findings to clinical findings as part of a comprehensive patient evaluation, more specific treatment plans and better outcomes is back in a New Edition. Here's everything Physical Therapists need to know about medical imaging. This comprehensive guide helps you develop the skills and knowledge you need to accurately interpret imaging studies and understand written reports. Begin with a basic introduction to radiology; then progress to evaluating radiographs and advanced imaging from head to toe. Imaging for commonly seen traumas and pathologies, as well as case studies prepare you to meet the most common to most complex challenges in clinical and practice. A great resource for Physical Therapist wanting to get a functional… "yet easy to read textbook in musculoskeletal imaging: a subject matter that could be most challenging and laborious to read and understand… then use clinically the next day. A most enjoyable presentation and way to develop clinical competency." - Kim D., Online Reviewer GREAT TEXTBOOK!! "Wonderful and informational book with great add-ons as well with the online code to learn more!!" - Shirley J., Online Reviewer Excellent book! I find the chapters are very well... "organized and make the subject of musculoskeletal imaging both interesting and digestible for someone who is just beginning to wade in the water of learning about imaging in the rehab environment." - Online Reviewer

This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics of North America focuses on Magnetoencephalography (MEG), and is edited by Drs. Roland Lee and Mingxiong Huang. Articles will include: MEG signal processing, forward modeling, MEG inverse source imaging, and Coherence analysis; Magnetoencephalography for pre-surgical functional mapping; Magnetoencephalography for mild TBI and PTSD; Magnetoencephalography for autism; Magnetoencephalography for schizophrenia; Magnetoencephalography for Alzheimer's disease; Pediatric Magnetoencephalography; The MEG Measurement Techniques; MEG and Language/Linguistics; MEG for Epilepsy; Integration of MEG results into the patient workup - Merging multiple modalities; and more!