Written by leading experts in the area, The Routledge Handbook of Spanish Translation Studies brings together original contributions representing a culmination of the extensive research to date within the field of Spanish Translation Studies. The Handbook covers a variety of translation related issues, both theoretical and practical, providing an overview of the field and establishing directions for future research. It starts by looking at the history of translation in Spain, the Americas during the colonial period and Latin America, and then moves on to discuss well-established areas of research such as literary translation and audiovisual translation, at which Spanish researchers have excelled. It also provides state-of-the-art information on new topics such as the interface between translation and humour on the one hand, and the translation of comics on the other. This Handbook is an indispensable resource for postgraduate students and researchers of translation studies.

An essential companion for IELTS writing instructors and students, Developing Writing Skills for IELTS provides IELTS test-takers with the necessary skills to succeed in the two academic writing tasks in IELTS. Adopting an original exemplar-based writing instructional approach, this text offers an in-depth and reader-friendly analysis of the assessment standards of the two academic writing tasks in IELTS. Authentic exemplars written by EFL university students are included to illustrate high (Bands 8-9), average (Bands 6-7), and low (Bands 4-5) performances in IELTS writing. Key Features: * Diagrammatical representation of assessment standards of the two academic writing tasks by experienced IELTS writing examiners and instructors. * 100 writing questions modelled after the IELTS format, designed by the authors, and categorised according to question types and topics that emerge from an analysis of over 400 IELTS writing questions. * Over 100 writing exemplars by EFL university students, accompanied by guided activities and suggested answers. Designed as a classroom text, a resource for workshops and consultations, or a self-study material, Developing Writing Skills for IELTS: A Research-based Approach will support IELTS writing instructors and test-takers with a variety of writing proficiencies.

Practical Chinese Usage offers post-beginner to near advanced students of Chinese a guide to the most frequently misused and confusing words in the language. Entries are arranged in alphabetical order for ease of reference. Sample sentences with pinyin and English translations are provided after each explanation. Examples of typical mistakes made by students are clearly marked throughou. Each entry is annotated in accordance with the New HSK guidelines, indicating the level of difficulty. Practical Chinese Usage provides students of Chinese with the necessary tools to refine their use of expressions and synonyms in order to communicate effectively in the Chinese language.

This book introduces a new framework for analyzing second language (L2) learners' written texts. The authors conducted a major study on changes and differences in English L2 learners' writing performance to advance understanding of the nature of L2 writing development over time, in relation to L2 instruction and testing, and to offer a model that professionals and researchers can use in their own longitudinal and cross-sectional studies of L2 writing development. Grounded in research, data, theory, and technology, this will be a welcome how-to for language test developers, scholars, and graduate students of (L2) writing and assessment.

German and English: Academic Usage and Academic Translation focuses on academic and popular scientific/academic usage. This book's brief is both theoretical and practical: on the theoretical side, it aims to provide a systematic, corpus-based account of current academic usage in English and in German as well as of the translation problems associated with various academic genres; on the practical side, it seeks to equip academic translators with the skills required to produce target-language text in accordance with disciplinary conventions. The main perspective taken is that of a translator working from German into English, but the converse direction is also regularly taken into account. Most of the examples used are based on errors that occurred in real-life translation jobs. Additional practice materials and sample translations are available as eResources here: www.routledge.com/9780367619022. This book will be an important resource for professionals aspiring to translate academic texts, linguists interested in academic usage, translation scholars, and graduate and post-graduate students.

German and English: Academic Usage and Academic Translation focuses on academic and popular scientific/academic usage. This book's brief is both theoretical and practical: on the theoretical side, it aims to provide a systematic, corpus-based account of current academic usage in English and in German as well as of the translation problems associated with various academic genres; on the practical side, it seeks to equip academic translators with the skills required to produce target-language text in accordance with disciplinary conventions. The main perspective taken is that of a translator working from German into English, but the converse direction is also regularly taken into account. Most of the examples used are based on errors that occurred in real-life translation jobs. Additional practice materials and sample translations are available as eResources here: www.routledge.com/9780367619022. This book will be an important resource for professionals aspiring to translate academic texts, linguists interested in academic usage, translation scholars, and graduate and post-graduate students.

This book introduces a new framework for analyzing second language (L2) learners' written texts. The authors conducted a major study on changes and differences in English L2 learners' writing performance to advance understanding of the nature of L2 writing development over time, in relation to L2 instruction and testing, and to offer a model that professionals and researchers can use in their own longitudinal and cross-sectional studies of L2 writing development. Grounded in research, data, theory, and technology, this will be a welcome how-to for language test developers, scholars, and graduate students of (L2) writing and assessment.

The revised second edition of Basic Korean: A Grammar and Workbook is an accessible reference grammar and workbook in one volume. The text can be used in conjunction with any primary textbook, both as a practice book to reinforce learning and as a reference guide to the basics of Korean grammar. This book is comprised of 26 units covering key aspects of Korean grammar students would expect to encounter in their first year learning the language. Grammatical descriptions are followed by examples and exercises which allow students to reinforce and consolidate their learning. This new edition has been updated and enhanced to include more varied exercises and contemporary vocabulary and dialogues. Clearly presented and user-friendly, Basic Korean provides readers with the essential tools to express themselves in a wide variety of situations, making it an ideal reference grammar and practice resource for both beginners and students with some knowledge of the language.

Kanji Clues: A Mnemonic Approach to Mastering Japanese Characters introduces a novel approach to character acquisition that combines the ancient practice of memory enhancement with a modern appreciation for active learning. By placing phonology at the center of the reading-writing process, the learner establishes an essential link between sound and meaning before addressing each character's orthography, much in the way native speakers do. Another prominent feature of these volumes is that the lessons are organized thematically according to components in order to enhance their retention and to distinguish between similar looking kanji. As a result, character order is determined by the frequency of their primary elements or components. Once a character is learned, it retains the same meaning when it appears as an element in other characters. There is thus an internal recycling of components and characters throughout the course that serves as an additional aid to their retrieval. Proceeding from components and characters, each lesson then introduces ten new compounds, half of which appear in sentences. Here again, the learner actively forges meaningful links by responding to the clues provided. Indeed, the entire learning sequence is based upon mnemonic principles, such as attention, association, and elaboration, which, when employed together, comprise a memory-enhancing network that facilitates accurate recall and retention. Designed for students who wish to master the Japanese reading/writing system, each volume is comprised of a year's worth of lessons, which can be used alongside a primary textbook, as well as for self-study, reference, or review. Upon completion of the course, the learner will have not only mastered all the 2,136 everyday use characters, but also be familiar with more than 1,200 kanji compounds and the most common sentence patterns in the Japanese language, thereby providing a deep understanding of the inner workings of the language and the tools to decipher new words. Volume 2 is an ideal supplementary resource for students throughout their second year of Japanese-language study.

English Loans in Contemporary Russian presents over 2,000 English borrowings in the Russian lexicon, providing a unique account of changes in the language and culture. The entries in this practical Russian-English dictionary cover a wide range of well-established loanwords to more recent neologisms. They address an increasingly relevant part of the contemporary Russian lexicon, particularly in the language of business, politics, mass media, computer, medicine, and other professional areas. The dictionary reflects how the language is responding to new patterns of life and will be of interest to Russian language learners and linguists.

English Loans in Contemporary Russian presents over 2,000 English borrowings in the Russian lexicon, providing a unique account of changes in the language and culture. The entries in this practical Russian-English dictionary cover a wide range of well-established loanwords to more recent neologisms. They address an increasingly relevant part of the contemporary Russian lexicon, particularly in the language of business, politics, mass media, computer, medicine, and other professional areas. The dictionary reflects how the language is responding to new patterns of life and will be of interest to Russian language learners and linguists.

The Routledge Course on Media, Legal and Technical Translation: English-Arabic-English is an indispensable and engaging coursebook for university students wishing to develop their English-Arabic-English translation skills in these three text types. Taking a practical approach, the book introduces Arab translation students to common translation strategies in addition to the linguistic, syntactic, and stylistic features of media, legal, and technical texts. This book features texts carefully selected for their technical relevance. The key features include: * comprehensive four chapters covering media, legal, and technical texts, which are of immense importance to Arab translation students; * detailed and clear explanations of the lexical, syntactic, and stylistic features of English and Arabic media, legal, and technical texts; * up-to-date and practical translation examples in both directions offering students actual experiences of professional translators; * authentic texts extracted from various sources to promote students' familiarity with language features and use; * extensive range of exercises following each section of the book to enable students to test and practice the knowledge and skills they developed from reading previous sections; * glossaries following most exercises containing the translation of difficult words; and * a list of recommended readings following each chapter. The easy, practical, and comprehensive approach adopted in the book makes it a must-have coursebook for intermediate and advanced students studying translation between English and Arabic. University instructors and professional translators working on translation between English and Arabic will find this book particularly useful.

Kanji Clues: A Mnemonic Approach to Mastering Japanese Characters introduces a novel approach to character acquisition that combines the ancient practice of memory enhancement with a modern appreciation for active learning. By placing phonology at the center of the reading-writing process, the learner establishes an essential link between sound and meaning before addressing each character's orthography, much in the way native speakers do. Another prominent feature of these volumes is that the lessons are organized thematically according to components in order to enhance their retention and to distinguish between similar looking kanji. As a result, character order is determined by the frequency of their primary elements or components. Once a character is learned, it retains the same meaning when it appears as an element in other characters. There is thus an internal recycling of components and characters throughout the course that serves as an additional aid to their retrieval. Proceeding from components and characters, each lesson then introduces ten new compounds, half of which appear in sentences. Here again, the learner actively forges meaningful links by responding to the clues provided. Indeed, the entire learning sequence is based upon mnemonic principles, such as attention, association, and elaboration, which, when employed together, comprise a memory-enhancing network that facilitates accurate recall and retention. Designed for students who wish to master the Japanese reading/writing system, each volume is comprised of a year's worth of lessons, which can be used alongside a primary textbook, as well as for self-study, reference, or review. Upon completion of the course, the learner will have not only mastered all the 2,136 everyday use characters, but also be familiar with more than 1,200 kanji compounds and the most common sentence patterns in the Japanese language, thereby providing a deep understanding of the inner workings of the language and the tools to decipher new words. Volume 2 is an ideal supplementary resource for students throughout their second year of Japanese-language study.

Teaching Korean as a Foreign Language: Theories and Practices is designed for prospective or in-service Korean as a Foreign Language (KFL) teachers. With contributions from leading experts in the field, readers will gain an understanding of the theoretical framework and practical applications of KFL education in the context of Second Language Acquisition (SLA). The eight chapters explore the history of and current issues in language education, the practicalities of being a classroom teacher, and teaching and evaluation techniques for developing language and cultural proficiency. This comprehensive volume also includes an annotated bibliography which lists over 500 of the most recent and pertinent research articles and doctoral dissertations in the area. This bibliography will be of great service to students, teachers, and any researchers in applied linguistics and second language acquisition interested in Korean language education.

The Semitic Languages presents a comprehensive survey of the individual languages and language clusters within this language family, from their origins in antiquity to their present-day forms. This second edition has been fully revised, with new chapters and a wealth of additional material. New features include the following: * new introductory chapters on Proto-Semitic grammar and Semitic linguistic typology * an additional chapter on the place of Semitic as a subgroup of Afro-Asiatic, and several chapters on modern forms of Arabic, Aramaic and Ethiopian Semitic * text samples of each individual language, transcribed into the International Phonetic Alphabet, with standard linguistic word-by-word glossing as well as translation * new maps and tables present information visually for easy reference. This unique resource is the ideal reference for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of linguistics and language. It will be of interest to researchers and anyone with an interest in historical linguistics, linguistic typology, linguistic anthropology and language development.

Creating technology-integrated learning environments for adolescent and adult language learners remains a challenge to educators in the field. Thoroughly examining and optimizing the experience of these students is imperative to the success of language learning classrooms. Technology-Assisted ESL Acquisition and Development for Nontraditional Learners provides innovative insights into the advancements in communication technologies and their applications in language learning. The content within this publication covers emerging research on instructional design, teacher cognition, and professional development. It is a vital reference source for educators, academics, administrators, and researchers seeking coverage centered on the implementation of technology-based language learning systems.

The book reunites transdisciplinary studies investigating the questions of construction and deconstruction of gender in filmic, literary, and television Romance cultures by referring to a corpus that stretches from plays of travesty in 18th century opera to non-normative masculinities in recent television series. One of this book's main objectives consists in inviting its readers to follow the traces of a transmedial and transnational historiography of media that offers figures of nomadic thinking in order to escape the binary concepts of normative biopolitics and offer instead alternative cartographies of gender and desire.

Linguistica textual y ensenanza del espanol LE/L2 ofrece una vision de conjunto teorico-practica y actualizada de la Linguistica textual aplicada a la ensenanza del espanol como lengua extranjera y/o segunda, destinada especialmente a estudiantes graduados y a profesores en formacion nativos y no nativos. El volumen, escrito por un elenco internacional de profesores-investigadores, presenta una vision actualizada y practica de los generos textuales mas frecuentes en programaciones universitarias. Enmarcado por una sintesis actualizada de estudios e investigaciones en linguistica aplicada que recorre distintas perspectivas teoricas y metodologicas, recoge datos y propuestas procedentes de aulas de aprendizaje de espanol de distintos contextos internacionales. Su principal proposito es suscitar la reflexion teorico-practica sobre los generos discursivos y su papel en el aula, y ofrecer una descripcion pormenorizada de los mismos para proporcionar al profesorado en formacion, nativo y no nativo, recursos practicos y propuestas didacticas que ejemplifican y guian de manera razonada como llevar al aula los distintos generos textuales. Caracteristicas principales: * Amplitud de aspectos de la linguistica textual y generos discursivos abordados enteramente para el espanol LE/L2 y en espanol. * Estructuracion homogenea de los capitulos que facilita la lectura y da coherencia al conjunto. Atencion a generos escritos y orales desde una perspectiva teorico-practica que puede inspirar nuevas investigaciones. Atencion a la diversidad geolectal del espanol, a los contextos en que este es L2 (Europa, EEUU) y a la de sus aprendices (hablantes de herencia, L2, LE). Orientado a la aplicacion practica y docente en la clase de L2/LE, cada capitulo dedicado a un genero incluye consejos, pautas o actividades para el aula. Incluye tematica actual en linguistica textual y aprendizaje de lenguas: escritura academica, divulgacion cientifica, textos juridicos, aprendizaje mediado por ordenador o el lenguaje de las redes. Capitulos bien fundamentados teorica y bibliograficamente, con solido respaldo de datos empiricos procedentes de corpus, bien contextualizados. Aborda los aspectos teoricos tradicionales relativos al estudio de la tipologia textual y los desafios metodologicos que afronta el profesor al llevar al aula los distintos generos discursivos. La presente obra presenta, en un solo volumen, una vision actualizada y practica de los tipos textuales y generos discursivos de uso mas frecuente desde una perspectiva teorico-practica: presentacion, descripcion y puesta en practica es un esquema de trabajo directo y enormemente util para su aplicacion en el aula. El ambito internacional en el que se mueven los autores le da una amplitud nunca antes recogida en una obra de linguistica textual. Todo ello hace de Linguistica textual y ensenanza del espanol LE/L2 una obra de consulta obligada para docentes de espanol como LE/L2, para estudiantes graduados y formadores de profesores, asi como para cualquier persona que desee adquirir una perspectiva actual sobre linguistica textual, generos discursivos y ensenanza e investigacion en espanol nativo y no nativo.

Linguistica textual y ensenanza del espanol LE/L2 ofrece una vision de conjunto teorico-practica y actualizada de la Linguistica textual aplicada a la ensenanza del espanol como lengua extranjera y/o segunda, destinada especialmente a estudiantes graduados y a profesores en formacion nativos y no nativos. El volumen, escrito por un elenco internacional de profesores-investigadores, presenta una vision actualizada y practica de los generos textuales mas frecuentes en programaciones universitarias. Enmarcado por una sintesis actualizada de estudios e investigaciones en linguistica aplicada que recorre distintas perspectivas teoricas y metodologicas, recoge datos y propuestas procedentes de aulas de aprendizaje de espanol de distintos contextos internacionales. Su principal proposito es suscitar la reflexion teorico-practica sobre los generos discursivos y su papel en el aula, y ofrecer una descripcion pormenorizada de los mismos para proporcionar al profesorado en formacion, nativo y no nativo, recursos practicos y propuestas didacticas que ejemplifican y guian de manera razonada como llevar al aula los distintos generos textuales. Caracteristicas principales: * Amplitud de aspectos de la linguistica textual y generos discursivos abordados enteramente para el espanol LE/L2 y en espanol. * Estructuracion homogenea de los capitulos que facilita la lectura y da coherencia al conjunto. Atencion a generos escritos y orales desde una perspectiva teorico-practica que puede inspirar nuevas investigaciones. Atencion a la diversidad geolectal del espanol, a los contextos en que este es L2 (Europa, EEUU) y a la de sus aprendices (hablantes de herencia, L2, LE). Orientado a la aplicacion practica y docente en la clase de L2/LE, cada capitulo dedicado a un genero incluye consejos, pautas o actividades para el aula. Incluye tematica actual en linguistica textual y aprendizaje de lenguas: escritura academica, divulgacion cientifica, textos juridicos, aprendizaje mediado por ordenador o el lenguaje de las redes. Capitulos bien fundamentados teorica y bibliograficamente, con solido respaldo de datos empiricos procedentes de corpus, bien contextualizados. Aborda los aspectos teoricos tradicionales relativos al estudio de la tipologia textual y los desafios metodologicos que afronta el profesor al llevar al aula los distintos generos discursivos. La presente obra presenta, en un solo volumen, una vision actualizada y practica de los tipos textuales y generos discursivos de uso mas frecuente desde una perspectiva teorico-practica: presentacion, descripcion y puesta en practica es un esquema de trabajo directo y enormemente util para su aplicacion en el aula. El ambito internacional en el que se mueven los autores le da una amplitud nunca antes recogida en una obra de linguistica textual. Todo ello hace de Linguistica textual y ensenanza del espanol LE/L2 una obra de consulta obligada para docentes de espanol como LE/L2, para estudiantes graduados y formadores de profesores, asi como para cualquier persona que desee adquirir una perspectiva actual sobre linguistica textual, generos discursivos y ensenanza e investigacion en espanol nativo y no nativo.

Although the Japanese language is one of the most quoted examples in politeness research, extant publications focus on particular areas of politeness, and very few of them enquire into the varied aspects of Japanese politeness. In this book, Yasuko Obana provides an integrated account of what signifies Japanese politeness. By examining how far previous assumptions can apply to Japanese, Obana exposes a variety of characteristics of Japanese politeness. By taking a diachronic approach, she probes into what constitutes politeness, extracts key elements of the term 'polite' in Japanese, and demonstrates how modern honorifics' apparent diverse, divergent uses and effects can be integrated into a systematic matrix. Furthermore, by quoting traditional Japanese language scholars' (kokugo gakusha) studies, Obana brings different views into the open. She also carves out politeness strategies in Japanese that have not been adequately explored to date, and which often conform to the way in which honorifi cs behave because they refl ect social indexicality. This book is a good reference for scholars in pragmatics, particularly for those who are working on politeness. It is useful for Japanese language teachers who want to know how to teach Japanese politeness to non-native learners. Postgraduate students of Japanese or pragmatics may also find this book useful for self-study.