A IUTAM symposium on 'Waves in Liquid/Gas and Liquid/Vapor Two-Phase Systems' was held in Kyoto, Japan, 9-13 May 1994. Sixty-three scientists partici pated coming from ten countries, and forty-two lectures were presented. The list of participants and the program are included in this volume. The symposium was held in response to the request of the participants in the IUTAM symposium 'Adiabatic Waves in Liquid-Vapor System' held at Gottingen in 1989. At that time, the need for another symposium in about five years had been indicated by all the participants. This symposium intends to develop the subject of wave properties in more general liquid-gas two-phase systems. Topics in this symposium may be classified as (1) waves in liquid-gas bubble systems including interfacial effects, (2) waves in gas( vapor )-droplets systems, (3) waves in films or stratified systems, (4) waves with liquid-vapor transition, (5) waves with vapor-liquid transition, (6) wave propagation near the critical point and (7) waves with low pressure effect. As for topic (1), experiments, numerical simulations and analytical approaches to waves in bubly liquids were discussed. The importance of interbubble interactions through the liquid-field is now well established at least in terms of potential theory. There was also a progress concerning the well-posedness of governing equations for void waves. For pressure waves there were some new phenomena, such as bubble cluster formation and the occurrence of three-dimensional structures, in addition to a progress from more qualitative studies to quantitative ones."

This book proposes "Vibration Utilization Engineering," using harmful vibrations in many cases for energy harvesting. Scope of the book includes, but not limited to, linear and nonlinear system of vibrations, waves (sound wave and light wave), wave motion and energy utilization, the electric-magnetic oscillation utilization in engineering, the phenomena, patterns, and utilization of the vibrations in Nature and human social society. It is all based on the theory of vibration utilization technology and equipment technological process, linear and pseudo-linear vibration, nonlinear vibration. This new subject branch is closely associated with numerus applications in industrial or agricultural production, medical apparatus and equipment and daily life, etc. It could create significant economic and social benefits and provide significant values for society and excellent service for human life.

This book addresses the reader interested in vehicular traffic phenomena, who have not learned about them before. It presents traffic phenomena like traffic breakdown and the emergence of moving traffic jams by showcasing empirical traffic data measured in real-world traffic. The author explains how these empirical traffic studies have led to the three-phase traffic theory and why this new theory is in conflict with standard traffic theories developed before. Moreover, he presents the reason for the failure of applications of standard traffic theories in real-world traffic and discusses why understanding real traffic has caused a paradigm shift in traffic and transportation science. The book examines why understanding real traffic breakdown is the basis for an explanation for the autonomous driving effects on traffic flow. It shows that understanding real traffic is possible from real-world traffic data without the need of mathematical traffic models. This makes the book intuitive for non-specialists, who can qualitatively understand all the basic features of traffic dynamics. In turn, experienced traffic researchers can grasp concepts and ideas made here easily accessible by the author, one of the leading pioneers in the field of vehicular traffic.

This book presents a collection of papers prepared by the researches of the Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IPME RAS) on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the establishment of the Institute. The IPME RAS is one of the leading research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences and consists of 18 research units (laboratories). The chapters cover the main research directions of the institute, including nano-,micro-, meso- and macro- mechanics and materials, with ,special emphasis on the problems of strength of materials and service life of structures.

Intended as an introduction to robot mechanics for students of mechanical, industrial, electrical, and bio-mechanical engineering, this graduate text presents a wide range of approaches and topics. It avoids formalism and proofs but nonetheless discusses advanced concepts and contemporary applications. It will thus also be of interest to practicing engineers. The book begins with kinematics, emphasizing an approach based on rigid-body displacements instead of coordinate transformations; it then turns to inverse kinematic analysis, presenting the widely used Pieper-Roth and zero-reference-position methods. This is followed by a discussion of workplace characterization and determination. One focus of the discussion is the motion made possible by sperical and other novel wrist designs. The text concludes with a brief discussion of dynamics and control. An extensive bibliography provides access to the current literature.

This book examines the fundamentals of vehicle dynamics, as well as the recent trends in the field, such as torque vectoring control, vehicle state estimation, and autonomous vehicles. It investigates the most pressing problems that vehicle dynamics engineers have been facing nowadays, and the challenges of autonomous vehicles in terms of perception, path planning, and analysis of the road environment. The book will serve as a useful tool for graduate students and researchers in vehicle dynamics and control.

Current research fields in science and technology were presented and discussed at the EKC2009, informing about the interests and directions of the scientists and engineers in EU countries and Korea. The Conference has emerged from the idea of bringing together EU and Korea to get to know each other better, especially in fields of science and technology.

Plasmon Coupling Physics, Wave Effects and their Study by Electron Spectroscopies, Volume 222 in the Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics serial, merges two long-running serials, Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics and Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy. The series features articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science, digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy and the computing methods used in all these domains. Specific chapters in this release cover Phase retrieval methods applied to coherent imaging, X-ray phase-contrast imaging: a broad overview of some fundamentals, Graphene and borophene as nanoscopic materials for electronics - with review of the physics, and more.

All engineers and applied scientists will need to harness the power of machine learning to solve the highly complex and data intensive problems now emerging. This text teaches state-of-the-art machine learning technologies to students and practicing engineers from the traditionally "analog" disciplines-mechanical, aerospace, chemical, nuclear, and civil. Dr. McClarren examines these technologies from an engineering perspective and illustrates their specific value to engineers by presenting concrete examples based on physical systems. The book proceeds from basic learning models to deep neural networks, gradually increasing readers' ability to apply modern machine learning techniques to their current work and to prepare them for future, as yet unknown, problems. Rather than taking a black box approach, the author teaches a broad range of techniques while conveying the kinds of problems best addressed by each. Examples and case studies in controls, dynamics, heat transfer, and other engineering applications are implemented in Python and the libraries scikit-learn and tensorflow, demonstrating how readers can apply the most up-to-date methods to their own problems. The book equally benefits undergraduate engineering students who wish to acquire the skills required by future employers, and practicing engineers who wish to expand and update their problem-solving toolkit.

1. Focuses on practical design and manufacturing process 2. Contains Industrial working experiences 3. Includes innovations in development of electric machines 4. Includes read-to-implement solutions in electric machine design 5. Discusses state-of-the-art technology in modern electric machine design

This book, a survey of current practices in both planning and computer aids, is largely confined to space projections, block and detailed layout planning, material flow analysis, plan and elevation drawings-the core activities of most facilities planners.

This book describes the concepts and methods of a discipline called design assurance, and reveals many nontechnical aspects that are necessary for getting the work done in an engineering department. It is helpful to engineers and their managers in understanding and using design assurance techniques.

This book includes best selected, high-quality research papers presented at the International Conference on Intelligent Manufacturing and Energy Sustainability (ICIMES 2021) held at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Malla Reddy College of Engineering & Technology (MRCET), Maisammaguda, Hyderabad, India, during June 18-19, 2021. It covers topics in the areas of automation, manufacturing technology and energy sustainability and also includes original works in the intelligent systems, manufacturing, mechanical, electrical, aeronautical, materials, automobile, bioenergy and energy sustainability.

This book aims to provide a valuable source, which focuses on interdisciplinary methods and affiliate research in the area of Geometric Modeling and Graphics. It aims to provide the user community with a variety of Geometric Modeling techniques, applications, systems and tools necessary for various real life problems in areas such as Designing objects, Medical Visualization, Scientific Data Visualization, Archaeology, Toon Rendering, Virtual Reality, Body Simulation, etc. It also aims to collect and disseminate information from various disciplines including Curve and Surface Fitting, Geometric Algorithms, Scientific Visualization, Shape Abstraction and Modeling, Intelligent CAD Systems, Computational Geometry, Solid Modeling, Shape Analysis and Description, Medical and Industrial Applications. The major goal of this book is to stimulate views and provide a source where researchers and practitioners can find the latest developments in the field of Geometric Modeling and related practical issues. The book is useful for researchers, practicing engineers, computer scientists, and many others who seek state of the art techniques, applications, systems and tools for Geometric Modeling and Graphics. The book will be a useful source of ideas and techniques for those who seek further research and practice in the development and applications of Computer Aided Geometric Modeling. The introduction to various techniques and applications, together with the developed systems and tools, may serve to stimulate the interest of undergraduate senior students as well as graduate students in the areas of Computer Science, Engineering, and Mathematics. The book consists of twenty-two well documented chapters distributed in three sections of Geometric Modeling Techniques, Applications, Systems and Tools.

The 1993 International Cryogenic Materials Conference (ICMC) was held at the Albuquer- que Convention Center in Albuquerque, New Mexico in conjunction with the Cryogenic Engi- neering Conference (CEC) on July 12-16. The interdependent subjects of the two conferences attracted more than eight hundred participants, who came to share the tatest advances in low- temperature materials science and technology. They also came for the important byproducts of the conferences: identification of new research areas, exploration of collaborative research possi- bilities, and the establishment and renewal of professional relationships. K. Theodore Hartwig (Texas A&M University), asChairman ofthe 1993 ICMC; T. Scott Kreilick (Hudson International Conductors), as Program Chairman; and thirteen other Program Committee members expertly arranged the ICMC sessions and activities. The contributions of the CEC board and its Conference Chairman Walter F. Stewart of the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) were centrat to the organization ofthe tenth CEC/ICMC, which was hosted by LANL. The local arrangements and management, under the skillful guidance of Jan C. Hull (LANL), were exemplary. Frederick Edeskuty (LANL) served as Exhibits Chairman, and L. Kim Nguyen (LANL), as Conference Support Liaison.

The papers in this volume cover a broad spectrum of topics that represent the truly diverse nature of the field of composite materials. In recent years, composite materials have grown in strength, stature, and significance to become a key material of enhanced scientific interest and resultant research into understanding their behavior for selection and safe use in a wide spectrum of technology-related applications. This collection presents research and findings relevant to the latest advances in composites materials, specifically their use in aerospace, maritime, and even land applications. The editors have made every effort to bring together authors who put forth recent advances in their research while concurrently both elaborating on and thereby enhancing our prevailing understanding of the salient aspects related to the science, engineering, and far-reaching technological applications of composite materials.

The articles that comprise this distinguished annual volume for the Advances in Mechanics and Mathematics series have been written in honor of Gilbert Strang, a world renowned mathematician and exceptional person. Written by leading experts in complementarity, duality, global optimization, and quantum computations, this collection reveals the beauty of these mathematical disciplines and investigates recent developments in global optimization, nonconvex and nonsmooth analysis, nonlinear programming, theoretical and engineering mechanics, large scale computation, quantum algorithms and computation, and information theory.

This edited volume summarizes research being pursued within the DFG Priority Programme 1748: "Reliable Simulation Methods in Solid Mechanics. Development of non-standard discretisation methods, mechanical and mathematical analysis", the aim of which was to develop novel discretisation methods based e.g. on mixed finite element methods, isogeometric approaches as well as discontinuous Galerkin formulations, including a sound mathematical analysis for geometrically as well as physically nonlinear problems. The Priority Programme has established an international framework for mechanical and applied mathematical research to pursue open challenges on an inter-disciplinary level. The compiled results can be understood as state of the art in the research field and show promising ways of further research in the respective areas. The book is intended for doctoral and post-doctoral students in civil engineering, mechanical engineering, applied mathematics and physics, as well as industrial researchers interested in the field.

The surge in COVID-19 cases leading to hospitalizations around the world quickly depleted hospital resources and reserves, forcing physicians to make extremely difficult life-or-death decisions on ventilator allocation between patients. Leaders in academia and industry have developed numerous ventilator support systems using both consumer- and industry-grade hardware to sustain life and to provide intermediate respiratory relief for hospitalized patients. This book is the first of its kind to discuss the respiratory pathophysiology underlying COVID-19, explain ventilator mechanics, provide and evaluate a repository of innovative ventilator support devices conceived amid the pandemic, and explain both hardware and software components necessary to develop an inexpensive ventilator support device. This book serves both as a historical record of the collaborative and innovative response to the anticipated ventilator shortage during the COVID-19 pandemic and as a guide for physicians, engineers, and DIY'ers interested in developing inexpensive transitory ventilator support devices.

Discrete Contact Mechanics with Applications in Tribology presents new solutions to contact problems for elastic and viscoelastic bodies in normal, sliding, and rolling contact, taking into account effects such as surface microgeometry, adhesion, fluid films, and viscous hysteresis in bulk material or surface layers. These solutions are applied to problems in tribology for modeling contact and friction of bodies with surface microgeometry (rough or textured). The book provides exact mathematical formulations for cases of discrete contact based on classical approaches of contact mechanics, allowing readers to study the influence of different parameters of surface microgeometry on contact characteristics and friction force. The book will help solve problems in modeling contact and friction interaction in cases of discrete character of contact interaction, mutual influence of individual contact spots in contact interaction of elastic and viscoelastic solids, calculating sliding and rolling friction forces as a result of adhesive and viscoelastic mechanisms of dissipation, and more.

Many materials or media in nature and technology possess a microstructure which determines their macroscopic behaviour. The knowledge of the relevant mechanisms is often more comprehensive on the micro than on the macro scale. On the other hand, not all information on the micro level is relevant for the understanding of this macro behaviour. Therefore, averaging and homogenization methods are needed to select only the specific information from the micro scale, which influences the macro scale. These methods also open the possibility to design or to influence microstructures with the objective to optimize their macro behaviour.

This book presents the development of new methods in this interdisciplinary field of macro- micro-interactions of different engineering branches like mechanical and process engineering, applied mathematics, theoretical, and computational physics. In particular, solids with microstructures and particle systems are considered.

The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy - Part 2, Volume 221 in the Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on Recollections from the Early Years: Canada-USA, My Recollection of the Early History of Our Work on Electron Optics and the Electron Microscope, Walter Hoppe (1917-1986), Reminiscences of the Development of Electron Optics and Electron Microscope Instrumentation in Japan, Early Electron Microscopy in The Netherlands, L. L. Marton, 1901-1979, The Invention of the Electron Fresnel Interference Biprism, The Development of the Scanning Electron Microscope, and much more.

Flat and Corrugated Diaphragm Design Handbook provides simple, useful methods for diaphragmdesign, performance evaluation, and material selection. The text is a practical andcomplete guide to solving on-the-job problems faced by instrument designers; structural engineersdesigning plates, panels, and floors; and mechanical engineers designing flexural pivots,couplings, and elastic elements.A leading design engineer has written this authoritative reference for the benefit of his colleaguesin the engineering community. Each chapter is user-oriented and features clear, stepby-step techniques which are easily translated into improved diaphragm design. The text includesa simple algebraic presentation of performance characteristics, and computer results ofspecific shapes, profiles, and corrugation depths. Special topics, such as the use of diaphragmsas pressure summing devices and the design of semiconductor diaphragms for solid state transducers,receive outstanding coverage in this book. Each discussion contains many detailed examplesand illustrations.Flat and Corrugated Diaphragm Design Handbook is a vital addition to both the workbenchand the library of every practicing design engineer. This volume is also an excelJent textbookfor a course on instrument design and application for senior-level engineering students.

Thermofluids: From Nature to Engineering presents the fundamentals of thermofluids in an accessible and student-friendly way. Author David Ting applies his 23 years of teaching to this practical reference which works to clarify phenomena, concepts and processes via nature-inspired examples, giving the readers a well-rounded understanding of the topic. It introduces the fundamentals of thermodynamics, heat transfer and fluid mechanics which underpin most engineering systems, providing the reader with a solid basis to transfer and apply to other engineering disciplines. With a strong focus on ecology and sustainability, this book will benefit students in various engineering disciplines including thermal energy, mechanical and chemical, and will also appeal to those coming to the topic from another discipline.